EP0110162B1 - Relais électromagnétique - Google Patents

Relais électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0110162B1
EP0110162B1 EP83110830A EP83110830A EP0110162B1 EP 0110162 B1 EP0110162 B1 EP 0110162B1 EP 83110830 A EP83110830 A EP 83110830A EP 83110830 A EP83110830 A EP 83110830A EP 0110162 B1 EP0110162 B1 EP 0110162B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
contact
pole pieces
relay
springs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83110830A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0110162A2 (fr
EP0110162A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SAUER, HANS
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT83110830T priority Critical patent/ATE43750T1/de
Publication of EP0110162A2 publication Critical patent/EP0110162A2/fr
Publication of EP0110162A3 publication Critical patent/EP0110162A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0110162B1 publication Critical patent/EP0110162B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272—Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature
    • H01H51/2281—Contacts rigidly combined with armature

Definitions

  • An electromagnetic relay having the features of the first parts of claims 1 and 8 is known from US-A-4 342 016.
  • the contact springs arranged on the armature in the known relay carry at their ends contact pieces which alternately form contact pairs which can be actuated with contact pieces provided on pole pieces of two permanent magnets. In each end position of the armature one of its ends comes to rest on the associated pole piece, as a result of which the magnetic circuit of the permanent magnet in question is closed at this point.
  • electrical and magnetic functions are thus separated from one another in a conventional manner, the former being assigned to the contact springs and the latter to the armature.
  • an air contactor in which, in addition to a main contact pair, an erosion-proof pre-contact pair is provided, the movable contact of the main contact pair being attached to a rigid contact bridge and that of the pre-contact pair being attached to a contact spring.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic relay that is suitable for switching both low currents and voltages and high loads with high contact force, high sensitivity and high stability against mechanical stress and has a long service life.
  • the electromagnetic relay shown in FIGS. 1-4 has a soft magnetic armature 1, which is rotatably mounted in the center of one of its heavy axes within a two-part coil former 2, 2 '.
  • armature 1 For example, bearing pins R are provided on the armature and half-shell bearing nests R 'in the coil former halves.
  • the two ends 3, 4 of the armature 1 can be moved between pole shoes 5, 5 ', 6 and 7, 7', 8 by permanent magnets 9, 10 arranged in the area of the end faces of the coil body 2, 2 'and widened relative to the central section of the armature .
  • the pole shoes 5, 5 'and 7, 7' which are located next to each other in one plane and are electrically insulated from one another, are arranged at a distance d from one another and at the same time serve as fixed contacts. They can be bridged both electrically and magnetically by attaching the armature end 3 or 4.
  • the end 3 touches the pole pieces 5, 5 'in a line at the point designated by 11 in FIG. 1.
  • the pole pieces 5, 5 'and 7, 7' are provided as fixed contacts with leads 15, 15 'and 17, 17'. Further connections 18, 18 'and 19, 19' are provided for the excitation coil (s) 20.
  • the permanent magnets 9, 10 are arranged in the end faces of the coil body 2, 2 'in such a way that the armature ends 3, 4 cooperate with magnetic poles of the same name in each switching position of the armature 1; in the case shown, the armature end 3 via the pole shoes 5, 5 'to the north pole of the permanent magnet 9 and the end 4 via the pole shoe 8 to the south pole of the permanent magnet 10.
  • contact springs 13, 14 are attached running transversely to its longitudinal extent, on the side facing away from the pole shoes 5, 5 'and 7, 7' serving as fixed contacts. These are preferably double contact springs riveted to the armature ends 3, 4, for example by cold deformation of a protrusion 16 stamped on the armature 1 and thus operated forcibly.
  • contact springs 13, 14 are further biased towards the ends 3, 4 of the armature 1. For this purpose, warts 21 (FIG.
  • the contact springs 13, 14 are at their free ends and the areas of the pole shoes interacting with them with erosion-resistant contact material 22, for. B tungsten, silver-cadmium oxide or silver-tin oxide, the ends 3, 4 of the armature 1 and the corresponding sections of the pole pieces 5, 5 'and 7, 7' with noble metal, low-resistance contact material, for. B. provided gold or silver.
  • erosion-resistant contact material 22 for. B tungsten, silver-cadmium oxide or silver-tin oxide, the ends 3, 4 of the armature 1 and the corresponding sections of the pole pieces 5, 5 'and 7, 7' with noble metal, low-resistance contact material, for. B. provided gold or silver.
  • Sealing the relay with casting compound 39 also makes a contribution to good long-term properties. In addition to the possibility of filling the relay with protective gas, this can prevent the penetration of flux during machine soldering or of solvents during ultrasonic cleaning.
  • the contact system can also be provided with a getter which keeps foreign layer-forming substances away from the contacts in the long term. For example, this can involve evaporation of the plastics used, which are particularly effectively obtained by the frequently used oxide magnets based on barium or strontium oxide.
  • FIG. 5 shows the force curve valid for the relay shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 as a function of the anchor path s.
  • the anchor path s is on the abscissa, the forces are plotted on the ordinate.
  • the switching position shown in Fig. 1 corresponds to z. B.
  • the course of the permanent magnetic force F 1 is approximately square and has its maximum value both in position b (and a) when the armature end 3 bears against the pole pieces 5, 5 ', in the middle position of the Anchor, this force F becomes zero.
  • the armature is also acted upon by the force F 2 of the prestressed contact spring 13, which counteracts the permanent magnetic force F 1 .
  • the remaining force F 3 is the actuating force of the armature with which the end 3 bears against the pole pieces 5, 5 '.
  • the entire tightening force F, of the permanent magnets 9, 10 is used as the contact force, in that the largest part is stored in the contact spring 13 as the force F 2 and the remaining force F 3 is used in the contacting by the armature end 3.
  • the force-path curve shown in FIG. 5 shows that in the present relay, with a good ratio of armature path s to contact path k, that is to say a large contact opening, at the same time a large part of the permanent magnetic attraction force F can be stored in the contact springs 13 and 14, respectively. This results in high responsiveness with reliable, low-bounce contact.
  • the remaining actuating force F 3 of the armature as armature rest force and contact force at the same time, the maximum contact force is achieved in this exemplary embodiment while at the same time ensuring the required mechanical stability.
  • the relay shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 also has a soft magnetic armature 1.
  • This is rotatably mounted with loose play in the center of a one-piece coil former 2 in one of its axes of gravity.
  • the bearing is formed, for example, by a convex curvature 40 in the center of the armature and a corresponding concave indentation 41 in the center of the coil body.
  • the armature ends 3, 4 can be moved between pole shoes 5, 6 and 7, 8 by permanent magnets 9, 10 arranged in the region of the end faces of the coil body 2.
  • pole pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 also serve as fixed contacts in this exemplary embodiment, they are provided with connections 15, 17 which are led out. Further connections 19, 18 are provided for the excitation coil 20.
  • a contact spring 23, 24, 33, 34 with contacts 27, 37, 28, 38 is attached to each pole piece 5, 6, 7, 8 on the side facing away from the respectively associated permanent magnet 9, 10. As shown in FIG. 7, these are leaf springs which are fastened to the pole shoe with rivets 42. Depending on the cut of the springs, their contacts are connected in parallel and thus act as double contacts.
  • the pole pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 are also provided with openings 25, 26, 35, 36 through which the contacts 27, 28, 37, 38 protrude in order to come into contact with the armature ends 3, 4.
  • the contact springs 23, 33, 24, 34 are at their free ends and the areas of the armature ends 3, 4 cooperating with them with erosion-resistant contacts 27, 28, 37, 38 in the form of rivets, Provide welding contacts or contact inserts.
  • the pole pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 and armature ends 3, 4 are in the areas in which they are in direct contact with one another, be it in a two-dimensional system as shown in FIG provided with noble metallic contact material.
  • the noble metal covering can completely cover the anchor as a galvanically applied layer, since it carries current.
  • the erosion-proof contact 27, 28, 37, 38 also serves as a preliminary contact, and the noble metal contact serves as the main contact, so that the advantages described there also occur here.
  • the loosely tolerated bearing 40, 41 of the armature 1 ensures that the armature 1 can level off between the contact points at its ends 3, 4. This ensures that the armature rests securely on the pole shoes 6, 7 and 5, 8 in each of its end positions. Since the bearing 40, 41 does not absorb any forces, the contact forces are the same at both anchor ends.
  • armature path to contact path k that is to say a large contact opening
  • a large part of the available permanent magnetic attraction force F 1 can be stored in the contact springs 33, 24 or 23, 34. This results in low-bounce contact with high sensitivity.
  • the remaining actuating force F 3 of the armature determines the mechanical stability of the relay and the level of the response power as armature rest force, since the armature rest force must be overcome when excited. By simultaneously using the anchor rest force as a contact force, it reaches its maximum value.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Relais électromagnétique avec au moins un aimant permanent (9, 10) muni de pièces polaires (5, 7) un induit magnétique doux (1) qui coopère par ses extrémités avec les pièces polaires (5, 7), les pièces polaires (5, 7) étant électriquement isolées l'une de l'autre et servant de contacts fixes, les extrémités (3, 4) de l'induit comprenant des ressorts de contact (13,14) lesquels forment avec les pièces polaires (5, 7) opposées des paires de contacts, la commutation provoquant tout d'abord un établissement de contact par l'intermédiaire du ressort de contact considéré (13, 14) et l'extrémité concernée de l'induit (1) s'appliquant, après la flexion dudit ressort de contact, contre la pièce polaire (5, 7) respective, et les zones de contact des ressorts de contact (13, 14) et des pièces polaires (5, 7) étant revêtues de matière de contact de manière que des pressions de contact sont obtenues à partir de la force d'attraction magnétique permanente, caractérisé en ce que les ressorts de contact (13, 14) ainsi que les zones des pièces polaires (5, 7) coopérant avec ces derniers sont recouvertes de matière de contact résistant à l'usure, alors que les extrémités (3, 4) de l'induit (1) électriquement conducteur et les zones des pièces polaires (5, 7) contre lesquelles sont appliquées les extrémités de l'induit sont revêtues de matière de contact en métal précieux.
2. Relais selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque extrémité (3, 4) de l'induit (1) est élargie par rapport à la section médiane de celui-ci, et que deux pièces polaires (5, 5', 7, 7') juxtaposées dans un même plan et électriquement isolées l'une de l'autre peuvent être pontées électriquement aussi bien que magnétiquement par fixation de l'extrémité (3, 4) de l'induit.
3. Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'à chaque face frontale du corps de bobine (2, 2') est disposé respectivement un aimant permanent (9, 10) de telle façon que les deux extrémités (3,4) de l'induit (1) coopèrent, dans n'importe quelle position de commutation, avec des pôles magnétiques de nom contraire, et qu'il est prévu une culasse (12) qui assure respectivement la liaison unilatérale de pôles de même nom des deux aimants permanents (9,10).
4. Relais selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, pour chaque extrémité (3, 4) de l'induit (1), respectivement une pièce polaire (6, 8) est conformée dans la culasse (12).
5. Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les ressorts de contact (13, 14) sont fixés aux extrémités (3, 4) de l'induit (1) de telle façon qu'ils s'étendent respectivement transversalement à l'extension longitudinale dudit induit.
6. Relais selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'à chaque extrémité de l'induit (3, 4) est prévu un ressort de contact (13, 14) et que ces ressorts de contact sont respectivement fixés sur le côté des extrémités (3, 4) de l'induit (1) qui est opposé aux pièces polaires (5, 5', 7, 7') servant de contacts fixes.
7. Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que seule l'extrémité (3, 4) de l'induit (1) à laquelle s'établit un contact est appliquée contre la (les) pièce(s) polaire(s) associée(s) (5, 5', 7, 7'), et que l'extrémité opposée (4, 3) de l'induit (1) est séparée par un entrefer (g) de la (des) pièce(s) polaire(s) (8, 6) qui lui est (sont) associée(s).
8. Relais électromagnétique avec au moins un aimant permanent (9, 10) muni de pièces polaires (5 à 8), un induit magnétique doux (1) qui coopère par ses extrémités avec les pièces polaires (5 à 8), lesdites pièces polaires (5 à 8) étant électriquement isolées les unes des autres et servant de contacts fixes, la commutation provoquant tout d'abord un établissement de contact par l'intermédiaire de ressorts de contact (23, 24, 33, 34) et l'extrémité de l'induit (1) s'appliquant, après la flexion du (des) ressort(s) de contact actionné(s), contre les pièces polaires (5 à 8) concernées, et les ressorts de contact (23. 24, 33, 34) étant recouverts de matière de contact de manière que des pressions de contact sont obtenues à partir de la force d'attraction magnétique permanente, caractérisé en ce que les ressorts de contact (23, 24, 33, 34) sont disposés sur les pièces polaires (5 à 8), sur leurs côtés opposés à l'induit (1) et forment avec les extrémités opposées (3, 4) de l'induit (1) électriquement conducteur des paires de contacts, et que les ressorts de contact (23, 24, 33, 34) ainsi que les zones des extrémités (3,4) de l'induit qui coopèrent avec eux sont recouvertes de matière de contact résistant à l'usure, alors que les pièces polaires (5 à 8) et les zones des extrémités d'induit (3, 4) dans lesquelles s'effectue une application mutuelle sont revêtues de matière de contact en métal précieux.
9. Relais selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que chaque pièce polaire (5, 6, 7, 8) présente une ouverture (25, 26, 35, 36), et qu'un contact (27, 28, 37, 38) disposé sur le ressort de contact (23, 24, 33, 34) s'étend au travers de cette ouverture (25, 26, 35, 36) et sort de la face de la pièce polaire (5, 6, 7, 8) dirigée vers l'induit (1 ).
10. Relais selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que, dans n'importe quelle position de commutation de l'induit (1), un contact est établi aux deux extrémités (3, 4) de l'induit, et que la fixation de l'induit est tolérée de manière tellement lâche qu'elle n'absorbe pas de forces dans les positions de fin de course de l'induit (1).
11. Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'induit (1) est monté de manière centrale dans le corps de bobine (2, 2') de façon à pouvoir tourner autour de l'un de ses axes de gravité.
12. Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'application des extrémités (3 et respectivement 3, 4) de l'induit (1) contre les pièces polaires (5, 5' et respectivement 6, 7) se fait sous la forme d'un contact linéaire.
13. Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le mouvemènt de l'induit (1) entraîne automatiquement une séparation des ressorts de contact (13, 14, 23, 24, 33, 34) par l'intermédiaire d'une force agissant à proximité immédiate de leur point de contact.
14. Relais selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les ressorts de contact (13, 14, 23, 24, 33, 34) sont précontraints par rapport aux extrémités (3,4) de l'induit (1) et respectivement aux pièces polaires (5, 6, 7, 8).
15. Relais selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que, pour l'obtention de la précontrainte des ressorts, des bossages (21) sont réalisés aux extrémités (3, 4) de l'induit (1) et respectivement sur les pièces polaires (5, 6, 7, 8).
EP83110830A 1982-11-04 1983-10-28 Relais électromagnétique Expired EP0110162B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83110830T ATE43750T1 (de) 1982-11-04 1983-10-28 Elektromagnetisches relais.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823240800 DE3240800A1 (de) 1982-11-04 1982-11-04 Elektromagnetisches relais
DE3240800 1982-11-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0110162A2 EP0110162A2 (fr) 1984-06-13
EP0110162A3 EP0110162A3 (en) 1986-10-01
EP0110162B1 true EP0110162B1 (fr) 1989-05-31

Family

ID=6177314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110830A Expired EP0110162B1 (fr) 1982-11-04 1983-10-28 Relais électromagnétique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4571566A (fr)
EP (1) EP0110162B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS607029A (fr)
AT (1) ATE43750T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1203275A (fr)
DE (2) DE3240800A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4688010A (en) * 1984-12-22 1987-08-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
JPH04149924A (ja) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-22 Nec Corp 電磁継電器
US5325079A (en) * 1993-01-21 1994-06-28 Kaloust P. Sogoian Electromagnetic relay with integral contacts
NL1008747C2 (nl) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-01 Holec Holland Nv Schakelaar met door een venster waarneembare contacten.
FR2849713B1 (fr) 2003-01-06 2006-02-17 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Pole de commutation pour appareil electromagnetique
US7839242B1 (en) * 2006-08-23 2010-11-23 National Semiconductor Corporation Magnetic MEMS switching regulator
US8193881B2 (en) 2007-09-14 2012-06-05 Fujitsu Component Limited Relay
US8354906B2 (en) * 2008-09-05 2013-01-15 Anden Co., Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
JP5560058B2 (ja) * 2010-01-26 2014-07-23 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 電磁継電器
CN203631430U (zh) * 2013-10-22 2014-06-04 艺美达工业电子有限公司 一种智能磁保持继电器
JP6414019B2 (ja) 2015-10-29 2018-10-31 オムロン株式会社 リレー
JP6458705B2 (ja) 2015-10-29 2019-01-30 オムロン株式会社 リレー
JP6471678B2 (ja) * 2015-10-29 2019-02-20 オムロン株式会社 接触片ユニット及びリレー
RU182067U1 (ru) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-02 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "СибГИУ") Электромагнитное реле

Citations (2)

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DE1894372U (de) * 1964-03-26 1964-06-11 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh Schaltgeraet, insbesondere luftschuetz fuer hohe einschaltstromspitzen.
US4032871A (en) * 1975-02-17 1977-06-28 Hans Sauer Carrier for circuit elements having contact-making terminals

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US2718568A (en) * 1952-08-19 1955-09-20 Connecticut Valley Entpr Inc Rotary type relays
DE1145274B (de) * 1959-06-06 1963-03-14 Schaltbau Gmbh Elektromagnetisches Relais mit stromfuehrendem Anker
DE1301839B (de) * 1965-09-30 1969-08-28 Siemens Ag Magnetisch betaetigbare Schalteinrichtung fuer polarisierten Betrieb
NL132202C (fr) * 1966-02-17
AT333369B (de) * 1973-06-30 1976-11-25 Elmeg Elektromagnetisches relais
DE2461884C3 (de) * 1974-12-30 1982-04-15 Sds-Elektro Gmbh, 8024 Deisenhofen Elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät
DE2607669A1 (de) * 1976-02-25 1977-09-08 Siemens Ag Relaiskontaktpatrone mit betaetigungszusatz
DE7733950U1 (de) * 1976-11-15 1981-04-02 Iskra ZP Ljubljana o.sub. o., Ljubljana Elektromagnetisches Umschlagrelais
DE3063933D1 (en) * 1979-01-25 1983-08-04 Sds Elektro Gmbh Arrangement of contact springs for polarized electromagnetic relays
US4342016A (en) * 1979-08-20 1982-07-27 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Transfer-type electromagnetic relay comprising a coil around a housing of the relay and an armature carrying movable contacts at both ends

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1894372U (de) * 1964-03-26 1964-06-11 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh Schaltgeraet, insbesondere luftschuetz fuer hohe einschaltstromspitzen.
US4032871A (en) * 1975-02-17 1977-06-28 Hans Sauer Carrier for circuit elements having contact-making terminals

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4571566A (en) 1986-02-18
EP0110162A2 (fr) 1984-06-13
JPS607029A (ja) 1985-01-14
DE3240800A1 (de) 1984-05-10
EP0110162A3 (en) 1986-10-01
CA1203275A (fr) 1986-04-15
DE3379999D1 (en) 1989-07-06
ATE43750T1 (de) 1989-06-15

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