Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/08—Liquid soap, e.g. for dispensers; capsuled
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
  • C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
  • C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • C11D3/32—Amides; Substituted amides
  • C11D3/323—Amides; Substituted amides urea or derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/34—Organic compounds containing sulfur
  • C11D3/3418—Toluene -, xylene -, cumene -, benzene - or naphthalene sulfonates or sulfates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/40—Dyes ; Pigments
  • C11D3/42—Brightening agents ; Blueing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• Two-component detergents are understood to mean preparations consisting of two separately produced and stored detergent constituents which are only combined with one another immediately before or at the start of the washing process.
• the present invention relates to such an agent in which the liquid concentrate contains one component as a fatty acid and other surfactants and the other component contains the alkali required for soap formation.
• the first component consists of soap-forming fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or oleic acid, which can be present in a mixture with emulsifiers or solvents, such as sulfated olive oil, hydrocarbons, turpentine and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
• the second component contains the alkalis required for soap formation, such as alkali metal hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates and silicates, and is only combined with the first component in the wash liquor. Bleaching components can also be added. This process has a number of disadvantages, particularly in commercial laundries high degree of automation play a role.
• FR-PS 1 460 904 Another method known from FR-PS 1 460 904 is based on aqueous fatty acid emulsions suitable for soap formation, which are combined with the washing alkalis in the wash liquor.
• the fatty acid which is preferably technical oleic acid or a low-melting fatty acid mixture (titer 45 ° C.)
• a nonionic emulsifier such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate or monostearate, optionally with the addition of distilled tall oil .
• Substances with an alkaline reaction must not be added, as these will break the emulsions.
• the cleaning power of the compositions is comparatively low, since the emulsifiers used do not make any notable contribution to the detergency. Furthermore, the stability, in particular the low-temperature stability, of the emulsions is poor, since segregation occurs below the freezing point, which cannot be easily reversed after heating.
• liquid agents of the aforementioned type in particular in the form of highly concentrated preparations.
• Highly concentrated agents make it possible to keep packaging, transport and storage costs low.
• liquid funds they have the advantage of easy handling and D osier- bility. This not only offers decisive advantages for commercial laundries that are equipped with appropriate batch and storage tanks, but also for the z.
• Household washing machines currently in development, equipped with storage and dosing devices. With these new devices, the detergent dosage is specifically matched to the respective washing program, which prevents undesirable or wastewater-incorrect dosing.
• the fatty acid listed under (a) consists of 60 to 100% by weight, preferably .65 to 95% by weight, of oleic acid.
• polyunsaturated fatty acids e.g. Linoleic acid
• the proportion of saturated fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms is 0 to 35, preferably 2 to 20% by weight, the proportion expediently.
• the stearic acid should not exceed 5% by weight, in particular 3% by weight.
• Suitable fatty acid mixtures have, for example, the following composition (in% by weight):
• the content of the fatty acids mentioned under (a) in the dispersion is preferably 30 to 34% by weight.
• the potassium soap mentioned under (b) is derived from the fatty acids of the aforementioned composition and is preferably present in proportions of 12 to 15% by weight.
• the ethoxylated alcohols listed under (c) are derived from native or synthetic alcohols, in particular oxo alcohols having 8 to 14, preferably 9 to 12, carbon atoms.
• the oxo alcohols can be linearly branched or methyl-branched in the 2-position. Mixtures of native alcohols and alcohols obtained by oxo reaction are also suitable.
• the number of ethylene glycol ether groups is on average 5 to 10, preferably 6 to 8.
• the proportion of ethoxylated alcohols in the dispersions should be 15 to 25, preferably 18 b i. s are 22% by weight.
• the component (d) consists of linear sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, in particular dodecylbenzenesulfonate, in proportions of 4 to 10, preferably 6 to 8,% by weight.
• optical brighteners listed under (e) are derived from compounds of the formulas
• Optical brighteners of the formula I are preferably used, in which R 1 and R 2 represent morpholino, diethanolamino or anilino residues.
• the optical brighteners are present in proportions of 0.05 to 1, preferably 0.1 to 0.7,% by weight.
• hydrotropic compounds listed under (f) can be present in the form of the Na or K salts from urea and / or from low molecular weight alkyl or dialkylbenzenesulfonates, such as toluene, ethylbenzene, cumene or xylene sulfonate. Their proportion is preferably 1.5 to 3% by weight.
• the component (g) consists of aliphatic C 1 -C 3 alcohols, for example ethanol, propanol and in particular isopropanol, and of the mixtures of the alcohols mentioned.
• the content of these alcohols in the compositions is preferably up to 8% by weight.
• Agents with fractions of less than 4% of the alcohols mentioned can also contain hydrotropic ether alcohols which are derived from C 1 -C 4 monoalcohols and ethylene glycol or propylene glycol or diglycols.
• hydrotropic ether alcohols which are derived from C 1 -C 4 monoalcohols and ethylene glycol or propylene glycol or diglycols.
• the monomethyl, monoethyl, monopropyl, monoisopropyl or monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol are suitable.
• the water content of the detergent concentrate is 15 are stable in storage within a temperature range between + 50 ° C and -1 0 0 C. Although they become pasty after storage for several weeks at a temperature of -10 ° C, they do not tend to separate even under such extreme conditions, but instead form well-pourable, largely clear liquids after reheating. ,
• additives may also include biocides, fragrances, dyes, stabilizers, sequestering agents, neutral salts and optical brighteners of other constitution, but the total amount of such additives should not exceed 10% by weight and preferably less than 5% by weight, in particular less than 2 wt .-%, so that a negative influence on the cold stability is avoided.
• Component B which is combined with the dispersion described above to form fatty acid soaps before or at the start of the washing process, consists of a. most technical cases from an aqueous solution of alkalis, for example the hydroxides, carbonates, silicates, phosphates and polyphosphates of sodium or potassium or of mixtures of the alkaline compounds mentioned. Their alkalinity and their amount should be such that the fatty acids are completely converted into the soaps and there is also an excess of alkali, so that the pH of the wash liquor is 9.5 to 14, preferably at least 10 and in particular 10.2 - is 13.5.
• other compounds can be present sequestering acting '. e.g.
• Na or K salts of polycarboxylic acids Hydroxy- or Ethcrpolycarboxylic acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, hydroxyalkanephosphonic acids and aminopolyphosphonic acids.
• examples of particularly common compounds are nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, diethylenetriamineopentaacetic acid, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid and 1-aminoethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid.
• a liquid, easily metered and, in particular, cold-resistant solution of washing alkalis, which has proven to be particularly suitable as component B for use in automated laundry operations, has the following composition:
• the mixing ratio of component A with liquid component B according to the above composition is 1: 1 to 1: 4, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 3, the total amount of all detergent components and washing alkalis in the washing liquor being 5 g to 30 g, preferably 10 is up to 25 g per kg of dry laundry.
• the invention further relates to a washing process using the two components A and B in accordance with the aforementioned compositions, mixing ratios and use concentrations.
• Additional components can be added to these washing processes are, for example, sodium aluminum silicates capable of cation exchange according to DE-AS 24 12 837, graying inhibitors, such as cellulose ethers and cellulose mixed ethers, enzymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine, optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
• graying inhibitors such as cellulose ethers and cellulose mixed ethers
• enzymes and bleaches containing active oxygen or active chlorine optionally with the addition of bleach activators.
• they are also preferably in the form of solutions or dispersions, it being possible, if necessary, to counteract poor stability by encapsulating the active compounds.
• the fatty acids (a) used in the recipes and the fatty acids contained in the potassium soaps (b) had the following composition (in% by weight):
• Component c An oxo alcohol of chain length C 9 -C 11 with 7 ethylene glycol ether groups was used as the ethoxylated alcohol (component c).
• Component d consisted of linear Na dodecylbenzenesulfonate.
• the sodium salt of the compound of the formula I was used as the optical brightener (component e), in which R 1 and R 2 meant morpholino radicals.
• Urea or K-toluenesulfonate was used as the hydrotrope (component f).
• Component g consisted of isopropanol.
• the component “salts” means small amounts of Na 2 S0 4 and NaCl, which were present as accompanying substances of the alkylbenzenesulfonate and the optical brightener.
• Table 2 The composition is shown in Table 2.
• the fatty acid was first mixed with the amount of potassium hydroxide solution required for soap formation and the ethoxylate and the alkylbenzenesulfonate, which was in the form of a 50% strength aqueous solution, then the optical brightener dissolved in isopropanol was stirred in, and finally the hydrotrope and water up to specified amount added.
• the concentrates were in the form of yellowish, clear to slightly iridescent solutions which were thin at room temperature and remained clear and homogeneous when stored for three weeks in a climatic cabinet at -10 ° C and +50 ° C. A multiple temperature change between +5 0 ° C and -10 ° C also did not lead to segregation.
• the concentrates were miscible with water in all proportions.
• alkaline component B (amounts in% by weight):

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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• 1978
  • 1978-11-02 DE DE2847437A patent/DE2847437C2/de not_active Expired
• 1979
  • 1979-10-05 DK DK419779A patent/DK147146C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1979-10-19 US US06/086,479 patent/US4286956A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1979-10-29 EP EP79104169A patent/EP0011715B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1979-10-29 AT AT79104169T patent/ATE471T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1979-10-31 AT AT0703579A patent/AT373911B/de not_active IP Right Cessation

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