EP0108939A2 - Charge fumigène et procédé pour la production d'un brouillard opaque aux ondes visibles et infrarouges - Google Patents

Charge fumigène et procédé pour la production d'un brouillard opaque aux ondes visibles et infrarouges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108939A2
EP0108939A2 EP83110261A EP83110261A EP0108939A2 EP 0108939 A2 EP0108939 A2 EP 0108939A2 EP 83110261 A EP83110261 A EP 83110261A EP 83110261 A EP83110261 A EP 83110261A EP 0108939 A2 EP0108939 A2 EP 0108939A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mist
powder
ignition
sets
fog
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83110261A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0108939A3 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pyrotechnische Fabrik F Feistel GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Pyrotechnische Fabrik F Feistel GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pyrotechnische Fabrik F Feistel GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pyrotechnische Fabrik F Feistel GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0108939A2 publication Critical patent/EP0108939A2/fr
Publication of EP0108939A3 publication Critical patent/EP0108939A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
    • F42B4/24—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes characterised by having plural successively-ignited charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/145—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B5/15—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances for creating a screening or decoy effect, e.g. using radar chaff or infrared material

Definitions

  • An object of the invention is to provide a device with which it is possible to produce a mist which is both optically opaque and IR-absorbing, the IR-absorbing component having a longer-lasting effect.
  • the effect of the device is probably as follows:
  • the missile mist blower fires on its trajectory (or also lying on the ground) the detonating primer for the optically effective fog set. This is broken down into many small particles that fall onto the floor and thereby generate fog and heat. This creates a large number of small upwind fields.
  • the IR set is a metal powder and the optical mist mixture consists of pressed bodies which are layered on top of one another and provided with slits, the slits forming a channel for receiving the ignition charge.
  • the present invention provides for a mist set, here the powder, to be accommodated in a separate container in the can, separate from the optical mist set.
  • This container has a central pipe socket for receiving the primer.
  • a lamellar powder preferably copper powder
  • This powder is on the market and has a specific surface area of 3200 to 16,000 cm 2 / g and a diameter of 1.9 to 0.45 ⁇ m.
  • the lamellar structure of the particles has a particularly favorable effect.
  • a separating agent such as ammonium phosphate, Teflon and highly disperse silica alone or in combination.
  • Another object of the present invention is to increase the effectiveness of the smoke screens produced.
  • the separate containers can contain different amounts of mist sets, in particular several pyrotechnic sets can be combined with several metal powder sets.
  • the engine fires the first sentence in flight. This is blown off and explosively distributes the fog set with good spherical characteristics on all sides. After the delay in the following sentence has burned down, it is ignited, and so on up to the first sentence.
  • a known set consisting of approx. 60% perchlorate and 40% metal powder such as aluminum and magnesium can be used as the ignition charge for the powder.
  • mist set can also be constructed in a manner known per se on the basis of red phosphorus (see above), which can also be processed into pressed bodies with the aid of suitable binders.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for so-called proximity protection.
  • Lamellar copper with a surface according to Fisher between 3200 and 16,000 cm 2 / g was chosen as the powder component. This corresponds to diameters of the powder particles from 1.9 to 0.4 ⁇ m. About 0.5 percent by weight of highly disperse silica was mixed into the copper powder. The disassembly kit for this infrared mist consisted of 60 percent by weight ammonium perchlorate and 40 percent by weight magnesium / aluminum powder mixture.
  • the optical mist set was produced as follows: A batch of 2.2 kg PVC powder, 3.3 kg zinc oxide (dried), 2.2 kg ammonium chloride and 2.64 kg thiourea is passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm pressed and then mixed intensively. The batch is then introduced into a kneading machine and pasted for 15 minutes with 2.4 kg (based on the test specimen) of a highly viscous elastomer binder. After the kneading process has ended, ammonium perchlorate processed in the same sieving process is added in an amount of 7.26 kg.
  • This mixture is kneaded for a further 15 minutes, then spread out on trays and subsequently dried at a temperature of 45 ° C. for 6 hours.
  • the dry mass obtained is then comminuted in a grating machine and finally compressed to pressed bodies under a pressure of about 100 bar.
  • This disassembling primer is ideal for a targeted, controlled disassembly of the pressed body.
  • the metal powder was poured into the container and the ignition charge provided for this purpose was placed in the central tube of the container.
  • the container was placed in the can above the optical fog charge and the can was closed with a lid.
  • the ignition head was screwed under the can and the pyrotechnic charge was ignited.
  • the throwing body consists of the can 5 with the ignition head 9 and cover 10.
  • the ignition head 9 contains a powder chamber 11 and a deceleration set 12.
  • the optical mist set 1 which consists of slotted tablets stacked on top of one another.
  • the slots of the tablets are aligned with each other so that a crossed channel for receiving the detonating primer 3 is created.
  • the container 7 is pushed into the can 5 via this fog set 1 and locked with the aid of a bayonet lock 13.
  • the container 7 is a cylindrical body with a centrally arranged tube 6, which is closed at the bottom with the aid of a film 8.
  • the container 7 contains the powder 2; in the tube 6 a detonating ignition 4 is accommodated.
  • This structure has manufacturing advantages. However, it is also possible to assign the powder container 7 to the ignition head 9 and to layer the mist tablets over it. Since the ignition process is extremely fast, there are no significant differences.
  • F ig. 2 shows the slit nebulizer tablets to be used.
  • the structure of the body is weakened. As shown in FIGS. 2c and 2d, the structure tears particularly easily here.
  • the explosion of the detonating ignition charge 3, 4 can thus throw away more compact particles, which when burned up form the individual stationary sources of wind for the powder suspended therein.
  • By the distances of the fog sources from each other there is sufficient temperature difference between the surrounding air and the quasi-adiabatically rising fog "pillars". In other words, there is a very uneven temperature profile in the fog.
  • mists which are created by burning or expelling them from a single source, on the other hand, have a very uniform temperature profile in which, due to the lack of potential, no thermals can develop. As a whole, this mist acts like an adiabatic bubble.
  • Fig. 3 shows the structure of the optical mist set 1 in a can 5 in the form of stacked tablets, in the slots of which the detonating primer 3 is inserted.
  • the edge of the can 5 naturally extends higher than shown here and holds the powder container 7.
  • Fig. 4 shows the combination of a multiple charge with pyrotechnic mists.
  • the first fog set 1 is contained in the can 5. Above it and connected to it, the second fog set 1 is located in the separate container 7.
  • the can 5 and the container 7 are separated from one another in an explosion-protected manner by a separating disc 14 in such a way that the disassembly of the fog set 1 contained in the can 5 does not affect those above.
  • a delay 15 is arranged in the cutting disc 14.
  • Fig. 4 shows two charges. It is of course possible to connect three or more separate throwing bodies to one another, metal powder sets also being able to be interposed.
  • FIG. 5 shows the arrangement according to the invention in a rocket. This consists of the engine 16, the missile head 19 and a support structure shown here as three webs 17.
  • a metal powder set and two separate pyrotechnic fog sets 18 are shown as examples.
  • the webs 17 can be embedded in the container walls, as can be seen in the sectional drawing. They are mounted in disks 20 and connect the head 19 to the motor 16.
  • the number of sentences is not limited to the three shown, but additional sentences can be added if necessary. It is particularly advantageous to install the metal powder sets mentioned above between them.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
EP83110261A 1982-10-16 1983-10-14 Charge fumigène et procédé pour la production d'un brouillard opaque aux ondes visibles et infrarouges Withdrawn EP0108939A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3238455A DE3238455C2 (de) 1982-10-16 1982-10-16 Nebelwurfkörper
DE3238455 1982-10-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0108939A2 true EP0108939A2 (fr) 1984-05-23
EP0108939A3 EP0108939A3 (fr) 1985-07-03

Family

ID=6175930

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110261A Withdrawn EP0108939A3 (fr) 1982-10-16 1983-10-14 Charge fumigène et procédé pour la production d'un brouillard opaque aux ondes visibles et infrarouges

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4622899A (fr)
EP (1) EP0108939A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3238455C2 (fr)
NO (1) NO833740L (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0157421A2 (fr) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-09 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Projectile fumigène
FR2612287A1 (fr) * 1987-03-12 1988-09-16 France Etat Armement Projectile fumigene et munition ainsi equipee
EP0357412A2 (fr) * 1988-09-01 1990-03-07 Astra Holdings Plc Article fumigène
DE4101392A1 (de) * 1991-01-18 1992-07-23 Buck Chem Tech Werke Moerserpatrone mit nebelsatz
US5233927A (en) * 1989-05-10 1993-08-10 Raufoss A/S Arrangement in a smoke camouflage system
WO1995006230A1 (fr) * 1993-08-25 1995-03-02 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Obus fumigene
WO1995011871A1 (fr) * 1993-10-29 1995-05-04 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Composition pyrotechnique fumigene a des fins de camouflage et son utilisation dans un corps fumigene
FR2763120A1 (fr) * 1997-05-09 1998-11-13 Buck Chem Tech Werke Corps de sous-munition pour la production de brouillard
WO2000058238A1 (fr) * 1999-03-27 2000-10-05 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Composition nebuleuse pyrotechnique destinee a produire un aerosol impenetrable dans la plage spectrale visible, des infrarouges et des ondes millimetriques
EP0973006A3 (fr) * 1998-07-15 2001-04-04 Buck Neue Technologien GmbH Projectile à destruction contrôlée comportant une deuxième charge intégrée dans une première charge utile
DE102005020159A1 (de) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Tarn- und Täuschmunition zum Schutz von Objekten gegen Lenkflugkörper
DE102009030869A1 (de) * 2009-06-26 2011-02-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Wirkkörper
EP1371934B1 (fr) 2002-06-12 2016-01-13 NEXTER Munitions Munition de masquage
DE102020103249A1 (de) 2020-02-10 2021-08-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zum Schützen eines Helikopters durch Nebelwurf und Helikopter mit Nebelschutzsystem

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH674742A5 (fr) * 1987-12-24 1990-07-13 Eidgenoess Munitionsfab Thun
NO171750C (no) * 1991-01-21 1993-04-28 Raufoss As Anordning ved roeykgranat
US5522320A (en) * 1993-07-12 1996-06-04 Thiokol Corporation Low-toxicity obscuring smoke formulation
US5531930A (en) * 1994-04-12 1996-07-02 Israel Institute For Biological Research Aluminum metal composition flake having reduced coating
DE19548436C1 (de) * 1995-12-22 1997-06-26 Buck Chem Tech Werke Schnellnebelhandgranate
US5661257A (en) * 1996-01-16 1997-08-26 Thiokol Corporation Multispectral covert target marker
NO307154B1 (no) * 1998-08-17 2000-02-14 Raufoss Tech As Ívelsesrakett for roekutvikling
DE10226507A1 (de) * 2002-06-14 2003-12-24 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh Nebelwurfkörper
SE525519C2 (sv) * 2003-02-10 2005-03-01 Saab Ab Förfarande för att framställa värmegenerande motmedel, samt förpackning med värmegenerande motmedel
DE102010026641A1 (de) 2010-07-09 2012-01-12 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Nebelwurfkörper
US8776691B2 (en) * 2012-06-04 2014-07-15 Csi-Penn Arms, Llc Launched smoke grenade
JP6585461B2 (ja) * 2015-10-20 2019-10-02 株式会社ダイセル 煙幕発生器
JP6563773B2 (ja) * 2015-10-20 2019-08-21 株式会社ダイセル 煙幕発生器

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1292149A (fr) * 1961-06-14 1962-04-27 Schermuly Pistol Rocket App Engin pyrotechnique de signalisation, en particulier fumigène
FR1553052A (fr) * 1967-11-28 1969-01-10
DE1287974B (fr) * 1969-01-23
US3726226A (en) * 1971-08-31 1973-04-10 Us Army Universal smoke marking grenade for dry and inundated areas
FR2331769A1 (fr) * 1975-11-14 1977-06-10 Luchaire Sa Grenade fumigene
DE2556256A1 (de) * 1975-12-13 1977-06-16 Nico Pyrotechnik Pyrotechnische nebelsaetze
GB2000575A (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-01-10 Nico Pyrotechnik Method for the production of a fog-like cloud for camouflage
DE2908116A1 (de) * 1978-03-08 1979-09-13 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Nebeldose
FR2436363A1 (fr) * 1978-09-15 1980-04-11 Lacroix E Cartouche a plusieurs charges de leurres distinctes
FR2466743A1 (fr) * 1979-09-28 1981-04-10 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Obus fumigene
EP0037515A2 (fr) * 1980-03-29 1981-10-14 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Nuage de fumée composite
EP0046230A2 (fr) * 1980-08-20 1982-02-24 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Charge pyrotechnique fumigène enveloppée, sa composition et son procédé de fabrication

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2502442A (en) * 1945-06-14 1950-04-04 John C Driskell Colored smoke bomb
US4484195A (en) * 1960-06-10 1984-11-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method of screening infra-red radiation
US3542610A (en) * 1969-01-21 1970-11-24 Dow Chemical Co Composition for the pyrotechnic dissemination of screening oil smokes
US3881420A (en) * 1971-09-23 1975-05-06 Ensign Bickford Co Smoke cord
GB1424523A (en) * 1972-05-05 1976-02-11 Albright & Wilson Phosphorus-containing compositions
DE2509539A1 (de) * 1975-03-05 1976-12-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag Ein- oder mehrkomponenten-ausstossvorrichtung zum erzeugen von kuenstlichen schutzwolken
SE418495B (sv) * 1978-03-31 1981-06-09 Lennart Holm Anvendning av partiklar av aktivt kol i aerosoler avsedda for stralningsabsorption serskilt inom ir-omradet

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1287974B (fr) * 1969-01-23
FR1292149A (fr) * 1961-06-14 1962-04-27 Schermuly Pistol Rocket App Engin pyrotechnique de signalisation, en particulier fumigène
FR1553052A (fr) * 1967-11-28 1969-01-10
US3726226A (en) * 1971-08-31 1973-04-10 Us Army Universal smoke marking grenade for dry and inundated areas
FR2331769A1 (fr) * 1975-11-14 1977-06-10 Luchaire Sa Grenade fumigene
DE2556256A1 (de) * 1975-12-13 1977-06-16 Nico Pyrotechnik Pyrotechnische nebelsaetze
GB2000575A (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-01-10 Nico Pyrotechnik Method for the production of a fog-like cloud for camouflage
DE2908116A1 (de) * 1978-03-08 1979-09-13 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Nebeldose
FR2436363A1 (fr) * 1978-09-15 1980-04-11 Lacroix E Cartouche a plusieurs charges de leurres distinctes
FR2466743A1 (fr) * 1979-09-28 1981-04-10 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Obus fumigene
EP0037515A2 (fr) * 1980-03-29 1981-10-14 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Nuage de fumée composite
EP0046230A2 (fr) * 1980-08-20 1982-02-24 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Charge pyrotechnique fumigène enveloppée, sa composition et son procédé de fabrication

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0157421A2 (fr) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-09 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Projectile fumigène
EP0157421A3 (en) * 1984-04-03 1986-09-10 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel Gmbh + Co Kg Smoke-producing projectile
FR2612287A1 (fr) * 1987-03-12 1988-09-16 France Etat Armement Projectile fumigene et munition ainsi equipee
EP0293273A1 (fr) * 1987-03-12 1988-11-30 GIAT Industries Projectile fumigène et munition ainsi équipée
EP0357412A2 (fr) * 1988-09-01 1990-03-07 Astra Holdings Plc Article fumigène
EP0357412A3 (fr) * 1988-09-01 1992-03-18 Astra Holdings Plc Article fumigène
US5233927A (en) * 1989-05-10 1993-08-10 Raufoss A/S Arrangement in a smoke camouflage system
DE4101392A1 (de) * 1991-01-18 1992-07-23 Buck Chem Tech Werke Moerserpatrone mit nebelsatz
WO1995006230A1 (fr) * 1993-08-25 1995-03-02 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Obus fumigene
WO1995011871A1 (fr) * 1993-10-29 1995-05-04 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Composition pyrotechnique fumigene a des fins de camouflage et son utilisation dans un corps fumigene
FR2763120A1 (fr) * 1997-05-09 1998-11-13 Buck Chem Tech Werke Corps de sous-munition pour la production de brouillard
EP0973006A3 (fr) * 1998-07-15 2001-04-04 Buck Neue Technologien GmbH Projectile à destruction contrôlée comportant une deuxième charge intégrée dans une première charge utile
WO2000058238A1 (fr) * 1999-03-27 2000-10-05 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Composition nebuleuse pyrotechnique destinee a produire un aerosol impenetrable dans la plage spectrale visible, des infrarouges et des ondes millimetriques
US6578492B1 (en) 1999-03-27 2003-06-17 Pepete Gmbh Pyrotechnic smoke screen units for producing an aerosol impenetrable in the visible, infrared and millimetric wave range
EP1371934B1 (fr) 2002-06-12 2016-01-13 NEXTER Munitions Munition de masquage
EP1371934B2 (fr) † 2002-06-12 2022-08-31 NEXTER Munitions Munition de masquage
DE102005020159A1 (de) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Tarn- und Täuschmunition zum Schutz von Objekten gegen Lenkflugkörper
DE102005020159B4 (de) * 2005-04-29 2007-10-04 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Tarn- und Täuschmunition zum Schutz von Objekten gegen Lenkflugkörper
DE102009030869A1 (de) * 2009-06-26 2011-02-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Wirkkörper
DE102020103249A1 (de) 2020-02-10 2021-08-12 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zum Schützen eines Helikopters durch Nebelwurf und Helikopter mit Nebelschutzsystem
DE102020103249B4 (de) 2020-02-10 2022-02-03 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zum Schützen eines Helikopters durch Nebelwurf und Helikopter mit Nebelschutzsystem

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4622899A (en) 1986-11-18
DE3238455C2 (de) 1987-03-05
EP0108939A3 (fr) 1985-07-03
DE3238455A1 (de) 1984-04-19
NO833740L (no) 1984-04-17

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