CN111057207A - 螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 cyano compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体及其制备方法,所述预聚体包括A组分和B组分,所述A组分包括端羟基液体橡胶、聚四氢呋喃二醇和聚醚多元醇;所述B组分包括异氰酸酯、氰酸酯、氰基化合物中的至少一种;所述端羟基液体橡胶、聚四氢呋喃二醇和聚醚多元醇的质量比为(0.2~1.0):(0.2~1.0):(0.2~1.0)。本发明通过结构设计,引入不同比例的不同分子链段,使得预聚体分子结构中兼具刚性与柔性链段,实现预聚体的结构可调可控;且活性基团的引入,也使得预聚体表现出良好的反应活性和加工性。通过本发明获得硬度、撕裂强度、拉伸强度等性能佳的反应型弹性体材料,可作为螺杆钻具用弹性体材料用于钻井技术领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机高分子技术领域,具体地,涉及一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体及其制备方法,所述弹性体材料的预聚体可作为螺杆钻具材料应用于钻井技术领域。
背景技术
随着钻探井环境的复杂程度和开采难度的不断提高,钻井作业的工作条件愈加苛刻,这对螺杆钻具用弹性体材料综合性能的要求越来越高。同时,螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、剥离强度、耐磨性、硬度、耐温特性等在特定使用条件下将直接影响材料的使用寿命和钻井成本。因此,通过分子设计提高材料的综合性能成为目前螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的研究热点及重要的发展方向之一。
目前,传统螺杆钻具用弹性体材料大多数为橡胶材质,其耐温性相对较低,这在一定程度上限制了弹性体材料在钻井作业中的使用环境,难以满足目前重点开发高温螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的要求;与此同时,传统螺杆钻具用橡胶材料的抗拉伸强度、撕裂强度和硬度等亦不出色,材料损耗速率较快,使用寿命较短,大大的降低了钻井的经济效益,无法满足目前降本增效的钻井作业的工艺要求及发展趋势。因此,一种新型螺杆钻具用弹性体材料便应运而生,这种材料既继承了传统材料耐磨、耐腐蚀等的优势,又兼具硬度高、耐温高、撕裂强度高及界面剥离强度高等特性,因此提高了材料的使用寿命,可更好的满足如今严苛的钻井作业环境;同时,该材料可通过一次加工成型,使螺杆钻具定子生产工艺更为简便,有益于提升勘探开发的效益。因此,新型螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的开发与研究在科学研究和应用领域方面将具有重大意义。
但是,目前常规的弹性体存在以下问题:(1)常规弹性体的硬度一般只能做到邵氏75A左右,并不是橡胶的硬度不能再高了,而是硬度再高后在制造钻具定子时,存在难以注胶(注不进去)以及胶体与定子管(金属)内壁粘结不牢或粘不住等问题;另外,现有技术中提高橡胶的硬度主要靠添加填料来实现,虽然硬度提高了,但胶体的撕裂强度难以提高,有的还要降低,在钻具实现大扭矩时容易掉块、损坏等。(2)常规弹性体随着应用温度升高会逐渐变软,即硬度保持性不好,用其制造的钻具动力不高且机械特性比较软,因而钻具动力性不高。(3)常规的聚氨酯弹性体耐水性较差,尤其不耐高压蒸汽,无法满足高温钻井作业的应用要求。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的缺陷,本发明的目的是提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体及其制备方法。旨在克服传统螺杆钻具用弹性体材料耐温性弱,硬度、撕裂强度及界面剥离强度低等不足;提供一种新型螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的制备技术;实现弹性体材料的预聚体结构可调可控;提高加工性并简化加工工艺。
本发明提供的预聚体制备的弹性材料,第一,很容易实现硬度提高,且硬度提高后还具有与金属较好的粘结工艺性,在制造钻具定子时能方便地保证胶体与定子管内壁的粘结强度。第二,在其应用温度范围内,硬度保持性好,不随温度升高而逐渐变软,有利于提高钻具的动力性。第三,在实现增提硬度的同时,其撕裂强度也将随之大幅提高,不用靠添加填料来实现,在钻具实现高动力性时材料能较好地保持自身不掉块、不松散等,确保钻具使用寿命。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
第一方面,本发明提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体,包括A组分和B组分,其中,所述A组分包括端羟基液体橡胶、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)和聚醚多元醇(PPG);所述B组分包括异氰酸酯、氰酸酯(CE)、氰基化合物中的至少一种;
所述端羟基液体橡胶、聚四氢呋喃二醇和聚醚多元醇的质量比为(0.2~1.0):(0.2~1.0):(0.2~1.0)。端羟基液体橡胶的作用为封端和提供交联点,聚四氢呋喃二醇和聚醚多元醇的作用为封端,三者的比例在该范围内调节,有利于控制预聚体的黏度、交联反应程度以及最终弹性体的综合性能。超出该范围的配比会导致预聚体黏度过大或过小,或者弹性体的最终性能不满足应用要求。
优选地,所述端羟基液体橡胶包括端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(HTBN)。通过选择端羟基液体丁腈橡胶不仅可增加弹性体的流动性,而且能用于封端和增加交联点,从而提高弹性体的交联程度和最终强度;若选用其他端羟基液体橡胶,由于不具备共交联反应的活性基团,难以实现交联程度的提高,从而影响弹性体的综合性能。
优选地,所述异氰酸酯包括甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)中的至少一种。若采用其他类型的异氰酸酯,如二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯等,会导致反应速率过快和反应产物综合性能不符合本发明的性能要求,不适用于本发明。
优选地,所述聚醚多元醇包括重均分子量为800~2000的丙二醇聚醚、重均分子量为400~4000的三羟甲基丙烷聚醚和重均分子量为400~2000的聚乙二醇中的至少一种。通过调节聚醚多元醇的种类和分子量,可有效控制预聚体的黏度和最终弹性体的硬度以及回复性。
优选地,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为(0.9:1.1)~(0.85:1.25)。A组分和B组分的比值为该范围时,两组分的封端反应较完全,反应程度较优异,最终预聚体的分子结构规整、可控。
更优选地,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为1:1。A组分:B组分=1:1时,两组分的封端反应最为完全,反应程度最为优异,最终预聚体的分子结构最为规整和可控。
第二方面,本发明提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将B组分置于反应容器中,升温、进行负压脱水处理;
S2、将A组分加入经步骤S1处理后的B组分中,在50-95℃温度下进行聚合反应;冷却至室温,即得。
优选地,步骤S1中,所述负压脱水处理的条件为:反应温度为50~70℃,脱水时间为0.5~2h。
优选地,步骤S2中,所述聚合反应的时间为3-8小时。
优选地,步骤S2中制得的的预聚体还需进行化学标定,以确定其后续固化反应基团含量。确定反应基团以确定后续的弹性体材料的加工成型条件,保证后续成型反应以可控的交联反应进行彻底。不进行化学标定的话无法准确控制后续交联反应的程度和反应条件,导致最终产物的性能无法最优的体现。
第三方面,本发明提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体在制备螺杆钻具定子中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
1、采用本发明制备的钻井用弹性体材料的预聚体可通过相应的结构设计及共聚反应获得,经一步成型工艺后可直接用于钻井作业,方法简便、节约钻井综合成本。
2、通过结构设计,引入不同比例的不同分子链段,使得此类预聚体分子结构中兼具刚性与柔性链段,实现所述预聚体的结构可调可控,并且,活性基团的引入,也使得所述预聚体表现出良好的反应活性和加工性。
3、通过调节反应单体的结构类型和配比,可得到性能可调可控的弹性体材料的预聚体,适用于多种作业环境。
4、该材料在传统橡胶材料基础上耐温性、硬度、撕裂强度和界面剥离强度均有较大提升,使该材料可更好地适应如今严苛的钻井环境。
5、该材料相比传统材料其使用寿命延长,加工工艺简化,且易实现工业化。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤(1)将20kg的甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)置于反应釜中,升温至50℃后进行负压脱水处理1h;
步骤(2)分别称取端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(10kg)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(6kg)、分子量为2000的聚乙二醇(4kg),按顺序依次逐渐滴加至步骤(1)中,在50℃下持续反应8小时;
步骤(3)待步骤(2)反应结束后,自然冷却至室温,即得到本发明所述螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体原浆;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)得到的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆进行化学标定,以确定其后续固化反应基团含量。
本实施例步骤(4)获得的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆颜色呈浅黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能,加工成型的方法为:通过阶段升温热处理(处理温度为60℃,80℃,100℃和120℃,每个温度下处理时间均为2h),得到性能良好的弹性体材料以下实施例2-5中采用相同的加工成型方法。
测试结果如下:拉伸强度为18.2MPa,断裂伸长率为638%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为5.7%,撕裂强度为76kN/m,邵氏硬度为84A,所有数据均高于螺杆钻具用材料的标准(HG/T 4382-2012)要求,能很好的满足钻探作业。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤(1)将20kg的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)置于反应釜中,升温至50℃后进行负压脱水处理1h;
步骤(2)分别称取端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(10kg)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(6kg)、分子量为4000的三羟甲基丙烷聚醚(4kg),按顺序依次逐渐滴加至步骤(1)中,在50℃下持续反应8小时;
步骤(3)待步骤(2)反应结束后,自然冷却至室温,即得到本发明所述螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体原浆;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)得到的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆进行化学标定,以确定其后续固化反应基团含量。
本实施例步骤(4)获得的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆颜色呈浅黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。测试结果如下:拉伸强度为17.8MPa,断裂伸长率为856%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为4.9%,撕裂强度为82kN/m,邵氏硬度为78A,所有数据均高于螺杆钻具用材料的标准(HG/T 4382-2012)要求,能很好的满足钻探作业。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤(1)将20kg的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)置于反应釜中,升温至50℃后进行负压脱水处理1h;
步骤(2)分别称取端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(6kg)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(10kg)、分子量为2000的丙二醇聚醚(4kg),按顺序依次逐渐滴加至步骤(1)中,在60℃下持续反应8小时;
步骤(3)待步骤(2)反应结束后,自然冷却至室温,即得到本发明所述螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体原浆;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)得到的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆进行化学标定,以确定其后续固化反应基团含量。
本实施例步骤(4)获得的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆颜色呈浅黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。结果如下:拉伸强度为19.7MPa,断裂伸长率为656%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为5.1%,撕裂强度为72kN/m,邵氏硬度为80A,所有数据均高于螺杆钻具用材料的标准(HG/T 4382-2012)要求,能很好的满足钻探作业。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤(1)将20kg的甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)置于反应釜中,升温至50℃后进行负压脱水处理1h;
步骤(2)分别称取端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(5kg)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(8kg)、分子量为1000的三羟甲基丙烷聚醚(7kg),按顺序依次逐渐滴加至步骤(1)中,在60℃下持续反应5小时;
步骤(3)待步骤(2)反应结束后,自然冷却至室温,即得到本发明所述螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体原浆;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)得到的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆进行化学标定,以确定其后续固化反应基团含量。
本实施例步骤(4)获得的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆颜色呈浅黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。结果如下:拉伸强度为20.9MPa,断裂伸长率为712%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为5.8%,撕裂强度为88kN/m,邵氏硬度为88A,所有数据均高于螺杆钻具用材料的标准(HG/T 4382-2012)要求,能很好的满足钻探作业。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤(1)将18kg的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯置于反应釜中,升温至50-70℃后进行负压脱水处理0.5-2h;
步骤(2)分别称取端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(6kg)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(10kg)、分子量为2000的丙二醇聚醚(4kg),按顺序依次逐渐滴加至步骤(1)中,在60℃下持续反应5小时;
步骤(3)待步骤(2)反应结束后,自然冷却至室温,即得到本发明所述螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体原浆;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)得到的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆进行化学标定,以确定其后续固化反应基团含量。
本实施例步骤(4)获得的弹性体材料的预聚体原浆颜色呈浅黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。结果如下:拉伸强度为17.1MPa,断裂伸长率为524%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为4.2%,撕裂强度为68kN/m,邵氏硬度为89A,所有数据均高于螺杆钻具用材料的标准(HG/T 4382-2012)要求,能满足钻探作业。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤(1)将7.5kg的双酚M型氰酸酯置于反应釜中,升温至50-70℃后进行负压脱水处理0.5-2h;
步骤(2)分别称取端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(2kg)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(2kg)、分子量为2000的丙二醇聚醚(2kg),按顺序依次逐渐滴加至步骤(1)中,在60℃下持续反应5小时;
步骤(3)待步骤(2)反应结束后,自然冷却至室温,即得到本发明所述螺杆钻具用预聚体原浆;
步骤(4)将步骤(3)得到的预聚体原浆进行化学标定,以确定其后续固化反应基团含量。
本实施例步骤(4)获得的预聚体原浆颜色呈浅黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。结果如下:拉伸强度为17.2MPa,断裂伸长率为430%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为3.6%,撕裂强度为52kN/m,邵氏硬度为90A,所有数据均高于螺杆钻具用材料的标准(HG/T 4382-2012)要求,能满足钻探作业。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤与实施例1基本一致,不同之处仅在于:本对比例的步骤(2)中,称取端羟基液体丁腈橡胶(11kg)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(5kg)、分子量为2000的聚乙二醇(4kg)。
本对比例获得的聚氨酯预聚体原浆颜色呈深黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。测试结果如下:拉伸强度为15.1MPa,断裂伸长率为398%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为4.0%,撕裂强度为59kN/m,邵氏硬度为62A。拉伸强度、硬度低于标准指标,撕裂强度、断裂伸长率高于标准指标但不算优秀。
对比例2
本对比例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤与实施例1基本一致,不同之处仅在于:本对比例的步骤(2)中,还包括滴加N′-间苯撑双马来酰亚胺(15kg)。
本对比例获得的聚氨酯预聚体原浆颜色呈深黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。测试结果如下:拉伸强度为13.2MPa,断裂伸长率为523%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为6.1%,撕裂强度为62kN/m,邵氏硬度为67A。拉伸强度、硬度低于标准指标,撕裂强度、断裂伸长率高于标准指标。
对比例3
本对比例提供一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,具体步骤与实施例1基本一致,不同之处仅在于:本对比例的步骤(2)中,采用丙三醇代替丙二醇聚醚(4kg)。
本对比例获得的聚氨酯预聚体原浆颜色呈深黄色,流动性较好;经加工成型后表现出良好的性能。测试结果如下:拉伸强度为10.6MPa,断裂伸长率为310%,永久变形率(拉伸300%后回复)为5.8%,撕裂强度为38kN/m,邵氏硬度为56A。拉伸强度、撕裂强度、硬度低于标准指标,断裂伸长率略高于标准指标。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。
Claims (10)
1.一种螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体,其特征在于,包括A组分和B组分,其中,所述A组分包括端羟基液体橡胶、聚四氢呋喃二醇和聚醚多元醇;所述B组分包括异氰酸酯、氰酸酯、氰基化合物中的至少一种;
所述端羟基液体橡胶、聚四氢呋喃二醇和聚醚多元醇的质量比为(0.2~1.0):(0.2~1.0):(0.2~1.0)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体,其特征在于,所述端羟基液体橡胶包括端羟基液体丁腈橡胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体,其特征在于,所述异氰酸酯包括甲苯二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体,其特征在于,所述聚醚多元醇包括重均分子量为800~2000的丙二醇聚醚、重均分子量为400~4000的三羟甲基丙烷聚醚和重均分子量为400~2000的聚乙二醇中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体,其特征在于,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为(0.9:1.1)~(0.85:1.25)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体,其特征在于,所述A组分和B组分的质量比为1:1。
7.一种根据权利要求1所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、将B组分置于反应容器中,升温、进行负压脱水处理;
S2、将A组分加入经步骤S1处理后的B组分中,在50-95℃温度下进行聚合反应;冷却至室温,即得。
8.根据权利要求7所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的的预聚体制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,所述负压脱水处理的反应条件为:反应温度为50~70℃,脱水时间为0.5~2h。
9.根据权利要求7所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,所述聚合反应的时间为3-8小时。
10.一种根据权利要求1所述的螺杆钻具用弹性体材料的预聚体在制备螺杆钻具定子中的应用。
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