EP0015432B1 - Bodenbelag für Sportplätze mit einem massiven Unterbau - Google Patents
Bodenbelag für Sportplätze mit einem massiven Unterbau Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0015432B1 EP0015432B1 EP80100802A EP80100802A EP0015432B1 EP 0015432 B1 EP0015432 B1 EP 0015432B1 EP 80100802 A EP80100802 A EP 80100802A EP 80100802 A EP80100802 A EP 80100802A EP 0015432 B1 EP0015432 B1 EP 0015432B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support
- surfacing
- adhesive
- substructure
- sports
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013521 mastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/22—Resiliently-mounted floors, e.g. sprung floors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
- Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
- Y10T442/172—Coated or impregnated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a floor covering for sports fields with a solid substructure, in particular for sports halls, with a support and adhesive pad fixed in position on the substructure and a support introduced into the support and adhesive pad or onto the support and adhesive pad.
- Floor coverings for sports fields with a solid substructure have been known in a wide variety of designs for a long time.
- linoleum coverings, plastic coverings and, more recently, carpet coverings can be found. All of these floor coverings are applied to a solid substructure made of concrete, mastic asphalt, screed or the like.
- the overlays generally contain an adhesive or binding agent so that on the one hand slipping of the overlays (wave formation) is prevented and on the other hand undesired dust formation does not occur in the horizontal plane under heavy use.
- a floor covering of the type described at the outset is known (cf. US-A-1917014) which is intended for teeing off golf courses.
- This floor covering is applied to a substructure made of concrete, for example; the support and adhesive underlay consists of a metal mesh and the support consists of shell parts of cottonseed, sawdust or the like suitable for the special application when teeing off golf courses.
- the support and adhesive underlay consists of a metal mesh and the support consists of shell parts of cottonseed, sawdust or the like suitable for the special application when teeing off golf courses.
- floor coverings for sports fields are known in which sand, red sand, ash or the like is used as a covering without additional adhesive or binder.
- ash coverings are used a great deal on open air courts, in particular on tennis courts, since they are very advantageous with regard to the risk of injury to athletes and with regard to playability.
- the ash coverings for open-air spaces are applied to elastic, preventing the sand, red sand or ash from slipping too much (wave formation), i.e. not to massive substructures.
- the overlay made of sand, red sand, ash or the like is held together in the ash coverings for open-air spaces by always being kept slightly damp.
- the moisture leads to a compact and semi-elastic support, in which the moisture, i.e. the water contained in the edition acts as a binding agent and with practically no or little dust.
- the elastic substructure of known ash coverings has the decisive function, namely to act as a water absorption and storage layer.
- the elastic substructure thus serves as a moisture store from which moisture can be continuously released to the support over comparatively long periods of time. It is thereby achieved that known ash coverings for open spaces on elastic substructures only have to be blasted at intervals of several hours or even days, without which the roughly half-hour blasting would be necessary without the presence of the elastic substructures. Because of the special function of these elastic substructures, they are also called dynamic layers.
- the object of the invention is to provide a floor covering for sports fields with a solid substructure, the properties of which are equivalent to the ash coverings previously only used in open air spaces, without the ash coverings previously considered necessary elaborate substructures would have to be used.
- the floor covering according to the invention for sports fields with a solid substructure in which the problem outlined above is achieved, is characterized in that the support and adhesive base consists of a coconut fiber fabric or the like and the support consists of sand, red sand, ash or the like .
- the floor covering according to the invention corresponds practically exactly to the ash coverings used in outdoor areas.
- the support and adhesive underlay consisting of a coconut fiber fabric or the like.
- the support and adhesive pad prevents unwanted wave formation of the pad by the fact that the pad is predominantly inserted into it and can become wedged in it.
- the carrying and Adhesive underlay for the necessary elasticity of the floor covering as a whole whereby almost an optimum is achieved in this direction with the coconut fiber fabric.
- the support and adhesive underlay consisting of a coconut fiber fabric or the like is able to take over the water absorption and storage function, which was previously carried out by the known, elaborate substructure explained at the beginning. Water is stored in the fibrous structure of the coconut fiber fabric to such an extent that the necessary moisture of the layer of sand, red sand, ash or the like can also be maintained here over long periods, sometimes over periods of several days. It is now possible, even without the elaborate substructure, to obtain ash coverings that are sufficiently moist over long periods of time to prevent the pad from slipping and forming waves, as well as undesirable dust formation.
- coconut fiber fabric has proven to be almost optimal for the support and adhesive pad. Nevertheless, it is of course conceivable that supporting and adhesive pads made of other materials, in particular with regard to water absorption and water storage function, could do the same as a coconut fiber fabric.
- the term coconut fiber fabric or the like also includes materials which correspond to a coconut fiber fabric in terms of function and in terms of their properties, in particular with regard to the water absorption and storage function or the microporosity.
- the mesh size of the material of the support and adhesive pad is matched to the grain size of the material of the pad, so that an optimal interaction between the support and adhesive pad and the pad is ensured.
- the position of the carrying and adhesive underlay must be fixed on the substructure.
- a selective fixation via nails, anchors or the like or a bracing of the supporting and adhesive base e.g. on the edges of the substructure or on the walls of a sports hall.
- the support and adhesive base is fixed in its position by an elastic adhesive.
- the adhesive causes two things here, on the one hand fixing the support and adhesive underlay, on the other hand increasing the elasticity of the floor covering.
- the carrying and adhesive base is provided with the adhesive at the factory and is packed airtight for storage and transport to the place of use.
- the prerequisite here is that the adhesive sets in the air.
- a separating film or the like must of course be provided here between the individual layers of the supporting and adhesive underlay, so that a smooth unrolling of the supporting and adhesive underlay is ensured is.
- the floor covering according to the invention can and must be treated practically in exactly the same way as the known ash coverings in outdoor areas, so it can be rolled, for example, without further notice.
- the usual and necessary blasting should be carried out with water sprayed like a fog and as carefully as possible to prevent the floor covering from softening.
- teaching of the invention is applicable both in the creation of new sports fields - outdoor courts or sports halls - and in the renovation of old sports fields; without further ado, if you have a suitable substructure or, if you already have one, find one.
- the floor covering 1 is intended for sports fields with a solid substructure 2, for example made of concrete, and consists of a support and adhesive base 3 made of a coconut fiber fabric, and from a support 4 made of sand, red sand, ash or applied to the support and adhesive base 3 .
- a solid substructure 2 for example made of concrete
- a support and adhesive base 3 made of a coconut fiber fabric
- a support 4 made of sand, red sand, ash or applied to the support and adhesive base 3 .
- the mesh size of the material of the support and adhesive base 3 is matched to the grain size of the material of the support 4. Otherwise, the support and adhesive pad 3 is fixed in position on the substructure 2 by an elastic adhesive.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT80100802T ATE1511T1 (de) | 1979-02-19 | 1980-02-18 | Bodenbelag fuer sportplaetze mit einem massiven unterbau. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2906274 | 1979-02-19 | ||
| DE2906274A DE2906274C2 (de) | 1979-02-19 | 1979-02-19 | Bodenbelag für Sportfelder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0015432A1 EP0015432A1 (de) | 1980-09-17 |
| EP0015432B1 true EP0015432B1 (de) | 1982-09-01 |
Family
ID=6063277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP80100802A Expired EP0015432B1 (de) | 1979-02-19 | 1980-02-18 | Bodenbelag für Sportplätze mit einem massiven Unterbau |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4301207A (da) |
| EP (1) | EP0015432B1 (da) |
| JP (1) | JPS55111557A (da) |
| AR (1) | AR226553A1 (da) |
| AT (1) | ATE1511T1 (da) |
| AU (1) | AU528044B2 (da) |
| BR (1) | BR8000999A (da) |
| CA (1) | CA1136170A (da) |
| DE (1) | DE2906274C2 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK69980A (da) |
| GR (1) | GR67027B (da) |
| IL (1) | IL59357A (da) |
| NO (1) | NO150129C (da) |
| PT (1) | PT70836A (da) |
| YU (1) | YU39575B (da) |
| ZA (1) | ZA80774B (da) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2906274A1 (de) * | 1979-02-19 | 1980-08-21 | Schulze Herbert Dietrich Gmbh | Bodenbelag fuer sporthallen |
Families Citing this family (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3073516A (en) * | 1959-08-06 | 1963-01-15 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Centrifuges |
| DE3129837C2 (de) * | 1981-07-15 | 1984-09-20 | Otto 4408 Dülmen Bager jun. | Tennisbodenbelag |
| DE3148561C2 (de) * | 1981-12-08 | 1985-08-08 | J.F. Adolff Ag, 7150 Backnang | Sportfeld-Belagsbahn sowie Verfahren zum Belegen eines Sportfelds mit derartigen Belagsbahnen |
| US4601925A (en) * | 1984-10-18 | 1986-07-22 | Hsu Samuel K | Race track cushioning surface |
| JPH0331328Y2 (da) * | 1985-07-01 | 1991-07-03 | ||
| JPS6324967A (ja) * | 1986-07-18 | 1988-02-02 | 株式会社 シエル石油大阪発売所 | 室内用テニスコ−ト並びにその装置 |
| DE3629798C2 (de) * | 1986-09-02 | 1998-07-30 | Polytan Sportbelagsysteme Gmbh | Sportbahn |
| US5365710A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-11-22 | Connor/Aga Sports Flooring Corporation | Resilient subfloor pad |
| CH687715A5 (de) * | 1994-01-19 | 1997-01-31 | Amarit Ag | Bodenbelag, insbesondere Sportplatzbelag. |
| DE19634902A1 (de) * | 1996-08-29 | 1998-03-12 | Berleburger Schaumstoffwerk | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bodenbelägen und Bodenbelag, bestehend aus einer Trägerschicht und einem Oberbelag |
| US6472041B1 (en) * | 2000-02-28 | 2002-10-29 | Richard L. Burke | Monolithic surfacing system and method for making same |
| CN1332105C (zh) * | 2002-09-13 | 2007-08-15 | 常州市红日防静电地板制造有限公司 | 一种多功能网络架空活动地板 |
| GB0307671D0 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2003-05-07 | Nottinghamshire Sports And Saf | Improvements relating to the construction of playing surfaces |
| GB0307672D0 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2003-05-07 | Nottinghamshire Sports And Saf | Playing surface structure and method of construction of a playing surface |
| US20040202851A1 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-10-14 | Goodrum Richard A. | Turf reinforcement mat composite including support mat core and attached fiber matrix |
| US20060165954A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2006-07-27 | Gold Darryl S | Indoor and outdoor bamboo area rug |
| US9061482B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2015-06-23 | Gfh Enterprises, Inc. | Flexible chair pad |
| US20110143615A1 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2011-06-16 | Gold Darryl S | Foldable and flexible laminated mat |
| US7361616B2 (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2008-04-22 | Anji Mountain Bamboo Rug Co. | Indoor and outdoor bamboo area rug |
| US8158232B2 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2012-04-17 | Gfh Enterprises, Inc. | Foldable chair pad |
| WO2014199242A1 (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-18 | Gamage Chandra Jayantha | Shock absorbing surface lining based on coconut coir |
| US10277280B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2019-04-30 | Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC | Configuration of data and power transfer in near field communications |
| US9577463B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2017-02-21 | Sony Corporation | Portable device to portable device wireless power transfer methods and systems |
| US9843360B2 (en) | 2014-08-14 | 2017-12-12 | Sony Corporation | Method and system for use in configuring multiple near field antenna systems |
| US10965159B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2021-03-30 | Sony Corporation | Scalable antenna system |
| US9426610B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2016-08-23 | Sony Corporation | Applying mesh network to luggage |
| US9906897B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2018-02-27 | Sony Corporation | Applying mesh network to pet carriers |
| US10127601B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2018-11-13 | Sony Corporation | Mesh network applied to fixed establishment with movable items therein |
| US9516461B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2016-12-06 | Sony Corporation | Mesh network applied to arena events |
| US9900748B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2018-02-20 | Sony Corporation | Consumer electronics (CE) device and related method for providing stadium services |
| US9361802B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2016-06-07 | Sony Corporation | Vehicle ad hoc network (VANET) |
| US10774544B2 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-09-15 | Mission V Sports, LLC | Flooring system including a material displaying dilatant properties, and methods for installation of an athletic flooring system |
| EP4471212A3 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2025-02-26 | Mission V Sports, LLC | Flooring system including a dilatant, non-newtonian material, and method of assembling such flooring system |
| US12241263B2 (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2025-03-04 | Robbins, Inc. | Polyurethane floor with wood look, and related apparatus |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB203935A (en) * | 1922-10-23 | 1923-09-20 | Walter John Jarman | Improvements in the construction of hard tennis courts |
| DE448758C (de) * | 1925-01-27 | 1927-08-23 | Robert Friedrich | Unterlage fuer fugenlose Fussbodenbelaege |
| US1917014A (en) * | 1930-10-22 | 1933-07-04 | Bowes George | Golf playing surface |
| US2013558A (en) * | 1930-11-08 | 1935-09-03 | Chadeloid Chemical Co | Putting green and other materials |
| FR762974A (fr) * | 1933-05-29 | 1934-04-21 | Ver Touwfabrieken Nv | Procédé pour l'établissement d'un revêtement pour routes, chaussées, chemins, sentiers, planchers, toitures, etc., et matière pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé |
| US2210348A (en) * | 1939-04-18 | 1940-08-06 | Ernest A Flowers Jr | Roofing material |
| US2558759A (en) * | 1946-01-09 | 1951-07-03 | Robert H Johnson | Artificial ski chute |
| FR1047329A (fr) * | 1951-02-26 | 1953-12-14 | Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks Ag | Revêtement de chaussée pour ponts |
| CH415418A (de) * | 1961-06-07 | 1966-06-15 | Albert Koeppel Ag | Belagmasse |
| CH473279A (de) * | 1967-04-03 | 1969-05-31 | Gertsch & Co Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fahrbahnbelägen, insbesondere von Brückenbelägen |
| DE1658467A1 (de) * | 1967-08-16 | 1970-10-22 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Verfahren zur Regulierung und Verbesserung der physikalischen Eigenschaften einer Bodenflaeche und Bauelement zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens |
| FR2112087B1 (da) * | 1970-10-09 | 1973-11-23 | Bourdin & Chausse | |
| DE2162726A1 (de) * | 1971-12-17 | 1973-06-20 | Akzo Gmbh | Verwendung einer matte zur bodenverfestigung |
| FR2211028A5 (da) * | 1972-12-19 | 1974-07-12 | Revetements Tech | |
| ZA744530B (en) * | 1973-07-23 | 1975-08-27 | Snow Prod Inc | Artificial surface for sliding devices |
| DE2520550A1 (de) * | 1975-05-09 | 1976-11-18 | Schleich Josef | Spielflaechenboden, insbesondere tennisboden |
| US4044179A (en) * | 1975-11-18 | 1977-08-23 | Mod-Sod Sport Surfaces | Playing surface for athletic games |
| US4146635A (en) * | 1976-04-15 | 1979-03-27 | Ludwig Eigenmann | Anti-skid, wear- and stress-resisting road marking tape material |
| DE2710578A1 (de) * | 1977-03-11 | 1978-09-14 | Lothar Bestmann | Verfahren zur herstellung eines belages fuer rotgrandplaetze u.dgl. |
| DE2754149A1 (de) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-06-07 | Rolf Hagemann | Klebverlegung von platten, matten und bahnen |
| DE2819252C2 (de) * | 1978-05-02 | 1984-08-23 | Schmidt, Bernhard L., New York, N.Y. | Decke für Sport- und Spielanlagen |
| DE7813357U1 (de) * | 1978-05-02 | 1978-11-16 | Schmidt, Bernhard L., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) | Decke für Sport- und Spielanlagen und Wege |
| DE2906274C2 (de) * | 1979-02-19 | 1982-11-18 | Kommanditgesellschaft Herbert Dietrich Schulze Gmbh & Co, 4600 Dortmund | Bodenbelag für Sportfelder |
-
1979
- 1979-02-19 DE DE2906274A patent/DE2906274C2/de not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-02-02 GR GR61109A patent/GR67027B/el unknown
- 1980-02-11 IL IL59357A patent/IL59357A/xx unknown
- 1980-02-11 ZA ZA00800774A patent/ZA80774B/xx unknown
- 1980-02-12 JP JP1489080A patent/JPS55111557A/ja active Granted
- 1980-02-15 US US06/121,663 patent/US4301207A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-02-15 PT PT70836A patent/PT70836A/pt unknown
- 1980-02-15 AR AR279985A patent/AR226553A1/es active
- 1980-02-15 NO NO800418A patent/NO150129C/no unknown
- 1980-02-15 YU YU418/80A patent/YU39575B/xx unknown
- 1980-02-15 BR BR8000999A patent/BR8000999A/pt unknown
- 1980-02-18 EP EP80100802A patent/EP0015432B1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-02-18 DK DK69980A patent/DK69980A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-02-18 AT AT80100802T patent/ATE1511T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-02-18 AU AU55639/80A patent/AU528044B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-02-18 CA CA000345880A patent/CA1136170A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2906274A1 (de) * | 1979-02-19 | 1980-08-21 | Schulze Herbert Dietrich Gmbh | Bodenbelag fuer sporthallen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR8000999A (pt) | 1980-10-29 |
| JPS55111557A (en) | 1980-08-28 |
| EP0015432A1 (de) | 1980-09-17 |
| YU39575B (en) | 1984-12-31 |
| ATE1511T1 (de) | 1982-09-15 |
| NO150129B (no) | 1984-05-14 |
| NO150129C (no) | 1984-08-22 |
| CA1136170A (en) | 1982-11-23 |
| US4301207A (en) | 1981-11-17 |
| IL59357A (en) | 1982-08-31 |
| AU5563980A (en) | 1980-08-28 |
| DE2906274C2 (de) | 1982-11-18 |
| NO800418L (no) | 1980-08-20 |
| DE2906274A1 (de) | 1980-08-21 |
| GR67027B (da) | 1981-05-20 |
| YU41880A (en) | 1983-04-30 |
| IL59357A0 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
| PT70836A (de) | 1980-03-01 |
| AU528044B2 (en) | 1983-04-14 |
| AR226553A1 (es) | 1982-07-30 |
| ZA80774B (en) | 1980-12-31 |
| DK69980A (da) | 1980-08-20 |
| JPS6252592B2 (da) | 1987-11-06 |
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