EP0102491B1 - Procédé pour joindre des pièces tubulaires emmanchées l'une dans l'autre et appareil pour exécuter ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé pour joindre des pièces tubulaires emmanchées l'une dans l'autre et appareil pour exécuter ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0102491B1
EP0102491B1 EP83107017A EP83107017A EP0102491B1 EP 0102491 B1 EP0102491 B1 EP 0102491B1 EP 83107017 A EP83107017 A EP 83107017A EP 83107017 A EP83107017 A EP 83107017A EP 0102491 B1 EP0102491 B1 EP 0102491B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing elements
parts
pressing
tool according
tubular parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83107017A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0102491A3 (en
EP0102491A2 (fr
Inventor
Bohumil Humpolik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0102491A2 publication Critical patent/EP0102491A2/fr
Publication of EP0102491A3 publication Critical patent/EP0102491A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0102491B1 publication Critical patent/EP0102491B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49909—Securing cup or tube between axially extending concentric annuli
    • Y10T29/49913—Securing cup or tube between axially extending concentric annuli by constricting outer annulus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y10T29/49934—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall by axially applying force

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for joining of nested tubular f OER-shaped parts of a heat exchanger referred to in the preamble of claim 1 genus, as well as a tool for performing this method.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US-A-3124 874.
  • the drawing ring which consists of two parts, forms the pressing element which is clamped in a device which pushes the pressing element axially onto the overlapping pipes.
  • the device has a device for holding a pipe and for moving the pressing element, which is designed in such a way that it causes the pipes in the connecting area to be compressed in the axial direction.
  • the known device and also the method are only suitable for the production of individual pipe connections, but not for the production of several pipe connections at the same time and in particular not for pipe connections with a small radial distance from other components.
  • US-A-3 126 625 describes a method for joining pipe ends, the pipe ends axially overlapping. Each of the tubes is held by a holding device and a drawing tool is moved over the overlapping tube ends. This results in a radially inward deformation of the two tubes. For this purpose, the tool has to rotate on the outside pipe, which generates the necessary heat and pressure for the connection of the two pipe ends.
  • the method described in this prior art is also unsuitable for the simultaneous production of several pipe connections, especially if these are to be produced in close proximity to an object, such as in heat exchangers.
  • DE-AS 23 32 241 describes a method for connecting nested pipes, in which the telescopically nested pipe ends are elastically deformed by means of a press ring in such a way that there is a sealing pressure acting in the radial direction between the nested pipe ends in the area of the press ring.
  • the press ring has an opening, the diameter of which is at least partially less than the diameter of the outer tubular part and is sufficiently strong to elastically deform the pipe ends radially inwards. If the press ring is loosened, the pipe ends resiliently assume their original shape after the deformation and are thereby loosened from each other again.
  • the invention makes it possible to connect nested tubular parts of a heat exchanger, in particular the ends of heat exchanger tubes with connecting pieces of a base plate or a connecting box (e.g. water box or refrigerant distribution and collecting box of an evaporator) in a simple manner, using a large number of pipe connections can be produced at the same time and the pressing elements are reusable. This has the advantage that the production of the heat exchanger takes place more efficiently and the weight of the pressing elements is also saved.
  • a connecting box e.g. water box or refrigerant distribution and collecting box of an evaporator
  • the pressing element is constructed in two parts and, in the open state, is moved radially or tangentially in an area adjacent to the connection point over one of the pipes, then closed and locked and, after the pipe connection has been made, unlocked and demolded in the opposite direction. If the distance between two evaporator tubes is large enough to be able to insert the pressing elements for each tube connection at the same time, it is expedient to produce all tube connections of a row of tubes at the same time. If the distance between two heat exchanger tubes is very small, it is proposed that first every second tube connection of a tube row in a first operation and then the intermediate tube connection of the same row is made in a second operation.
  • the object of creating a tool for carrying out the method according to the invention is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 5. So that the proper functioning of the pressing element is guaranteed when the pipe connection is made, means are provided for locking the pressing element in the closed position.
  • the two parts of the press element must be inserted or removed of the tool can be moved relative to one another, with the possibility of arranging the parts of the pressing element so as to be pivotable or longitudinally and transversely displaceable.
  • the means for locking the pressing elements generally consist of punches which are arranged like a comb and each grip between two pressing elements and thus wedge two adjacent pressing elements against one another.
  • pressing elements and locking means are arranged in a scissor-like manner, the opening of the pressing element being arranged on one side of the fulcrum and actuating levers being arranged on the other side of the fulcrum.
  • the locking means are designed as rotatable cams which act on the actuating levers.
  • the tool according to the invention can be designed differently depending on the type of heat exchanger, the pressing elements being able to have openings of circular cross section or the opening cross section for heat exchangers with elliptical or oval tubes being elliptical or oval.
  • the pressing elements For retrofitting. of the tool for the respective heat exchanger type, therefore, only the pressing elements with the respectively required opening cross section have to be replaced; otherwise the arrangement remains unchanged.
  • the opening of the pressing element has two axially successive conical sections of the same direction with different opening angles.
  • the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 are in the closed state of the pressing element, which results in a conical opening 9 in the pressing element 6.
  • the conical opening 9 On the side facing the end 3, the conical opening 9 has a cone 10 with a larger opening angle, which is used for simple centering of the tubes in the pressing element.
  • Arrows 8 indicate the relative movement of the pressing element with respect to the tubes after the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 have been closed.
  • the diameter of the conical opening 9 on the side facing away from the tube 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the end 3 that is topped.
  • the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element are moved in the direction of arrows 11, ie radially outwards, after the pipe connection has been made, ie. H. the pressing element 6 is opened and can be removed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a pressing element 6, which consists of two parts 4 and 5 and has a conical opening 9, through the center of which the parting plane of the pressing element 6 runs.
  • FIG. 6 shows a pressing element 6 'for pipe connections with an elliptical cross section, the pressing element 6' consisting of parts 4 'and 5' and the parting plane running along the main axis of the opening 9 'which is elliptical in cross section and conical in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 7 shows the front view of a pressing element 6 with a conical opening 9 and a starting cone 10.
  • a part 4 of the pressing element 6 has one on the other in the division plane Part 5 directed projection 16 which engages in a corresponding recess 17 of part 5 and thus forms a positive connection in the direction of the vertical axis of the pressing element 6.
  • the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 in the closed state have no deviation in the direction of the vertical axis and thus the conical opening 9 is always formed exactly.
  • Figure 8 shows a pipe socket of a floor, on which a sculpted end 3 of a pipe 1 is inserted.
  • a plurality of projections 14 running in the circumferential direction are provided on the lateral surface of the pipe socket 12, between which grooves 15 are formed.
  • the pressing element 6 is located, the parts 4 and 5 of which are already closed and surround the pipe socket 12 in an annular manner.
  • FIG. 9 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 8 in the state after the axial displacement of the pressing element 6.
  • the dimensions of the conical opening 9 in the pressing element 6 and the outer diameter of the tipped end 3 take place during the relative axial Displacement a deformation of the tulip end 3 radially inwards. Due to the radial deformation, the material of the end 3 topped up partially squeezes into the grooves 15, resulting in a positive connection of the pipe socket 12 with the pipe 1.
  • FIG. 10 shows a top view of a heat exchanger 18 which comprises two rows of tubes 19 and 20.
  • the tool for producing the pipe connections comprises a plurality of pressing elements 6, the number of pressing elements corresponding exactly to half the number of pipes in a row of pipes and the arrangement being such that between two pipes to which a pressing element is associated there is a pipe without a pressing element located.
  • Each of the pressing elements 6 has two parts 4 and 5 which are pivotally mounted on a pin 21 and are in their open position in the illustration according to FIG. 10.
  • the parts 4 and 5 each have a half opening 9. Between two pressing elements 6 there is in each case a punch 22 in the disengaged position, whereby the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 can be pivoted apart. In this position, the pressing elements can be moved to the pipes to be connected and can also be removed after the connection has been made.
  • spreading springs can be provided which load the parts 4 and 5 in the opening direction of the pressing element 6.
  • FIG. 11 shows a heat exchanger 18 according to FIG. 10, but with the pressing elements 6 in the closed state, ie. H. in the position in which the production of the pipe connections is made possible.
  • the pressing elements 6 are closed and kept closed during the production of the pipe connections by the punches 22 which are moved between the pressing elements 6 and which ensure that the pivotable parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 are locked.
  • the punches 22 have recesses 23 which are provided for gripping the pipes 19 located between two pressing elements 6.
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment variant of FIG. 11, again with a heat exchanger 18 ′ in the. Top view is shown.
  • the heat exchanger has several rows of pipes 19, 24, 25, each of the rows of pipes having an odd number of pipes.
  • Each tube 24 of the inner row of tubes is connected to a tube 25 of the subsequent row of tubes by a pipe bend 26, the pipes 24 and 25 being connected to the pipe bends 26, for example by soldering or by another of the known methods.
  • the pipe connection of the pipes 19 of the edge row are produced by the method according to the invention and already described above.
  • Figure 12 shows the pressing elements 6 in the closed state with stamps 22 'in the locking position of the pressing elements.
  • there is enough space between two adjacent tubes 19 in order to be able to move the pressing elements 6 of two adjacent tubes in the open state, so that with this arrangement all tube connections of a row of tubes (19) can be produced in one operation can.
  • FIG. 13 shows the section along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12.
  • part of an evaporator block 18 ' is shown, from which the ends of the tubes 19 and 24 protrude.
  • the end of the tube 24 is connected to an elbow 26.
  • a connection piece 12 of a refrigerant distribution box 28 is inserted into the end of the tube 19 that is tapped.
  • On the left side in FIG. 13 there is a main tool body 27 which has a pin 21 on which the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 are pivotably mounted. In order to fix the two parts 4 and 5 in the axial direction, the upper end of the pin 21 is mounted in a bracket 28 screwed onto the main body 27.
  • comb-like punches 22 ' are arranged displaceably in the longitudinal direction of the pressing elements.
  • the two parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 enclose the connecting piece 12, the diameter of which is somewhat is smaller than the smallest diameter of the conical bore 9 of the pressing element 6.
  • XII-XII indicates the section line according to which the view in FIG. 12 is shown.
  • FIG. 14 shows the top view of a heat exchanger 18 with two rows of pipes 19 and 20.
  • pressing elements 6 * are provided, each consisting of parts 4 * and 5 * .
  • One half of a conical opening 9 * which corresponds to the previously described openings 9, is located in the division plane of the pressing elements 6 * .
  • part 5 * has a projection 30, whereas on part 4 * there is a recess 31, the contour of which corresponds exactly to the projection 30.
  • Projection 30 and recess 31 are arranged so that they interlock positively when the parts 4 * and 5 * form the conical opening 9 * when the pressing elements 6 * are closed.
  • FIG. 14 shows the pressing elements 6 * in the open state, ie in the position in which the tool can be inserted into the row of pipes or can be removed from the mold after the pipe connections have been made.
  • FIG. 15 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 14 with pressing elements 6 * in the closed position. It can be seen from this that in this position the projection 30 lies completely in the recess 31 and thus the parts 4 * and 5 * interlock positively.
  • the pressing elements 6 * form the conical openings 9 * , with which the pipes to be connected are firmly enclosed.
  • FIG. 16 shows a heat exchanger 18 which comprises two rows of pipes 19 and 20.
  • the pressing elements 6 consist of scissor-shaped parts 4 and 5 which are pivotally mounted about a pin 21. On one side of the pivot point formed by the pin 21, the parts 4 and 5 each have one half of the conical opening 9. On the other side of the fulcrum, the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 are extended as actuating levers 37 and 38, which interact with rotatable cams 32.
  • the rotatable cams 32 are arranged opposite each other on a shaft 33 that the pressing elements 6 are each brought from the closed position into the open position by an angular rotation of 90 °.
  • FIG. 16 shows the pressing elements 6 in the open state
  • FIG. 17 shows the arrangement in the closed state. It can be seen that the cams 32 are rotated by 90 ° and thus cause the pressing elements 6 to be tightened. Since two opposing cams 32 are arranged on a shaft 33, the two cams 32 of a shaft 33 act on a lever 37 of a pressing element 6 and on a lever 38 of the next pressing element 6. Thus, the rotatable cams 32 not only make the individual parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 clamped, but also clamped two successive pressing elements 6 against each other.
  • FIG. 18 shows how two pipe sockets, which cannot be telescoped due to their wall thickness, for example, or where a corresponding plastic deformation is not possible due to the material properties, can be connected by the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows two pipe sockets 34 and 35 which abut each other.
  • the pipe sockets 34 and 35 like the pipe socket 12 in FIGS. 8 and 9, have grooves 15 running in the circumferential direction on their circumferential surfaces.
  • a connecting pipe 36 is pushed on the one hand over the pipe socket 34 and on the other hand over the pipe socket 35. With the pressing element consisting of parts 4 and 5, the connecting tube 36 has been plastically deformed radially inward and has been squeezed into the grooves 15 in the process.

Claims (13)

1. Procédé destiné à joindre des pièces emmanchées l'une dans l'autre (1, 2, 3, 12, 34, 35, 36) d'un échangeur de chaleur comportant plusieurs tubes disposés parallèlement, dans lequel les pièces tubulaires (1, 2, 3, 12. 34, 35, 36) à joindre sont déformées radialement vers l'intérieur à l'aide d'éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) annulaires présentant une ouverture (9, 9', 9*), le déplacement axial des éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) entraînant une déformation plastique des pièces tubulaires extérieures (3, 36) et une déformation au moins partiellement élastique des pièces tubulaires intérieures (2, 12, 34, 35), caractérisé en ce que, après l'emmanchement des pièces tubulaires (1, 2, 3, 12, 34, 35, 36), une multiplicité d'éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) présentant chacun une ouverture (9, 9', 9*) conique sur toute la longueur axiale, sont amenés simultanément dans une position dans laquelle, tournés vers le point de raccordement, ils entourent de manière annulaire les pièces avec l'extrémité large de l'ouverture conique (9, 9', 9*), puis sont simultanément déplacés en direction axiale sur les pièces tubulaires emmanchées l'une dans l'autre (1, 2, 3, 12. 34, 35, 36), ce qui donne lieu à une déformation progressive, les éléments de serrage (6. 6', 6*) étant ensuite simultanément ouverts puis éloignés.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) en deux parties sont acheminés en position d'ouverture, radialement ou tangentiellement sur les pièces tubulaires (2, 12, 34) dans des zones proches des points de raccordement, puis sont fermés et verrouillés et déverrouillés et extraits en sens inverse après la réalisation du raccord de tubes.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que tous les raccordements de tubes d'une rangée de tubes (19, 20) sont réalisés simultanément.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un raccord sur deux est tout d'abord réalisé dans une rangée de tubes (19) au cours d'une première opération, les raccords intermédiaires de tubes de la même rangée (19) étant réalisés au cours d'une deuxième opération.
5. Appareil destiné à joindre des pièces tubulaires (1, 2,3.12.34. 35, 36) emmanchées l'une dans l'autre d'un échangeur de chaleur comportant plusieurs tubes disposés parallèlement, à l'aide d'éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) annulaires en deux parties pour lesquels le plan de division passe dans la direction longitudinale des éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) et divise les ouvertures (9, 9', 9*) symétriquement en deux moitiés, les deux parties (4, 5 ; 4', 5' ; 4*, 5*) des éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) pouvant se déplacer relativement l'une par rapport à l'autre, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une multiplicité d'éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) et que chaque élément de serrage (6, 6', 6*) présente une ouverture (9, 9', 9*) conique sur toute la longueur axiale et en ce qu'il est prévu une multiplicité de moyens (22, 22', 32) destinés à verrouiller tous les éléments de serrage (6, 6', 6*) dans leur position de fermeture.
6. Appareil selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties de chaque élément de serrage (6) peuvent pivoter l'une par rapport à l'autre.
7. Appareil selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties (4*, 5*) de chaque élément de serrage (6*) sont déplaçables longitudinalement et transversalement l'une par rapport à l'autre.
8. Appareil selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de verrouillage sont des pistons (22, 22') disposés à la manière d'un peigne qui, pour le verrouillage et le déverrouillage, sont déplaçables dans la direction longitudinale des éléments de serrage (6, 6*).
9. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les parties (4, 5) des éléments de serrage (6) sont disposées en forme de ciseaux, les ouvertures (9) des éléments de serrage (6) étant placées d'un côté des points de rotation (21) et des leviers de commande (37, 38) étant placés de l'autre côté, et en ce que les moyens de verrouillage sont des cames rotatives (32) qui agissent sur les leviers de commande (37, 38).
10. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (9, 9') des éléments de serrage (6. 6') ont une section transversale circulaire, elliptique ou ovale.
11. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (9, 9') des éléments de serrage possèdent deux sections coniques de même direction se succédant et présentant des angles d'ouverture différents.
12. Appareil selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de serrage (6, 6*) présentent dans la zone du plan de division, une partie en saillie (16, 30) sur une partie (4, 5*) et un évidement correspondant (17, 31) sur l'autre partie (5, 4*) et en ce que, en position de fermeture des éléments de serrage (6, 6*), la partie en saillie (16, 30) se trouve dans l'évidement (17, 31) en formant un crabotage.
EP83107017A 1982-08-31 1983-07-18 Procédé pour joindre des pièces tubulaires emmanchées l'une dans l'autre et appareil pour exécuter ce procédé Expired EP0102491B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3232297A DE3232297C2 (de) 1982-08-31 1982-08-31 Verfahren zum Verbinden von ineinandergesteckten rohrförmigen Teilen eines Wärmetauschers und Werkzeug zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE3232297 1982-08-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0102491A2 EP0102491A2 (fr) 1984-03-14
EP0102491A3 EP0102491A3 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0102491B1 true EP0102491B1 (fr) 1988-04-13

Family

ID=6172107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83107017A Expired EP0102491B1 (fr) 1982-08-31 1983-07-18 Procédé pour joindre des pièces tubulaires emmanchées l'une dans l'autre et appareil pour exécuter ce procédé

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4574444A (fr)
EP (1) EP0102491B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5950928A (fr)
BR (1) BR8304601A (fr)
DE (2) DE3232297C2 (fr)
ES (2) ES8403758A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX156982A (fr)

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DE102018208344A1 (de) * 2018-05-28 2019-11-28 Gehrmann & Hinrichs GmbH & Co. KG Luft-Luft-Wärmeübertrager für eine Lüftungsvorrichtung

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Publication number Publication date
ES282111Y (es) 1985-11-01
JPS5950928A (ja) 1984-03-24
ES282111U (es) 1985-04-01
DE3376257D1 (en) 1988-05-19
ES524326A0 (es) 1984-05-01
ES8403758A1 (es) 1984-05-01
EP0102491A3 (en) 1985-05-15
DE3232297C2 (de) 1985-05-09
MX156982A (es) 1988-10-18
EP0102491A2 (fr) 1984-03-14
US4574444A (en) 1986-03-11
DE3232297A1 (de) 1984-03-01
BR8304601A (pt) 1984-04-03

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