EP0007875A1 - High speed bundling machine for plural, especially quadruple twisting of filaments into a rope - Google Patents
High speed bundling machine for plural, especially quadruple twisting of filaments into a rope Download PDFInfo
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- EP0007875A1 EP0007875A1 EP79400534A EP79400534A EP0007875A1 EP 0007875 A1 EP0007875 A1 EP 0007875A1 EP 79400534 A EP79400534 A EP 79400534A EP 79400534 A EP79400534 A EP 79400534A EP 0007875 A1 EP0007875 A1 EP 0007875A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lyre
- cable
- lyres
- rotation
- machine
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- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B3/00—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
- D07B3/08—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position
- D07B3/10—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position with provision for imparting more than one complete twist to the ropes or cables for each revolution of the take-up reel or of the guide member
- D07B3/106—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position with provision for imparting more than one complete twist to the ropes or cables for each revolution of the take-up reel or of the guide member characterised by comprising two bows, both guiding the same bundle to impart a twist
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B3/00—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
- D07B3/02—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the supply reels rotate about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the component strands away from the supply reels in fixed position
- D07B3/04—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the supply reels rotate about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the component strands away from the supply reels in fixed position and are arranged in tandem along the axis of the machine, e.g. tubular or high-speed type stranding machine
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B3/00—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
- D07B3/08—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position
- D07B3/10—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position with provision for imparting more than one complete twist to the ropes or cables for each revolution of the take-up reel or of the guide member
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
- D07B2207/40—Machine components
- D07B2207/409—Drives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a machine with multiple twists intended to twist in a helix with a chosen pitch a plurality of unit strands coming from supply coils and deliver a cable to a pulling station; more particularly the invention relates to a quadruple torsion machine.
- a multiplicity of unit strands is twisted together in a helix with a chosen pitch, this pitch being defined by the length of which the cable advances for one turn of the propeller.
- the twist was obtained by mounting supply coils, where the unit strands are wound, on a spinning wheel, while the cable was pulled by a capstan or similar device. Each spinning wheel corresponds to one propeller turn.
- the speed of production of a cable with a given pitch is limited essentially by the maximum speed of rotation that the impeller can support, due in particular to centrifugal forces.
- so-called "double twist" machines have been produced, which include a means of pulling the cable to a pulling station, a lyre driven in rotation about a horizontal axis, coupled to the means of traction and defining between two bearings an eccentric portion of cable tray which describes around the axis a surface of revolution enclosing an internal space, and in this internal space a cradle mounted mad on the axis and made immobile by an unbalance, the cable tray extending from one end in the cradle to one end outside the internal space passing axially in the two bearings where the cable receives two twists in the same direction.
- the pulling station At one end of the cable tray is located the pulling station, while the supply coils are arranged at the other end.
- the direction of twist of the cable is the direction of rotation of the radial drive member of the cable, seen from the side of the axial path, independently of the direction of pulling of the cable, so that the pulling station can be indifferently located in the cradle or outside the internal space of the rotating lyre.
- the twists are the same direction at the two levels of the lyre, it is mandatory that the two ends of the cable tray are located one inside and the other outside the space internal circumscribed by the rotation of the lyre, and therefore of the eccentric portion of cable tray.
- Double twist machines can significantly double the speed of cable production compared to spinning machines. Indeed, since the centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the speed of rotation, there is a technological limit to the admissible speed of rotation, and in fact it is exceptional that the speed of rotation of stranding machines exceeds 1200 revolutions. ../minute. At this rotational speed, the cable production speed by double twisting is 100 steps / second (or 360,000 steps / hour). For a step of 14 mm, this corresponds to a production of 5000 meters / hour. There was a need to go further in the speed of production. However, due to the technological limitation of the speed of rotation of the lyres, the increase in production speed could only be obtained by increasing the number of twists.
- the machines with multiple twists described in the aforementioned patents include reversing means constituted by gear trains with planetary torques journalling in flanges of driving lyre, with the exception of French patent 1,405,341 where the reversing means is constituted by an electric motor with an inductor integral with a lyre and an armature integral with the neighboring lyre and capable of rotating with a speed twice that of the outer lyre and in the opposite direction.
- Machines with mechanical inverters comprising planetary couples journalling in the lyre flanges require robust lyre structures, with unbalance balancing due to the eccentric planetary couples.
- the subject of the invention is a machine with multiple twists, in particular quadruple ones, where the rotating masses are reduced so as to achieve a gain in speed of cable production-- close to the theoretical gain, the speed of rotation of the lyres being the same order than that of double twist machines.
- the invention provides a machine with multiple twists with a multiplicity of nested lyres, ' characterized in that the reversing means between two consecutive lyres comprises two pinions in reciprocal engagement journalling in the same cage mounted mad and eccentric on the axis with a stabilization unbalance, each pinion being coupled to a lyre via a belt passing over two pulleys secured respectively to the pinion and the lyre.
- the reversing means thus formed does not participate in the rotation of the lyres, the unbalance of the eccentric cage keeping it immobile in rotation, so that only the pulleys integral with the lyres, balanced by construction, participate in the rotation.
- the speeds of rotation of the moving and driving moving lyres are substantially of the same order of magnitude, being taken with respect to an element, the cage, substantially fixed in space.
- the Lyre structures, apart from the interlocking of intermediate bearings, are identical to that of a lyre of a double-twist machine, and therefore the bearable speeds of rotation are substantially the same.
- the guiding of the cable in the eccentric fraction parallel to the axis between the flanges is provided by a rope stretched between these flanges and furnished with eyelets where the cable passes.
- This ensures sufficient cable guidance to prevent the cable from escaping under the effect of centrifugal force, without significantly increasing the moment of rotation of the flanges, as is the case with tubular guide spacers.
- the tensioned cable is easily adjusted in length without the need for precise adjustments necessary for the alignment of the bearings.
- the inner lyre is driven by its two end flanges through reversing means stabilized by unbalance, and comprises a cable guide rope between its two flaccid.
- reversing means stabilized by unbalance, and comprises a cable guide rope between its two flaccid.
- the quadruple torsion machine comprises, on a base 1 resting on the ground, two bearing housing boxes 2 and 3.
- a motor 4 drives a shaft 4a carrying two pulleys 4b and 4c contiguous to boxes 2 and 3 outwards.
- the pulleys 4b and 4c drive, via notched belts the master pulleys 5a and 5b respectively, journalling in bearings of boxes 2 and 3.
- These pulleys 5a and 5b respectively drive two circular flanges 62 and 63 joined by a rope 64 to form an external lyre 6.
- An internal lyre 7 as a whole is mounted coaxial with the lyre 6, journalling in bearings held by the flanges 62 and 63.
- the lyre 7 comprises two flanges 71 and 73 joined by a spacer tube 75.
- a rotation reverser 8 is mounted idly on the lyre shaft 7 between the flanges 62 and 71, and comprises a cage 80 containing two gears in engagement, with axes parallel to the axis of the lyres.
- the pinions are integral with pulleys connected by toothed belts to two pulleys respectively integral with the flanges 62 of the lyre 6 and 71 of the lyre 7, so that the rotation of the flange 62 causes a rotation in opposite direction of the lyre 7.
- L 'Inverter 8 will be described in detail later, with reference to Figures 3-6.
- the drawing cradle is conventional.
- a set of winding coils mounted on the outside provide unitary strands 10 which penetrate, in the axis of rotation of the lyres 6 and 7, by the bearing of the flange 62.
- a guide pulley, in the center of the flange 62 provides a radial return 11 of the cable being formed, which receives a first twist on this pulley.
- a another return pulley, substantially tangent to the rope 64, provides a return 12 parallel to the axis, along the rope 64, which carries eyelets in which the portion of the cable tray 12 passes.
- the cable is returned radially at 13 towards the axis, to pass axially at 14 the flanges 63 and 73, belonging to the lyres 6 and 7 in reverse rotation.
- the cable at 14 receives a double twist, which is added to the first twist when entering the machine.
- the cable departs radially at 15, follows the spacer 75 in its portion of path 16 parallel to the axis, returns radially at 17, to pass axially at 18 in the cradle 9, receiving a fourth twist.
- twists occur at the junction of an axial segment and a rotating radial segment, and that the direction of torsion is defined by the direction of rotation of the radial segment seen from a point on the axial segment.
- four twists at junctions 10-11, 13-14, 14-15, and 17-18, taking into account the reverse rotations of lyres 6 and 7, are all in the same direction and therefore additive.
- the lyre 6 has as asymmetrical members with respect to the axis of rotation only the rope 64 and the return pulleys, which are light members.
- the rope 64 in steel cable has the unique role of maintaining the cable, in its portion of path 12, substantially parallel to the axis, by means of guide eyelets, but does not intervene to secure in rotation the two flanges 62 and 63, which are driven in synchronism respectively by the pulleys 5a and 5b.
- the rotation reverser 8 is kept substantially stationary by its own unbalance.
- the external lyre can withstand high rotational speeds without imbalance reactions on the bearings, while the cable is kept substantially without arrow in its portion 12. It is possible to reach lyre rotational speeds of about 1200 turns / minute, comparable to those of double twist machines, and therefore double the cable production speed compared to these double twist machines.
- the machine shown in Figure 2 has a base 101 with two bearing boxes 102 and 103 similar to that of the machine in Figure 1.
- the external lyre 106, with its flanges 162 and 163 and its rope 164 is also similar to that shown in figure 1, as well as the lyre drives 104b, 105a and 104c, 105b.
- the central lyre 107 has its flanges 171 and 173 driven respectively by the inverters 108a and 108b, produced like the inverter 8 of FIG. 1.
- the flanges 171 and 173 are joined by a taut line 175 with guide eyelets through which passes the cable, so that the central lyre 107 has the same structure as the external lyre 106, and the same advantages of lightness and capacity to withstand a high rotational speed.
- the cable follows the same path, from the unit strands 110 to the pulling and winding cradle 109.
- the rotation reverser shown in FIGS. 3-6 comprises, at the interlocking of the bearings 200 and 201 of the outer and central lyres respectively, a yoke 204 which turns madly around the bearing or hub 200 of the outer lyre.
- a cage 205 in which are arranged two pinions engaged 210 and 211.
- a pulley 206 On the axis of the pinion 210 is wedged, outside the cage, a pulley 206, opposite a pulley 202 wedged on the level 200 of the external lyre.
- a toothed belt 208 couples the pulleys 202 and 206, which have teeth which are complementary to the notches of the belt 208; this classic arrangement of toothed belt ensures coupling without slipping of the pulleys.
- a pulley 207 opposite a pulley 203 wedged on the bearing 201 of the central lyre.
- a toothed belt 209 couples the pulleys 207 and 203.
- the pulley 202 causes the pinion 210 to rotate, the cage 205, due to its weight forming an imbalance, remaining substantially perpendicular and below the yoke 204.
- the pinion 210 drives the pinion 211 in reverse rotation, this rotation being transmitted by the pulley 207 to the pulley 203, and therefore to the bearing 201 of the central lyre.
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- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte à une machine à multiples torsions destinée à toronner en hélice à pas choisi une pluralité de brins unitaires issus de bobines débitrices et délivrer un câble à un poste de tirage ; plus particulièrement l'invention se rapporte à une machine à quadruple torsion.The invention relates to a machine with multiple twists intended to twist in a helix with a chosen pitch a plurality of unit strands coming from supply coils and deliver a cable to a pulling station; more particularly the invention relates to a quadruple torsion machine.
Pour constituer un câble, on toronne ensemble une multiplicité de brins unitaires en hélice à pas choisi, ce pas étant défini par la longueur dont avance le câble pour un tour de l'hélice. A l'origine la torsion était obtenue en montant des bobines débitrices, où sont enroulés les brins unitaires, sur un rouet, tandis que le câble était tiré par un cabestan ou un dispositif analogue. A chaque tour de rouet correspond un tour d'hélice.To constitute a cable, a multiplicity of unit strands is twisted together in a helix with a chosen pitch, this pitch being defined by the length of which the cable advances for one turn of the propeller. Originally the twist was obtained by mounting supply coils, where the unit strands are wound, on a spinning wheel, while the cable was pulled by a capstan or similar device. Each spinning wheel corresponds to one propeller turn.
La vitesse de production d'un câble avec un pas donné est limitée essentiellement par la vitesse de rotation maximale que peut supporter le rouet, en raison notamment des efforts centrifuges. Pour augmenter la vitesse de production de câble, on a réalisé des machines dites à "double torsion", qui comportent un moyen de traction du câble à un poste de tirage, une lyre entraînée en rotation autour d'un axe horizontal, couplée au moyen de traction et définissant entre deux paliers une portion excentrée de chemin de câble qui décrit autour de l'axe une surface de révolution enfermant un espace interne, et dans cet espace interne un berceau monté fou sur l'axe et rendu immobile par un balourd, le chemin de câble s'étendant d'une extrémité dans le berceau à une extrémité hors de l'espace interne en passant axialement dans les deux paliers où le câble reçoit deux torsions de même sens. A une des extrémités du chemin de câble est situé le poste de tirage, tandis que les bobines débitrices sont disposées à l'autre extrémité. On remarquera que le sens de torsion du câble est le sens de rotation de l'organe d'entraînement radial du câble, vu du côté du cheminement axial, indépendamment du sens de tirage du câble, en sorte que le poste de tirage peut indifféremment être situé dans le berceau ou à l'extérieur de l'espace interne de la lyre en rotation. Par contre, pour que les torsions soient de même sens aux deux paliers de la lyre, il est obligatoire que les deux extrémités du chemin de câble soient situées l'une à l'intérieur et l'autre à l'extérieur de l'espace interne circonscrit par la rotation de la lyre, et donc de la portion excentrique de chemin de câble.The speed of production of a cable with a given pitch is limited essentially by the maximum speed of rotation that the impeller can support, due in particular to centrifugal forces. To increase the speed of cable production, so-called "double twist" machines have been produced, which include a means of pulling the cable to a pulling station, a lyre driven in rotation about a horizontal axis, coupled to the means of traction and defining between two bearings an eccentric portion of cable tray which describes around the axis a surface of revolution enclosing an internal space, and in this internal space a cradle mounted mad on the axis and made immobile by an unbalance, the cable tray extending from one end in the cradle to one end outside the internal space passing axially in the two bearings where the cable receives two twists in the same direction. At one end of the cable tray is located the pulling station, while the supply coils are arranged at the other end. It will be noted that the direction of twist of the cable is the direction of rotation of the radial drive member of the cable, seen from the side of the axial path, independently of the direction of pulling of the cable, so that the pulling station can be indifferently located in the cradle or outside the internal space of the rotating lyre. On the other hand, so that the twists are the same direction at the two levels of the lyre, it is mandatory that the two ends of the cable tray are located one inside and the other outside the space internal circumscribed by the rotation of the lyre, and therefore of the eccentric portion of cable tray.
Les machines à double torsion permettent de doubler sensiblement la vitesse de production de câble par-rapport aux machines à rouet. En effet, étant donné que la force centrifuge est proportionnelle au carré de la vitesse de rotation, il existe une limite technologique à la vitesse de rotation admissible, et en fait il est exceptionnel que la vitesse de rotation des machines à toronner excède 1200 tours'../minute. A cette vitesse de rotation, la vitesse de production de câble par double torsion est de 100 pas/ seconde (ou 360.000 pas/heure). Pour un pas de 14 mm, ceci correspond à une production de 5000 mètres/heure. Le besoin se faisait sentir d'aller plus loin dans la vitesse de production. Mais en raison de la limitation technologie de la vitesse de rotation des lyres, l'augmentation de vitesse de production ne pouvait être obtenue que par l'augmentation du nombre de torsions.Double twist machines can significantly double the speed of cable production compared to spinning machines. Indeed, since the centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the speed of rotation, there is a technological limit to the admissible speed of rotation, and in fact it is exceptional that the speed of rotation of stranding machines exceeds 1200 revolutions. ../minute. At this rotational speed, the cable production speed by double twisting is 100 steps / second (or 360,000 steps / hour). For a step of 14 mm, this corresponds to a production of 5000 meters / hour. There was a need to go further in the speed of production. However, due to the technological limitation of the speed of rotation of the lyres, the increase in production speed could only be obtained by increasing the number of twists.
On connaît dans l'état de la technique, et notamment par les brevets de Grande-Bretagne 959.896 et 572.344, les brevets français 695.144, 1.231.286 et 1.405.341, et les brevets des Etats-Unis 1.690.373 et 2.526.147 des machines comportant un moyen de traction du câble au poste de tirage, une multiplicité de lyres à rotation coaxiales emboîtées en succession d'une première lyre centrale à une dernière lyre externe entraînée par un moteur, chaque lyre entraînée en sens inverse de celle qui la suit dans la succession avec sensiblement la même vitesse par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen inverseur et chacune des lyres définissant entre deux paliers une portion excentrée de chemin de câble décrivant une surface de révolution enfermant un espace interne et s'étendant d'une extrémité dans l'espace interne à une autre extrémité hors de cet espace interne en passant par deux paliers où le câble reçoit deux torsions de même sens, dans l'espace interne de la première lyre un berceau monté fou sur l'axe, rendu immobile par un balourd et définissant une extrémité du chemin de câble en sorte que ce dernier comprenne d'une extrémité à l'autre les portions définies par chaque lyre raccordées en succession entre deux paliers voisins. On obtient ainsi deux torsions par lyres, soit généralement quatre torsions avec deux lyres, et, dans l'absolu, la vitesse de production de câble est multipliée, par rapport aux machines à double torsion, par le nombre de lyres.We know in the state of the art, and in particular from the British patents 959,896 and 572,344, the French patents 695,144, 1,231,286 and 1,405,341, and the US patents 1,690,373 and 2,526,147 machines comprising a means of pulling the cable at the pulling station, a multiplicity of coaxial rotating lyres nested in succession from a first central lyre to a last external lyre driven by a motor, each moving head driven in opposite direction to that which follows it in succession with substantially the same speed by means of a reversing means and each of the moving heads defining between two bearings an eccentric portion of cable tray describing a surface of revolution enclosing an internal space and extending from one end in the internal space to another end outside this internal space through two bearings where the cable receives two twists of the same direction, in the internal space of the first lyre a cradle mounted mad on the axis, made immobile by an unbalance and defining one end of the cable tray so that the latter comprises from one end to the other the portions defined by cha as lyre connected in succession between two neighboring landings. Two twists are thus obtained per lyres, that is to say generally four twists with two lyres, and, in absolute terms, the speed of cable production is multiplied, compared to double twist machines, by the number of lyres.
Toutefois, les machines à multiples torsions décrites dans les brevets précités comportent des moyens inverseurs constitués de trains d'engrenages avec des couples planétaires tourillonnant dans des flasques de lyre menante, à l'exception du brevet français 1.405.341 où le moyen inverseur est constitué par un moteur électrique avec un inducteur solidaire d'une lyre et un induit solidaire de la lyre voisine et capable de tourner avec une vitesse double de celle de la lyre extérieure et en sens inverse. Les machines à inverseurs mécaniques comprenant des couples planétaires tourillonnant dans les flasques de lyre nécessitent des structures robustes de lyres, avec équilibrage des balourds dus aux couples planétaires excentrés. Ces lyres sont très lourdes et chargent les paliers qui, du fait de l'emboîtement des lyres, sont en porte à faux et difficiles à aligner. L'inverseur électrique selon le brevet français 1.405.341 est lourd en soi, et augmente le porte à faux des paliers de lyre centrale. Pratiquement la vitesse de rotation des lyres des machines à multiples torsions connues se trouvaient limitées, de telle sorte que les gains de vitesse de production de câble étaient illusoires, eu égard aux complications mécaniques nécessaires, et finalement ces machines n'ont pas donné lieu à une exploitation autre qu'expérimentale. D'ailleurs les brevets précités sont tous antérieurs à 1964, le plus ancien remontant à 1924, ce qui démontre clairement qu'ils n'apportaient pas une solution pratique au problème posé de l'augmentation de vitesse de production de câble.However, the machines with multiple twists described in the aforementioned patents include reversing means constituted by gear trains with planetary torques journalling in flanges of driving lyre, with the exception of French patent 1,405,341 where the reversing means is constituted by an electric motor with an inductor integral with a lyre and an armature integral with the neighboring lyre and capable of rotating with a speed twice that of the outer lyre and in the opposite direction. Machines with mechanical inverters comprising planetary couples journalling in the lyre flanges require robust lyre structures, with unbalance balancing due to the eccentric planetary couples. These lyres are very heavy and load the bearings which, because of the box lyres, are cantilevered and difficult to align. The electric inverter according to French patent 1,405,341 is heavy in itself, and increases the overhang of the central lyre bearings. Practically the speed of rotation of the lyres of known multi-torsion machines was limited, so that the gains in speed of cable production were illusory, having regard to the mechanical complications necessary, and ultimately these machines did not give rise to an exploitation other than experimental. Besides, the aforementioned patents are all prior to 1964, the oldest dating back to 1924, which clearly demonstrates that they did not provide a practical solution to the problem posed by the increase in speed of cable production.
L'invention a pour objet une machine à multiples torsions, notamment quadruples, où les masses tournantes sont réduites en sorte de réaliser un gain de vitesse de produc-- tion de câbles voisin du gain théorique, la vitesse de rotation des lyres étant du même ordre que celle des machines à double torsion.The subject of the invention is a machine with multiple twists, in particular quadruple ones, where the rotating masses are reduced so as to achieve a gain in speed of cable production-- close to the theoretical gain, the speed of rotation of the lyres being the same order than that of double twist machines.
A cet effet, l'invention propose une machine à multiples torsions avec une multiplicité de lyres emboîtées,'caractérisée en ce que le moyen inverseur entre deux lyres consécutives comporte deux pignons en prise réciproque tourillonnant dans une même cage montée folle et excentrique sur l'axe avec un balourd de stabilisation, chaque pignon étant couplé à une lyre par l'intermédiaire d'une courroie passant sur deux poulies solidaires respectivement du pignon et de la lyre.To this end, the invention provides a machine with multiple twists with a multiplicity of nested lyres, ' characterized in that the reversing means between two consecutive lyres comprises two pinions in reciprocal engagement journalling in the same cage mounted mad and eccentric on the axis with a stabilization unbalance, each pinion being coupled to a lyre via a belt passing over two pulleys secured respectively to the pinion and the lyre.
Le moyen inverseur ainsi constitué ne participe pas à la rotation des lyres, le balourd de la cage excentrique le maintenant immobile en rotation, de sorte que seules les poulies solidaires des lyres, équilibrées par.construction, participent à la rotation. Les vitesses de rotation des lyres menante et menée inverses, sont sensiblement du même ordre de grandeur, étant prises par rapport à un élément, la cage, sensiblement fixe dans l'espace. Finalement, les structures de lyres, à part les emboîtements de paliers intermédiaires, sont identiques à celle d'une lyre de machine à double torsion, et de ce fait les vitesses de rotation supportables sont sensiblement les mêmes.The reversing means thus formed does not participate in the rotation of the lyres, the unbalance of the eccentric cage keeping it immobile in rotation, so that only the pulleys integral with the lyres, balanced by construction, participate in the rotation. The speeds of rotation of the moving and driving moving lyres are substantially of the same order of magnitude, being taken with respect to an element, the cage, substantially fixed in space. Finally, the Lyre structures, apart from the interlocking of intermediate bearings, are identical to that of a lyre of a double-twist machine, and therefore the bearable speeds of rotation are substantially the same.
Lorsque la lyre externe est entrainée par un seul flasque d'extrémité, il est nécessaire de prévoir un entretoisement des deux flasques, parallèlement à l'axe capable de supporter les efforts d'entraînement, notamment lors des démarrages. 4ussi l'on préfère entraîner la lyre externe par chacun des flasques d'extrémité en rotation synchrone par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de couplage. L'entretoisement des deux flasques n'a plus de fonction de solidarisation et peut être très léger, ce qui réduit d'autant le moment de rotation de la lyre externe.When the external lyre is driven by a single end flange, it is necessary to provide a bracing of the two flanges, parallel to the axis capable of supporting the drive forces, in particular during start-ups. 4ussi it is preferred to drive the external lyre by each of the end plates in synchronous rotation by means of a coupling means. The bracing of the two flanges no longer has a joining function and can be very light, which correspondingly reduces the moment of rotation of the external moving head.
Toutefois, pour que la lyre reste capable de tourner à grande vitesse, il est indispensable de ne pas emprunter à l'état de la technique une disposition selon laquelle les deux flasques de la lyre externe, entraînés séparément en synchronisme sont indépendants de sorte que le câble passe librement d'un flasque à l'autre car, selon cette disposition, si la lyre ne comporte pas d'entretoises lourdes, le câble qui ne peut être tendu avec une force supérieure à la résistance de déroulement des bobines débitrices, prend une forme en chaînette entre les flasques, avec une flèche croissant avec la force centrifuge, ce qui limite sérieusement la vitesse de rotation acceptable, d'autant plus que l'équilibre du câble en chaînette est instable, en ce sens qu'une augmentation de flèche accroît l'effort centrifuge, de sorte qu'un dépassement momentané de la résistance en traction du câble entraîne un accroissement de flèche qui continue irrésistiblement jusqu'à ce que le càble; s'accrochant dans une partie fixe de la machine ou à son voisinage se mette en perruque ou se rompe. Il est donc indiqué de conserver entre flasques un entretoisement qui forme guide de câble.However, for the lyre to remain capable of rotating at high speed, it is essential not to borrow from the state of the art a provision according to which the two flanges of the external lyre, driven separately in synchronism are independent so that the cable passes freely from one flange to the other because, according to this provision, if the lyre does not have heavy spacers, the cable which cannot be stretched with a force greater than the unwinding resistance of the supply coils, takes a chain form between the flanges, with an arrow increasing with centrifugal force, which seriously limits the acceptable speed of rotation, especially since the balance of the cable chain is unstable, in the sense that an increase in arrow increases the centrifugal force, so that a temporary overshoot of the tensile strength of the cable results in an increase in deflection which continues irresistibly until the cable; hanging in a fixed part of the machine or in its vicinity is put in a wig or is broken. It is therefore advisable to keep a bracing between flanges which forms a cable guide.
Cependant, selon une disposition préférée de l'invention, le guidage du câble dans la fraction excentrique parallèle à l'axe entre les flasques est assuré par un filin tendu entre ces flasques et garni d'oeillets où passe le câble. On assure ainsi un guidage du câble suffisant pour éviter que le câble ne s'échappe sous l'effet de la force centrifuge, sans pour autant augmenter sensiblement le moment de rotation des flasques, comme c'est le cas avec des entretoises tubulaires de guidage. Par ailleurs, le câble,tendu, est facilement réglé en longueur sans qu'interviennent des ajustages précis nécessaires pour l'alignement des paliers.However, according to a preferred arrangement of the invention, the guiding of the cable in the eccentric fraction parallel to the axis between the flanges is provided by a rope stretched between these flanges and furnished with eyelets where the cable passes. This ensures sufficient cable guidance to prevent the cable from escaping under the effect of centrifugal force, without significantly increasing the moment of rotation of the flanges, as is the case with tubular guide spacers. . In addition, the tensioned cable is easily adjusted in length without the need for precise adjustments necessary for the alignment of the bearings.
Selon une disposition préférée de l'invention pour une machine à deux lyres et quadruples torsions, la lyre interne est entraînée par ses deux flasques d'extrémité à travers des moyens inverseurs stabilisés par balourd, et comporte un filin de guidage de câble entre ses deux flasques. Bien que la lyre centrale de dimensions inférieures à la lyre externe soit moins sollicitée en force centrifuge, il reste avantageux de réduire son moment de rotation et de soulager d'autant les paliers intermédiaires entre lyres.According to a preferred arrangement of the invention for a machine with two lyres and quadruple twists, the inner lyre is driven by its two end flanges through reversing means stabilized by unbalance, and comprises a cable guide rope between its two flaccid. Although the central lyre of dimensions smaller than the external lyre is less stressed in centrifugal force, it remains advantageous to reduce its moment of rotation and to relieve all the intermediate bearings between lyres.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins annexés dans les-. quels :
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement une machine à quadruple torsion selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2 représente schématiquement une variante de machine à quadruple torsion ;
- la figure 3 est une vue latérale d'un inverseur de rotation ;
- les figures 4, 5 et 6 sont des coupes selon les plans respectifs IV-IV, V-V et VI-VI de la figure 3.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a quadruple torsion machine according to the invention;
- FIG. 2 schematically represents a variant of a quadruple torsion machine;
- Figure 3 is a side view of a rotation reverser;
- Figures 4, 5 and 6 are sections along the respective planes IV-IV, VV and VI-VI of Figure 3.
Selon la forme de réalisation choisie et représentée figure 1, la machine à quadruple torsion comporte, sur un socle 1 reposant sur le sol, deux caissons porte palier 2 et 3. Un moteur 4 entraîne un arbre 4a portant deux poulies 4b et 4c contiguës aux caissons 2 et 3 vers l'extérieur. Les poulies 4b et 4c entraînent, par l'intermédiaire de courroies crantées les poulies 'maîtresses 5a et 5b respectivement, tourillonnant dans des paliers des caissons 2 et 3. Ces poulies 5a et 5b entraînent respectivement deux flasques circulaires 62 et 63 réunis par un filin 64 pour former une lyre externe 6.According to the embodiment chosen and shown in Figure 1, the quadruple torsion machine comprises, on a base 1 resting on the ground, two bearing
Une lyre interne 7 dans son ensemble est montée coaxiale à la lyre 6, tourillonnant dans des paliers tenus par les flasques 62 et 63. La lyre 7 comporte deux flasques 71 et 73 réunis par un tube entretoise 75. Un inverseur de rotation 8, est monté fou sur l'arbre de la lyre 7 entre les flasques 62 et 71, et comporte une cage 80 contenant deux pignons en prise, d'axes parallèles à l'axe des lyres. Les pignons sont solidaires de poulies reliées par des courroies crantées à deux poulies respectivement solidaires des flasques 62 de la lyre 6 et 71 de la lyre 7, en sorte que la rotation du flasque 62 entraîne une rotation en sens inverse de la lyre 7. L'inverseur 8 sera décrit en détail plus loin, en référence aux figures 3-6.An
Un berceau 9, monté fou sur des paliers tenus par la lyre 7, avec au centre de gravité en dessous de l'axe, comporte une prise de mouvement 90 composée d'une poulie calée sur l'arbre, solidaires du flasque 71, qui supporte le berceau, et des jeux de renvoi vers un arbre longitudinal 93 qui entraîne, d'une part, un cabestan de tirage 91, et d'autre part, une bobine réceptrice 92, par l'intermédiaire d'une friction qui assure la tension d'un câble passant sur le cabestan 91, en sorte que la vitesse de tirage soit déterminée par ce cabestan, quel que soit le diamètre d'enroulement du câble sur la bobine 92. Le berceau de tirage est classique.A cradle 9, mounted mad on bearings held by the
Pour toronner un câble, un jeu de bobines'débitrices montées à l'extérieur fournissent des brins unitaires 10 qui pénètrent, dans l'axe de rotation des lyres 6 et 7, par le palier du flasque 62. Une poulie de guidage, au centre du flasque 62, assure un renvoi radial 11 du câble en formation, qui reçoit une première torsion sur cette poulie. Une autre poulie de renvoi, sensiblement tangente au filin 64, assure un renvoi 12 parallèle à l'axe, le long du filin 64, qui porte des oeillets dans lesquels passe la portion de chemin de câble 12. A l'extrémité du filin 64 fixée au flasque 63,.le câble est renvoyé radialement en 13 vers l'axe, pour traverser axialement en 14 les flasques 63 et 73, appartenant aux lyres 6 et 7 en rotation inversée. Le câble en 14 reçoit une double torsion, qui vient s'ajouter à la première torsion à l'entrée dans la machine. Dans la lyre 7, le câble s'écarte'en 15 radialement, suit l'entretoise 75 dans sa portion de chemin 16 parallèle à l'axe, revient radialement en 17, pour passer axialement en 18 dans le berceau 9, en recevant une quatrième torsion. On remarquera que les torsions se produisent à la jonction d'un segment axial et d'un segment radial tournant, et que le sens de torsion est défini par le sens de rotation du segment radial vu d'un point sur le segment axial. Aussi les quatre torsions aux jonctions 10-11, 13-14, 14-15, et 17-18, compte tenu des rotations inverses des lyres 6 et 7, sont toutes de même sens et partant additives.To twist a cable, a set of winding coils mounted on the outside provide
On remarquera que la lyre 6 ne comporte comme organes asymétriques par rapport à l'axe de rotation que le filin 64 et les poulies de renvoi, qui sont des organes légers. Le filin 64 en câble d'acier a pour rôle unique de maintenir le câble, dans sa portion de chemin 12, sensiblement parallèle à l'axe, par l'intermédiaire des oeillets de guidage, mais n'intervient pas pour solidariser en rotation les deux flasques 62 et 63, qui'sont entraînés en synchronisme respectivement par les poulies 5a et 5b. L'inverseur de rotation 8 est maintenu sensiblement immobile par son balourd propre. Il en résulte que la lyre externe peut supporter des vitesses de rotation élevées sans réactions de déséquilibrage sur les paliers, tandis que le câble est maintenu sensiblement sans flèche dans sa portion 12. On peut atteindre des vitesses de rotation de lyres d'environ 1200 tours/minute, comparable à celles des machines à double torsion, et donc doubler la vitesse de production de câble par rapport à ces machines à double torsion.It will be noted that the
La machine représentée figure 2 comporte un socle 101 avec deux caissons porte paliers 102 et 103 analogue à celui de la machine de la figure 1. La lyre externe 106, avec ses flasques 162 et 163 et son filin 164 est également analogue à celle représentée figure 1, ainsi que les entraînements de lyre 104b, 105a et 104c, 105b.The machine shown in Figure 2 has a base 101 with two bearing
La lyre centrale 107 a ses flasques 171 et 173 entraînés respectivement par les inverseurs 108a et 108b, réalisés comme l'inverseur 8 de la figure 1. Les flasques 171 et 173 sont réunis par un filin tendu 175 avec des oeillets de guidage par où passe le câble, en sorte que la lyre centrale 107 possède la même structure que la lyre externe 106, et les mêmes avantages de légéreté et de capacité à supporter une vitesse de rotation élevée.The
Bien entendu, le câble suit le même chemin, depuis les brins unitaires 110 jusqu'au berceau de tirage et d'enroulement 109.Of course, the cable follows the same path, from the
L'inverseur de rotation représenté figures 3-6 comporte, à l'emboîtement des paliers 200 et 201 des lyres respectivement extérieure et centrale, une chape 204 tourillonnant folle autour du palier ou moyeu 200 de la lyre extérieure. Sous la chape 204 est pendue une cage 205 dans laquelle sont disposés deux pignons en prise 210 et 211. Sur l'axe du pignon 210 est calée, extérieure à la cage, une poulie 206, en regard d'une poulie 202 calée sur le palier 200 de la lyre externe. Une courroie crantée 208 couple les poulies 202 et 206, qui comportent des dentures complémentaires des crans de la courroie 208 ; cette disposition classique de courroie crantée assure un couplage sans glissement des poulies.The rotation reverser shown in FIGS. 3-6 comprises, at the interlocking of the
De façon analogue, sur l'axe du pignon 211 est calée une poulie 207, en regard d'une poulie 203 calée sur le palier 201 de la lyre centrale. Une courroie crantée 209 couple les poulies 207 et 203. Lorsque la lyre extérieure est en rotation la poulie 202 provoque la rotation du pignon 210, la cage 205, en raison de son poids formant balourd, restant sensiblement à l'aplomb et en dessous de la chape 204. Le pignon 210 entraîne le pignon 211 en rotation inversée, cette rotation étant transmise par la poulie 207 à la poulie 203, et donc au palier 201 de la lyre centrale. En fait, à cause des résistances aux rotations, la cage 205 pend quelque peu obliquement sous la chape 204, le couple dû à l'obliquité du bras reliant la cage 205 à la chape 204 par rapport à la direction de la pesanteur compensant les couples résistants dus à la rotation de la lyre centrale.Similarly, on the axis of the
On comprendra qu'en disposant une troisième lyre entre la lyre 7 et le berceau 9 de la figure 1, ou entre la lyre 27 et le berceau 29 de la figure 2, et en relation avec la lyre 7 (27) comme celle-ci est en relation avec la lyre (26), on obtiendrait une sextuple torsion, et ainsi de suite en multipliant le nombre des lyres. La limitation du nombre des torsions ne vient que des difficultés technologiques de réalisation des paliers entre lyres successives, qui doivent se supporter les uns les autres, et de la restriction de l'emplacement disponible pour le berceau en conjonction avec l'encombrement de la lyre extérieure.It will be understood that by placing a third lyre between the
Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples décrits, mais en embrasse toutes les variantes d'exécution.Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples described, but embraces all the variant embodiments.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT79400534T ATE2345T1 (en) | 1978-07-28 | 1979-07-26 | MULTIPLE TWIST, ESPECIALLY FOUR TWIST HIGH SPEED CLOSING MACHINE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7822436 | 1978-07-28 | ||
FR7822436A FR2432065A1 (en) | 1978-07-28 | 1978-07-28 | MULTIPLE TWISTING MACHINE FOR CABLE STRETCHING, ESPECIALLY QUADRUPLE TORSION |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0007875A1 true EP0007875A1 (en) | 1980-02-06 |
EP0007875B1 EP0007875B1 (en) | 1983-01-26 |
Family
ID=9211333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP79400534A Expired EP0007875B1 (en) | 1978-07-28 | 1979-07-26 | High speed bundling machine for plural, especially quadruple twisting of filaments into a rope |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4328662A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0007875B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE2345T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2964611D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2432065A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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FR2703081A1 (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1994-09-30 | Rollin Pere Fils | Rotary assembly for driving a strand or cable, intended for an in-line cabling and/or taping or rope-producing installation |
US5456070A (en) * | 1994-09-20 | 1995-10-10 | Chun-Yen Lin | Rotator for a twister |
CN104894902A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | 淮安市楚州区大伟常发农机专业合作社 | Full automatic straw rope machine |
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US4397141A (en) * | 1981-04-15 | 1983-08-09 | National-Standard Company | Method and apparatus for making balanced metallic strand |
US4473995A (en) * | 1983-02-01 | 1984-10-02 | Southwire Company | Concentric compressed double twist stranded cable |
US4570428A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1986-02-18 | Ceeco Machinery Manufacturing Limited | Twin track buncher |
JPS60231885A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1985-11-18 | 住友電装株式会社 | Wire twisting apparatus |
WO1987000877A1 (en) * | 1985-08-08 | 1987-02-12 | Syncro Machine Company | Twin track buncher |
JPH0227623A (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1990-01-30 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Manufacturing method and device for compressed conductor |
US6019736A (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 2000-02-01 | Francisco J. Avellanet | Guidewire for catheter |
US6137060A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 2000-10-24 | General Science And Technology Corp | Multifilament drawn radiopaque highly elastic cables and methods of making the same |
US6215073B1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2001-04-10 | General Science And Technology Corp | Multifilament nickel-titanium alloy drawn superelastic wire |
US6313409B1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2001-11-06 | General Science And Technology Corp | Electrical conductors and methods of making same |
US6399886B1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2002-06-04 | General Science & Technology Corp. | Multifilament drawn radiopaque high elastic cables and methods of making the same |
US5994647A (en) | 1997-05-02 | 1999-11-30 | General Science And Technology Corp. | Electrical cables having low resistance and methods of making same |
US6049042A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 2000-04-11 | Avellanet; Francisco J. | Electrical cables and methods of making same |
US6449834B1 (en) | 1997-05-02 | 2002-09-17 | Scilogy Corp. | Electrical conductor coils and methods of making same |
JP3278403B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2002-04-30 | 株式会社キンレイ | Stranded wire machine |
US6318062B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2001-11-20 | Watson Machinery International, Inc. | Random lay wire twisting machine |
ITMI990803A1 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2000-10-16 | Offcine Meccaniche Di Lesmo S | ROTATING WINCH FOR CORDING LINES |
ITPD20100018U1 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-27 | Euroalpha S R L | MACHINE FOR THE WIRING OF A WIRE STRIP |
KR101008204B1 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2011-01-17 | 박경미 | Twisting machine of artificial grass thread |
CN102915813B (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2015-11-25 | 安福县海能实业股份有限公司 | A kind of eye die holder of cable stranding |
ES2788876T3 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2020-10-23 | Construcciones Mecanicas Caballe S A | Cable machine |
CN111005103A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-14 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Novel four-twisting stranding machine |
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- 1978-07-28 FR FR7822436A patent/FR2432065A1/en active Granted
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- 1979-07-26 DE DE7979400534T patent/DE2964611D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-26 AT AT79400534T patent/ATE2345T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-07-26 EP EP79400534A patent/EP0007875B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-27 US US06/061,405 patent/US4328662A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US1690373A (en) * | 1924-11-14 | 1928-11-06 | Western Electric Co | Method of and apparatus for twisting strands |
GB572344A (en) * | 1943-11-09 | 1945-10-03 | Hanson & Edwards Ltd | Improvements in wire bunching or twisting machines |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2703081A1 (en) * | 1993-03-22 | 1994-09-30 | Rollin Pere Fils | Rotary assembly for driving a strand or cable, intended for an in-line cabling and/or taping or rope-producing installation |
US5456070A (en) * | 1994-09-20 | 1995-10-10 | Chun-Yen Lin | Rotator for a twister |
CN104894902A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | 淮安市楚州区大伟常发农机专业合作社 | Full automatic straw rope machine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2432065B1 (en) | 1982-12-10 |
US4328662A (en) | 1982-05-11 |
DE2964611D1 (en) | 1983-03-03 |
ATE2345T1 (en) | 1983-02-15 |
FR2432065A1 (en) | 1980-02-22 |
EP0007875B1 (en) | 1983-01-26 |
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