Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
  • C08G69/14—Lactams
  • C08G69/16—Preparatory processes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/08—Processes
  • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/69—Polymers of conjugated dienes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
  • C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
  • C08G69/14—Lactams

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the production of block copolyamide having high impact resistance.
• An alkali polymerization process of w-lactam in which the w-lactam is polymerized by heating in the presence of a strong alkali catalyst and a polymerization accelerator is known.
• Polyamide produced by the alkali polymerization process has advantages over those polyamides produced by polymerizing w-lactam in the presence of water in that the tensile strength and flexural strength are great, the water absorption is low, and the heat distortion temperature is high.
• it is not desirable because its elongation is small and impact strength low.
• several attempts have been made to improve the disadvantages of low impact strength and small elongation while making the best use of the advantages of the alkali polymerization process.
• JP-A-15319/77 has received attention as a method of greatly improving Izod impact strength.
• a sufficient amount of polybutadiene to improve impact strength is added by the one-shot process and, therefore, unreacted polybutadiene remains, causing various problems; e.g., the unreacted polybutadiene comes out onto the surface of the polyamide (bleeding), and the surface of the polyamide is very tacky and has bad appearance. In some cases, the bleeding occurs during the polymerization. Thus, it cannot be said that the method disclosed in JP-A-15319/77 is sufficiently satisfactory for practical use.
• the present invention relates to a process for producing high impact block copolyamide which comprises anion polymerizing at least one type of w-lactam in the presence as a polymerization accelerator of a prepolymer obtained by previously reacting a butadiene homopolymer and/or a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, said homopolymer and copolymer containing hydroxyl groups at both terminals thereof, with polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate at an equivalent ratio of isocyanate group to hydroxyl group (NCO/OH) of 1:1 or more.
• the butadiene homopolymer or butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer is previously reacted with the isocyanate to form a prepolymer and used as one component of the prepolymer.
• the present invention is advantageous in that the polybutadiene is not liberated and does not come out to the surface of polyamide, i.e., bleeding of the polybutadiene does not occur.
• the butadiene homopolymers containing hydroxyl groups at both terminals thereof which can be used in the process of the present invention are such that the molecular skeleton is polybutadiene and both terminals have an allyl type primary hydroxy group having an excellent reactivity, and are commercially available products such as Polybd R-45HT and Polybd R-45M (trade names for the products produced by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.), NISSO-PBG-1000, 2000, and 3000 (trade names for the products produced by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.), Poly B-D Liquid Resins R-15M (trade name for the product produced by Sinclair Petrochemicals, Inc.).
• Polybd R-45HT and R-45M represented by the formula wherein trans-1,4 structure is 60%, cis-1,4 structure is 20%, vinyl-1,2 structure is 20%, the average molecular weight is 3,000 to 4,000, and n is 50 to 55.
• the butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers containing hydroxyl groups at both terminals thereof are such that both terminals have an allyl type primary hydroxy group having an excellent reactivity, and are commercially available.
• the specific and preferred example thereof is Polybd CN-15 (trade name for the product produced by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) represented by the formula wherein a is 0.85, b is 0.15, n is 78 to 87, and the average molecular weight is 3,000 to 4,000.
• butadiene homopolymer and/or butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer is reacted with the polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate and added as one component of the resulting prepolymer polymerization accelerator.
• the polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate is a polyisocyanate represented by the formula: wherein n is 0.1 to 0.9.
• PAPI trade name for the product produced by Kasei Abjon Co., Ltd.
• Sumijule 44V trade name for the product produced by Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd.
• the polyisocyanate and butadiene homopolymer or butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer are reacted after combining the reactants in an equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to hydroxyl groups (NCO/OH) of 1:1 or more, preferably from 1.5:1 to 10:1, most preferably 2:1 to 5:1.
• the reaction is generally carried out while stirring the reactants at from room temperature to 100°C for from 1 to 2 hours.
• prepolymers are commercially available.
• the preparation of the prepolymers is conventional, and the reaction temperature and reaction time is not particularly significant but the equivalent ratio of NCO/OH is important.
• Examples are Polybd HTP-9PA, HTP-4, and HTP-9 (trade names for the products manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.).
• Polybd HTP-4 and HTP-9 are represented by the formula: wherein n is 50 to 55 and Polybd HTP-9PA is represented by the formula: wherein m is the average value of about 0.1 to 0.9, and n is 50 to 55.
• Those prepolymers contain 2 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, of free isocyanates.
• the above-prepared prepolymer polymerization accelerator in an amount of from 2 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% by weight, most preferably 15 to 20% by weight, based on the weight of w-lactam.
• the prepolymer polymerization accelerator can be added to the ⁇ -lactam polymerization system in any suitable manner. In order to achieve uniform dispersion in a short period of time, it is most preferred that a solution prepared by mixing a w-lactam melted solution and the polymerization accelerator is mixed with a solution prepared by reaction melting the anion polymerization catalyst in the w-lactam melted solution.
• w-lactam refers to substantially anhydrous 5-membered or higher ring w-lactams, including 2-pyrrolidone, 2-piperidone, ⁇ -caprolactam, w-enantholactam, w-caprylolactam, w-pelargonolactam, w-decanolactam, w-undecanolactam, w-laurolactam, and mixtures comprising two or" more of the w-lactams.
• ⁇ -caprolactam, w-laurolactam and a mixture of e-caprolactam and ⁇ -laurolactam are advantageous and suitable for industrial use.
• any known strongly basic compound catalysts can be used, including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and hydrides, hydroxides, carbonates, and alkylated products of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, and reaction products of the above-described compound and w-lactam.
• the amount of the polymerization catalyst added is usually from 0.1 to 10 mole%, preferably 0.1 to 5 mole%, most preferably 1 to 3 mole%, per mole of the w-lactam.
• At least one w-lactam is polymerized at a temperature of from not lower than the melting point of the ⁇ -lactam to not higher than the melting point of the resulting polyamide in the presence of an anion polymerization catalyst (preferably) and said prepolymer polymerization accelerator.
• the prepolymer is prepared by reacting a polybutadiene-based polyol containing a soft segment, i.e., a butadiene homopolymer or butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer containing hydroxyl groups at both terminals thereof, with polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate within the equivalent ratio of isocyanate group to hydroxyl group (NCO/OH) of from 1.5:1 to 10:1.
• NCO/OH isocyanate within the equivalent ratio of isocyanate group to hydroxyl group
• the soft segment is introduced into the polyamide, disturbing the crystallinity of the polyamide. This makes it possible to obtain the polyamide having the desired impact resistance.
• various fillers such as glass fiber, wollastonite, carbon fiber, titanium dioxide or calcium carbonate powder may be added. If the amount of filler added is too large, the viscosity of the system increases, thereby causing difficulty on the operation. Therefore, the fillers are preferably added in an amount of up to 40 parts by
• Izod impact strength (notched) was measured in the absolutely dried condition according to JIS K-6810.
• HTP-9PA polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate prepolymer of hydroxy group-terminated liquid polybutadiene homopolymer; NCO%: 9%; manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
• the thus-produced block copolyamide did not show any bleeding of polybutadiene, and the Izod impact strength (notched) was 27.1 kg ⁇ cm/cm.
• Block copolyamide was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that HPT-SMLD (carbodiimide-modified 4,4'-diphenylmethaneisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer of hydroxyl group-terminated liquid polybutadiene homopolymer; NCO%: 4.4%; manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.) was used as a polymerization accelerator.
• HPT-SMLD carbbodiimide-modified 4,4'-diphenylmethaneisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer of hydroxyl group-terminated liquid polybutadiene homopolymer; NCO%: 4.4%; manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
• the Izod impact strength (notched) of the block copolyamide was 2.6 kg ⁇ cm/cm.
• the block copolyamide did not show any bleeding of polybutadiene.
• Polyamide was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 9.3 g of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pure MDI) (trade name: MILIONATE MT-F; manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was used as a polymerization accelerator.
• pure MDI 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
• MILIONATE MT-F manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Kogyo Co., Ltd.
• the Izod impact strength (notched) of the polyamide was 3.0 kg - cm/cm.
• the block copolyamide did not show any bleeding of polybutadiene.
• the process of the present invention is very useful for the production of high impact block copolyamide in view of the improved results obtained, as demonstrated above.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Polyamides (AREA)

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• 1982
  • 1982-03-27 JP JP57049326A patent/JPS58167623A/ja active Granted
• 1983
  • 1983-03-25 DE DE8383301707T patent/DE3372628D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1983-03-25 EP EP83301707A patent/EP0091250B1/en not_active Expired
  • 1983-03-28 US US06/479,237 patent/US4485213A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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