EP0102491B1 - Method of connecting tubular work pieces plugged into one another, and tool for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method of connecting tubular work pieces plugged into one another, and tool for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0102491B1
EP0102491B1 EP83107017A EP83107017A EP0102491B1 EP 0102491 B1 EP0102491 B1 EP 0102491B1 EP 83107017 A EP83107017 A EP 83107017A EP 83107017 A EP83107017 A EP 83107017A EP 0102491 B1 EP0102491 B1 EP 0102491B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing elements
parts
pressing
tool according
tubular parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83107017A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0102491A2 (en
EP0102491A3 (en
Inventor
Bohumil Humpolik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0102491A2 publication Critical patent/EP0102491A2/en
Publication of EP0102491A3 publication Critical patent/EP0102491A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0102491B1 publication Critical patent/EP0102491B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49909—Securing cup or tube between axially extending concentric annuli
    • Y10T29/49913—Securing cup or tube between axially extending concentric annuli by constricting outer annulus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y10T29/49934—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall by axially applying force

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for joining of nested tubular f OER-shaped parts of a heat exchanger referred to in the preamble of claim 1 genus, as well as a tool for performing this method.
  • a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US-A-3124 874.
  • the drawing ring which consists of two parts, forms the pressing element which is clamped in a device which pushes the pressing element axially onto the overlapping pipes.
  • the device has a device for holding a pipe and for moving the pressing element, which is designed in such a way that it causes the pipes in the connecting area to be compressed in the axial direction.
  • the known device and also the method are only suitable for the production of individual pipe connections, but not for the production of several pipe connections at the same time and in particular not for pipe connections with a small radial distance from other components.
  • US-A-3 126 625 describes a method for joining pipe ends, the pipe ends axially overlapping. Each of the tubes is held by a holding device and a drawing tool is moved over the overlapping tube ends. This results in a radially inward deformation of the two tubes. For this purpose, the tool has to rotate on the outside pipe, which generates the necessary heat and pressure for the connection of the two pipe ends.
  • the method described in this prior art is also unsuitable for the simultaneous production of several pipe connections, especially if these are to be produced in close proximity to an object, such as in heat exchangers.
  • DE-AS 23 32 241 describes a method for connecting nested pipes, in which the telescopically nested pipe ends are elastically deformed by means of a press ring in such a way that there is a sealing pressure acting in the radial direction between the nested pipe ends in the area of the press ring.
  • the press ring has an opening, the diameter of which is at least partially less than the diameter of the outer tubular part and is sufficiently strong to elastically deform the pipe ends radially inwards. If the press ring is loosened, the pipe ends resiliently assume their original shape after the deformation and are thereby loosened from each other again.
  • the invention makes it possible to connect nested tubular parts of a heat exchanger, in particular the ends of heat exchanger tubes with connecting pieces of a base plate or a connecting box (e.g. water box or refrigerant distribution and collecting box of an evaporator) in a simple manner, using a large number of pipe connections can be produced at the same time and the pressing elements are reusable. This has the advantage that the production of the heat exchanger takes place more efficiently and the weight of the pressing elements is also saved.
  • a connecting box e.g. water box or refrigerant distribution and collecting box of an evaporator
  • the pressing element is constructed in two parts and, in the open state, is moved radially or tangentially in an area adjacent to the connection point over one of the pipes, then closed and locked and, after the pipe connection has been made, unlocked and demolded in the opposite direction. If the distance between two evaporator tubes is large enough to be able to insert the pressing elements for each tube connection at the same time, it is expedient to produce all tube connections of a row of tubes at the same time. If the distance between two heat exchanger tubes is very small, it is proposed that first every second tube connection of a tube row in a first operation and then the intermediate tube connection of the same row is made in a second operation.
  • the object of creating a tool for carrying out the method according to the invention is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 5. So that the proper functioning of the pressing element is guaranteed when the pipe connection is made, means are provided for locking the pressing element in the closed position.
  • the two parts of the press element must be inserted or removed of the tool can be moved relative to one another, with the possibility of arranging the parts of the pressing element so as to be pivotable or longitudinally and transversely displaceable.
  • the means for locking the pressing elements generally consist of punches which are arranged like a comb and each grip between two pressing elements and thus wedge two adjacent pressing elements against one another.
  • pressing elements and locking means are arranged in a scissor-like manner, the opening of the pressing element being arranged on one side of the fulcrum and actuating levers being arranged on the other side of the fulcrum.
  • the locking means are designed as rotatable cams which act on the actuating levers.
  • the tool according to the invention can be designed differently depending on the type of heat exchanger, the pressing elements being able to have openings of circular cross section or the opening cross section for heat exchangers with elliptical or oval tubes being elliptical or oval.
  • the pressing elements For retrofitting. of the tool for the respective heat exchanger type, therefore, only the pressing elements with the respectively required opening cross section have to be replaced; otherwise the arrangement remains unchanged.
  • the opening of the pressing element has two axially successive conical sections of the same direction with different opening angles.
  • the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 are in the closed state of the pressing element, which results in a conical opening 9 in the pressing element 6.
  • the conical opening 9 On the side facing the end 3, the conical opening 9 has a cone 10 with a larger opening angle, which is used for simple centering of the tubes in the pressing element.
  • Arrows 8 indicate the relative movement of the pressing element with respect to the tubes after the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 have been closed.
  • the diameter of the conical opening 9 on the side facing away from the tube 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the end 3 that is topped.
  • the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element are moved in the direction of arrows 11, ie radially outwards, after the pipe connection has been made, ie. H. the pressing element 6 is opened and can be removed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a pressing element 6, which consists of two parts 4 and 5 and has a conical opening 9, through the center of which the parting plane of the pressing element 6 runs.
  • FIG. 6 shows a pressing element 6 'for pipe connections with an elliptical cross section, the pressing element 6' consisting of parts 4 'and 5' and the parting plane running along the main axis of the opening 9 'which is elliptical in cross section and conical in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 7 shows the front view of a pressing element 6 with a conical opening 9 and a starting cone 10.
  • a part 4 of the pressing element 6 has one on the other in the division plane Part 5 directed projection 16 which engages in a corresponding recess 17 of part 5 and thus forms a positive connection in the direction of the vertical axis of the pressing element 6.
  • the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 in the closed state have no deviation in the direction of the vertical axis and thus the conical opening 9 is always formed exactly.
  • Figure 8 shows a pipe socket of a floor, on which a sculpted end 3 of a pipe 1 is inserted.
  • a plurality of projections 14 running in the circumferential direction are provided on the lateral surface of the pipe socket 12, between which grooves 15 are formed.
  • the pressing element 6 is located, the parts 4 and 5 of which are already closed and surround the pipe socket 12 in an annular manner.
  • FIG. 9 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 8 in the state after the axial displacement of the pressing element 6.
  • the dimensions of the conical opening 9 in the pressing element 6 and the outer diameter of the tipped end 3 take place during the relative axial Displacement a deformation of the tulip end 3 radially inwards. Due to the radial deformation, the material of the end 3 topped up partially squeezes into the grooves 15, resulting in a positive connection of the pipe socket 12 with the pipe 1.
  • FIG. 10 shows a top view of a heat exchanger 18 which comprises two rows of tubes 19 and 20.
  • the tool for producing the pipe connections comprises a plurality of pressing elements 6, the number of pressing elements corresponding exactly to half the number of pipes in a row of pipes and the arrangement being such that between two pipes to which a pressing element is associated there is a pipe without a pressing element located.
  • Each of the pressing elements 6 has two parts 4 and 5 which are pivotally mounted on a pin 21 and are in their open position in the illustration according to FIG. 10.
  • the parts 4 and 5 each have a half opening 9. Between two pressing elements 6 there is in each case a punch 22 in the disengaged position, whereby the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 can be pivoted apart. In this position, the pressing elements can be moved to the pipes to be connected and can also be removed after the connection has been made.
  • spreading springs can be provided which load the parts 4 and 5 in the opening direction of the pressing element 6.
  • FIG. 11 shows a heat exchanger 18 according to FIG. 10, but with the pressing elements 6 in the closed state, ie. H. in the position in which the production of the pipe connections is made possible.
  • the pressing elements 6 are closed and kept closed during the production of the pipe connections by the punches 22 which are moved between the pressing elements 6 and which ensure that the pivotable parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 are locked.
  • the punches 22 have recesses 23 which are provided for gripping the pipes 19 located between two pressing elements 6.
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment variant of FIG. 11, again with a heat exchanger 18 ′ in the. Top view is shown.
  • the heat exchanger has several rows of pipes 19, 24, 25, each of the rows of pipes having an odd number of pipes.
  • Each tube 24 of the inner row of tubes is connected to a tube 25 of the subsequent row of tubes by a pipe bend 26, the pipes 24 and 25 being connected to the pipe bends 26, for example by soldering or by another of the known methods.
  • the pipe connection of the pipes 19 of the edge row are produced by the method according to the invention and already described above.
  • Figure 12 shows the pressing elements 6 in the closed state with stamps 22 'in the locking position of the pressing elements.
  • there is enough space between two adjacent tubes 19 in order to be able to move the pressing elements 6 of two adjacent tubes in the open state, so that with this arrangement all tube connections of a row of tubes (19) can be produced in one operation can.
  • FIG. 13 shows the section along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12.
  • part of an evaporator block 18 ' is shown, from which the ends of the tubes 19 and 24 protrude.
  • the end of the tube 24 is connected to an elbow 26.
  • a connection piece 12 of a refrigerant distribution box 28 is inserted into the end of the tube 19 that is tapped.
  • On the left side in FIG. 13 there is a main tool body 27 which has a pin 21 on which the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 are pivotably mounted. In order to fix the two parts 4 and 5 in the axial direction, the upper end of the pin 21 is mounted in a bracket 28 screwed onto the main body 27.
  • comb-like punches 22 ' are arranged displaceably in the longitudinal direction of the pressing elements.
  • the two parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 enclose the connecting piece 12, the diameter of which is somewhat is smaller than the smallest diameter of the conical bore 9 of the pressing element 6.
  • XII-XII indicates the section line according to which the view in FIG. 12 is shown.
  • FIG. 14 shows the top view of a heat exchanger 18 with two rows of pipes 19 and 20.
  • pressing elements 6 * are provided, each consisting of parts 4 * and 5 * .
  • One half of a conical opening 9 * which corresponds to the previously described openings 9, is located in the division plane of the pressing elements 6 * .
  • part 5 * has a projection 30, whereas on part 4 * there is a recess 31, the contour of which corresponds exactly to the projection 30.
  • Projection 30 and recess 31 are arranged so that they interlock positively when the parts 4 * and 5 * form the conical opening 9 * when the pressing elements 6 * are closed.
  • FIG. 14 shows the pressing elements 6 * in the open state, ie in the position in which the tool can be inserted into the row of pipes or can be removed from the mold after the pipe connections have been made.
  • FIG. 15 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 14 with pressing elements 6 * in the closed position. It can be seen from this that in this position the projection 30 lies completely in the recess 31 and thus the parts 4 * and 5 * interlock positively.
  • the pressing elements 6 * form the conical openings 9 * , with which the pipes to be connected are firmly enclosed.
  • FIG. 16 shows a heat exchanger 18 which comprises two rows of pipes 19 and 20.
  • the pressing elements 6 consist of scissor-shaped parts 4 and 5 which are pivotally mounted about a pin 21. On one side of the pivot point formed by the pin 21, the parts 4 and 5 each have one half of the conical opening 9. On the other side of the fulcrum, the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 are extended as actuating levers 37 and 38, which interact with rotatable cams 32.
  • the rotatable cams 32 are arranged opposite each other on a shaft 33 that the pressing elements 6 are each brought from the closed position into the open position by an angular rotation of 90 °.
  • FIG. 16 shows the pressing elements 6 in the open state
  • FIG. 17 shows the arrangement in the closed state. It can be seen that the cams 32 are rotated by 90 ° and thus cause the pressing elements 6 to be tightened. Since two opposing cams 32 are arranged on a shaft 33, the two cams 32 of a shaft 33 act on a lever 37 of a pressing element 6 and on a lever 38 of the next pressing element 6. Thus, the rotatable cams 32 not only make the individual parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 clamped, but also clamped two successive pressing elements 6 against each other.
  • FIG. 18 shows how two pipe sockets, which cannot be telescoped due to their wall thickness, for example, or where a corresponding plastic deformation is not possible due to the material properties, can be connected by the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows two pipe sockets 34 and 35 which abut each other.
  • the pipe sockets 34 and 35 like the pipe socket 12 in FIGS. 8 and 9, have grooves 15 running in the circumferential direction on their circumferential surfaces.
  • a connecting pipe 36 is pushed on the one hand over the pipe socket 34 and on the other hand over the pipe socket 35. With the pressing element consisting of parts 4 and 5, the connecting tube 36 has been plastically deformed radially inward and has been squeezed into the grooves 15 in the process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von ineinandergesteckten rohrför- migen Teilen eines Wärmetauschers der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Gattung sowie auf ein Werkzeug zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for joining of nested tubular f OER-shaped parts of a heat exchanger referred to in the preamble of claim 1 genus, as well as a tool for performing this method.

Aus der US-A-3124 874 ist ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt. Der Ziehring, der aus zwei Teilen besteht, bildet das Preßelement, das in eine Vorrichtung eingespannt ist, welche das Preßelement axial auf die sich überlappenden Rohre schiebt. Die Vorrichtung verfügt über eine Einrichtung zum Festhalten eines Rohres und zum Bewegen des Preßelementes, welches so ausgestaltet ist, daß es eine Stauchung der Rohre im Verbindungsbereich in axialer Richtung bewirkt. Die bekannte Vorrichtung und auch das Verfahren eignen sich nur zur Herstellung von Einzelrohrverbindungen, nicht jedoch zur Herstellung von mehreren Rohrverbindungen gleichzeitig und insbesondere nicht für Rohrverbindungen mit geringem radialen Abstand zu weiteren Bauteilen.A method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US-A-3124 874. The drawing ring, which consists of two parts, forms the pressing element which is clamped in a device which pushes the pressing element axially onto the overlapping pipes. The device has a device for holding a pipe and for moving the pressing element, which is designed in such a way that it causes the pipes in the connecting area to be compressed in the axial direction. The known device and also the method are only suitable for the production of individual pipe connections, but not for the production of several pipe connections at the same time and in particular not for pipe connections with a small radial distance from other components.

Die US-A-3 126 625 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Zusammenfügen von Rohrenden, wobei die Rohrenden sich axial überlappen. Jedes der Rohre wird von einer Haltevorrichtung gehalten und ein Ziehwerkzeug wird über die sich überlappenden Rohrenden bewegt. Dadurch erfolgt eine radial nach innen gerichtete Verformung der beiden Rohre. Zu diesem Zweck muß das Werkzeug auf dem außen liegenden Rohr rotieren, wodurch die notwendige Wärme und der erforderliche Druck für die Verbindung der beiden Rohrenden erzeugt wird. Auch das in diesem Stand der Technik beschriebene Verfahren eignet sich nicht zur gleichzeitigen Herstellung mehrerer Rohrverbindungen, zumal wenn diese dicht benachbart an einem Gegenstand, wie beispielsweise bei Wärmetauschern, erzeugt werden sollen.US-A-3 126 625 describes a method for joining pipe ends, the pipe ends axially overlapping. Each of the tubes is held by a holding device and a drawing tool is moved over the overlapping tube ends. This results in a radially inward deformation of the two tubes. For this purpose, the tool has to rotate on the outside pipe, which generates the necessary heat and pressure for the connection of the two pipe ends. The method described in this prior art is also unsuitable for the simultaneous production of several pipe connections, especially if these are to be produced in close proximity to an object, such as in heat exchangers.

Aus der DE-AS 23 32 241 ist ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von ineinandergesteckten Rohren beschrieben, bei der die teleskopartig ineinandergesteckten Rohrenden mittels eines Preßrings derart elastisch verformt sind, daß sich zwischen den ineinandergesteckten Rohrenden im Bereich des Preßringes ein in radialer Richtung wirkender Abdichtungsdruck ergibt. Der Preßring weist eine Öffnung auf, deren Durchmesser mindestens teilweise geringer ist als der Durchmesser des äußeren rohrförmigen Teiles und ist ausreichend fest, um die Rohrenden elastisch radial nach innen zu verformen. Wird der Preßring gelöst, so nehmen die Rohrenden nach der Verformung federnd ihre ursprüngliche Gestalt an und sind dadurch wieder voneinander gelöst.DE-AS 23 32 241 describes a method for connecting nested pipes, in which the telescopically nested pipe ends are elastically deformed by means of a press ring in such a way that there is a sealing pressure acting in the radial direction between the nested pipe ends in the area of the press ring. The press ring has an opening, the diameter of which is at least partially less than the diameter of the outer tubular part and is sufficiently strong to elastically deform the pipe ends radially inwards. If the press ring is loosened, the pipe ends resiliently assume their original shape after the deformation and are thereby loosened from each other again.

Derartige Rohrverbindungstechniken für rohrförmige Teile sind für die Großserienfertigung ungeeignet, da das Aufbringen bzw. Einpressen jedes einzelnen Preßringes sehr arbeitsintensiv ist und hohe Kosten verursacht. Außerdem muß das Preßelement im Bereich der Rohrverbindung verbleiben, da sonst die Verbindung wieder gelöst wird. Dies hat insbesondere bei Wärmetauschern für Kraftfahrzeuge den Nachteil, daß durch die im Bereich der Rohrverbindung verbleibenden Preßelemente das Gewicht des Wärmetauschers vergrößert wird, was der Forderung der Automobilhersteller nach Gewichtsreduzierung zuwider läuft.Such pipe connection techniques for tubular parts are unsuitable for large series production, since the application or pressing in of each individual press ring is very labor-intensive and causes high costs. In addition, the pressing element must remain in the area of the pipe connection, otherwise the connection is released again. This has the disadvantage, in particular in the case of heat exchangers for motor vehicles, that the weight of the heat exchanger is increased by the pressing elements remaining in the area of the pipe connection, which runs counter to the requirement of the automobile manufacturer for weight reduction.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von ineinandergesteckten rohrförmigen Teilen eines Wärmetauschers der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art zu entwickeln, bei dem mehrere Rohrverbindungen gleichzeitig gefertigt werden können und durch das das Gewicht der Wärmetauscher reduziert wird. Es ist ferner Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Werkzeug zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu schaffen.It is therefore the object of the invention to develop a method for connecting nested tubular parts of a heat exchanger of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, in which several pipe connections can be made at the same time and by which the weight of the heat exchanger is reduced. It is also an object of the invention to provide a tool for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der genannten Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch die Erfindung ist es möglich, ineinandergesteckte rohrförmige Teile eines Wärmetauschers, insbesondere der Enden von Wärmetauscherrohren mit Anschlußstutzen einer Bodenplatte oder eines Anschlußkastens (z. B. Wasserkasten oder Kältemittelverteil-und Sammelkasten eines Verdampfers) auf einfache Weise zu verbinden, wobei eine Vielzahl von Rohrverbindungen gleichzeitig hergestellt werden können und die Preßelemente wieder verwendbar sind. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Herstellung des Wärmetauschers rationeller erfolgt und zudem das Gewicht der Preßelemente eingespart wird.This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned by the characterizing features of claim 1. The invention makes it possible to connect nested tubular parts of a heat exchanger, in particular the ends of heat exchanger tubes with connecting pieces of a base plate or a connecting box (e.g. water box or refrigerant distribution and collecting box of an evaporator) in a simple manner, using a large number of pipe connections can be produced at the same time and the pressing elements are reusable. This has the advantage that the production of the heat exchanger takes place more efficiently and the weight of the pressing elements is also saved.

Das Preßelement ist zweiteilig ausgeführt und wird in geöffnetem Zustand radial bzw. tangential in einem der Verbindungsstelle benachbarten Bereich über eines der Rohre gefahren, dann geschlossen und verriegelt und nach dem Herstellen der Rohrverbindung in entgegengesetzter Richtung entriegelt und entformt. Sofern der Abstand zwischen zwei Verdampferrohren groß genug ist, um die Preßelemente für jede Rohrverbindung gleichzeitig einführen zu können, ist es zweckmäßig, alle Rohrverbindungen einer Rohrreihe gleichzeitig herzustellen. Sofern der Abstand zwischen zwei Wärmetauscherrohren sehr gering ist, wird vorgeschlagen, daß zunächst jede zweite Rohrverbindung einer Rohrreihe in einem ersten Arbeitsgang und anschließend jeweils die dazwischenliegende Rohrverbindung derselben Reihe in einem zweiten Arbeitsgang hergestellt wird.The pressing element is constructed in two parts and, in the open state, is moved radially or tangentially in an area adjacent to the connection point over one of the pipes, then closed and locked and, after the pipe connection has been made, unlocked and demolded in the opposite direction. If the distance between two evaporator tubes is large enough to be able to insert the pressing elements for each tube connection at the same time, it is expedient to produce all tube connections of a row of tubes at the same time. If the distance between two heat exchanger tubes is very small, it is proposed that first every second tube connection of a tube row in a first operation and then the intermediate tube connection of the same row is made in a second operation.

Die Aufgabe, ein Werkzeug zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu schaffen, wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 5 gelöst. Damit beim Herstellen der Rohrverbindung die ordnungsgemäße Funktion des Preßelementes garantiert ist, sind Mittel zur Verriegelung des Preßelementes in der Schließstellung vorgesehen. Die beiden Teile des Preßelementes müssen zum Einbringen bzw. Entfernen des Werkzeugs relativ zueinander bewegbar sein, wobei die Möglichkeit besteht, die Teile des Preßelementes verschwenkbar oder längs- und querverschiebbar anzuordnen. Bei derartigen Anordnungen der Preßelemente bestehen die Mittel zur Verriegelung der Preßelemente im allgemeinen aus Stempeln, die kammartig angeordnet sind und jeweils zwischen zwei Preßelemente greifen und somit zwei benachbarte Preßelemente gegeneinander verkeilen.The object of creating a tool for carrying out the method according to the invention is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 5. So that the proper functioning of the pressing element is guaranteed when the pipe connection is made, means are provided for locking the pressing element in the closed position. The two parts of the press element must be inserted or removed of the tool can be moved relative to one another, with the possibility of arranging the parts of the pressing element so as to be pivotable or longitudinally and transversely displaceable. In such arrangements of the pressing elements, the means for locking the pressing elements generally consist of punches which are arranged like a comb and each grip between two pressing elements and thus wedge two adjacent pressing elements against one another.

Eine andere Anordnung der Preßelemente und Verriegelungsmittel besteht darin, daß die Preßelemente scherenförmig angeordnet sind, wobei auf einer Seite des Drehpunktes die Öffnung des Preßelementes und auf der anderen Seite des Drehpunktes Betätigungshebel angeordnet sind. Die Mittel zur Verriegelung sind dabei als drehbare Nocken ausgebildet, die auf die Betätigungshebel wirken.Another arrangement of the pressing elements and locking means is that the pressing elements are arranged in a scissor-like manner, the opening of the pressing element being arranged on one side of the fulcrum and actuating levers being arranged on the other side of the fulcrum. The locking means are designed as rotatable cams which act on the actuating levers.

Das erfindungsgemäße Werkzeug kann je nach Typ des Wärmetauschers unterschiedlich ausgestaltet sein, wobei die Preßelemente Öffnungen kreisförmigen Querschnitts besitzen können oder auch für Wärmetauscher mit elliptischen oder ovalen Rohren der Öffnungsquerschnitt elliptisch oder oval ist. Zur Umrüstung. des Werkzeugs auf den jeweiligen Wärmetauschertyp sind daher lediglich die Preßelemente mit dem jeweils erforderlichen Öffnungsquerschnitt auszutauschen ; im übrigen bleibt die Anordnung unverändert. Um eine gleichmäßige Verformung der Rohre und eine Selbstzentrierung beim axialen Verschieben der Preßelemente über die rohrförmigen Teile zu erreichen, besitzt die Öffnung des Preßelementes zwei axial aufeinanderfolgende konische Abschnitte gleicher Richtung mit unterschiedlichen Öffnungswinkeln.The tool according to the invention can be designed differently depending on the type of heat exchanger, the pressing elements being able to have openings of circular cross section or the opening cross section for heat exchangers with elliptical or oval tubes being elliptical or oval. For retrofitting. of the tool for the respective heat exchanger type, therefore, only the pressing elements with the respectively required opening cross section have to be replaced; otherwise the arrangement remains unchanged. In order to achieve a uniform deformation of the tubes and a self-centering when the pressing elements are axially displaced over the tubular parts, the opening of the pressing element has two axially successive conical sections of the same direction with different opening angles.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie das Werkzeug zu dessen Durchführung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The method according to the invention and the tool for carrying it out are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

In der Zeichnung zeigt :

  • Figur 1-4 verschiedene Abschnitte eines Ausführungsbeispieles des Verfahrens,
  • Figur 5 die Draufsicht auf ein Preßelement mit kreisförmiger Öffnung,
  • Figur 6 die Draufsicht auf ein Preßelement mit elliptischer Öffnung,
  • Figur 7 die Vorderansicht eines Preßelementes,
  • Figur 8 und 9 Verfahrensabschnitte einer RohrBoden-Verbindung,
  • Figur 10 und 11 einen Wärmetauscher mit einem Werkzeug zur Herstellung der Rohrverbindung mit Preßelementen in geöffnetem und geschlossenem Zustand,
  • Figur 12 eine Ausführungsvariante zu Figur 11,
  • Figur 13 einen Schnitt nach der Linie XIII-XIII in Figur 12,
  • Figur 14 und 15 eine Anordnung gemäß Figur 10 und 11 mit einer anderen Ausführung von Preßelementen,
  • Figur 16 und 17 eine Ausführungsvariante zu
  • Figur 12 mit scherenförmigen Preßelementen in geöffnetem und geschlossenem Zustand,
  • Figur 18 eine Verbindungsanordnung zweier stumpf aneinanderstoßender Rohrstutzen.
The drawing shows:
  • FIG. 1-4 different sections of an exemplary embodiment of the method,
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of a pressing element with a circular opening,
  • FIG. 6 shows the top view of a pressing element with an elliptical opening,
  • FIG. 7 the front view of a pressing element,
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 process sections of a pipe-floor connection,
  • 10 and 11 a heat exchanger with a tool for producing the pipe connection with pressing elements in the open and closed state,
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment variant of FIG. 11,
  • FIG. 13 shows a section along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12,
  • 14 and 15 show an arrangement according to FIGS. 10 and 11 with a different embodiment of pressing elements,
  • Figures 16 and 17 a variant
  • FIG. 12 with scissor-shaped pressing elements in the open and closed state,
  • Figure 18 shows a connection arrangement of two butt-jointed pipe sockets.

In Figur 1 sind zwei Enden von Rohren 1 und 2 ineinandergesteckt, wobei das Rohr 1 ein aufgetulptes Ende 3 aufweist. Durch die Länge des aufgetulpten Endes 3 des Rohres 1 wird die Einstecklänge des Rohres 2 bestimmt. Mit Bezugszeichen 4 und 5 sind jeweils zwei Teile eines Preßelementes 6 bezeichnet, die sich in geöffnetem Zustand des Preßelementes befinden. Mit Pfeilen 7 ist die Bewegungsrichtung der Teile 4 und 5 des Preßelementes 6 angegeben.In Figure 1, two ends of tubes 1 and 2 are inserted into one another, the tube 1 having a sculpted end 3. The insertion length of the tube 2 is determined by the length of the tapped end 3 of the tube 1. Reference numerals 4 and 5 each denote two parts of a pressing element 6, which are in the opened state of the pressing element. Arrows 7 indicate the direction of movement of parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6.

In Figur 2 sind die Rohre 1 und 2 in gleichem Zustand wie in Figur 1 dargestellt.In Figure 2, the tubes 1 and 2 are shown in the same state as in Figure 1.

Die Teile 4 und 5 des Preßelementes 6 befinden sich dabei in geschlossenem Zustand des Preßelementes, wodurch sich eine konische Öffnung 9 im Preßelement 6 ergibt. Auf der dem aufgetulpten Ende 3 zugewandten Seite weist die konische Öffnung 9 einen Konus 10 mit größerem Öffnungswinkel auf, der zur einfachen Zentrierung der Rohre im Preßelement dient. Mit Pfeilen 8 ist die relative Bewegung des Preßelementes gegenüber den Rohren nach dem Schließen der Teile 4 und 5 des Preßelementes 6 angedeutet. Der Durchmesser der konischen Öffnung 9 ist auf der dem Rohr 1 abgewandten Seite geringer als der äußere Durchmesser des aufgetulpten Endes 3.The parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 are in the closed state of the pressing element, which results in a conical opening 9 in the pressing element 6. On the side facing the end 3, the conical opening 9 has a cone 10 with a larger opening angle, which is used for simple centering of the tubes in the pressing element. Arrows 8 indicate the relative movement of the pressing element with respect to the tubes after the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 have been closed. The diameter of the conical opening 9 on the side facing away from the tube 1 is smaller than the outer diameter of the end 3 that is topped.

In Figur 3 sind die ineinandergesteckten Rohre 1 und 2 nach der durch die axiale Bewegung des Preßelementes 6 erfolgten Verformung dargestellt. Dabei ist ersichtlich, daß das ursprünglich aufgetulpte Ende des Rohres 1 nunmehr plastisch radial nach innen verformt ist und dadurch seinerseits auf das eingesteckte Ende des Rohres 2 wirkt. Das Ende des Rohres 2 ist ebenfalls radial nach innen verformt, wobei diese Verformung mindestens teilweise elastisch ist, wodurch sich mit dem Rohr 1 ein starker Preßsitz ergibt.In Figure 3, the nested pipes 1 and 2 are shown after the deformation caused by the axial movement of the pressing element 6. It can be seen that the originally tulipped end of the tube 1 is now plastically deformed radially inwards and thereby in turn acts on the inserted end of the tube 2. The end of the tube 2 is also deformed radially inwards, this deformation being at least partially elastic, which results in a strong press fit with the tube 1.

Wie aus Figur 4 ersichtlich ist, werden nach Herstellung der Rohrverbindung die Teile 4 und 5 des Preßelementes in Richtung der Pfeile 11, also radial nach außen, bewegt, d. h. das Preßelement 6 wird geöffnet und kann entfernt werden.As can be seen from Figure 4, the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element are moved in the direction of arrows 11, ie radially outwards, after the pipe connection has been made, ie. H. the pressing element 6 is opened and can be removed.

Wird eine derartige Rohrverbindung für Verdampfer oder Kondensatoren von Klimaanlagen vorgesehen, so ist es zweckmäßig, das Ende des Rohres 2, das in das aufgetulpte Ende 3 des Rohres 1 gesteckt wird, an seiner Mantelfläche mit einem Klebstoff zu bestreichen, damit die für Kältemittel erforderliche Dichtheit erzielt wird. Zur Erhöhung der mechanischen Festigkeit ist der Klebstoff nicht notwendig.If such a pipe connection is provided for evaporators or condensers of air conditioning systems, it is expedient to coat the end of the pipe 2, which is inserted into the end 3 of the pipe 1, on its outer surface with an adhesive, so that the tightness required for refrigerants is achieved. The adhesive is not necessary to increase the mechanical strength.

In Figur 5 ist ein Preßelement 6 dargestellt, das aus zwei Teilen 4 und 5 besteht und eine konische Öffnung 9 aufweist, durch deren Mitte die Teilungsebene des Preßelementes 6 verläuft.FIG. 5 shows a pressing element 6, which consists of two parts 4 and 5 and has a conical opening 9, through the center of which the parting plane of the pressing element 6 runs.

In Figur 6 ist ein Preßelement 6' für Rohrverbindungen mit elliptischem Querschnitt dargestellt, wobei das Preßelement 6' aus Teilen 4' und 5' besteht und die Teilungsebene entlang der Hauptachse der im Querschnitt elliptischen und in axialer Richtung konischen Öffnung 9' verläuft.FIG. 6 shows a pressing element 6 'for pipe connections with an elliptical cross section, the pressing element 6' consisting of parts 4 'and 5' and the parting plane running along the main axis of the opening 9 'which is elliptical in cross section and conical in the axial direction.

In Figur 7 ist die Vorderansicht eines Preßelementes 6 mit konischer Öffnung 9 und Anlaufkonus 10 dargestellt. Ein Teil 4 des Preßelementes 6 weist in der Teilungsebene einen auf das andere Teil 5 gerichteten Vorsprung 16 auf, der in eine entsprechende Vertiefung 17 des Teils 5 eingreift und somit in Richtung der Hochachse des Preßelementes 6 eine formschlüssige Verbindung bildet. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, daß die Teile 4 und 5 des Preßelementes 6 in geschlossenem Zustand in Richtung der Hochachse keine Abweichung aufweisen und somit die konische Öffnung 9 stets exakt gebildet wird.FIG. 7 shows the front view of a pressing element 6 with a conical opening 9 and a starting cone 10. A part 4 of the pressing element 6 has one on the other in the division plane Part 5 directed projection 16 which engages in a corresponding recess 17 of part 5 and thus forms a positive connection in the direction of the vertical axis of the pressing element 6. In this way it is achieved that the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 in the closed state have no deviation in the direction of the vertical axis and thus the conical opening 9 is always formed exactly.

Figur 8 zeigt einen Rohrstutzen eines Bodens, auf den ein aufgetulptes Ende 3 eines Rohres 1 gesteckt ist. An der Mantelfläche des Rohrstutzens 12 sind mehrere in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Vorsprünge 14 vorgesehen, zwischen denen Nuten 15 gebildet sind. Zwischen dem Boden 13 und dem aufgetulpten Ende 3 des Rohres 1 befindet sich das Preßelement 6, dessen Teile 4 und 5 bereits geschlossen sind und den Rohrstutzen 12 ringförmig umschließen.Figure 8 shows a pipe socket of a floor, on which a sculpted end 3 of a pipe 1 is inserted. A plurality of projections 14 running in the circumferential direction are provided on the lateral surface of the pipe socket 12, between which grooves 15 are formed. Between the bottom 13 and the end 3 of the tube 1, the pressing element 6 is located, the parts 4 and 5 of which are already closed and surround the pipe socket 12 in an annular manner.

Figur 9 zeigt die Anordnung gemäß Figur 8 in dem Zustand nach dem axialen Verschieben des Preßelementes 6. Wie bereits zu Figur 1-4 beschrieben, erfolgt aufgrund der Abmessungen der konischen Öffnung 9 im Preßelement 6 und dem Außendurchmesser des aufgetulpten Endes 3 während der relativen axialten Verschiebung eine Verformung des aufgetulpten Endes 3 radial nach innen. Aufgrund der radialen Verformung quetscht sich das Material des aufgetulpten Endes 3 teilweise in die Nuten 15, wodurch sich eine formschlüssige Verbindung des Rohrstutzens 12 mit dem Rohr 1 ergibt.FIG. 9 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 8 in the state after the axial displacement of the pressing element 6. As already described for FIGS. 1-4, the dimensions of the conical opening 9 in the pressing element 6 and the outer diameter of the tipped end 3 take place during the relative axial Displacement a deformation of the tulip end 3 radially inwards. Due to the radial deformation, the material of the end 3 topped up partially squeezes into the grooves 15, resulting in a positive connection of the pipe socket 12 with the pipe 1.

In Figur 10 ist die Draufsicht auf einen Wärmetauscher 18 gezeigt, der zwei Reihen yon Rohren 19 und 20 umfaßt. In der Rohrreihe 19 sind die teleskopartig ineinandergesteckten Rohre 1 und 2 dargestellt. Das Werkzeug zur Herstellung der Rohrverbindungen umfaßt mehrere Preßelemente 6, wobei die Anzahl der Preßelemente genau der Hälfte der Anzahl von Rohren einer Rohrreihe entspricht und die Anordnung so getroffen ist, daß zwischen zwei Rohren, denen ein Preßelement zugeordnet ist, sich jeweils ein Rohr ohne Preßelement befindet.FIG. 10 shows a top view of a heat exchanger 18 which comprises two rows of tubes 19 and 20. In the row of tubes 19, the telescopically nested tubes 1 and 2 are shown. The tool for producing the pipe connections comprises a plurality of pressing elements 6, the number of pressing elements corresponding exactly to half the number of pipes in a row of pipes and the arrangement being such that between two pipes to which a pressing element is associated there is a pipe without a pressing element located.

Jedes der Preßelemente 6 verfügt über zwei Teile 4 und 5, die auf einem Zapfen 21 gegeneinander schwenkbar gelagert sind und sich in der Darstellung gemäß Figur 10 in ihrer Offenstellung befinden. Die Teile 4 und 5 weisen jeweils eine halbe Öffnung 9 auf. Zwischen zwei Preßelementen 6 befindet sich jeweils ein Stempel 22 in ausgerückter Stellung, wodurch das Auseinanderschwenken der Teile 4 und 5 der Preßelemente 6 möglich ist. In dieser Stellung können die Preßelemente an die zu verbindenden Rohre gefahren und auch nach Herstellen der Verbindung wieder entfernt werden. Zum selbständigen Auseinanderschwenken der Teile 4 und 5 nach dem Entriegeln können Spreizfedern vorgesehen sein, die die Teile 4 und 5 in Öffnungsrichtung des Preßelementes 6 belasten.Each of the pressing elements 6 has two parts 4 and 5 which are pivotally mounted on a pin 21 and are in their open position in the illustration according to FIG. 10. The parts 4 and 5 each have a half opening 9. Between two pressing elements 6 there is in each case a punch 22 in the disengaged position, whereby the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 can be pivoted apart. In this position, the pressing elements can be moved to the pipes to be connected and can also be removed after the connection has been made. For the independent pivoting apart of the parts 4 and 5 after unlocking, spreading springs can be provided which load the parts 4 and 5 in the opening direction of the pressing element 6.

In Figur 11 ist ein Wärmetauscher 18 gemäß Figur 10 gezeigt, wobei jedoch die Preßelemente 6 in geschlossenem Zustand, d. h. in der Stellung, in der das Herstellen der Rohrverbindungen ermöglicht wird, dargestellt sind. Das Schließen der Preßelemente 6 sowie das Geschlossenhalten während der Herstellung der Rohrverbindungen erfolgt durch die zwischen die Preßelemente 6 gefahrenen Stempel 22, die für die Verriegelung der schwenkbaren Teile 4 und 5 der Preßelemente 6 sorgen. Die Stempel 22 weisen Aussparungen 23 auf, die zum Umgreifen der jeweils zwischen zwei Preßelementen 6 befindlichen Rohre 19 vorgesehen sind.FIG. 11 shows a heat exchanger 18 according to FIG. 10, but with the pressing elements 6 in the closed state, ie. H. in the position in which the production of the pipe connections is made possible. The pressing elements 6 are closed and kept closed during the production of the pipe connections by the punches 22 which are moved between the pressing elements 6 and which ensure that the pivotable parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 are locked. The punches 22 have recesses 23 which are provided for gripping the pipes 19 located between two pressing elements 6.

Wie in Figur 10 und 11 beschrieben, wird in einem ersten Arbeitsgang nur jede zweite Rohrverbindung einer Rohrreihe 19 hergestellt und in einem weiteren Arbeitsgang dann die restlichen Rohrverbindungen. Zum Herstellen der Rohrverbindungen für die Rohrreihe 20 wird der Wärmetauscher entsprechend gedreht und dann wird nach dem zu Figur 10 und 11 beschriebenen Verfahren vorgegangen.As described in FIGS. 10 and 11, only every second pipe connection of a row of pipes 19 is produced in a first work step and then the remaining pipe connections in a further work step. To produce the pipe connections for the row of pipes 20, the heat exchanger is rotated accordingly and then the procedure described for FIGS. 10 and 11 is followed.

Figur 12 zeigt eine Ausführungsvariante zu Figur 11, wobei wiederum ein Wärmetauscher 18' in der. Draufsicht gezeigt ist. Der Wärmetauscher verfügt über mehrere Rohrreihen 19, 24, 25, wobei jede der Rohrreihen über eine ungerade Anzahl von Rohren verfügt. Jedes Rohr 24 der innenliegenden Rohrreihe ist mit jeweils einem Rohr 25 der nachfolgenden Rohrreihe durch einen Rohrbogen 26 verbunden, wobei die Rohre 24 und 25 mit den Rohrbögen 26 beispielsweise durch Löten oder durch ein anderes der bekannten Verfahren verbunden sind. Die Rohrverbindung der Rohre 19 der Randreihe werden durch das erfindungsgemäße und bereits vorstehend beschriebene Verfahren hergestellt. Figur 12 zeigt die Preßelemente 6 in geschlossem Zustand mit Stempeln 22' in der Verriegelungsstellung der Preßelemente. Im Gegensatz zu Figur 11 ist bei dem in Figur 12 dargestellten Wärmetauscher genügend Platz zwischen zwei benachbarten Rohren 19, um die Preßelemente 6 zweier benachbarten Rohre in geöffnetem Zustand einfahren können, sodaß bei dieser Anordnung alle Rohrverbindungen einer Rohrreihe (19) in einem Arbeitsgang hergestellt werden können.FIG. 12 shows an embodiment variant of FIG. 11, again with a heat exchanger 18 ′ in the. Top view is shown. The heat exchanger has several rows of pipes 19, 24, 25, each of the rows of pipes having an odd number of pipes. Each tube 24 of the inner row of tubes is connected to a tube 25 of the subsequent row of tubes by a pipe bend 26, the pipes 24 and 25 being connected to the pipe bends 26, for example by soldering or by another of the known methods. The pipe connection of the pipes 19 of the edge row are produced by the method according to the invention and already described above. Figure 12 shows the pressing elements 6 in the closed state with stamps 22 'in the locking position of the pressing elements. In contrast to FIG. 11, in the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 12 there is enough space between two adjacent tubes 19 in order to be able to move the pressing elements 6 of two adjacent tubes in the open state, so that with this arrangement all tube connections of a row of tubes (19) can be produced in one operation can.

In Figur 13 ist der Schnitt nach der Linie XIII-XIII in Figur 12 dargestellt. Auf der rechten Seite in Figur 13 ist ein Teil eines Verdampferblocks 18' dargestellt, aus dem die Enden der Rohre 19 und 24 ragen. Das Ende des Rohres 24 ist mit einem Rohrbogen 26 verbunden. In das aufgetulpte Ende des Rohres 19 ist ein Anschlußstutzen 12 eines Kältemittelverteilerkastens 28 gesteckt. Auf der linken Seite in Figur 13 befindet sich ein Werkzeughauptkörper 27, der einen Zapfen 21 aufweist, auf dem die Teile 4 und 5 des Preßelementes 6 schwenkbar gelagert sind. Um die beiden Teile 4 und 5 in axialer Richtung zu fixieren ist das obere Ende des Zapfens 21 in einem am Hauptkörper 27 angeschraubten Bügel 28 gelagert. Auf der Oberkante des Werkzeughauptkörpers 27 sind die kammartig angeordneten Stempel 22' in Längsrichtung der Preßelemente verschiebbar angeordnet. Die beiden Teile 4 und 5 des Preßelementes 6 umschließen den Anschlußstutzen 12, dessen Durchmesser etwas geringer ist als der kleinste Durchmesser der konischen Bohrung 9 des Preßelementes 6. Mit XII-XII ist die Schnittlinie angegeben, nach der die Ansicht der Figur 12 dargestellt ist.FIG. 13 shows the section along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12. On the right-hand side in FIG. 13, part of an evaporator block 18 'is shown, from which the ends of the tubes 19 and 24 protrude. The end of the tube 24 is connected to an elbow 26. A connection piece 12 of a refrigerant distribution box 28 is inserted into the end of the tube 19 that is tapped. On the left side in FIG. 13 there is a main tool body 27 which has a pin 21 on which the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 are pivotably mounted. In order to fix the two parts 4 and 5 in the axial direction, the upper end of the pin 21 is mounted in a bracket 28 screwed onto the main body 27. On the upper edge of the main tool body 27, the comb-like punches 22 'are arranged displaceably in the longitudinal direction of the pressing elements. The two parts 4 and 5 of the pressing element 6 enclose the connecting piece 12, the diameter of which is somewhat is smaller than the smallest diameter of the conical bore 9 of the pressing element 6. XII-XII indicates the section line according to which the view in FIG. 12 is shown.

Zur Herstellung der Verbindung zwischen dem Anschlußstutzen 12 und dem Rohr 19 wird der Verdampferblock nach oben bewegt, wodurch das Preßelement 6 über das Verdampferrohr 19 geschoben wird. Wie bereits zu Figur 1-4 eingehen beschrieben, erfolgt durch diesen Vorgang eine radial nach innen gerichtete plastische Verformung des Rohres .19 und eine mindestens teilweise elastische Verformung des Anschlußstutzens 12.To establish the connection between the connecting piece 12 and the tube 19, the evaporator block is moved upward, whereby the pressing element 6 is pushed over the evaporator tube 19. As already described in relation to FIGS. 1-4, this process results in a radially inward plastic deformation of the pipe 19 and an at least partially elastic deformation of the connecting piece 12.

Figur 14 zeigt die Draufsicht auf einen Wärmetauscher 18 mit zwei Rohrreihen 19 und 20. Entsprechend der Anzahl der Rohre einer Rohrreihe sind Preßelemente 6* vorgesehen, die jeweils aus Teilen 4* und 5* bestehen. In der Teilungsebene der Preßelemente 6* befindet sich jeweils eine Hälfte einer konischen Öffnung 9*, die den zuvor bereits beschriebenen Öffnungen 9 entspricht. In der Teilungsebene weist Teil 5* einen Vorsprung 30 auf, wohingegen am Teil 4* eine Vertiefung 31 vorgesehen ist, deren Kontur exakt dem Vorsprung 30 entspricht. Vorsprung 30 und Vertiefung 31 sind so angeordnet, daß sie formschlüssig ineinandergreifen, wenn die Teile 4* und 5* die konische Öffnung 9* bei geschlossenem Zustand der Preßelemente 6* bilden. Die Teile 4* und 5* sind am Werkzeug so befestigt, daß sie gegeneinander längs und querverschiebbar gelagert sind. Figur 14 zeigt die Preßelemente 6* in geöffnetem Zustand, d. h. in der Stellung, in der das Werkzeug in die Rohrreihe einführbar bzw. nach Herstellung der Rohrverbindungen entformbar sind.FIG. 14 shows the top view of a heat exchanger 18 with two rows of pipes 19 and 20. According to the number of pipes in a row of pipes, pressing elements 6 * are provided, each consisting of parts 4 * and 5 * . One half of a conical opening 9 * , which corresponds to the previously described openings 9, is located in the division plane of the pressing elements 6 * . In the division plane, part 5 * has a projection 30, whereas on part 4 * there is a recess 31, the contour of which corresponds exactly to the projection 30. Projection 30 and recess 31 are arranged so that they interlock positively when the parts 4 * and 5 * form the conical opening 9 * when the pressing elements 6 * are closed. The parts 4 * and 5 * are attached to the tool in such a way that they are mounted against each other longitudinally and transversely. FIG. 14 shows the pressing elements 6 * in the open state, ie in the position in which the tool can be inserted into the row of pipes or can be removed from the mold after the pipe connections have been made.

Figur 15 zeigt die Anordnung gemäß Figur 14 mit in Schließstellung befindlichen Preßelementen 6*. Es ist daraus ersichtlich, daß in dieser Stellung der Vorsprung 30 vollständlg in der Vertiefung 31 liegt und somit die Teile 4* und 5* formschlüssig ineinandergreifen. Die Preßelemente 6* bilden die konischen Öffnungen 9*, mit denen die zu verbindenden Rohre fest umschlossen werden. Zur Fixierung der Preßelemente 6* in ihrer Schließstellung dienen die kammartig angeordneten Stempel 22', die die Teile 4* und 5* gegeneinander verspannen.FIG. 15 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 14 with pressing elements 6 * in the closed position. It can be seen from this that in this position the projection 30 lies completely in the recess 31 and thus the parts 4 * and 5 * interlock positively. The pressing elements 6 * form the conical openings 9 * , with which the pipes to be connected are firmly enclosed. The rams 22 ′ arranged in the manner of a comb, which clamp the parts 4 * and 5 * against one another, serve to fix the pressing elements 6 * in their closed position.

Figur 16 zeigt einen Wärmetauscher 18, der zwei Rohrreihen 19 und 20 umfaßt. Die Preßelemente 6 bestehen aus scherenförmig angeordneten Teilen 4 und 5, die um einen Zapfen 21 schwenkbar gelagert sind. Auf einer Seite des durch den Zapfen 21 gebildeten Drehpunktes weisen die Teile 4 und 5 jeweils eine Hälfte der konischen Öffnung 9 auf. Auf der anderen Seite des Drehpunktes sind die Teile 4 und 5 der Preßelemente 6 als Betätigungshebel 37 und 38 verlängert, die mit drehbaren Nocken 32 in Wechselwirkung stehen. Die drehbaren Nocken 32 sind zu zweit an einer Welle 33 gegenüberliegend angeordnet, daß durch eine Winkeldrehung von 90° die Preßelemente 6 jeweils von der Schließstellung in die Offenstellung gebracht werden.FIG. 16 shows a heat exchanger 18 which comprises two rows of pipes 19 and 20. The pressing elements 6 consist of scissor-shaped parts 4 and 5 which are pivotally mounted about a pin 21. On one side of the pivot point formed by the pin 21, the parts 4 and 5 each have one half of the conical opening 9. On the other side of the fulcrum, the parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 are extended as actuating levers 37 and 38, which interact with rotatable cams 32. The rotatable cams 32 are arranged opposite each other on a shaft 33 that the pressing elements 6 are each brought from the closed position into the open position by an angular rotation of 90 °.

Während Figur 16 die Preßelemente 6 in geöffnetem Zustand darstellt, zeigt Figur 17 die Anordnung in geschlossenem Zustand. Dabei ist ersichtlich, daß die Nocken 32 um 90° gedreht sind und somit das Zuspannen der Preßelemente 6 bewirken. Da jeweils zwei gegenüberliegende Nocken 32 an einer Welle 33 angeordnet sind, wirken die beiden Nocken 32 einer Welle 33 auf einen Hebel 37 eines Preßelementes 6 und auf einen Hebel 38 des nächsten Preßelementes 6. Somit werden durch die drehbaren Nocken 32 nicht nur die einzelnen Teile 4 und 5 der Preßelemente 6 zugespannt, sondern auch jeweils zwei aufeinanderfolgende Preßelemente 6 gegeneinander verspannt..16 shows the pressing elements 6 in the open state, FIG. 17 shows the arrangement in the closed state. It can be seen that the cams 32 are rotated by 90 ° and thus cause the pressing elements 6 to be tightened. Since two opposing cams 32 are arranged on a shaft 33, the two cams 32 of a shaft 33 act on a lever 37 of a pressing element 6 and on a lever 38 of the next pressing element 6. Thus, the rotatable cams 32 not only make the individual parts 4 and 5 of the pressing elements 6 clamped, but also clamped two successive pressing elements 6 against each other.

In Figur 18 ist dargestellt, wie zwei Rohrstutzen, die beispielsweise aufgrund ihrer Wandstärke nicht teleskopartig ineinanderschiebbar sind oder bei denen eine entsprechende plastische Verformung aufgrund der Materialeigenschaften nicht möglich ist, durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren verbunden werden können. Es sind in Figur 18 zwei Rohrstutzen 34 und 35 gezeigt, die stumpf aneinander stoßen. Die Rohrstutzen 34 und 35 haben ebenso wie der Rohrstutzen 12 in Figur 8 und 9 an ihren Mantelflächen in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Nuten 15. Ein Verbindungsrohr 36 ist einerseits über den Rohrstutzen 34 und andererseits über den Rohrstutzen 35 geschoben. Mit dem aus Teilen 4 und 5 bestehenden Preßelement ist das Verbindungsrohr 36 plastisch radial nach innen verformt und dabei in die Nuten 15 gequetscht worden.FIG. 18 shows how two pipe sockets, which cannot be telescoped due to their wall thickness, for example, or where a corresponding plastic deformation is not possible due to the material properties, can be connected by the method according to the invention. FIG. 18 shows two pipe sockets 34 and 35 which abut each other. The pipe sockets 34 and 35, like the pipe socket 12 in FIGS. 8 and 9, have grooves 15 running in the circumferential direction on their circumferential surfaces. A connecting pipe 36 is pushed on the one hand over the pipe socket 34 and on the other hand over the pipe socket 35. With the pressing element consisting of parts 4 and 5, the connecting tube 36 has been plastically deformed radially inward and has been squeezed into the grooves 15 in the process.

Claims (13)

1. Method of connecting inter-fitted tubular parts (1, 2, 3, 12, 34, 35, 36) of a heat exchanger with a plurality of mutually parallel tubes, in which the tubular parts (1, 2, 3, 12, 34, 35, 36) to be connected are deformed radially inwardly by means of annular pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) comprising an aperture (9, 9', 9*), axial movement of the pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) resulting in a plastic deformation of the outer tubular parts (3, 36) and an at least partially elastic deformation of the inner tubular parts (2, 12, 34, 35), characterised in that after the tubular parts (1, 2, 3, 12, 34, 35, 36) have been fitted together, a plurality of pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) each of which has a conical aperture (9, 9', 9*) extending over its total axial length, are brought simultaneously into a position in which the wide end of their conical apertures (9, 9', 9*) is towards the junction point and annularly surrounds the parts, the pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) then being moved simultaneously and in an axial direction over the inter-fitted tubular parts (1, 2, 3, 12, 34, 35, 36) producing a gradual deformation, the pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) finally being simultaneously opened and removed.
2. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that two-part pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) while in the opened condition are moved radially or tangentially into the junction points of adjacent zones over the tubular parts (2, 12, 34), being then closed and locked and, once the tube joint has been made, being unlocked and removed in the opposite direction.
3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that all tube joints of one row of tubes (19, 20) are produced simultaneously.
4. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that initially every second tube joint in a row of tubes (19) is produced in a first operation, after which the intermediate tube joints of the same row (19) are produced in a second operation.
5. Tool for connecting inter-fitted tubular parts (1, 2, 3, 12, 34, 35, 36) of a heat exchanger having a plurality of mutually parallel tubes with two-part annular pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) in which the plane of division extends in the longitudinal direction of the pressing elements (6, 6', 6*), dividing the apertures (9, 9', 9*) symmetrically into two halves, both parts (4, 5 ; 4', 5' ; 4*, 5*) of the pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) being movable relative to each other, characterised in that a plurality of pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) are provided, each of the pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) having a conical aperture (9, 9', 9*) extending over the total axial length and in that a plurality of means (22, 22', 32) are provided for locking all the pressing elements (6, 6', 6*) in the closed position.
6. Tool according to Claim 5, characterised in that both parts of each pressing element (6) are pivotable towards each other.
7. Tool according to Claim 5, characterised in that both parts (4*, 5*) of each pressing element (6*) are adapted for displacement longitudinally and transversely in respect of each other.
8. Tool according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the means of locking are plungers (22, 22') disposed in a comb-like arrangement and which are displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the pressing elements (6, 6*) in order to produce the locking or unlocking effect.
9. Tool according to Claim 6, characterised in that the parts (4, 5) of the pressing element (6) are disposed in a scissor-like arrangement, the openings (9) of the pressing elements (6) being disposed on one side of pivot points (21) while actuating levers (37, 38) are disposed on the other side, the locking means being rotatable cams (32) which act on the actuating levers (37, 38).
10. Tool according to one of Claims 5 to 9, characterised in that the openings (9, 9') of the pressing elements (6, 6') have a circular, elliptical or oval cross-section.
11. Tool according to one of Claims 5 to 10, characterised in that the openings (9, 9') of the pressing elements have two successive conical portions of the same direction but with different angles of opening.
12. Tool according to Claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the pressing elements (6, 6*) have in the region of the plane of division a projection (16, 30) on one part (4, 5*) and a corresponding depression (17, 31) on the other part (5, 4*) and in that when the pressing elements (6, 6*) are in the closed condition, the projection (16, 30) is disposed in form-locking manner in the depression (17, 31).
EP83107017A 1982-08-31 1983-07-18 Method of connecting tubular work pieces plugged into one another, and tool for carrying out the method Expired EP0102491B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3232297 1982-08-31
DE3232297A DE3232297C2 (en) 1982-08-31 1982-08-31 Method for connecting nested tubular parts of a heat exchanger and tool for carrying out the method

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0102491A2 EP0102491A2 (en) 1984-03-14
EP0102491A3 EP0102491A3 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0102491B1 true EP0102491B1 (en) 1988-04-13

Family

ID=6172107

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EP83107017A Expired EP0102491B1 (en) 1982-08-31 1983-07-18 Method of connecting tubular work pieces plugged into one another, and tool for carrying out the method

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US (1) US4574444A (en)
EP (1) EP0102491B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5950928A (en)
BR (1) BR8304601A (en)
DE (2) DE3232297C2 (en)
ES (2) ES282111Y (en)
MX (1) MX156982A (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES282111Y (en) 1985-11-01
DE3376257D1 (en) 1988-05-19
ES282111U (en) 1985-04-01
DE3232297C2 (en) 1985-05-09
MX156982A (en) 1988-10-18
ES8403758A1 (en) 1984-05-01
US4574444A (en) 1986-03-11
JPS5950928A (en) 1984-03-24
ES524326A0 (en) 1984-05-01
EP0102491A2 (en) 1984-03-14
EP0102491A3 (en) 1985-05-15
DE3232297A1 (en) 1984-03-01
BR8304601A (en) 1984-04-03

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