EP0102645B1 - Procédé de broyage et broyeur à rouleaux pour la réalisation dudit procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de broyage et broyeur à rouleaux pour la réalisation dudit procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0102645B1
EP0102645B1 EP83108776A EP83108776A EP0102645B1 EP 0102645 B1 EP0102645 B1 EP 0102645B1 EP 83108776 A EP83108776 A EP 83108776A EP 83108776 A EP83108776 A EP 83108776A EP 0102645 B1 EP0102645 B1 EP 0102645B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
path
milling
milling path
grinding
rollers
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Expired
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EP83108776A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0102645A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin H. Dipl.-Ing. Gygi
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT83108776T priority Critical patent/ATE26804T1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C15/02—Centrifugal pendulum-type mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C15/06—Mills with rollers forced against the interior of a rotary ring, e.g. under spring action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C2015/002—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs combined with a classifier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grinding process, the material to be ground being distributed evenly over the circumference of a circular grinding path and entering into it and being crushed under the action of at least one rolling body rolling along this path, as well as a pan mill and a roller mill for carrying out this method.
  • regrind is fed through a peripheral feed opening at a point above the grinding track. It gets into the grinding chamber from the side, is partly gripped by the grinding rollers and partly falls uncrushed between them into a collecting container that also holds the shredded material. From there, the regrind is thrown upwards into the area of the rotating grinding rollers according to CH-PS 406 795 by means of rotating blades. An air stream that passes through the entire grinding chamber from bottom to top leads the sufficiently shredded material upwards.
  • mills of this type as are also shown in US Pat. No. 1,499,516 and US Pat. No.
  • the ground material is thrown around the grinding chamber in a relatively uncontrolled manner.
  • material that has already been shredded and is still in the grinding chamber is repeatedly captured by the grinding rollers.
  • the grinding process is therefore carried out with high friction, which is caused by the displacement of the ground material and the internal friction that occurs under the influence of the grinding rollers.
  • the one-sided regrind and the uncontrolled movements of the regrind in the grinding chamber also lead to less than optimal efficiency of the grinding process and increased wear.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a grinding process and a roll mill of the type mentioned at the outset, which do not have the disadvantages explained and result in a grinding process with a controlled material flow.
  • acceleration forces act on the grinding stock, which impart an entry speed into the grinding path which is directed transversely to the grinding path and which is matched to the rolling body speed in such a way that essentially every grinding material piece is gripped by the rolling body at least once is and that in the area of the grinding track a transverse air stream is generated, by means of which crushed ground material is led away from the grinding track.
  • the mill is preferably designed as a roller mill with a plurality of grinding rollers which are suspended from a central axis and can be rolled under pressure on a cylindrical lateral surface which is concentric with the axis and forms a grinding path, and with a distribution device arranged above the grinding path for evenly distributing the ground material over the circumference the grinding path and for the continuous introduction of the same in a direction approximately parallel to the roller axes into the grinding path and a device for generating an air flow, air guide walls being provided which are arranged parallel to the grinding path and form an air gap with it, through which the air flow transversely is guided over the grinding path, the air guide walls having openings for the grinding rollers, through which they protrude into the air gap, and that the grinding path is arranged in such a way that the ground material exits the grinding path after detection by the grinding rollers.
  • the procedure according to the invention has the effect that the conventional grinding process with displacement and compression of the ground material is essentially replaced by a breaking process which takes place uniformly and in a controlled manner along the grinding path. This is attributed to the controlled feeding of the material into the grinding track and the removal of the shredded material by means of a directed air flow from the area of the grinding track. This enables a very thin grinding bed to be achieved with a relatively high throughput. The rolling resistance of the grinding rollers and the energy consumption of the mill can be reduced and their efficiency improved.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a first construction variant to explain the principle.
  • a central axis 1 which is designed as a drive star 2 at its upper end, a plurality of grinding rollers 3 with vertically aligned axes are pivotably mounted on pivot arms 4.
  • the grinding rollers 3, which are driven by the drive star 2, run along a horizontal grinding path on a cylindrical outer surface 5 and are pressed against them by centrifugal force or, if necessary, additionally by hydraulics or pneumatics.
  • a housing 6 is arranged above the drive star 2 and the mowing rollers 3, which rotates with it and leaves an annular channel open laterally against the lateral surface 5, the function of which will be explained below. Through openings 7 in the housing 6, the grinding rollers emerge laterally therefrom.
  • the possibly pre-comminuted ground material entering the mill first passes centrally to a spreading plate 11 which acts as a distribution device and is preferably formed by the top of the housing 6.
  • the ground material is placed in the center of the spreading plate 11 and is distributed over the spreading plate 11 in such a way that it is conveyed outwards under the action of the centrifugal force and is thrown radially away from it.
  • the spreading plate 11 can be provided with essentially tangential ribs or a corresponding border 12 (FIGS. 4 and 6), so that a regrind layer forms over the plate 11, via which the further regrind rolls outwards. The wear of the spreading plate 11 can thus be reduced.
  • the ground material which is fed continuously to the spreading plate 11, is distributed evenly along the periphery of the spreading plate in this way. It thereby reaches an annular surface 14, which is adjustable along the periphery above the grinding track (FIG. 2).
  • the purpose of this is to catch the material thrown away by the spreading disc and to guide it into the grinding path at a defined falling speed.
  • the annular surface is formed by a horizontal annular shoulder 14 above the grinding track.
  • the regrind deposited on it forms a cone (FIG. 2), from which the further material is then taken up in operation to roll down and finally reach the grinding area in free fall.
  • the grinding process runs evenly over the entire circumference.
  • the pieces falling into the grinding path from above are gripped by one of the grinding rollers 3 and subjected to a compressive stress between the latter and the outer surface 5, which leads to their bursting.
  • the fragments are then removed from the grinding path, and at the same time a separation of fragments from a certain grain size takes place by means of an air stream.
  • the air flow can be directed both from bottom to top (FIG. 1) and in the opposite direction (FIGS. 2 and 4), the last-mentioned embodiment having the advantage that the ground material enters the grinding path with the air flow, which is why Fall height can be reduced and the removal effect of the fine material is better, since it does not take place against the gravitation.
  • the heavy pieces fall from the grinding path into a collecting device 8 (FIG. 2), while the lighter pieces are carried along by the air flow and are removed and collected through an exhaust air duct.
  • shock absorbers (not shown) can be arranged between the swivel arms 4 and the corresponding legs of the driving star in order to dampen any jumping of the grinding rollers. Depending on the regrind, this is superfluous, since this itself takes over this function. If very high contact forces are required for special applications, additional hydraulic-pneumatic elements can be provided for this.
  • the material to be ground is partially screened in the area of the grinding path using an air stream.
  • the air flow is generated by a fan (not shown). It enters the grinding chamber through suitable openings and flows through the relatively narrow space between the rotating housing 6 and the lateral surface 5 over the grinding path, since the remaining part of the cross section is closed by the housing 6.
  • This allows a relatively high air speed to be achieved in the area of the grinding track with a relatively low fan output.
  • cover plates 29 between the grinding rollers 3 (FIG. 6), with which a further reduction in the grinding bed thickness can be achieved, with the possibility that relatively large pieces of the grinding path can enter the grinding path.
  • the separation effect in particular the fineness of the shredded ground material, can be adjusted.
  • the air flow has little influence on the uncrushed ground material when it enters the grinding path, even if its free fall is slowed down when the air flow is directed upwards (FIG. 1).
  • Each grinding roller 3 is suspended from a column 17 pivotably mounted on the housing 6.
  • the housing 6 is closed, but has openings 18 on the underside, in particular in the region of its periphery, for releasing pieces of regrind which have penetrated through the roller openings 7.
  • the spreading plate 11 with tangential strips 12 is arranged above the housing, as already explained above.
  • the height of the annular shoulder 14 is adjustable in order to adjust the drop height of the ground material and thus the initial speed V of the ground material as it enters the grinding path. This enables the number of revolutions of the grinding rollers and the grinding material speed V o to be optimally adjusted.
  • the rotating inner area is driven by a disk 22 which is connected to the housing 6 and the rotating discharge tube 15 by elements 23 transmitting torque.
  • the air for generating the air flow in the area of the grinding path is sucked in through air inlets 27 arranged centrally in the area of the discharge pipe 15.
  • the air flow through the grinding track can be controlled by an adjusting device 25 arranged on the underside.
  • the air loaded with ground material comes out of the mill through outlet 15, to which a fan (not shown) is connected, for further processing.
  • the arrangement is such that there is a slight negative pressure in the inside of the mill compared to the surroundings, so that no grinding dust escapes to the outside.
  • the rotation of the air flow receives a tangential component, so that this space also acts as a cyclone.
  • the air flow flows through the grinding area from top to bottom and has an accelerating effect on the material falling from the annular shoulder 14, so that the drop height can be reduced or the material throughput can be increased (with a correspondingly increased speed of the grinding rollers according to FIG relationships given above).
  • the space below the housing 6 with the central discharge pipe 15 also serves as an air classifier for the material carried by the air flow.
  • the grinding rollers 3 can have a circumferentially grooved working surface, in particular for high rotational speeds, in order to reduce the air displacement in the rollers. Furthermore, a section 26 of smaller diameter can be provided in the upper region of each grinding roller 3, which section serves as a primary crusher for pieces of larger size that may be present in the material to be ground.
  • the described devices are operated continuously, i.e. a flow of regrind is continuously fed through the feed opening, which is distributed over the circumference and falls into the grinding path there.
  • the speed of the grinding rollers is adjusted in relation to the falling speed of the grinding material so that each piece of the grinding material is gripped by a grinding roller at least once.
  • the fineness of the ground material is adjusted with the air speed.
  • the material that has not yet been sufficiently shredded during the first grinding cycle can be returned to the feed opening. If larger throughputs are to be achieved, a plurality of mills which are coordinated with one another can be arranged one behind the other, the regrinding material emerging downwards being fed to the next stage, which can be dimensioned correspondingly smaller (FIG. 4).
  • FIG. 3 shows a further type of mill, which realizes the method according to the invention, in the form of a Schollergangs shown schematically.
  • the rollers 35 are arranged in a stationary manner in a housing 30 and roll on a rotating turntable 31, which both acts as a distribution device and forms the grinding track.
  • An air gap is formed between the housing 30 and the grinding path thus formed, through which an air stream flows radially inwards in order to discharge the ground material, which has been sufficiently finely comminuted, from the grinding path.
  • the regrind laden air passes through air ducts to a discharge pipe 32 to which a fan is connected.
  • Air passages 33 are provided on the side of the housing 30 and can be adjusted such that the desired proportion of air flows through the air gap in the grinding path.
  • a metering device 34 for introducing the ground material to prevent the escape of air is arranged centrally above the rotating plate 31, e.g. in the form of a wing cross.
  • the ground material arrives centrally on the turntable 31 and is distributed there over the turntable by the centrifugal forces that occur.
  • the regrind enters the grinding path at a radial speed influenced by the rotational speed, such that each regrind piece is gripped by one of the rollers 35 at least once. Pieces which have not been comminuted sufficiently reach the outside and fall over the edge of the plate into a receiving device, from which they are in turn fed to the metering device.
  • the space above the housing 30, together with the central discharge pipe 32, serves as an air classifier, whereby the air flow in the area is caused to rotate by vanes 36.
  • a multi-stage cement roller mill is described, which works according to the principle explained above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the multi-stage mill has an impact crusher 40 and two grinding stages 41 and 42, all of which are arranged on a common axis 45.
  • the axis 45 is driven at its upper end via a gear 44 or directly by an electric motor 43 and is supported at its ends.
  • the material entering the mill through an upper filler neck 46 with a piece diameter of max. Approx. 15 cm from a corresponding primary crusher first reaches a rotating spreading plate 47, as indicated by a double arrow.
  • FIG 5 is shown schematically partly in section. It has two massive baffles 49 pivotally attached to the axis and an outer ring provided with baffle surfaces 50, against which the fragments of the pieces gripped by one of the baffles are thrown in order to be further crushed there.
  • the height of the shoulder 48 above the path of the baffle vanes is coordinated with their number of revolutions and height in such a way that each piece is grasped, as already explained above in connection with the grinding process.
  • the material released from the impact crusher has a max. Piece size of about 1 cm and passes over a further shoulder 52, on which a cone of material is formed, onto the spreading plate 11 of the first mill 41 and from there onto the ring surface 14.
  • a height-adjustable wall 53 behind which there is a contact on the ring surface Forming cone, allows the drop height of the material to be adjusted into the grinding path, as explained, where it is gripped by one of the two grinding rollers 3 arranged in the housing 6 (FIG. 6). Between the grinding rollers 6 cover plates 29 (FIG. 6) are arranged on the housing, which concentrate the air flow crossing the mill onto the grinding bed. The grinding process takes place in the manner described.
  • an air inlet or outlet arrangement 55 which serves to control the air throughput and can be connected to the fan.
  • the air flow through the mill which is indicated by simple arrows and runs from top to bottom, is generated by a fan (not shown) arranged on the outlet side.
  • the air is sucked in through the filler neck and first crosses the first grinding stage 41.
  • part of the air flow can be drawn off or air can be supplied through the inlet and outlet arrangement 55.
  • the air flow in the second grinding stage is weakened, in the second case the air flow in the first grinding stage. Based on the fact that there is a constant pressure drop across the entire mill, its proportions can be adjusted in this way over the individual grinding stages.
  • a second filler neck 56 for regrind is also provided, which comes from the air classifier to which the regrind is fed.
  • This material which has not yet reached the desired fineness, is fed together with the starting material of the first grinding stage to the spreading plate 11 'of the second grinding stage 42, which essentially corresponds to the first and therefore does not need to be described in detail here.
  • the air flow through this stage can be adjusted to the increased fineness, as explained.
  • the mill is operated continuously by adapting the continuously supplied amount of material to the speed of rotation and the finer fraction returned to the lower grinding stage.
  • the method according to the invention and explained on the basis of several exemplary embodiments results in lower energy consumption than known grinding methods in that the ground material is continuously removed from the grinding path.
  • the controlled material flows inside the mill mean that the optimal amount of material for effective grinding is available in the grinding area and the grinding rollers only have to do a little displacement work.
  • the guidance of the air flow allows the use of less energy-consuming fans.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Claims (10)

1.- Procédé de broyage où la matière à broyer répartie sur le pourtour d'une voie de broyage circulaire pénètre dans celle-ci et est fractionnée sous l'action d'au moins un corps cylindrique roulant le long de cette voie, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'entrée dans la voie de broyage, des forces d'accélération agissent sur la matière à broyer, forces qui communiquent à celle-ci une vitesse d'entrée dans la voie de broyage, dirigée transversalement par rapport à la voie de broyage, cette vitesse étant accordée sur la vitesse des corps cylindriques de façon telle qu'en principe chaque morceau de matière à broyer soit saisi au moins une fois par le corps cylindrique et que, dans la région de la voie de broyage soit engendré un courant d'air dirigé transversalement à celle-ci, au moyen duquel la matière à broyer fractionnée est éliminée de la voie de broyage.
2.- Broyeur à rouleaux pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1, avec au moins un rouleau (35), un dispositif de répartition (31, 34) pour la répartition régulière de la matière à broyer qui peut être introduite sur le pourtour de la voie de broyage horizontale circulaire, et une installation pour engendrer un courant d'air à travers le broyeur, caractérisé en ce que la voie de broyage est réalisée sur un plateau tournant (31) sur lequel la matière à broyer peut être apportée au centre et est accélérable radialement vers la voie de broyage, et en ce que le rouleau (35) est entouré en principe par une enveloppe stationnaire (30) qui forme avec la voie de broyage un intervalle d'air pour le courant d'air.
3.- Broyeur à rouleaux pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 1, avec plusieurs rouleaux de broyage qui sont suspendus à un axe central (1;45) et qui peuvent rouler en étant pressés sur une surface latérale cylindrique (5) concentrique à l'axe, formant une voie de broyage et avec un dispositif de répartition (11, 14) disposé au-dessus de la voie de broyage pour la répartition régulière de la matière à broyer sur le pourtour de la voie de broyage, et pour l'introduction continue, dans la voie de broyage, de cette matière dans une direction à peu près parallèle aux axes des rouleaux, ainsi qu'avec un dispositif pour engendrer un courant d'air, caractérisé en ce que sont prévues des parois conductrices de l'air (6; 30) qui sont disposées parallèlement à la voie de broyage et qui forment avec elle un intervalle d'air à travers lequel le courant d'air est guidé transversalement sur la voie de broyage, les parois conductrices de l'air possédant des ouvertures (7) pour les rouleaux de broyage, ouvertures par lesquelles ceux-ci arrivent dans l'intervalle d'air, et en ce que la voie de broyage est disposée de façon telle que la matière à broyer sort de la voie de broyage après avoir été saisie par les rouleaux de broyage.
4.- Broyeur à rouleaux suivant la revendication 3, avec un arbre central (45) entraîné en rotation, où la voie de broyage forme une surface cylindrique (5) disposée concentriquement à cet arbre et où les rouleaux de broyage (3) sont suspendus à cet arbre de façon à pouvoir pivoter et sont entraînés par l'arbre, de telle sorte qu'ils roulent le long de la surface cylindrique et sont alors pressés contre celle-ci par la force centrifuge, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de répartition (11, 12) est disposé au-dessus de la surface cylindrique et coopère avec un épaulement concentrique (14) d'où la matière à broyer tombe dans la voie de broyage, l'intervalle d'air disposé près de la voie de broyage étant ouvert en bas, en sorte que la matière broyée puisse quitter la voie de broyage vers le bas.
5.- Broyeur à rouleaux suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de répartition comporte un plateau disperseur horizontal (11) avec des organes (12) pour retenir une partie de la matière à broyer sur le plateau, en sorte qu'il se forme sur celui-ci une couche de matière sur laquelle la matière à broyer amenée se répartit et, en raison de la force centrifuge, se déplace radialement vers l'extérieur, en sorte qu'elle s'accumule sur l'épaulement (14) précité.
6.- Broyeur à rouleaux suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé par une enveloppe (6) fixée à l'arbre (45) et tournant avec lui, en principe entourant les rouleaux de broyage, avec une surface latérale cylindrique qui s'étend concentriquement à la voie de broyage et forme l'intervalle d'air, et qui est pourvue d'ouvertures pour les rouleaux de broyage.
7.- Broyeur à rouleaux suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe (6) possède une paroi de plafond (11) qui forme le plateau disperseur précité.
8.- Broyeur à rouleaux suivant la revendication 3, avec plusieurs étages de broyage superposés, dont chacun comporte une installation de répartition ainsi qu'une voie de broyage sur laquelle des rouleaux de broyage correspondants peuvent rouler en étant appliqués par pression, caractérisé en ce que pour tous les étages de broyage, il est prévu un dispositif commun pour engendrer un courant d'air, qui, au moyen de parois conductrices d'air qui sont prévues à chaque étage de broyage et qui forment au-dessus de la voie de broyage correspondante un intervalle d'air, est conduit à travers tous les étages, et en ce que la voie de broyage de chaque étage de broyage est disposee de façon telle que la matière à broyer, après avoir été saisie par les rouleaux de broyage, sorte vers le dispositif de répartition de l'étage suivant ou vers une sortie de la voie de broyage.
9.- Broyeur à rouleaux suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un arbre d'entraînement commun (45) est prévu pour tous les étages, chaque voie de broyage formant une surface cylindrique disposée concentriquement à cet arbre, et les rouleaux de broyage (3) de tous les étages de broyage étant suspendus à cet arbre de manière à pouvoir pivoter et étant entraînés par celui-ci en sorte qu'ils roulent le long de la voie de broyage considérée chaque fois et sont alors pressés contre celle-ci par la force centrifuge.
10.- Broyeur à rouleaux suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'est prévu encore un préconcasseur (40) qui est disposé au-dessus du premier étage de broyage et qui comporte deux ailes d'impact (49) fixées à l'arbre, où est prévue une installation de répartition (47, 48) pour répartir la matière à broyer qui entre dans le broyeur sur la trajectoire des ailes d'impact et où est prévue une couronne d'impact extérieure qui est disposée concentriquement à l'arbre dans le plan de la trajectoire des ailes d'impact, pour capter la matière précipitée radialement vers l'extérieur par l'action des ailes d'impact.
EP83108776A 1982-09-06 1983-09-06 Procédé de broyage et broyeur à rouleaux pour la réalisation dudit procédé Expired EP0102645B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108776T ATE26804T1 (de) 1982-09-06 1983-09-06 Mahlverfahren und walzmuehle zur ausfuehrung des verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH529582 1982-09-06
CH5295/82 1982-09-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0102645A1 EP0102645A1 (fr) 1984-03-14
EP0102645B1 true EP0102645B1 (fr) 1987-04-29

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US (1) US4541574A (fr)
EP (1) EP0102645B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE26804T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1871983A (fr)
DE (1) DE3371177D1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA836570B (fr)

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US5330110A (en) * 1993-07-12 1994-07-19 Williams Robert M Apparatus for grinding material to a fineness grade
CA2138074A1 (fr) * 1993-12-17 1995-06-18 Martin H. Gygi Dispositif de broyage
US5975448A (en) * 1998-07-10 1999-11-02 Gygi; Martin H. Mill
US6594552B1 (en) * 1999-04-07 2003-07-15 Intuitive Surgical, Inc. Grip strength with tactile feedback for robotic surgery
CN103480461A (zh) * 2013-08-30 2014-01-01 桂林晟兴机械制造有限公司 杠杆式复辊磨粉机
CN104107743A (zh) * 2014-06-30 2014-10-22 苏州市海神达机械科技有限公司 一种大米专用新型研磨机
WO2016196456A1 (fr) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-08 Flsmidth A/S Broyeur à rouleaux vertical

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ZA836570B (en) 1984-04-25
EP0102645A1 (fr) 1984-03-14
DE3371177D1 (en) 1987-06-04
US4541574A (en) 1985-09-17
AU1871983A (en) 1984-03-15
ATE26804T1 (de) 1987-05-15

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