EP0242873B1 - Procédé de traitement du tabac et de matières organiques similaires - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement du tabac et de matières organiques similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0242873B1
EP0242873B1 EP87105912A EP87105912A EP0242873B1 EP 0242873 B1 EP0242873 B1 EP 0242873B1 EP 87105912 A EP87105912 A EP 87105912A EP 87105912 A EP87105912 A EP 87105912A EP 0242873 B1 EP0242873 B1 EP 0242873B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwave
conveyer
gas
tobacco
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP87105912A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0242873A1 (fr
Inventor
Oskar Dr. Stuhl
Klaus-Dieter Wenzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH
Original Assignee
RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH filed Critical RJ Reynolds Tobacco GmbH
Priority to AT87105912T priority Critical patent/ATE45272T1/de
Publication of EP0242873A1 publication Critical patent/EP0242873A1/fr
Priority to JP9189088A priority patent/JPS63279776A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0242873B1 publication Critical patent/EP0242873B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S131/00—Tobacco
    • Y10S131/903—Fixing the product after puffing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating tobacco and similar organic materials
  • the material in which the material is impregnated with an inert organic liquid and is heated above the boiling point of this liquid by introducing a hot gas, the liquid evaporating with expansion of the material,
  • Such a process is known from DE-A-19 17 552 and DE-A-22 03 105.
  • tobacco is impregnated with liquid or vaporous inert organic compounds.
  • the impregnating agent is evaporated, causing the tobacco to expand, i.e. H. a loosening and volume increase of the tobacco takes place.
  • the impregnating liquid should be introduced into the tobacco in the vapor state. This also enables a reduction in the amount of impregnation agent required. As the tobacco expands, its filling capacity is increased by 60 to 120%.
  • the impregnating agent evaporated during the expansion is discharged together with the gas.
  • the expanding agent can be recovered from the mixture.
  • a disadvantage of this known method is that a remainder of the impregnating agent remains in the expanded tobacco. In order to remove these residual amounts from the expanded tobacco, it is necessary to store the tobacco for a long time until the impregnating agent has evaporated. Such storage means a loss of time in the tobacco treatment and requires appropriate storage facilities with equipment for tobacco conditioning. The remaining amount removed by storage is difficult to recover.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned that enables a uniform and complete expulsion of the remaining impregnating agent from the tobacco with gentle tobacco treatment
  • this object is achieved in that the material (for example the tobacco) is subjected to a microwave treatment after the expansion, the remainder of the impregnating liquid being evaporated and removed for recovery, and in the microwave treatment a second gas for expulsion the impregnating liquid is blown into the organic material.
  • the material for example the tobacco
  • a second gas the temperature and / or moisture content of which can be regulated, is blown into the organic material under pressure during the microwave treatment. This loosens the organic material, making the microwave treatment more uniform. A clumping of the organic material is avoided, with the result that no local overheating occurs. Evaporation and removal of the remaining impregnation agent is facilitated by the gas flow. Furthermore, the gas injection can prevent the volume expansion of the organic material occurring in the preceding expansion step from being impaired by the treatment associated with the microwave radiation. The loosened state of the material is maintained by blowing in the gas.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is the improvement of Control options for the process parameters during microwave treatment.
  • the transport speed of the conveyor in the microwave chamber and / or the strength of the gas flow during microwave treatment and / or the radiation power of the microwave transmitter can be changed or regulated.
  • the gas stream penetrating the material to be treated causes the impregnating agent to be expelled uniformly, taking over the function of a carrier gas for the remaining impregnating agent.
  • the recovery of the impregnation agent is simplified.
  • the treatment in the microwave chamber is possible in continuous continuous operation and is easy to control.
  • the invention further relates to a microwave oven with the features of the claim for carrying out the method described.
  • a conveyor is provided in the microwave chamber, from whose conveying surface the second gas emerges.
  • a kind of fluidized bed is created over the conveyor surface of this conveyor, in which the organic material is whirled up and temporarily held in suspension.
  • the gas outlet need not extend the entire length of the conveyor.
  • the term “hair dryer” does not necessarily mean a single conveying device. Several conveying devices can also be arranged one behind the other.
  • the gassing of the organic material located on the conveyor can also take place through gas outlet openings which are arranged in the microwave chamber independently of the conveyor, for example on the wall of the microwave chamber. It is therefore not necessary for the gas to flow against the organic material from below, although this is a preferred embodiment.
  • the impregnation agent is also loosened and improved when the gassing openings are arranged on the side walls or on the top wall of the microwave chamber.
  • tobacco is fed to the impregnation device 11 via a humidifier 10.
  • the impregnation device 11 consists of a screw conveyor 12, in the inlet end of which the impregnating liquid is introduced in addition to the tobacco. This liquid is supplied in vapor form via line 13.
  • the inert organic liquid is preferably halogenated hydrocarbons, e.g. B. trichlorofluoromethane (Frigen-11).
  • Other inert organic liquids that can be used for the expansion are specified in DE-A-19 17 552 and DE-A-22 03 105.
  • the tobacco arrives at the expander 14, to which hot water vapor, which has been heated in the heater 16, is fed by a blower 15.
  • the temperature of the water vapor (or another gas used as a heat carrier) is above the boiling point of the impregnating agent, so that it evaporates and causes an increase in volume of the tobacco material in the expander 14.
  • a line leads from the outlet of the expander 14 to a cyclone 17.
  • a return line 20 leads from the outlet 19 to the heater 16.
  • a line 21 branches off from the return line 20 and leads to the regenerator 22, in which the impregnating agent is removed from the steam.
  • the vapor components (water and air) are discharged into a sump 23 while the impregnating agent is fed into the tank 24.
  • a line 25, which contains a pump 26 leads to the evaporator 27, the outlet of which is connected to line 13.
  • the evaporator 27 causes the impregnating liquid to be introduced into the impregnating device 11 in vapor form.
  • the tobacco arrives at a steam-operated separator 28 for the impregnating agent and from there via a conveyor 31 to the microwave oven 33. fed to the regenerator 22.
  • the conveyor 31 leads to the microwave oven 33, from which the conditioned and loosened tobacco freed from the expansion agent is removed via the conveyor 34.
  • the microwave oven 33 is shown schematically in FIG. 2. It contains a microwave chamber 35, the walls of which are coated with a material shielding against high frequency.
  • the microwave chamber 35 has an inlet section 35a of low height, a central section 35b of higher height and an outlet section 35c of low height.
  • the lower boundary of the microwave chamber 35 is formed by the conveying surface 36 of the conveyor 37, which is also coated with radiation-shielding material.
  • the conveyor 37 is an oscillating conveyor, the continuous conveying surface 36 of which extends under all three sections 35a, 35b, 35c.
  • outlet nozzles 38 are provided on the conveying surface 36, from which air or gas or steam emerges in order to gas the tobacco material 39 lying on the conveyor and whirl up to produce a fluidized bed.
  • the inlet section 35a. and the outlet portion 35c there are no nozzles.
  • the height of these sections 35a and 35c corresponds approximately to the height of the tobacco layer on the conveyor 37 and the length of these sections is dimensioned to be sufficiently large that no microwave energy can escape from the microwave chamber 35.
  • the conveyor 31 projects into a narrow channel 39 leading to the inlet section 35a, the walls of which are also shielded.
  • the discharge end of the conveyor 37 is arranged near the end wall 40 of the microwave chamber 35 on the output side and is provided with an extension 41 directed downwards. Between the end wall 40 and the extension 41, a narrow vertical shaft is formed, through which tobacco material falls onto the conveyor 34 arranged underneath, which leads out of the microwave oven 33.
  • the width of the shaft between the walls 40 and 41 corresponds approximately to the height of the inlet section 35a and outlet section 35c. In this way, a good inlet and outlet shielding of the microwave chamber is achieved by narrow conveying paths and labyrinth-like deflection of the tobacco path.
  • end walls 43, the side walls and the bottom wall 42 are lined with shielding material in the region of the microwave oven lying below the conveying surface 36, in order to bring about a further security against the escape of microwave energy.
  • the upper run of the conveyor 34 there is an opening 44 through which the upper run can pass together with the tobacco material lying on it.
  • a narrow slot 45 is provided in the end wall 40 of the microwave oven for the lower run of the conveyor 34.
  • the conveyor 37 which is completely contained in the microwave oven 33, has vertical stands 46, on which an oscillating beam 48 is mounted via springs 47. Numerous parallel leaf spring elements 49 protrude obliquely upward from the horizontal oscillating beam 48. At the upper ends of the leaf spring elements 49, the conveyor bar 50 is attached, the top of which forms the conveyor surface 38. A compensating beam 51 is fastened below the oscillating beam 48 via further leaf spring elements 49 and runs parallel to the oscillating beam 48 and to the conveyor beam 50.
  • the conveyor is excited by an eccentric 52 which is driven by the motor 53.
  • the conveyor bar 50 executes such vibrations that the tobacco material lying on it is conveyed from the inlet section 35a to the outlet section 35c and thereby passes through the middle section 35.
  • the conveyor bar 50 is connected via a flexible hose to an air line 55 which comes from a conditioning device 56 (FIG. 1).
  • moisture and / or temperature sensors 57 are arranged at different points, which measure the moisture or the temperature of the tobacco without contact and whose signals in a control device 58, for. B. a microprocessor to be processed.
  • the control unit 58 controls the amount and / or temperature and / or humidity of the air supplied via line 55 and possibly also the conveying speed of the conveyor 37.
  • microwave emitters 61 are installed, which send microwave energy in the direction of the tobacco.
  • the microwave energy of the microwave emitters 61 can also be regulated by the control device 58.
  • Suction openings 59 which are connected to a suction source 60, are provided in all three sections 35a, 35b and 35c for sucking off the air supplied to the microwave chamber and the impregnation agent.
  • the tobacco material supplied to the microwave chamber 35 via the conveyor 31 reaches the conveyor 37 and is first conveyed by it through the inlet section 35a.
  • the tobacco layer is so high that it substantially fills the height of the inlet section 35a without being compressed.
  • the tobacco material is loosened and whirled up by blowing from below, while at the same time it is subjected to the microwave treatment.
  • the tobacco material is deposited in a loose layer again on the conveying surface 36 in order to be transported to the conveyor 34 and to be carried away thereon.

Landscapes

  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Procédé de traitement du tabac et des matières organiques similaires :
dans lequel on imprègne la matière avec un liquide organique inerte et, par introduction d'un premier gaz chaud, on la chauffe au-dessus du point d'ébullition de ce liquide, le liquide se vaporisant avec expansion de la matière,
et dans lequel, après l'expansion, on fait une récupération d'une partie du liquide vaporisé, tandis qu'un résidu reste dans la matière, caractérisé, en ce qu'après l'expansion on expose la matière à un traitement aux micro-ondes, le résidu du liquide d'imprégnation se vaporisant et étant évacué pour récupération ; et en ce que, lors du traitement aux micro-ondes, on insuffle dans la matière organique un second gaz pour extraire le liquide imprégné.
2. Procédé-Selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un second gaz sort d'un transporteur disposé dans un four à micro-ondes (33) et en ce qu'il est soufflé d'en bas dans la matière organique.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la pression de sortie du second gaz est assez grande pour que la matière organique soit fluidisée et détassée.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, avant son introduction dans la matière organique, on traite le second gaz dans un dispositif de conditionnement (56) pour régler sa teneur en humidité et/ou sa température.
5. Four à micro-ondes pour l'exécution du traitement aux micro-ondes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comportant une chambre à micro-ondes (35) qui est munie de sources de micro-ondes (61) et qui présente des ouvertures d'aspiration (59) reliées à une source de vide (60), caractérisé en ce que la chambre à micro-ondes (35) contient un transporteur (37) qui est relié à une conduite d'amenée (55) et dont la surface de transport (36) présente de nombreuses buses de sortie (38) pour le soufflage d'air, de gaz ou de vapeur, ce par quoi le fluide qui sort des buses de sortie est soufflé à travers la matière organique qui se trouve sur la surface de transport (36).
6. Four à micro-ondes selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le transporteur (37) est un transporteur vibrant.
7. Four à micro-ondes selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la chambre à micro-ondes (35) présente, au-dessus du transporteur (37), une portion médiane (35b) de plus grande hauteur à laquelle se raccordent une portion d'entrée (35a) et une portion de sortie (35b) de plus petite hauteur ; et en ce que le transporteur (37) s'étend sensiblement sur toute la longueur de toutes les portions (35a, 35b, 35c).
8. Four à micro-ondes selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la chambre à micro-ondes (35) est limitée, vers le bas, par la surface de transport (36), constituée d'une matériau formant écran, du transporteur (37).
EP87105912A 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Procédé de traitement du tabac et de matières organiques similaires Expired EP0242873B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87105912T ATE45272T1 (de) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Verfahren zur behandlung von tabak und aehnlichen organischen materialien.
JP9189088A JPS63279776A (ja) 1987-04-22 1988-04-15 タバコ材又はそれに類似する有機材料を処理する方法及び装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86105606A EP0242418B1 (fr) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Procédé de traitement du tabac et de matières organiques similaires
EP86105606 1986-04-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0242873A1 EP0242873A1 (fr) 1987-10-28
EP0242873B1 true EP0242873B1 (fr) 1989-08-09

Family

ID=8195079

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105606A Expired EP0242418B1 (fr) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Procédé de traitement du tabac et de matières organiques similaires
EP87105912A Expired EP0242873B1 (fr) 1986-04-23 1987-04-22 Procédé de traitement du tabac et de matières organiques similaires

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105606A Expired EP0242418B1 (fr) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 Procédé de traitement du tabac et de matières organiques similaires

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US4821747A (fr)
EP (2) EP0242418B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62257374A (fr)
AT (2) ATE39600T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3661587D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2010686B3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3000206T3 (fr)

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USRE38123E1 (en) 1996-06-28 2003-05-27 Regent Court Technologies, Llc. Tobacco products having reduced nitrosamine content
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TR199903160T2 (xx) 1997-06-20 2000-10-23 Regent Court Technologies Nitrosamin i�eri�ini azaltmak i�in t�t�n i�leme y�ntemi.
BG65186B1 (bg) * 1997-12-23 2007-06-29 Regent Court Technologies Метод за обработка на тютюн за намаляване на съдържанието на нитрозамини и продукти, получени по този метод
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DE19926216A1 (de) * 1999-06-09 2001-02-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bariumsulfat, Bariumsulfat und Verwendung des Bariumsulfats
AU775920B2 (en) 1999-10-18 2004-08-19 Kerry Scott Lane Method and system for assay and removal of harmful toxins during processing of tobacco products
WO2002018607A2 (fr) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-07 North Carolina State University Plantes transgeniques contenant des leurres moleculaires qui modifient la teneur en proteines
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US20040238136A1 (en) * 2003-05-16 2004-12-02 Pankaj Patel Materials and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
KR20050002921A (ko) * 2002-04-09 2005-01-10 벡터 토바코 리미티드 니코틴과 니트로사민류를 감소시킨 담배
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US7195019B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2007-03-27 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment for manufacturing cigarettes
US7275549B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2007-10-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Garniture web control
US7077145B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2006-07-18 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
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US7281540B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2007-10-16 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7276120B2 (en) 2003-05-16 2007-10-02 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Materials and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US7047982B2 (en) * 2003-05-16 2006-05-23 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method for registering pattern location on cigarette wrapping material
CN1742636B (zh) * 2004-09-02 2010-10-06 邹宝安 一种无公害液体香烟的生产工艺
CN101290277B (zh) * 2007-04-20 2011-05-11 财团法人食品工业发展研究所 利用微波辐射的快速提取方法
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EP2692247B1 (fr) * 2011-03-31 2018-08-08 Japan Tobacco, Inc. Dispositif et procédé d'expansion du tabac
CN102488326A (zh) * 2011-12-16 2012-06-13 新乡东方工业科技有限公司 卷烟机落地回收烟丝处理装置
CN103734903A (zh) * 2014-01-09 2014-04-23 云南烟草科学研究院 用于微波膨胀烟梗加工生产线的装置
CN106031523B (zh) * 2015-03-18 2019-05-14 北京航天试验技术研究所 一种密封设置的烟丝浸渍膨胀系统
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CN107259633B (zh) * 2017-07-18 2019-06-04 云南中烟新材料科技有限公司 一种提升微波膨胀烟梗加工性的体积控制装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE39600T1 (de) 1989-01-15
EP0242418A1 (fr) 1987-10-28
GR3000206T3 (en) 1990-12-31
ES2010686B3 (es) 1989-12-01
US4821747A (en) 1989-04-18
EP0242418B1 (fr) 1989-01-04
US4944316A (en) 1990-07-31
JPS62257374A (ja) 1987-11-09
EP0242873A1 (fr) 1987-10-28
DE3760403D1 (en) 1989-09-14
ATE45272T1 (de) 1989-08-15
DE3661587D1 (en) 1989-02-09

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