EP0061091B1 - Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial - Google Patents

Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0061091B1
EP0061091B1 EP82102002A EP82102002A EP0061091B1 EP 0061091 B1 EP0061091 B1 EP 0061091B1 EP 82102002 A EP82102002 A EP 82102002A EP 82102002 A EP82102002 A EP 82102002A EP 0061091 B1 EP0061091 B1 EP 0061091B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
phenyl
radical
alkyl
nitro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82102002A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0061091A1 (de
Inventor
Gerhard Dr. Hoffmann
Peter Dr. Neumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP0061091A1 publication Critical patent/EP0061091A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0061091B1 publication Critical patent/EP0061091B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
    • G03G5/0622—Heterocyclic compounds
    • G03G5/0624—Heterocyclic compounds containing one hetero ring
    • G03G5/0627—Heterocyclic compounds containing one hetero ring being five-membered
    • G03G5/0629—Heterocyclic compounds containing one hetero ring being five-membered containing one hetero atom
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
    • G03G5/0622—Heterocyclic compounds
    • G03G5/0644—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings
    • G03G5/0646—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings in the same ring system
    • G03G5/0651—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings in the same ring system containing four relevant rings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
    • G03G5/0622—Heterocyclic compounds
    • G03G5/0644—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings
    • G03G5/0661—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings in different ring systems, each system containing at least one hetero ring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrophotographic recording material consisting of an electrically conductive carrier material and a photoconductive double layer made of organic materials, as well as a method for producing these electrophotographic recording materials and their use for reprographic purposes.
  • the surface of an electrophotographic element which contains a photo-semiconducting layer, is first charged uniformly electrostatically for the purpose of image formation.
  • the photo-semiconductor induction radiation the photo-semiconductor layer becomes electrically conductive on the irradiated surfaces, as a result of which the electrostatic surface charge flows off at these points if the electrically conductive carrier material is grounded.
  • the unexposed areas retain their surface charge, so that a charge image corresponding to the original remains after the exposure.
  • this charge image is treated with fine pigment pigment particles which have previously been charged in the opposite way to the surface charge of the electrophotographic element, these color pigment particles are deposited in the unexposed areas of the electrophotographic element and thus develop the invisible charge image into a visible image of the original.
  • the image created in this way is then transferred to another surface, for example on paper, and fixed on it.
  • the electrophotographic element can either be composed of a homogeneous layer of a photo semiconductor on an electrically conductive carrier material or of several layers arranged one above the other on the carrier.
  • Electrophotographic recording materials with a multi-layer, so-called composite structure are described.
  • DE-OS 2 220 408 discloses such materials comprising a conductive carrier, a first layer which contains charge carrier-producing compounds and a second layer with charge carrier transporting substances which is arranged in addition.
  • Another group of charge-generating photoconductive organic materials is dispersed in the form of pigment particles in a matrix binder and applied to a support in a layer which contains the individual photoconductive particles.
  • These are the electrophotographic elements described in the literature, which contain monoazo, disazo and squaric acid dye derivatives as coloring materials (inter alia US Pat. No. 3,775,105, US Pat. No. 3,824,099, US Pat. No. 3,898,084).
  • the object of the invention was therefore to create extremely light-sensitive electrophotographic layers by means of organic photo semiconductors, which can be produced as simply as possible from a dye dispersion.
  • the electrophotographic element should continue to be flexible, elastic and abrasion-resistant, the surface of which, if possible, should be smooth and free of striations without aftertreatment.
  • the invention accordingly relates to dyes which are active in the first layer of the electrophotographic recording material as components which generate charge carriers.
  • R 1 to R 4 are hydrogen or halogen or one or two of the radicals R 1 to R 4 are phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio, nitro and the remaining hydrogen
  • R 6 is cyano, nitro, 4-halophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, 4-nitrophenyl , C 1 - to C 8 -alkoxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, N-phenylcarbamoyl, which is optionally substituted by 1 to 3 chlorine, bromine, methyl, and / or methoxy, NC 1 - to C 4 -alkylcarbamoyl, a by Cyan, nitro or CF 3 in the 4-position substituted phenyl, phenylsulfonyl which is substituted in the phenyl by up to 3 chlorine, bromine and / or C 1 - to C 4 -alkyl in the phenyl nucleus; a
  • R 1 to R 4 are hydrogen or chlorine atoms or one or two of the radicals R 1 to R 4 are phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio or nitro and the other hydrogen atoms and R 6 are cyano, methylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, 4 -Nitrophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, C 1 - to C e -alkoxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, phenylsulfonyl, a radical of the formula in which A, R 7 and R 8 have the meaning given above.
  • R 1 is hydrogen or halogen or one or two of the radicals R 1 to R 4 phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio, nitro and the other water substances
  • B the addition to a pyrazolone, oxazolone, isoxazolone, imidazolone, cyclohexanedione, Dimedone, pyridone or 4-hydroxy-coumarin residue or a remainder of the formula mean.
  • R 1 to R 4 are hydrogen or halogen or one or two of the radicals R 1 to R 4 are phenyl, phenoxy, phenylthio, nitro and the remaining hydrogen and R 9 is a radical of the formula in which R 10 , R "and R 12 , which may be the same or different, for halogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, R 10 for nitro or cyano and R" and R 12 represent hydrogen, halogen, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy; mean or the radical of a heterocyclic amine, for example 2-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 2 - imidazolyl, 2- (4-phenylthiazolyl), 2- (4-methyl-5-Carboethoxythiazolyl, 2-benzothiazolyl, 2- (6- Ethoxybenzthiazolyl), 2-benzimidazoly
  • the first charge carrier-producing layer is applied to the electrically conductive layer carrier in the form of a dispersion.
  • the dispersion for the first layer is produced by rolling together about 20 to 85 percent by weight of the solids content of the dispersion in one or more of the dyes suitable according to the invention and 80 to 15 percent by weight in a binder which is customary for this purpose and which may have barrier properties, in the form of a Solution in an organic, easily evaporable solvent.
  • the first layer is cast in a thickness of approximately 0.005 to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.08 to 1.5 ⁇ m, which is to be understood as the solid layer thickness.
  • an adhesive layer in a thickness of about 0.05 to 5 wm, preferably 0.1 to 0.8 microns are arranged.
  • the transparent second layer is also arranged over the first layer by casting from a solution.
  • the thickness of the second layer is preferably between 0.8 and 90, preferably between 2 and 40 ⁇ m. It consists of 30 to 60 percent by weight of one or more charge-transporting compounds, 65 to 35 percent by weight of one or more binders customary for this, 0.1 to 4 percent by weight of additives that improve the mechanical properties and optionally up to 5 percent by weight of sensitizing or activating agents Connections together.
  • the casting process is carried out from a low-boiling solvent.
  • a barrier layer of about 0.05 to 1.5 ⁇ n1, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, is optionally arranged, while it may be appropriate, depending on the intended use of the electrophotographic recording material, and the protective layer acting inactive layer on the charge carrier transporting layer.
  • Aluminum foils, aluminum foils, nickel foils or plastic foils coated with aluminum, tin, lead, bismuth or similar metals, preferably polyester foils, are suitable as the electrically conductive carrier material. The choice is determined by the area of application of the electrophotographic element.
  • the barrier layers between the conductive carrier material and the first layer or between the same and the second layer usually consist of metal oxide layers, e.g. B. alumina layers, polymers such. B. polyamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates, polystyrene or similar systems. If necessary, the binder of the first layer can also serve as a barrier layer material at the same time.
  • Polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyesters, polyphthalic esters, polyvinyl chlorides, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, epoxides and other generally customary resins are suitable as binders for the absorption of the dyes according to the invention for producing the charge-generating layer of the electrophotographic recording materials according to the invention.
  • poly (N-vinylcarbazole) is particularly suitable.
  • the electrophotographic recording materials according to the invention can also contain further constituents to improve their mechanical properties. So wetting agents like silicone oils can improve the surface quality.
  • Sensitizers or activators of the upper second layer can also be incorporated.
  • sensitizers which can be solved in disperse form, are, for. B. triphenylmethane dyes, xanthone dyes, soluble perylene derivatives such as perylene tetracarboxylic acid esters and a number of other compounds are known.
  • Compounds with high electron affinity e.g. B. nitro compounds such as 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone-9.
  • the electrophotographic recording material according to the invention contains highly light-sensitive photoconductive double layers which have a high mechanical stability and can, for example, be arranged on a cylindrical drum or circulate as an endless belt without any signs of wear occurring. Accordingly, they are very suitable for use for reprographic purposes, e.g. B. as copy layers, electrophotographic offset printing plates.
  • each of dyes 1 to 9 are mixed with 3 g each of a copolymer of vinyl chloride, acrylic acid and a maleic diester and 25 g of tetrahydrofuran and rolled on a roller mill for 12 hours. Then 75 g of tetrahydrofuran and 25 g of toluene are added. The mixture is homogenized on the roller mill for one hour.
  • This dispersion is then applied with a squeegee to an untreated aluminum carrier sheet 175 ⁇ m thick.
  • the casting gap is 60 ⁇ m.
  • the doctor blade is pulled off at a speed of 260 mm / min. After flashing off and drying for 30 minutes at 90 ° C., a dry layer thickness of 0.75 to 0.8 p.m. remains.
  • a solution of 47.75 g of poly (N-vinylcarbazole), 5.2 g of phthalic acid dihexyl ester and 5.75 g of a polycarbonate with a melting temperature of 220 to 230 ° C. in a solvent mixture of 287.5 is in each case on this first, covering layer g of tetrahydrofuran and 74.2 g of toluene.
  • the casting gap is 140 pm each; the doctor blade is pulled off at 260 mm / min. After ventilation and drying for 30 minutes at 90 ° C leaves a dry layer of 8 to 8.5 ⁇ m in thickness.
  • the electrophotographic element prepared in this way is then loaded with a high voltage of ⁇ 7.40 kV on a corona wire at a distance of 10 mm above the layer surface. After 20 seconds of loading, the maximum surface potential in volts is determined. These surface potentials are based on the surface potential of a completely similarly produced plate, equal to 100%, which according to DE-OS 2 237 539 N contains N'-dimethylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide. After a further 20 seconds in the dark, the percentage drop in potential, based on the maximum potential, is determined. Then the electrophotographic element is irradiated with the light of a xenon lamp with a power consumption of 150 watts. The light-induced percentage potential drop, based on the potential after the dark drop, is measured.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
EP82102002A 1981-03-20 1982-03-12 Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial Expired EP0061091B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813110958 DE3110958A1 (de) 1981-03-20 1981-03-20 Elektrophotographisches aufzeichnungsmaterial
DE3110958 1981-03-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0061091A1 EP0061091A1 (de) 1982-09-29
EP0061091B1 true EP0061091B1 (de) 1985-08-28

Family

ID=6127841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82102002A Expired EP0061091B1 (de) 1981-03-20 1982-03-12 Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4389475A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0061091B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS57185042A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3110958A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK160339C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4493883A (en) * 1984-02-21 1985-01-15 Xerox Corporation Electrophotographic toner compositions containing novel imide charge control _additives
DE3426196A1 (de) * 1984-07-17 1986-01-23 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zur erzeugung schmalbandiger, zeitlich verzoegerter elektrischer pulse
US5219689A (en) * 1990-08-13 1993-06-15 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited Electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising azo compound
JP2895183B2 (ja) 1990-08-13 1999-05-24 三菱製紙株式会社 電子写真感光体
US5310614A (en) * 1991-11-21 1994-05-10 Konica Corporation Electrophotographic photoreceptor having an organic photoelectroconductive light sensitive layer

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL131538C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1962-01-13
FR1361838A (fr) * 1962-07-13 1964-05-22 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux matériaux photoconducteurs organiques
BE676291A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1965-02-26 1966-06-16
FR1470052A (fr) * 1965-02-26 1967-02-17 Ferrania Spa Nouvelles phtalimides photoconductrices et articles de reproduction électrophotographique à base de telles phtalimides
US3898084A (en) * 1971-03-30 1975-08-05 Ibm Electrophotographic processes using disazo pigments
DE2239924C3 (de) 1972-08-14 1981-08-13 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial
DE2220408C3 (de) 1972-04-26 1978-10-26 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE2237539C3 (de) 1972-07-31 1981-05-21 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial
US3775105A (en) * 1972-12-26 1973-11-27 Ibm Disazo pigment sensitized photoconductor
US3824099A (en) * 1973-01-15 1974-07-16 Ibm Sensitive electrophotographic plates
US4123270A (en) * 1975-09-15 1978-10-31 International Business Machines Corporation Method of making electrophotographic imaging element
CH624494A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1977-02-07 1981-07-31 Ciba Geigy Ag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK160339B (da) 1991-02-25
US4389475A (en) 1983-06-21
DK160339C (da) 1991-07-29
DE3110958A1 (de) 1982-09-30
DK124282A (da) 1982-09-21
EP0061091A1 (de) 1982-09-29
DE3265718D1 (en) 1985-10-03
JPS57185042A (en) 1982-11-15
JPH0255771B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-11-28

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