EP0110162A2 - Relais électromagnétique - Google Patents

Relais électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0110162A2
EP0110162A2 EP83110830A EP83110830A EP0110162A2 EP 0110162 A2 EP0110162 A2 EP 0110162A2 EP 83110830 A EP83110830 A EP 83110830A EP 83110830 A EP83110830 A EP 83110830A EP 0110162 A2 EP0110162 A2 EP 0110162A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
contact
electromagnetic relay
pole
relay according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83110830A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0110162B1 (fr
EP0110162A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SAUER, HANS
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Works Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority to AT83110830T priority Critical patent/ATE43750T1/de
Publication of EP0110162A2 publication Critical patent/EP0110162A2/fr
Publication of EP0110162A3 publication Critical patent/EP0110162A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0110162B1 publication Critical patent/EP0110162B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2272—Polarised relays comprising rockable armature, rocking movement around central axis parallel to the main plane of the armature
    • H01H51/2281—Contacts rigidly combined with armature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic relay with at least one permanent magnet provided with pole pieces, a soft magnetic, contact-bearing or -giving armature, which cooperates with its ends with the pole pieces of the permanent magnet or magnets, the pole pieces being electrically insulated from one another and serving as fixed contacts and contact resting forces the permanent magnetic attraction.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a relay of the type mentioned at the outset which uses the entire available permanent magnetic force as contact force and is nevertheless distinguished by high sensitivity and stability against mechanical loads.
  • this object is achieved in that the anchor ends or the ends of the pole pieces to the magnetic poles facing away are provided with contact springs, the contact springs of-the them genden.Pol noten acro e or form anchor ends of pairs of contacts and in that during the switching process, a contact transfer first through the contact spring ( n) and that after the deflection of the actuated contact spring (s), the contacting end of the armature bears against the pole pieces.
  • the anchor rest force can be selected so that sufficient mechanical stability is given. Since the contact force stored in the springs counteracts the permanent magnetic force, excitation power only needs to be applied for the reduced armature rest force, which is also contact force, in the event of switching.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that the armature is rotatably mounted in the center of the bobbin in one of its axes of gravity. Both ends of the armature can be moved between pole shoes by permanent magnets arranged in the area of the end faces of the coil body.
  • this magnet system is characterized by high shock resistance and low inertia.
  • the simultaneous use of the pole shoes as fixed contacts means a significant simplification, the contact material coverings which may be provided at the same time acting as magnetic separating plates.
  • electrical insulation from the pole shoes is provided, with sintered oxide magnets, e.g. from barium oxide ferrite this is not necessary.
  • the ends of the armature lie against the pole pieces in the form of a line contact through a corresponding degree of freedom in the bearing, whereby provision is made for particularly reliable contacting, irrespective of otherwise provided resilient contacts.
  • An embodiment of the invention further consists in the fact that each end of the armature is widened relative to its central section and that two pole shoes lying next to one another in one plane, electrically insulated from one another, can be bridged electrically and magnetically by attachment of the armature end.
  • a permanent magnet is arranged in each end face of the coil body, in such a way that the two pole ends of the armature interact in each switching position with magnetic poles of the same name of the same name and that a yoke is provided, which has the same-named poles of the two permanent magnets on one side connects with each other.
  • a pole piece can be formed from the yoke for each end of the armature.
  • the contact springs are attached to the ends of the armature and extend transversely to its longitudinal extent.
  • a so-called bridge contact In connection with two pole pieces, which serve as fixed contacts, a working or a normally closed contact with a double break, a so-called bridge contact, is thus realized by a contact spring.
  • the double interruption is particularly advantageous for switching higher voltages or when a high dielectric strength is required between the contacts. Since with such an arrangement with a good armature / contact path ratio, a high percentage of the permanent magnetic attraction can be stored in the contact springs, this means that in connection with the relays according to the European.
  • the arrangement of the contact springs is preferably carried out in such a way that a contact spring is provided at each armature end and that these are each attached to the side of the ends of the armature which faces away from the pole shoes serving as fixed contacts, with which a reliable contact opening is achieved in a simple manner.
  • a contact spring is provided at each armature end and that these are each attached to the side of the ends of the armature which faces away from the pole shoes serving as fixed contacts, with which a reliable contact opening is achieved in a simple manner.
  • an opening to be provided in each pole piece which bears a contact spring on the side facing away from the associated permanent magnet, and for a contact mounted on the contact spring to protrude through this opening and out of the surface of the pole piece facing the armature emerges.
  • Forced contact opening can be realized in that the contact springs are forcibly lifted from the armature or its restoring force when the contact is separated in the immediate vicinity of the contact point.
  • the existing contact position for all contacts of the relay is retained, provided the welded contact point is not torn open by the force of the armature.
  • the tearing of the contact is promoted in that the contact spring is supported during the opening movement either on an edge of the armature end or on the edge of the opening in the pole piece. Since the distance from this support point to the contact point is relatively small in both cases, a stiff spring results, which either ensures that the armature stops or the welded contact breaks open.
  • the contact springs are biased towards the ends of the armature or the pole pieces.
  • the contact force is increased by the pretension from the first moment of contacting, the contact path being increased at the same time.
  • the desired spring preload is caused by warts stamped on the ends of the armature or the pole pieces.
  • an embodiment of the invention is that the contact springs and the areas of the pole shoes or the armature ends that cooperate with them are provided with erosion-resistant, the sections of the armature ends and pole shoes, in which mutual contact takes place, are provided with a noble metal contact material.
  • Tungsten for example, is used as a contact material that is resistant to erosion, and as precious metal gold.
  • the contact arrangement thus created is suitable for switching the smallest voltages and currents as well as large loads. Since the contact point given by the pole ends of the armature and the pole shoes opens in front of the contacts attached to the contact springs, the opening for the noble metal contacts is essentially stress-free and therefore free of wear. A switching arc that may occur only affects the wear-resistant contacts.
  • the entire attraction force of the permanent magnets used is used as a contact force, such that only the end of the armature, at which contact is made, rests against the associated pole shoe (s) and that the opposite end of the armature is separated from the pole shoe (s) associated with it by an air gap.
  • the armature mounting is tolerated so loosely that it does not absorb any contact forces in the end positions.
  • This type of anchor mounting only prevents undesired displacement of the anchor. Otherwise, this can swing out freely between the contact points, so that there are symmetrical relationships with respect to the contact forces at both anchor ends.
  • the electromagnetic relay shown in FIGS. 1-4 has a soft magnetic armature 1, which is rotatably mounted in the center of one of its heavy axes within a two-part coil former 2, 2 '.
  • bearing pins R are provided on the armature and half-shell bearing nests R 'in the coil former halves.
  • the two ends 3, 4 of the armature 1 are movable between pole pieces 5, 5 ', 6 and 7, 7', 8, respectively, of permanent magnets 9, 10 arranged in the region of the end faces of the coil body 2, 2 'and opposite the central section of the armature broadened.
  • the pole shoes 5, 5 'and 7, 7' which are located next to each other in one plane and are electrically insulated from one another, are arranged at a distance d from one another and at the same time serve as fixed contacts. They can easily be bridged electrically as well as magnetically by attaching the armature ends 3 and 4.
  • the end 3 touches the pole pieces 5, 5 'in a line at the point designated by 11 in FIG. 1.
  • the pole pieces 5, 5 'and 7, 7' are provided as fixed contacts with leads 15, 15 'and 17, 17'. Further connections 18, 18 'and 19, 19' are provided for the excitation coil (s) 20.
  • the permanent magnets 9, 10 are arranged in the end faces of the coil body 2, 2 'in such a way that the armature ends 3, 4 cooperate with magnetic poles of the same name in each switching position of the armature 1; in the illustrated case, the armature end 3 via the pole shoes 5, 5 'to the north pole of the permanent magnet 9 and the end 4 via the pole shoe 8 to the south pole of the permanent magnet 10.
  • contact springs 13, 14 are attached extending transversely to the longitudinal extension thereof, on the side facing away from the pole shoes 5, 5 'and 7, 7' serving as fixed contacts. These are preferably double contact springs riveted to the armature ends 3, 4, for example by cold deformation of a projection 16 stamped on the armature 1.
  • the contact springs 13, 14 become in the immediate vicinity due to the widening of the ends 3, 4 of the armature 1 when the contact opens the contact point and thus operated.
  • the contact springs 13, 14 are further biased towards the ends 3, 4 of the armature 1.
  • warts 21 are stamped on the ends 3, 4, which lift the springs 13, 14 off the pole shoes, so that longer contact paths and higher dielectric strength of the contacts result.
  • the warts are formed, for example, after the anchor has been punched out, by embossing the projections 16, that is to say without additional effort.
  • the contact springs 13, 14 at their free ends and the areas of the pole shoes interacting with them with erosion-resistant contact material 22, for.
  • B Tungsten, silver-cadmium oxide or silver-tin oxide, the ends 3, 4 of the armature 1 and the corresponding sections of the pole pieces 5, 5 'or 7, 7' with edemetallic, low-resistance contact material, e.g. Gold or silver.
  • edemetallic, low-resistance contact material e.g. Gold or silver.
  • the clock system can also be provided with a getter which keeps foreign layer-forming substances away from the contacts in the long term. For example, this can involve the evaporation of the plastics used, which is particularly effective in getting rid of the frequently used barium- or strontium oxide-based oxide magnets.
  • Fig. 5 shows the force curve for the relay shown in Fig. 1 to 4 depending on the anchor path s.
  • the anchor path s is on the abscissa, the forces are plotted on the ordinate.
  • the switching position shown in Fig. 1 corresponds to z. B.
  • the course of the permanent magnetic force F 1 is approximately square and has its maximum value both in position b (and a) when the armature end 3 bears against the pole pieces 5, 5 ', in the middle position of the Anchor, this force F 1 becomes zero.
  • the armature is also acted upon by the force F 2 of the prestressed contact spring 13, which counteracts the permanent magnetic force F 1 .
  • the entire tightening force F 1 of the permanent magnets 9, 10 is used as a contact force, in that the largest part is stored in the contact spring 13 as a force F 2 and the remaining force F 3 is used in the contacting by the armature end 3.
  • the force-path curve shown in FIG. 5 shows that in the present relay, with a good ratio of armature path s to contact path k, that is to say a large contact opening, at the same time a large part of the permanent magnetic attraction force F 1 can be stored in the contact springs 13 or 14. This results in high responsiveness with reliable, low-bounce contact.
  • the remaining actuating force F 3 of the armature as armature rest force and contact force at the same time, the maximum contact force is achieved in this embodiment while ensuring the required mechanical stability.
  • the relay shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 also has a soft magnetic armature 1.
  • This is rotatably mounted with loose play in the center of a one-piece coil former 2 in one of its axes of gravity.
  • the bearing is formed, for example, by a convex curvature 40 in the center of the armature and a corresponding concave indentation 41 in the center of the coil body.
  • the armature ends 3, 4 can be moved between pole pieces 5, 6 and 7, 8 by permanent magnets 9, 10 arranged in the region of the end faces of the coil body 2.
  • a contact spring 23, 24, 33, 34 with contacts 27, 37, 28, 38 is attached to each pole piece 5, 6, 7, 8 on the side facing away from the respectively associated permanent magnet 9, 10. As shown in FIG. 7, these are leaf springs which are fastened to the pole shoe with rivets 42. Depending on the cut of the springs, their contacts are connected in parallel and thus act as double contacts.
  • the pole pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 are also provided with openings 25, 26, 35, 36 through which the contacts 27, 28, 37, 38 protrude in order to come into contact with the armature ends 3, 4.
  • This structure gives long spring travel when the contact is made, given by the distance from the contact to the attachment of the spring by the rivet, which makes it possible to store a large part of the available permanent magnetic force and to make the relay sensitive the contact spring 23, 33, 24, 34 from the edge of the opening in the pole piece, so that only a short, stiff spring is effective.
  • the springs 23, 33, 24, 34 can also be biased against the pole pieces 5, 6, 7, 8.
  • the contact springs 23, 33, 24, 34 are also at the free ends of the relay according to FIGS , 37, 38 in the form of riveted, welded contacts or contact inserts.
  • the pole pieces 5, 6, 7, 8 and anchor ends 3, 4 are in the areas in which they lie directly against one another, be it in a planar system as shown in FIG. 6, be it in a line or multiple point contact with provided with noble metallic contact material.
  • the noble metal covering can completely cover the anchor as a galvanically applied layer, since it carries current.
  • the erosion-proof contact 27, 28, 37, 38 also serves as a preliminary contact, and the noble metal contact serves as the main contact, so that the advantages described there also occur here.
  • the loosely tolerated bearing 40, 41 of the armature 1 ensures that the armature 1 can level off between the contact points at its ends 3, 4. This ensures that the armature rests securely on the pole shoes 6, 7 and 5, 8 in each of its end positions. Since the bearing 40, 41 does not absorb any forces, the contact forces are the same at both anchor ends.
  • armature path s a good ratio of armature path s to contact path k, that is to say a large contact opening, is also achieved here, and at the same time a large part of the available permanent magnetic attraction force F 1 can be stored in the contact springs 33, 24 or 23, 34. This results in low-bounce contact with high sensitivity.
  • the remaining actuating force F 3 of the armature determines the mechanical stability of the relay and the level of the response power as armature rest force, since the armature rest force must be overcome when excited. By simultaneously using the anchor rest force as a contact force, it reaches its maximum value.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
EP83110830A 1982-11-04 1983-10-28 Relais électromagnétique Expired EP0110162B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83110830T ATE43750T1 (de) 1982-11-04 1983-10-28 Elektromagnetisches relais.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823240800 DE3240800A1 (de) 1982-11-04 1982-11-04 Elektromagnetisches relais
DE3240800 1982-11-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0110162A2 true EP0110162A2 (fr) 1984-06-13
EP0110162A3 EP0110162A3 (en) 1986-10-01
EP0110162B1 EP0110162B1 (fr) 1989-05-31

Family

ID=6177314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110830A Expired EP0110162B1 (fr) 1982-11-04 1983-10-28 Relais électromagnétique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4571566A (fr)
EP (1) EP0110162B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS607029A (fr)
AT (1) ATE43750T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1203275A (fr)
DE (2) DE3240800A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4688010A (en) * 1984-12-22 1987-08-18 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
JPH04149924A (ja) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-22 Nec Corp 電磁継電器
US5325079A (en) * 1993-01-21 1994-06-28 Kaloust P. Sogoian Electromagnetic relay with integral contacts
NL1008747C2 (nl) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-01 Holec Holland Nv Schakelaar met door een venster waarneembare contacten.
FR2849713B1 (fr) 2003-01-06 2006-02-17 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Pole de commutation pour appareil electromagnetique
US7839242B1 (en) * 2006-08-23 2010-11-23 National Semiconductor Corporation Magnetic MEMS switching regulator
US8193881B2 (en) 2007-09-14 2012-06-05 Fujitsu Component Limited Relay
US8354906B2 (en) * 2008-09-05 2013-01-15 Anden Co., Ltd. Electromagnetic relay
JP5560058B2 (ja) * 2010-01-26 2014-07-23 富士通コンポーネント株式会社 電磁継電器
CN203631430U (zh) * 2013-10-22 2014-06-04 艺美达工业电子有限公司 一种智能磁保持继电器
JP6458705B2 (ja) 2015-10-29 2019-01-30 オムロン株式会社 リレー
JP6471678B2 (ja) * 2015-10-29 2019-02-20 オムロン株式会社 接触片ユニット及びリレー
JP6414019B2 (ja) 2015-10-29 2018-10-31 オムロン株式会社 リレー
RU182067U1 (ru) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-02 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "СибГИУ") Электромагнитное реле

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1894372U (de) * 1964-03-26 1964-06-11 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh Schaltgeraet, insbesondere luftschuetz fuer hohe einschaltstromspitzen.
US3327262A (en) * 1966-02-17 1967-06-20 Cutler Hammer Inc Sealed switches
GB1121916A (en) * 1965-09-30 1968-07-31 Siemens Ag Improvements in or relating to magnetically-actuated polarised switching devices
US3921107A (en) * 1973-06-30 1975-11-18 Elmeg Electro-magnetic relay
US3987383A (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-10-19 Sds-Elektro Gmbh Electromagnetic switching device
US4032871A (en) * 1975-02-17 1977-06-28 Hans Sauer Carrier for circuit elements having contact-making terminals
DE2607669A1 (de) * 1976-02-25 1977-09-08 Siemens Ag Relaiskontaktpatrone mit betaetigungszusatz
US4342016A (en) * 1979-08-20 1982-07-27 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Transfer-type electromagnetic relay comprising a coil around a housing of the relay and an armature carrying movable contacts at both ends

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2718568A (en) * 1952-08-19 1955-09-20 Connecticut Valley Entpr Inc Rotary type relays
DE1145274B (de) * 1959-06-06 1963-03-14 Schaltbau Gmbh Elektromagnetisches Relais mit stromfuehrendem Anker
DE7740378U1 (de) * 1976-11-15 1981-05-27 Iskra ZP Ljubljana o.sub. o., Ljubljana Elektromagnetisches Relais
EP0013991B2 (fr) * 1979-01-25 1988-06-08 EURO-Matsushita Electric Works Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif à ressorts de contact pour relais électromagnétiques polarisés

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1894372U (de) * 1964-03-26 1964-06-11 Stotz Kontakt Gmbh Schaltgeraet, insbesondere luftschuetz fuer hohe einschaltstromspitzen.
GB1121916A (en) * 1965-09-30 1968-07-31 Siemens Ag Improvements in or relating to magnetically-actuated polarised switching devices
US3327262A (en) * 1966-02-17 1967-06-20 Cutler Hammer Inc Sealed switches
US3921107A (en) * 1973-06-30 1975-11-18 Elmeg Electro-magnetic relay
US3987383A (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-10-19 Sds-Elektro Gmbh Electromagnetic switching device
US4032871A (en) * 1975-02-17 1977-06-28 Hans Sauer Carrier for circuit elements having contact-making terminals
DE2607669A1 (de) * 1976-02-25 1977-09-08 Siemens Ag Relaiskontaktpatrone mit betaetigungszusatz
US4342016A (en) * 1979-08-20 1982-07-27 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Transfer-type electromagnetic relay comprising a coil around a housing of the relay and an armature carrying movable contacts at both ends

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE43750T1 (de) 1989-06-15
EP0110162B1 (fr) 1989-05-31
EP0110162A3 (en) 1986-10-01
DE3379999D1 (en) 1989-07-06
CA1203275A (fr) 1986-04-15
JPS607029A (ja) 1985-01-14
DE3240800A1 (de) 1984-05-10
US4571566A (en) 1986-02-18

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