EP0074059A2 - Procédé d'amélioration du pouvoir de remplissage de tabac - Google Patents

Procédé d'amélioration du pouvoir de remplissage de tabac Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0074059A2
EP0074059A2 EP82107992A EP82107992A EP0074059A2 EP 0074059 A2 EP0074059 A2 EP 0074059A2 EP 82107992 A EP82107992 A EP 82107992A EP 82107992 A EP82107992 A EP 82107992A EP 0074059 A2 EP0074059 A2 EP 0074059A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco material
gaseous medium
speed
tobacco
expansion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82107992A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0074059A3 (en
EP0074059B1 (fr
Inventor
Arno Dipl.-Ing. Weiss
Jörn Dr. Ulrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British American Tobacco Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
BAT Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAT Cigarettenfabriken GmbH filed Critical BAT Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
Publication of EP0074059A2 publication Critical patent/EP0074059A2/fr
Publication of EP0074059A3 publication Critical patent/EP0074059A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0074059B1 publication Critical patent/EP0074059B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for improving the fillability of tobacco material by expanding the moist tobacco material by reducing the pressure and then drying to processing moisture.
  • the invention is directed to a method of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which tobacco material in the moist state is subjected to a pressure reduction with a simultaneous strong temperature increase within an extremely short period of time.
  • the sudden evaporation of the liquid contained, in particular water and / or other easily evaporable harmless organic solvents leads to an improvement in the filling capacity of the tobacco material by 30 to 100%, without the tobacco cell structure being appreciably destroyed. The structure remains intact even after further processing of the tobacco material despite the high expansion result.
  • Tobacco material in the sense of the invention is to be understood in particular as cut rib and / or leaf material, and also reconstituted tobacco.
  • the above object is achieved in that the tobacco material with a moisture content of 18 to 80, in particular 30 to 80% (wet basis) and a temperature of -80 to 100 ° C by means of a gaseous medium to a speed of at least 20 m / s accelerated, then slowed down and dried in the usual way.
  • the method of the invention has the particular advantage that the expansion system can have a simple construction. In view of the low mass ratio of transport gas / tobacco material, the energy requirement is low. Furthermore, the tobacco expansion can be carried out in a continuous procedure with the method of the invention.
  • the tobacco material is dried to processing moisture in the usual way. Drying is normally carried out to a moisture content of 10 to 16% (wet basis). However, it is also possible to dry the tobacco material to a considerably lower moisture content, for example up to 2% (wet basis). A particularly permanent fixation of the ex panded structure achieved. However, it is necessary to moisten the strongly dried tobacco material thus obtained to a moisture content of 10 to 16% (wet basis) before further processing.
  • inert gases e.g. B. nitrogen or carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon or mixtures; the same are used.
  • Water vapor is preferred, which, depending on the process control, can also be overheated.
  • the tobacco material is brought into a free jet formed by the gaseous medium and having a flow velocity of at least 20 m / s, the tobacco material either being sucked in by the free jet itself or at the essentially narrowest point of a suitable nozzle, e.g. of a jet pump or similar type.
  • the free jet can also be limited by a fixed wall. Due to the suction effect of the generally turbulent free jet or nozzle, the tobacco material is in the core of the free jet or
  • Pulled nozzle and accelerated to the flow rate of the gaseous medium Pulled nozzle and accelerated to the flow rate of the gaseous medium.
  • The. in the core of the free jet or the lower pressure prevailing at the same time causes the tobacco material to expand while exchanging heat and material.
  • the flow velocity of the gaseous medium decreases and, correspondingly, the velocity. of the tobacco material, whereby it is e.g. with horizontal arrangement of the free jet or the nozzle comes to separate gaseous medium and tobacco material.
  • the tobacco material is then dried in the usual way.
  • the expansion device can also be combined into a unit with a dryer.
  • the specified flow velocity of the gaseous medium of at least 20 m / s essentially relates to the jet base; it is preferably at least 80 m / s.
  • the tobacco material is introduced into the gaseous medium which already has a flow velocity of at least 20 m / s and is thus accelerated to the flow velocity of the medium, it is also possible to accelerate the tobacco material, in particular tobacco rib cut, together with the gaseous medium.
  • the tobacco material is first brought to a speed of 6 to 50 m / s together with the gaseous medium, accelerated to a speed of at least 50 m / s within a maximum of 1/10 s in an acceleration zone of an expansion reactor, through a zone of constant speed transported and then braked in a deceleration zone of the expansion reactor, the dwell time of the tobacco material in the zone of constant speed being between 1/100 and 1/1000 s.
  • the ratio of the speed of the gaseous medium or the tobacco material in front of the acceleration zone to the maximum speed in the same is at least 1: 3, preferably at least 1: 6.
  • the acceleration of the gaseous medium or the tobacco material is preferably carried out in a venturi-type nozzle arranged in the expansion reactor or in another suitable nozzle arrangement.
  • the gaseous medium has a temperature of 50 to 1000 ° C, in particular at least 100 ° C.
  • the temperature of the gaseous medium is above that of the tobacco material, a certain heat exchange takes place, which, however, due to the relative short period in which the tobacco material and the transport gas in - can be neglected come contact with respect to the drying.
  • an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention comprises a conveyor 1 for introducing tobacco rib cut 2 into the feed part of an (horizontally or vertically arranged) expansion reactor 3.
  • the expansion reactor comprises a venturi-type nozzle or another suitable nozzle arrangement with an acceleration zone 4, a zone 5 of constant speed and a deceleration zone 6.
  • a conventional current dryer 7 with a connected separator 8 is connected to the expansion reactor.
  • the system can be self-contained; the seal to the environment is carried out on the feed side by a rotary valve (not shown) and on the take-off side by a rotary valve 9 through which the expan dated tobacco is removed from the system.
  • the transport gas is supplied via valves or flaps 10 and 11, e.g. Saturated steam at 10 and fresh air at 11; the exhaust gas is removed via a flap 12.
  • the apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention according to FIG. 3 comprises, in addition to the conveying device 1 for the tobacco material 2, a feed part 13 which is horizontal arranged expansion section 14, which consists of a tube 15 and longitudinal slots 16 in the manner shown in FIG. 4.
  • the longitudinal slots form the base points for a free jet 17.
  • the expansion device 15 is integrated in the inlet of a conventional current dryer 18, so that the free jet 17 conveys the tobacco material 2 directly into the current dryer 18. Baffles provided to improve the flow guidance are not shown.
  • the tobacco material is withdrawn from the current dryer via the separator 8 and the rotary valve 9.
  • the system can be self-contained, the sealing to the environment takes place on the feed side by a rotary valve (not shown) and on the take-off side by rotary valve 9, through which the expanded material is removed from the system.
  • the gaseous medium is supplied via a valve 19; the valve 10 and the flaps 11 and 12 are used to adjust the dryer.
  • FIG. 5 shows an expansion device decoupled from drying.
  • the tobacco material entering the system via a cellular wheel sluice 20 hits the jet 17 essentially perpendicularly, is accelerated and expanded by the jet 17, and is guided away essentially horizontally to a dryer device (not shown) of any configuration.
  • a dryer device not shown
  • pilot plant on a pilot plant scale was used to investigate the method of the invention according to FIG. 1.
  • the dimensions of the pilot plant are as follows:
  • the pilot plant was set up in such a way that the rib cut could be entered without a lock.
  • the rib cut to be treated was moistened with cold water to approx. 45% (wet basis) and conveyed into the entry at ambient temperature (25 ° C.).
  • the mass flow of the rib cut was 25 kg / h
  • the transport gas mass flow was 300 kg / h.
  • the ratio of transport gas to rib cut mass flow is thus 12: 1.
  • the temperature of the transport gas flow at the rib cut entry was 340 ° C.
  • a transport gas mass flow with a steam content of 85 mass percent was set.
  • a speed of 22 m / s was measured in the cross section immediately behind the tobacco inlet and a speed of 137.5 m / s in the narrowest cross section of the expansion nozzle.
  • Behind the relaxation nozzle the rib cut was practiced in the rest drying section to 13%.
  • the discharge was done by a cyclone.
  • the expanded ribs section and a treated for comparison purposes only in a flow drier ribs sectional were conditioned for 72 hours at 60% relative humidity and 22 0 C (according to DIN 10244)
  • the Gearkraftflop made in Borgwaldt Densimeter initial weight 10 g, diameter mm of the measuring cup 60, load 3000 g and 30 s).
  • the remaining height of the rib cut treated according to the prior art was 14.8 mm; that of the one obtained by the process of the invention was 23.7 mm, in each case at a humidity of 12.6%; determined according to the oven method: 3 h, 80 ° C.
  • the increase in the filling capacity of the tobacco rib cut treated according to the method of the invention is approximately 60% compared to the comparison product according to this measurement method.
  • Example 2 The experiment according to Example 1 was repeated with a leaf cut (20% moisture; wet basis). Because of the lower initial moisture, the tobacco mass flow was increased to 80 kg / h and the dryer temperature was reduced to 250 ° C. A filling capacity increase of 30% was obtained.
  • Example 2 The experiment according to Example 1 was repeated in the pilot plant described there, the steam content of the transport gas mass flow being reduced to 4% by mass.
  • the rib cut to be treated was approx. 45% with cold water (Wet basis) moistened and conveyed at ambient temperature (25 0 C) in the entry.
  • the mass flow of the rib cut was 25 kg / h; that of the transport gas 300 kg / h. This results in a ratio of transport gas to rib cut mass flow of 12: 1.
  • the temperature of the transport gas mass flow at the rib cut entry was 340 ° C.
  • a semi-technical system was used to examine the method of the invention according to FIG. 3.
  • the dimensions of the system are as follows:
  • the experiments given here were carried out with a rib cut.
  • the pilot plant was set up in such a way that the rib cut could be entered without a lock.
  • the rib section to be treated was moistened with cold water to approx. 45% (wet basis) and at ambient temperature (20 ° C) promoted in the entry.
  • the mass flow of the rib cut was 100 kg / h.
  • the motive steam flow was 300 kg / h.
  • the ratio of the rib cut to the motive steam mass flow is thus 1: 3.
  • the rib cut was dried in the usual drying section with air at a temperature of 340 ° C. to 15%.
  • the discharge was carried out by a cyclone.
  • the expanded rib cut and a rib cut treated for comparison purposes in a current dryer (without free jet) were conditioned for 72 hours at 60% relative air humidity and 22 ° C (according to DIN 10244).
  • the filling force was measured in the Borgwaldt densimeter (sample weight 10 g, diameter of the measuring cup 60 mm, load 3000 g and 30 s).
  • the residual height of the rib cut treated according to the prior art was 14.8 mm, that of the one obtained by the method of the invention was 18.59 mm, in each case at a humidity of 12.6%, determined by the oven method: 3 h, 80 ° C.
  • the increase in the filling capacity of the tobacco rib cut treated according to the method of the invention is approximately 25 compared to the comparison product according to this measurement method
  • the experiment according to Example 4 was repeated in the pilot plant described there, the motive steam mass flow being reduced to 80 kg / h and overheating to 300 ° G (a larger motive steam mass flow could not be run because of the steam superheater available).
  • the rib cut to be treated was moistened with cold water to approx. 45% (wet basis) and conveyed to the base point of the free jet at ambient temperature (25 ° C.). The mass flow of the rib cut
  • the ratio of the rib cut to the motive steam mass flow is therefore 1: 0.8.
  • the rib cut was dried behind the free jet in the drying section at a temperature of 340 ° C. to 15%.
  • the discharge was carried out by a cyclone.
  • the conditioning and measurement was carried out analogously to Example 3. According to the measurement method used, the increase in the filling capacity for the tobacco rib cut treated according to the invention is 30%.

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  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
EP82107992A 1981-09-05 1982-08-31 Procédé d'amélioration du pouvoir de remplissage de tabac Expired EP0074059B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3135283 1981-09-05
DE3135283 1981-09-05
DE3147846 1981-12-03
DE3147846A DE3147846C2 (de) 1981-09-05 1981-12-03 Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabakmaterial

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0074059A2 true EP0074059A2 (fr) 1983-03-16
EP0074059A3 EP0074059A3 (en) 1985-12-04
EP0074059B1 EP0074059B1 (fr) 1988-10-26

Family

ID=25795826

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82107992A Expired EP0074059B1 (fr) 1981-09-05 1982-08-31 Procédé d'amélioration du pouvoir de remplissage de tabac

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4523598A (fr)
EP (1) EP0074059B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3147846C2 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2155302A (en) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-25 Korea Ginseng & Tobacco Res Process for expanding tobacco leaves and apparatus therefor
DE3619816A1 (de) * 1985-06-15 1986-12-18 British-American Tobacco Co. Ltd., London Verfahren und vorrichtung zum expandieren von tabak
WO1989000014A1 (fr) * 1987-07-02 1989-01-12 Gbe International Plc Appareil permettant de dilater et/ou de secher une matiere particulaire
EP0484899A1 (fr) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-13 Japan Tobacco Inc. Procédé et appareil pour l'expansion du tabac
EP0515877A2 (fr) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-02 British-American Tobacco (Germany) GmbH Procédé de séchage pour augmenter la capacité de remplissage de matériau de tabac
EP0546986A1 (fr) * 1991-12-09 1993-06-16 EGRI, Laszlo, Dr. Expansion et sèchage du tabac
WO1998043501A1 (fr) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-08 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Sechoirs a tabac

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4407306A (en) * 1981-12-17 1983-10-04 American Brands, Inc. Method for expanding tobacco with steam at high temperature and velocity
DE3315274A1 (de) 1982-05-11 1983-11-17 Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum volumenvergroessern von tabak
DE3240176A1 (de) * 1982-10-29 1984-05-03 Tamag Basel AG, 4127 Birsfelden Verfahren zur volumenvergroesserung von tabakmaterial
MA20475A1 (fr) * 1984-07-26 1986-04-01 Bown & Williamson Tobacco Corp Procede ameliore de gonflement de tabac
US4760854A (en) * 1985-12-02 1988-08-02 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation Tobacco expansion process
GB8530019D0 (en) * 1985-12-05 1986-01-15 British American Tobacco Co Expansion of vegetable material
FR2608019B1 (fr) * 1986-12-11 1991-01-25 Decoufle Sarl Systeme de guidage d'air pour une machine a confectionner des articles en forme de boudin de l'industrie de transformation du tabac
DE3710677A1 (de) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-13 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Vorrichtung zum expandieren von zerkleinertem tabakmaterial
US4895174A (en) * 1988-05-19 1990-01-23 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco particle separator
DE3839529C1 (fr) * 1988-11-23 1990-04-12 Comas S.P.A., Silea, Treviso, It
DE4005656C2 (de) * 1990-02-22 1994-05-26 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Tabak-Folie
US5251649A (en) * 1991-06-18 1993-10-12 Philip Morris Incorporated Process for impregnation and expansion of tobacco
SK139993A3 (en) * 1992-12-17 1994-09-07 Philip Morris Prod Method of impregnation and expanding of tobacco and device for its performing
GB9322967D0 (en) * 1993-11-08 1994-01-05 Gbe International Plc A process and apparatus for treating a hygroscopic material
US5908032A (en) * 1996-08-09 1999-06-01 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of and apparatus for expanding tobacco
US6637438B1 (en) * 1997-04-21 2003-10-28 Kerry Scott Lane Method for assay and removal of harmful toxins during processing of tobacco products
US6058940A (en) * 1997-04-21 2000-05-09 Lane; Kerry Scott Method and system for assay and removal of harmful toxins during processing of tobacco products
DE19909318C2 (de) * 1999-03-03 2001-06-28 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Expansion von Tabakmaterial
DE10135483A1 (de) * 2001-07-20 2003-01-30 Philip Morris Prod Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Beseitigung von Tabak-Brandstrukturen aus expandiertem Tabak
US7556047B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-07-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of expanding tobacco using steam
US8197231B2 (en) 2005-07-13 2012-06-12 Purity Solutions Llc Diaphragm pump and related methods
IT1400927B1 (it) * 2010-07-05 2013-07-02 Magg Consulting S R L Metodo di espansione del tabacco ed impianto per attuare il metodo.
US9610392B2 (en) 2012-06-08 2017-04-04 Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Medical fluid cassettes and related systems and methods
EP3771349B1 (fr) 2019-07-30 2024-04-17 Muzer Makina Sanayi Ve Ticaret Ltd. Sti. Système d'expansion de tabac (tes)
IT202000004129A1 (it) * 2020-02-27 2021-08-27 Magg Consulting S R L Metodo perfezionato per il trattamento del tabacco.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357436A (en) * 1964-08-26 1967-12-12 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Apparatus for drying tobacco
US3678939A (en) * 1970-11-13 1972-07-25 Liggett & Myers Inc Method of treating tobacco with flavorants in a pneumatic system
US3734104A (en) * 1971-11-04 1973-05-22 Philip Morris Inc Method for expanding tobacco stems
GB1381203A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-01-22 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Process for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
DE2637124A1 (de) * 1975-09-05 1977-03-17 American Brands Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erhoehen der fuellkapazitaet geschnittenen tabaks bzw. geschnittener tabakmischungen

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4040431A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-08-09 American Brands, Inc. Method of increasing the filling capacity of shredded tobacco tissue
US4044780A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-08-30 American Brands, Inc. Apparatus for total blend expansion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3357436A (en) * 1964-08-26 1967-12-12 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Apparatus for drying tobacco
US3678939A (en) * 1970-11-13 1972-07-25 Liggett & Myers Inc Method of treating tobacco with flavorants in a pneumatic system
US3734104A (en) * 1971-11-04 1973-05-22 Philip Morris Inc Method for expanding tobacco stems
GB1381203A (en) * 1971-12-17 1975-01-22 Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh Process for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
DE2637124A1 (de) * 1975-09-05 1977-03-17 American Brands Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erhoehen der fuellkapazitaet geschnittenen tabaks bzw. geschnittener tabakmischungen

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2155302A (en) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-25 Korea Ginseng & Tobacco Res Process for expanding tobacco leaves and apparatus therefor
DE3619816A1 (de) * 1985-06-15 1986-12-18 British-American Tobacco Co. Ltd., London Verfahren und vorrichtung zum expandieren von tabak
DE3619816C2 (de) * 1985-06-15 1998-01-29 British American Tobacco Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Expandieren von Tabak
WO1989000014A1 (fr) * 1987-07-02 1989-01-12 Gbe International Plc Appareil permettant de dilater et/ou de secher une matiere particulaire
US5379780A (en) * 1990-11-07 1995-01-10 Japan Tobacco Inc. Method and system for expanding tobacco
EP0484899A1 (fr) * 1990-11-07 1992-05-13 Japan Tobacco Inc. Procédé et appareil pour l'expansion du tabac
EP0515877A3 (en) * 1991-05-27 1993-02-03 B.A.T. Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Drying process for improving the filling capacity of tobacco material and apparatus for carrying out this process
EP0515877A2 (fr) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-02 British-American Tobacco (Germany) GmbH Procédé de séchage pour augmenter la capacité de remplissage de matériau de tabac
EP0546986A1 (fr) * 1991-12-09 1993-06-16 EGRI, Laszlo, Dr. Expansion et sèchage du tabac
DE4227008A1 (de) * 1991-12-09 1993-07-01 Egri Laszlo Dr Chem Expandieren und trocknen von tabak
US5307822A (en) * 1991-12-09 1994-05-03 Laszlo Egri Expanding and drying tobacco
WO1998043501A1 (fr) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-08 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Sechoirs a tabac
CN1102356C (zh) * 1997-03-27 2003-03-05 英美烟草(投资)有限公司 烟草干燥器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4523598A (en) 1985-06-18
EP0074059A3 (en) 1985-12-04
EP0074059B1 (fr) 1988-10-26
DE3147846A1 (de) 1983-06-16
DE3147846C2 (de) 1984-07-19

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