EP0014868B1 - Générateur de vibrations pour un pulvérisateur de liquides ultrasonique - Google Patents

Générateur de vibrations pour un pulvérisateur de liquides ultrasonique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0014868B1
EP0014868B1 EP80100481A EP80100481A EP0014868B1 EP 0014868 B1 EP0014868 B1 EP 0014868B1 EP 80100481 A EP80100481 A EP 80100481A EP 80100481 A EP80100481 A EP 80100481A EP 0014868 B1 EP0014868 B1 EP 0014868B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amplifier
circuit
vibration generator
further characterized
generator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80100481A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0014868A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Bernitz
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT80100481T priority Critical patent/ATE5638T1/de
Publication of EP0014868A1 publication Critical patent/EP0014868A1/fr
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Publication of EP0014868B1 publication Critical patent/EP0014868B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
    • B06B1/0223—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time
    • B06B1/0238—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave
    • B06B1/0246—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal
    • B06B1/0253—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal taken directly from the generator circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
    • B06B2201/55—Piezoelectric transducer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/70—Specific application
    • B06B2201/77—Atomizers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vibration generator for an ultrasonic liquid atomizer, consisting of a push-pull oscillator circuit containing an amplifier with inductive feedback and a piezoceramic atomizer element with an inductive feedback to the input of the amplifier.
  • Such vibrators for an ultrasonic liquid atomizer are used in inhalation devices, fuel atomizer systems, humidifiers, paint atomizers and similar devices.
  • they can consist of a separate oscillator and adapter circuit for the piezoceramic atomizer element that does not influence these circuit parts, but on the other hand, due to its selective properties, this atomizer element can be part of the oscillator and adapter circuit.
  • a feedback high-frequency generator with a piezoelectric oscillator is known (DE-AS 1 286 627), the input-side control pulses of which are derived indirectly from the supply circuit for the piezoelectric oscillator.
  • a transformer is used, through whose primary winding the supply current for the piezoelectric oscillator is conducted and through whose secondary winding the control signals for the inputs of the high-frequency generator are derived.
  • An adjustable capacitance is arranged to correct the vibration behavior of the piezoelectric vibrator.
  • Vibration generators for an ultrasonic liquid atomizer are described in DE-OS 25 24 862 and 21 29 665. Such circuits work with a voltage supply derived from the mains voltage (220/110 V) with operating voltages of around 40 volts. Your component requirements are large and sometimes require special transducer designs. In operation, fluctuations in load show incorrect origins of the vibration generator in relation to the atomizer resonance of the piezoceramic atomizer element, which lead to the vibration of the vibration generator being chipped off or hindering the safe oscillation of this generator in the start-up phase. The excitation of other vibration modes of the atomizer element which are not suitable for atomization and which impede the safe handling of a liquid atomizer is possible as well as undesirable.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a circuit which swings safely at low operating voltages, detunes only significantly under load (for example less than 5%) and manages with a few active and passive components, and is excited exclusively on the atomizer resonance and is suitable for battery or accumulator operation.
  • a feedback-inductance-tunable, frequency-selective resonant circuit for tuning the supply circuit to the atomizer frequency is arranged, which in the coordinated case drives the amplifier in phase with the load current flowing through it.
  • the oscillation condition for this one frequency band-limited by the selective sensor and possible in the piezoceramic atomizer of the oscillation generator circuit is fulfilled, but at the same time that for the piezoceramic Atomizer element also possible other vibration modes are damped.
  • the oscillation generator circuit thus oscillates only at the desired frequency, which is limited by the selective sensor element, even if it is adjacent to the atomizing frequency, but outside the selection range of the sensor, a resonance frequency or mode that is more easily excitable without this selection means.
  • the amplifier is designed with differential inputs and differential outputs and on the output side contains the primary side of a feedforward transformer as a symmetrical load and the secondary side of the feedforward transformer is loaded by a selective connection of piezoceramic atomizer element and a series connection of this via resonance transformers coupled parallel resonance circuit, via whose primary winding the voltage to be fed back is tapped, which drives the differential inputs of the amplifier in a push-pull manner to excite vibrations.
  • a reliable vibration generator circuit with a piezoceramic atomizer element can be achieved with just a few components.
  • a special design of the atomizer element for deriving the positive feedback voltage is not necessary for this.
  • the Mitkopplungsbe Serving to simplify vibrations is achieved by appropriate polarity (decoupling in opposite directions to the input winding) of the positive feedback transformer.
  • a configuration of the circuit is used in which an adaptation choke is connected in parallel with the atomizer element.
  • the matching choke which is parallel to the atomizer element, becomes more important because the high load currents of the oscillating circuit at the finite internal resistance of the control circuit with its voltage source lead to voltage drops in the event of resonance.
  • the atomizer resonance With the series resonance character closely adjacent vibration mode, with the parallel resonance character is shifted such that it lies outside the bandwidth of the current sensor, which it would otherwise influence; it proves even more important here that a resonance increase in the atomizer mode also takes place in the event of voltage dips.
  • the frequency of the generated vibration is determined in a band-limited manner by the parallel resonance circuit, which is matched to the atomizer frequency of the piezoceramic atomizer element. This achieves a safe start-up and safe operation of the circuit on the atomizer resonance, from which it hardly deviates even under load. A avoidance of the vibration generator to a different vibration mode of the atomizer element is avoided.
  • the parallel resonant circuit which is located in the supply circuit of the piezoceramic transducer via an autotransformer, a potential-isolating transformer or a capacitive coupling, can be capacitively or inductively adjusted, or the adjustment can consist of a combination of both methods. This minimizes the adjustment work when changing the transducer, in the cheapest method for an adjustment process of an element.
  • the reliability and susceptibility of the vibration generator to failure increases with the small number of components and balancing elements that are prone to failure.
  • the amplifier is formed by a differential amplifier circuit of two transistors, which contains the primary side of the positive feedback transformer, which has a supply voltage applied to a center tap, as a collector circuit.
  • a vibration generator can be constructed with a minimum of components, which, thanks to its push-pull arrangement, manages with low operating voltages and is very reliable due to its symmetrical structure. If you want to do without the symmetrical structure, a circuit arrangement is also possible in which only one collector of the differential amplifier is loaded by the primary side of the positive feedback transformer.
  • a diode is arranged between the bases of the differential amplifier transistors in the reverse direction, polarized against a fixed potential, and by rectifying part of the positive feedback voltage simultaneously leads to the symmetry of the amplifier control and provides the basic control current.
  • this arrangement prevents the accumulation of charges in the base zones of the transistors from causing the switching times to be extended.
  • the amplifier has a differential amplifier input consisting of two transistors, the two bases of which are driven in a push-pull manner and one of which is separated from the common emitter point by a diode which is polarized in the reverse direction, via a series resistor from the supply voltage source with the starting current for both Bases of the differential amplifier transistors is supplied. It is quite irrelevant whether the base resistance provided for starting the circuit is designed symmetrically for both bases of the differential amplifier, symmetrically via a center tap on the primary side of the resonance transformer for the parallel resonant circuit, or asymmetrically feeding the starting current at any point on the base circuit.
  • the circuit arrangement of the diodes which are polarized in the reverse direction which receives the base current of the transistors via rectification of the feedback part of the oscillator signal, ensures an independent basic supply of the differential amplifier.
  • the ultrasonic liquid atomizer operates from an operating voltage of 1 volt, which is of great importance for battery devices or operation on accumulators .
  • Simplified manufacturing conditions can be achieved from the training of the resonance transformer of the parallel resonant circuit by using an easier-to-manufacture autotransformer.
  • Simplified manufacturing conditions can be achieved from the training of the resonance transformer of the parallel resonant circuit by using an easier-to-manufacture autotransformer.
  • a parallel resonant circuit formed from an untapped coil and a capacitance in the current path is sufficient as a selective current sensor.
  • Fig. 1 shows a vibrator for an ultrasonic liquid atomizer.
  • Fig. 2 shows the discrete structure of a vibration generator for an ultrasonic liquid atomizer with a low supply voltage.
  • a vibration generator for an ultrasonic liquid atomizer is shown.
  • the direction of winding on the secondary side of the positive feedback transformer 14 is selected such that one, the oscillation, via the taps on the resonant circuit Exciting positive feedback of the amplifier 11 arises.
  • the atomizer resonance of the piezoceramic atomizer element 15 is set by the adjustable inductance of the parallel resonant circuit 18 coupled via resonance transmitters.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vibration generator for an ultrasonic liquid atomizer with an amplifier circuit, which consists of two npn-Si transistors 21, 22 in differential amplifier arrangements, the collectors of which are connected to the positive supply voltage 24 via a tapped primary winding of the positive feedback transformer 23.
  • the positive feedback transformer 23 is loaded by the parallel connection of the atomizer element 25 with its matching choke 26 and the parallel resonant circuit 28 connected in series via the resonance transformer 27.
  • the positive feedback voltage is tapped across the primary winding of the resonance transformer 27 and applied to the bases of the differential amplifier transistors 21, 22.
  • the phase of this positive feedback voltage is achieved by the winding sense of the secondary winding of the positive feedback transformer.
  • the resistor 29 between the positive supply voltage terminal and the base of the transistor 21 supplies the base current of the differential amplifier which is necessary for starting the circuit and which, in the event of operation, establishes its base potential via the diodes 30, 31 by rectifying part of the positive feedback voltage.
  • the control of the bases with respect to the common emitter point is symmetrized by the respective conductive diode.
  • the common emitter point of the differential amplifier which is connected to the two anodes of the diodes 30 and 31, which are polarized in the reverse direction between the emitter and the base of the transistors, is at the negative terminal of the supply voltage 24, which can be a minimum value of approximately 1 volt.
  • the starting resistor can be divided into two symmetrical resistors which are assigned to the respective bases, and it can also act as a single resistor 29 at each point of the circuit which is connected on the secondary side to the positive feedback transformer and is in galvanic connection with the bases of the differential amplifier .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Générateur de vibrations pour un pulvérisateur ultrasonique de liquides, constitué par un circuit oscillant symétrique à réaction positive et comportant un amplificateur, et par un élément piézoélectrique de pulvérisation à contre-réaction inductive menant à l'entrée de l'amplificateur, caractérisé par le fait que dans le circuit d'alimentation de l'élément piézoélectrique de pulvérisation est disposé un circuit oscillant accordable, sélectif du point de vue de la fréquence et incluant l'inductance de contre-réaction, en vue d'accorder à la fréquence du pulvérisateur le circuit d'alimentation, et qui, à l'état accordé, attaque avec réaction positive l'amplificateur en phase avec le courant de charge qui le traverse.
2. Générateur de pulvérisation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'amplificateur (11, 21, 22) est réalisé avec des entrées différentielles et avec des sorties différentielles et comporte, du côté sortie, le côté primaire d'un transformateur à réaction positive (14; 23) en tant que charge symétrique, alors que le côté secondaire du transformateur à réaction positive (14; 23) est chargé par un circuit sélectif constitué par un élément piézoélectrique de pulvérisation (15; 25) et par un circuit résonnant parallèle (18; 28) couplé par un transformateur accordé et monté en série avec ledit circuit sélectif, la tension de contre-réaction qui attaque symétriquement les entrées différentielles de l'amplificateur (11; 21, 22) pour l'exécution des vibrations, étant prélevée au niveau de l'enroulement primaire dudit transformateur accordé.
3. Générateur de vibrations selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'en parallèle sur l'élément de pulvérisation (15; 25) est montée une self d'adaptation (16, 26).
4. Générateur de vibrations selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait que la fréquence de la vibration est déterminée, avec limitation de la bande, par le circuit résonnant parallèle (18; 28).
5. Générateur de vibrations selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que 22), qui comporte, comme circuit de collecteur le côté primaire du transformateur de réaction positive, qui possède une tension d'alimentation (24) appliquée à une prise médiane.
6. Générateur de vibration selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'entre les bases des transistors de l'amplificateur différentiel sont respectivement disposées des diodes dont chacune est montée en direction inverse par rapport à un potentiel fixe, en vue de rendre symétrique l'attaque de l'amplificateur et d'obtenir le courant de commande des bases.
7. Générateur de vibrations selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'amplificateur (11; 21, 22) possède une entrée d'amplificateur à deux transistors (21, 22), dont les deux bases sont attaquées symétriquement et dont l'une est alimentée par une diode (30) montée en direction inverse, à partir du point d'émetteur commun et séparément et par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance série (29), par la source de tension d'alimentation (24), en courant d'attaque pour les deux bases des transistors (21, 22) de l'amplificateur différentiel.
8. Générateur de vibrations selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la tension d'alimentation minimale (19; 24) est de l'ordre de grandeur de 1 volt, de préférence dans le cas de transistors Si.
9. Générateur de vibrations selon l'une des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que le transformateur accordé (17; 27) du circuit oscillant parallèle (18; 28) est réalisé sous la forme d'un auto-transformateur.
10. Générateur de vibrations selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le circuit oscillant disposé dans le circuit d'alimentation de l'élément de pulvérisation, est un circuit résonnant parallèle.
EP80100481A 1979-02-20 1980-01-31 Générateur de vibrations pour un pulvérisateur de liquides ultrasonique Expired EP0014868B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80100481T ATE5638T1 (de) 1979-02-20 1980-01-31 Schwingungserzeuger fuer einen ultraschallflssssigkeitszerstaeuber.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2906499A DE2906499C2 (de) 1979-02-20 1979-02-20 Schwingungserzeuger für kleine Betriebsspannungen für Ultraschall-Flüssigkeitszerstäuber
DE2906499 1979-02-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0014868A1 EP0014868A1 (fr) 1980-09-03
EP0014868B1 true EP0014868B1 (fr) 1983-12-21

Family

ID=6063418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80100481A Expired EP0014868B1 (fr) 1979-02-20 1980-01-31 Générateur de vibrations pour un pulvérisateur de liquides ultrasonique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4336509A (fr)
EP (1) EP0014868B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS55149663A (fr)
AT (1) ATE5638T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1150391A (fr)
DE (2) DE2906499C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK152023C (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4582654A (en) * 1984-09-12 1986-04-15 Varian Associates, Inc. Nebulizer particularly adapted for analytical purposes
US4642581A (en) * 1985-06-21 1987-02-10 Sono-Tek Corporation Ultrasonic transducer drive circuit
GB2265845B (en) * 1991-11-12 1996-05-01 Medix Ltd A nebuliser and nebuliser control system
EP1095712A1 (fr) * 1999-10-26 2001-05-02 Telsonic Ag Procédé d'alimentation regulée pour converteur et générateur ultrason
US8006918B2 (en) * 2008-10-03 2011-08-30 The Proctor & Gamble Company Alternating current powered delivery system
FR2962032B1 (fr) 2009-12-23 2019-11-15 L'oreal Composition pour colorer les fibres keratiniques comprenant au moins un derive d'orthodiphenol, un agent oxydant, une argile et un agent alcalinisant
US20110232312A1 (en) * 2010-03-24 2011-09-29 Whirlpool Corporation Flexible wick as water delivery system
US9143100B2 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-09-22 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method and circuitry for multi-stage amplification
AU2016261642B2 (en) 2015-05-11 2021-08-19 Stryker Corporation System and method for driving an ultrasonic handpiece with a linear amplifier
WO2017106329A1 (fr) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-22 Stryker Corporation Système d'outil chirurgical ultrasonore comprenant une pointe capable de mouvement longitudinal et en torsion simultané et d'oscillations sensiblement en torsion
KR102537365B1 (ko) 2016-05-31 2023-05-26 스트리커 코포레이션 누설 제어권선 및 커패시터를 갖는 변압기를 포함하는 제어 계기반
AU2018381241A1 (en) 2017-12-06 2020-06-25 Stryker Corporation System and methods for controlling patient leakage current in a surgical system

Family Cites Families (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1207487B (de) * 1960-10-04 1965-12-23 Philips Nv Hochfrequenzroehrengenerator mit piezomagnetischem Schwinger
NL99782C (fr) * 1960-10-04
US3293456A (en) * 1963-03-18 1966-12-20 Branson Instr Ultrasonic cleaning apparatus
FR1558281A (fr) * 1967-03-21 1969-02-28
DE2129665C3 (de) * 1970-06-30 1981-02-12 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Vorrichtung zum Zerstäuben von Flüssigkeiten mit einem piezoelektrisch angeregten Schwingungssystem
US3681626A (en) * 1971-11-11 1972-08-01 Branson Instr Oscillatory circuit for ultrasonic cleaning apparatus
US3813616A (en) * 1973-03-22 1974-05-28 Blackstone Corp Electromechanical oscillator
US4012647A (en) * 1974-01-31 1977-03-15 Ultrasonic Systems, Inc. Ultrasonic motors and converters
US3989042A (en) * 1974-06-06 1976-11-02 Tdk Electronics Company, Limited Oscillator-exciting system for ultrasonic liquid nebulizer
US3967143A (en) * 1974-10-10 1976-06-29 Oki Electric Industry Company, Ltd. Ultrasonic wave generator
GB1537058A (en) * 1975-05-20 1978-12-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Ultrasonic generators
FR2421513A1 (fr) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-26 Gaboriaud Paul Atomiseur ultra-sonique a pilotage automatique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2906499C2 (de) 1981-07-09
DK152023C (da) 1988-06-27
EP0014868A1 (fr) 1980-09-03
DE2906499B1 (de) 1980-08-07
DE3065929D1 (en) 1984-01-26
DK60680A (da) 1980-08-21
ATE5638T1 (de) 1984-01-15
CA1150391A (fr) 1983-07-19
US4336509A (en) 1982-06-22
JPS55149663A (en) 1980-11-21
DK152023B (da) 1988-01-25

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