EP0062856B1 - Dispositif de régulation pour une chaudière à gaz d'une installation de chauffage à eau chaude - Google Patents

Dispositif de régulation pour une chaudière à gaz d'une installation de chauffage à eau chaude Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0062856B1
EP0062856B1 EP82102804A EP82102804A EP0062856B1 EP 0062856 B1 EP0062856 B1 EP 0062856B1 EP 82102804 A EP82102804 A EP 82102804A EP 82102804 A EP82102804 A EP 82102804A EP 0062856 B1 EP0062856 B1 EP 0062856B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
control
regulator
air
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82102804A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0062856A1 (fr
Inventor
Hendrikus Berkhof
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Honeywell BV
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Honeywell BV
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0062856A1 publication Critical patent/EP0062856A1/fr
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Publication of EP0062856B1 publication Critical patent/EP0062856B1/fr
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/025Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electrical or electromechanical means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00Measuring
    • F23N2225/08Measuring temperature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06Ventilators at the air intake
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/14Fuel valves electromagnetically operated
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/18Groups of two or more valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/20Membrane valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/24Valve details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device according to the preamble of claim 1, as is known for example from FR-A-2 337 316. It is an atmospheric gas burner that takes the air required for combustion from the surroundings of the burner without a fan.
  • a control device for gas-fired water or air heaters in which a servo pressure controller controlled by a temperature sensor is provided for the simultaneous control of gas supply and combustion air supply to the burner on the one hand acts on the diaphragm drive of a gas control valve and on the other hand acts on an actuator influencing the combustion air supply.
  • Gas is fed to the burner via an injector nozzle, which also draws in primary air.
  • a second injector nozzle is arranged in front of a secondary air inlet of the burner housing and is fed by a controllable compressed air source in the form of a fan with a downstream air control valve.
  • Hot water collective heating systems are often operated with a flow temperature that is controlled depending on the outside temperature, while the heat supply to the individual rooms is regulated by radiator valves provided there, which can be adjusted manually or by means of a thermostat, depending on the heat demand in the room concerned.
  • a temperature controller for collective heating systems which controls a control valve located in the supply or return line and is connected on the input side to two temperature sensors, one of which is the temperature in the supply line and the other the temperature in the return line measures.
  • the controller is designed so that a specified temperature difference is maintained between the flow and return.
  • DE-A-2 747 969 shows a control device of this type for a heating system with mixing control, in which the control device acts on a mixing valve in order to maintain a predetermined temperature difference between flow and return.
  • a thermostatic radiator valve provided there opens a larger flow cross-section and thus increases the amount of water flowing through. As a result, the heating water flows through the radiator faster, cooling less and the return temperature therefore increases. In order to maintain a predetermined temperature difference, more hot water is consequently supplied by the mixing valve and the flow temperature is increased.
  • the demand-based control takes place on the water side with the aid of a flow or admixing valve, while the burner and thus the temperature of the hot water are controlled at most depending on the outside temperature, but not on the actual heat demand in the rooms.
  • the object of the invention is to ensure optimal control of the burner in a control device of the type mentioned at the outset, that is to say with heat-dependent control of the burner, with combustion that is as low-pollutant as possible, even with fluctuating heat requirements.
  • This object is achieved by the invention characterized in claim 1. While the temperature difference between the flow and return of the heating water to the consumer and thus the heat demand of the consumer is decisive for the fuel supply, the control of the combustion air supply, depending on the carbon dioxide or oxygen content of the exhaust gases, ensures that the amount of air supplied to the burner is just at an optimal level Combustion with a small excess of air is sufficient.
  • the fuel is therefore used in the best possible way
  • the exhaust gases contain the least possible amount of unburned fuel
  • the adaptation of the combustion air supply also takes into account any pressure fluctuations in the combustion air supply line. This can be caused by fluctuations in the speed of the fan or contamination in the supply channels.
  • the fluctuations in the pressure difference between the inlet pressure and the ambient pressure which are decisive for the draft in the chimney, are also compensated for by changing the atmospheric pressure at the chimney.
  • the invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows a hot water heating system in which the temperature difference controls the gas supply, while the amount of combustion air required for complete combustion is determined as a function of the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration of the flue gas and continuously adjusted to the amount of gas via an air volume actuator.
  • the gas control device controlling the gas supply has the structure known from the company publication D3H-29 HO-NEYWELL COMPACT VALVES V4600 / 8600, the provided, manually adjustable servo pressure regulator by means of a servo pressure regulator according to the older EP-A, which can be adjusted in terms of its setpoint by means of an electromagnetic drive -39,000 is replaced.
  • a safety valve 4 and a main gas valve 5 are connected in series between inlet 2 and outlet 3.
  • the safety valve 4 with switch-on pushbutton 6 and restart lock 7 is irrelevant to the mode of operation of the invention and is therefore not discussed in detail.
  • the closing body 5 of the main gas valve is biased in the closing direction by a closing spring 8 and can be actuated by a diaphragm 9 by the servo control pressure in the chamber 10 against the force of this closing spring 8 from the valve seat 11 can be lifted off.
  • the control pressure for the chamber 10 is supplied via the channel 12 by a first servo pressure regulator 13, the setpoint of which can be adjusted with the aid of an electromagnetic drive 14.
  • a room to be heated by the hot water heating system there is the room thermostat 15, the contact of which closes as soon as the room temperature measured by its temperature sensor falls below the set value set on the room thermostat 15.
  • the switch-on solenoid valve 16 of the gas control device 1 When this contact closes, the switch-on solenoid valve 16 of the gas control device 1 is energized, so that on the one hand it allows the inlet gas pressure to enter the chamber 19 via the line 17 and a throttle point 18 and on the other hand with its closing body 20 the connection of this chamber to the channel 21 and locks it with outlet 3. Consequently, a control pressure builds up in the chamber 19 which is dependent on the position of the throttle body 22 of the pressure regulator and which reaches the control chamber 10 of the diaphragm drive for the main gas valve 5, 11 via the channel 12 and lifts the closing body 5 from the seat 11. Gas thus flows via line 23 to injector nozzle 24, which faces gas inlet 25 of burner 26. At the same time, the gas stream sucks in primary air and also feeds it to the burner 26.
  • the pilot burner 28 is connected to the gas control valve 1 via an ignition line 27. Its flame heats the thermocouple 29, which holds the safety valve 4 open via the magnet insert 30.
  • a second injector nozzle 31 which faces a secondary air inlet 32 of the boiler 33.
  • the secondary air inlet 32 opens into an air distributor pipe 35 provided with air outlet holes 34.
  • the second injector nozzle 31 is connected via a line 36 to the outlet 37 of an air control valve 38, the inlet 39 of which is connected to a compressed air source in the form of a fan 40.
  • the closing body 41 of the air control valve 38 is prestressed in the closing direction by a spring 42 and can be lifted off the seat 44 by a membrane 43 as soon as the pressure in the drive chamber 45 exerts forces on the membrane 43 by the closing spring 42 and the pressure in the outlet 37 exceeds.
  • the burner 26 heats a heat exchanger 51, which is connected to the radiators 53 via a circulation pump 52.
  • the exhaust gases leave the boiler 33 through the flue gas exhaust 54, which passes into the chimney 56 via a draft interrupter 55.
  • gas inlet 25 secondary air inlet 32 and flue gas outlet 54
  • the housing 57 of the boiler 33 is closed on all sides.
  • An air outlet nozzle 58 projects into the chimney 56 and is connected via a line 59 to the outlet 37 of the air control valve. With the help of this air outlet nozzle 58, an artificial draft is generated in the chimney 56.
  • the auxiliary air flow from the nozzle 58 can be adapted to the secondary air flow by means of a throttle 60.
  • a temperature sensor 63 is provided in the heating water supply line 62 from the heat exchanger 51 to the radiators 53 and a second temperature sensor 65 is provided in the return line 64.
  • the outputs of both temperature sensors are connected to a first guide controller 66, which is connected on the output side to the magnetic drive 14 of the servo pressure controller 13.
  • the solenoid 16 switches on and with it the servo pressure regulator 13. This opens the main gas valve 5, 11, so that the main burner 26 ignites and that Heat exchanger 51 flowing through heating water is heated. If the room to be heated is relatively cold, the water cools down considerably and the temperature sensors 63 and 65 report a large temperature difference to the controller 66. If this temperature difference is greater than a predetermined target value, the magnetic drive 14 adjusts the servo pressure regulator 13 in the direction of a higher control pressure, so that the main gas valve 5, 11 is opened even further. However, if the temperature difference drops, the gas supply is reduced in the same way.
  • the amount of gas supplied to the burner 26 is modulated as a function of the heat requirement. If the room temperature reaches the setpoint specified on the room thermostat 15, this interrupts the circuit of the closing solenoid valve. As a result, the servo pressure regulator 13 no longer delivers control pressure into the diaphragm chamber 10 of the diaphragm drive for the main gas valve 5, 11, so that it closes under the influence of its closing spring 8. While the room thermostat 15 indicates by actuating its contact whether heat should be supplied to the room, the heating water consumer 53 itself serves as a measuring section for determining the amount of heat required. The greater the heat requirement, the more the temperature difference between flow 62 and return 64 increases. Accordingly, the setpoint of the servo pressure controller 13 is adjusted via the guide controller 66 and the magnetic drive 14 and thus the gas throughput to the burner is controlled.
  • the servo pressure regulator 13 acts directly only on the gas control valve and thus on the gas supply to the burner 26. At the same time, however, the amount of primary air drawn in via the injector nozzle 24 is changed in the same direction.
  • an oxygen or carbon dioxide sensor 70 is provided, the output signal of which is fed to a second guide controller 71.
  • the controller 71 supplies an output signal to the magnetic drive 72 of a second servo pressure controller 73 placed on the air control valve 38, whereby the target value of this pressure controller increases and, at the same time, the air control valve 41, 44 opens further becomes. As a result, more secondary air flows to the air distributor pipe 35, so that the excess air which is appropriate for the sensor 70 increases. If the excess air is too high, conversely, the amount of secondary air supplied via the air control valve 38 is throttled.
  • thermomechanical controller can also be used, as described for example in DE-C 1 961 806 or DE-A 2 747 969.
  • the two temperature sensors 63 and 65 are shown as expansion sensors, which act hydraulically on an actuator via capillary tubes. This then directly mechanically adjusts the setpoint of the servo pressure regulator 13.
  • the controllers 66 and 71 can be combined to form a common controller, possibly a digital controller using a microprocessor. Instead of the excess of oxygen, a measurement of the CO 2 content of the flue gases can also be used to control the amount of secondary air.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Dispositif de régulation pour la chaudière à gaz (33) d'une installation de chauffage à eau chaude, comportant une vanne de régulation de gaz (1) montée sur la conduite de gaz allant au brûleur (26) et dont l'élément mobile (5) est commandé par le signal de réglage d'un régulateur (66) auquel sont apportés, comme grandeurs d'entrée, des signaux de grandeurs correspondant aux températures dans le départ d'eau de chauffage (62) et dans le retour d'eau de chauffage (64), et qui, en cas d'écart de la différence de température d'une valeur de seuil prédéterminée, émet le signal de réglage, caractérisé par les caractéristiques suivantes:
a) l'élément mobile (5) de la vanne de régulation de gaz (1) est commandé par l'intermédiaire d'une commande à membrane (8, 9, 10) par la pression de commande de sortie d'un servorégulateur de pression (13) adjoint à la vanne de régulation de gaz,
b) pour le réglage de la valeur de seuil du servorégulateur de pression (13), il est prévu un premier régulateur de conduite (66),
c) l'élément mobile (41) d'une vanne de régulation d'air (38) montée en aval d'un ventilateur (40) est commandé par l'intermédiaire d'une commande à membrane (42, 43) par la pression de commande de sortie d'un deuxième servorégulateur de pression (73),
d) la valeur de seuil du deuxième servorégulateur de pression (73) peut être influencée par une commande à électro-aimant (72) qui lui est adjointe et qui est commandée par un deuxième régulateur de conduite (71),
e) l'entrée de la grandeur de réglage du deuxième régulateur de conduite (71) est reliée à un capteur (70) qui mesure la concentration d'oxygène ou la concentration de dioxyde de carbone dans le conduit d'évacuation des fumées (54) de la chaudière (33).
2. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le premier régulateur de conduite est un régulateur thermomécanique, qui est relié par des tubes capillaires à deux capteurs de température à dilatation (63, 65) et agit mécaniquement ou hydrauliquement par son organe de réglage de sortie sur le servorégulateur de pression (13) adjoint à la vanne de régulation de gaz (1).
3. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le premier régulateur de conduite (66) est un régulateur électrique, à l'entrée de la grandeur mesurée duquel sont reliés deux capteurs électriques de température (63, 65), et dont le signal de commande de sortie est conduit à une commande à électro-aimant (14) qui règle la valeur de seuil du servorégulateur de pression (13) adjoint à l'appareil de régulation de gaz (1).
4. Dispositif de régulation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que la vanne de régulation de gaz (1) est reliée, du côté de sa sortie, à une première buse d'injection (24), qui est située en face de l'entrée de gaz et d'air primaire (25) du brûleur (26), tandis que l'organe de réglage de débit d'air (38, 40) est relié, du côté de la sortie, à une deuxième buse d'injection (31) qui est située en face d'une entrée d'air secondaire (32) de la chaudière (33).
5. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'une buse de sortie d'air (58), placée dans le conduit d'évacuation des fumées (54, 56), est reliée à une source d'air comprimé (38, 40) alimentant la deuxième buse d'injection (31).
EP82102804A 1981-04-13 1982-04-02 Dispositif de régulation pour une chaudière à gaz d'une installation de chauffage à eau chaude Expired EP0062856B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813114942 DE3114942A1 (de) 1981-04-13 1981-04-13 Regeleinrichtung fuer den gasbefeuerten heizkessel einer warmwasser-heizungsanlage
DE3114942 1981-04-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0062856A1 EP0062856A1 (fr) 1982-10-20
EP0062856B1 true EP0062856B1 (fr) 1986-07-16

Family

ID=6130069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82102804A Expired EP0062856B1 (fr) 1981-04-13 1982-04-02 Dispositif de régulation pour une chaudière à gaz d'une installation de chauffage à eau chaude

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EP (1) EP0062856B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3114942A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3544411A1 (de) * 1985-12-16 1987-06-19 Honeywell Bv Warmwasser-heizungsanlage mit waermeverbrauchsmesser
EP0272348B1 (fr) * 1986-12-24 1989-10-11 Honeywell B.V. Appareil de régulation pour gaz avec régulateur automatique de pression
DE3742807A1 (de) * 1987-12-17 1989-07-13 Peter Huber Temperiereinrichtung
CN1049972C (zh) * 1991-06-29 2000-03-01 崔镇玟 热水锅炉系统
EP0800039B1 (fr) * 1996-04-02 2001-03-21 Sit la Precisa S.p.a. Une unité de soupape pour commander la pression d'alimentation d'un gaz
US10100938B2 (en) 2008-12-08 2018-10-16 Robertshaw Controls Company Variable flow gas valve and method for controlling same
CN113587140A (zh) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-02 吉林同鑫热力集团股份有限公司 一种锅炉燃烧优化系统

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1604271A (en) * 1924-12-17 1926-10-26 Ferdinand J Friedman Furnace equipment
GB918844A (en) * 1958-11-13 1963-02-20 Radiation Ltd Improvements in or relating to temperature-controlled, gas-fired water heaters
US3960320A (en) * 1975-04-30 1976-06-01 Forney Engineering Company Combustion optimizer
DE2540406C2 (de) * 1975-09-11 1982-04-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Regeleinrichtung für eine Warmwasserheizungsanlage
US4034911A (en) * 1975-12-04 1977-07-12 Emerson Electric Co. Burner control system
FR2337316A1 (fr) * 1975-12-29 1977-07-29 Cidelcem Generateur d'eau chaude a chauffage instantane
ES460107A1 (es) * 1976-06-28 1978-08-16 Claeys Flandria Nv Perfeccionamientos en los procedimientos y dispositivos paramantener practicamente constante a diversos regimenes de funcionamiento el rendimiento de aparatos a evacuacion for- zada comportando un dispositivo de combustion.
US4330260A (en) * 1979-01-31 1982-05-18 Jorgensen Lars L S Method and apparatus for regulating the combustion in a furnace
DE3163945D1 (en) * 1980-03-20 1984-07-12 Honeywell Bv Regulation apparatus for a gas-fired water or air heater which is controllable by a temperature sensor
JPS56151813A (en) * 1980-04-28 1981-11-25 Hitachi Ltd Proportional burning method and apparatus therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3114942A1 (de) 1982-10-28
DE3271988D1 (en) 1986-08-21
EP0062856A1 (fr) 1982-10-20

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