Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
  • B60J5/00—Doors
  • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
  • B60J5/06—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides slidable; foldable
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
  • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
  • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
  • E05D15/10—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
  • E05D15/1005—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane the wing being supported on arms movable in horizontal planes
  • E05D15/101—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane the wing being supported on arms movable in horizontal planes specially adapted for vehicles
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
  • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
  • E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
  • E05D15/10—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
  • E05D2015/1028—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with only the wing moving transversely
  • E05D2015/1031—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane with only the wing moving transversely the wing supported on arms extending from the carriage
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
  • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
  • E05Y2900/531—Doors

Definitions

• the invention relates to a vehicle swing door according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Vehicle swing doors of this type are supported on the support arm in a self-supporting manner.
• the door is pivoted relative to the support arm via the guide gear, so that it is displaced approximately parallel to itself and the lateral outer surface of the vehicle during the opening pivoting movement of the support arm or is pivoted somewhat out of this parallel position, so that it is during the opening movement does not abut on projecting parts of the outer wall of the vehicle, for example a projecting wheel arch.
• Such guide gears can be attributed to a four-bar linkage which has two levers or cranks articulated at a distance from one another, the free ends of which are articulated at a distance from one another on the door, so that the door constitutes the coupling element of this four-bar linkage.
• a swing door of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-PS 1 174 183.
• the guide link of the guide gear can be a chain which is wrapped around a door-fixed sprocket and a vehicle-fixed sprocket, which can have different numbers of teeth.
• This known guide mechanism largely moves the door out of the door frame parallel to itself, so that the door frame must expand accordingly outwards and a simple bolt lock for the closed door with door-running bolts running in the plane of the door, which engage in corresponding counter-holes in the door frame, is not possible.
• Such a bolt lock is desirable for safety reasons, so that an unintentional opening of the door is reliably prevented, especially on the front edge of the door in the direction of travel.
• the swing door requires a frame adapted in its design to the initial movement of the door, there is no simple possibility of retrofitting existing motor vehicles with a simple swing door which can be pivoted about a pivot axis fixed to the frame.
• the invention achieves with simple means that the swing door initially swings out essentially like a normal swing door around the door edge until its other door edge has emerged from the door frame, after which the door essentially completely in this pivot position out of the door is pulled out.
• the same door frame can be used as that used for the simple swing door.
• the invention therefore provides the relatively simple possibility of retrofitting a vehicle with a swinging door to a swinging door. Furthermore, there is this movement sequence in which the door after the initial swinging out of the door frame part, around which it has pivoted, is pulled away, the possibility of providing locking bolts projecting substantially in the door plane from the door edge, which in the closed position enter into corresponding counter-holes in the associated door frame part, so that there is an effective locking here. Furthermore, the door lock customary for simple swing doors can continue to be used on the other opposite door edge.
• crank length of the guide member there are several ways to accomplish the initial forced adjustment of the effective crank length of the guide member, which are known per se from the prior art.
• a lifting cylinder could be switched into the guide member, the piston of which extends or retracts while performing the length adjustment.
• the control piece can be a cam arranged between the articulation ends of the guide member, on which the guide member is laterally deflected during the initial phase of the opening movement and is held in this deflected position for the remainder of the opening movement.
• the cam can be switched on in the form of a curve piece in the tension member and can be deflected laterally on a sliding guide ramp while deflecting the guide member.
• Another advantageous possibility is to provide a guide member which consists of two sections extending from its articulation ends and a connecting lever connecting them and articulated thereon, which can be pivoted on a curve guide. The corresponding adjustment of the effective crank length of the guide member then takes place by pivoting the connecting lever.
• the connecting lever is in particular an angle lever, which is guided only at one end on the curve guide, so that it is pivoted under the force of the section of the guide member articulated at its other end into a position in which the connecting straight line passes through its articulated ends coincide with the adjacent parts of the sections of the guide member articulated on it, so that it is held on the curve guide without further support during the further guiding movement of the guide member and thus thereby a further adjustment of the effective crank length of the guide member no longer takes place during the remaining part of the opening movement of the door.
• the guide member used can be a handlebar that transmits both compressive and tensile forces. If the length adjustment is to be carried out by lateral deflection of the guide member, at least two handlebar rods can be provided, which are articulated to one another to form a two or more link chain. However, it is also possible to use a single handlebar which can be bent elastically under the pressure of the control piece; However, a tension member that only transmits tensile forces can be used as the guide member, for example a chain or a rope or the like. In this case, it is necessary for a pivoting guidance of the door, even during the closing movement, to provide such a tension member on both sides of the pivot axis of the door on the support arm.
• an endless chain can be used, for example, which rotates a chain wheel fixed to the door, the axis of which coincides with the pivot axis of the door on the support arm, and a chain wheel which is fixed to the vehicle-side mounting of the mounting arm, the axis of which coincides with the pivot axis of the mounting arm on the mounting .
• One chain center then forms the guide link for the opening movement, while the other chain center forms the guide link for the closing pivoting movement of the door.
• this tension member must be held tensioned by a return spring counteracting the opening pivoting movement of the door during the closing pivoting movement of the door, so that the pivoting movement of the door about its assigned axis on the support arm takes place under the force of the tensioned spring.
• This return spring can for example be clamped between the support arm and the door.
• the return spring can also be switched into one or the other tension member, so that the initial shortening of the effective crank length of the tension member controlling the opening pivoting movement of the door to one corresponding extension of the tension member controlling the closing pivoting movement of the door is made possible by appropriate deflection of the return spring.
• one embodiment with a second tension member, which controls the closing pivoting movement of the door can also do without a return spring or tension spring if the second tension member is used during the initial pivoting movement of the door holds slack and tightens only by shortening the effective crank length of the first tension member during this pivoting movement.
• the adjustment cam or the curve guidance can be rotatably mounted on the support arm and driven by the tension member displacing under the constraints of the transmission when the support arm is pivoted .
• This configuration is particularly advantageous when using a chain as a tension member, in which the adjusting cam or the curve guide on the circumference are equipped with corresponding teeth which engage in the chain. If necessary, however, it is also possible to remove the adjustment cam directly from the support arm to drive a corresponding gear.
• the articulation point of the support arm on the door is preferably as close as possible to the edge of the door around which the door is to initially swing out during the opening movement. For design reasons, however, a certain distance will always be required between the articulation axis of the door on the support arm and this door edge. In this case it may be possible that the door swinging out about the pivot axis between the door and the support arm swings somewhat into the door frame with this door edge and collides with it. In order to avoid this, according to a further development of the invention it is achieved that the current pivot axis of the door for the initial part of the opening movement lies on the door edge and only shifts to the articulation axis of the door on the support arm during the further opening movement.
• This development of the invention consists in that on the trailing edge of the door when the door is opened, i.e. on the door edge around which the door is to pivot when it is initially pivoted out and which then lies in the opening direction at the rear when the door is opened further, in the area of the extension of the Straight line connecting the two articulation axes of the support arm when the latter is in the closed position of the door, a hinge pin is seated and on the door frame assigned to this door edge an articulated socket is formed which interacts with the hinge pin for the initial part of the opening pivoting movement of the door, from which the hinge pin is used in the further one opening pivoting movement of the support arm can be lifted.
• Another possibility is to have the bearing surface of the joint socket deviate from the circular arc in such a way that the pivot pin can move somewhat along the bearing surface.
• the collapse of the arcs described above over a greater distance can be practically realized, taking into account the existing games, if the pivot pin and the socket are a small distance apart from the above-mentioned connecting straight line in the direction of the opening pivoting movement of the support arm.
• the solution according to the invention is particularly suitable for forming a swinging sliding door in which the swinging-out movement of the door is superimposed by a pure longitudinal displacement movement.
• This sliding movement can start as soon as the door edge leading in the opening movement is swung out of the door frame.
• it is therefore proposed to slidably support the vehicle-side mounting of the support arm along the underside of the door frame. This can be accomplished, for example, by attaching the bracket to a rigid rail that runs in a rail guide fixed to the vehicle. This guide must be sufficiently rigid that the door weight can be removed from it.
• the rail In order for the rail to pass protruding vehicle parts, for example the wheel arch, during the displacement movement, the rail can be inclined accordingly run above.
• the lifting of the door associated with an inclined position of the rail during the opening movement can be used to achieve an independent closing of the sliding sliding door under the door weight.
• Corresponding door locks can be provided, on which the door can be held in the open position.
• the displacement movement of the bracket of the support arm is preferably driven by a motor.
• a motor for example, a chain drive can be used for this purpose, which engages on the above-mentioned rail fastened to the holder.
• a limit switch can be arranged in the door frame, with which an actuating stop on the door interacts, which only engages the motor this pivoting position of the door switches on and off again as soon as the door has reached this end position again during the closing movement.
• the actuator can be formed, for example, by a bolt which simultaneously acts as a locking bolt for the door in the closed position and is pulled out of a corresponding counter-hole in the door frame when the door is opened.
• This brake lever is reset during the opening movement of the holder with a corresponding return of the damping cylinder, which can be achieved by a return spring or a return guide, for example, on the rail connected to the holder, which acts on a corresponding stop on the longer lever arm of the brake lever during its displacement movement.
• the pivoting movement of the support arm can additionally or alternatively be driven by a motor.
• small motors for example conventional wiper motors, are sufficient, which are supported on the support arm itself and are, for example, connected via a drive chain to a fixed sprocket with the vehicle-side bracket of the bracket, the axis of which coincides with the pivot axis of the bracket on the bracket.
• the length adjustment of the guide member of the door according to the invention can e.g. are driven directly by the pivot motor via a toothed segment, which engages with the control piece driving the length adjustment of the guide member only during the initial part of the opening movement of the door.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 is a view of a swinging sliding door in the fully closed position in a side view from the vehicle interior or in plan view, 3 and 4 those in FIGS. 1 and 2 corresponding views of the slightly pivoted door,
• Fig. 7 to 9 diagrams of the pivot guide gear of the door in the fully closed, slightly open or further open pivot position of the door and
• FIGS. 7 to 9 corresponding diagrams of the guide gear in a modified embodiment.
• the vehicle door 1 is cantilevered near its front door edge 2 in the direction of travel on a support arm 3 by pinp ⁇ nlpnUqH.sp 4 side bracket 5 supported.
• the Halterunq 5 is extended at the rear by a rigid guide rail 7, which extends obliquely upwards towards the rear end and is guided in a longitudinally displaceable supporting guide 8 in the vehicle.
• this is fixed to an endless drive chain 9, which runs around sprockets 10 mounted fixed to the vehicle, of which the one sprocket can be driven by a reversible motor 12 supported by a fixed gear 11. This allows the bracket 5 to be moved along the underside of the door frame and with it the support arm 3 and the door 1 to open the door.
• the support arm 3 forms, together with an endless chain 13, a guide gear for swinging the door 1 out of the door frame 14.
• the endless chain 13 runs around on the bracket 5 fixed sprocket 15 and a sprocket fixed to the door 16.
• the chain 18 controlling the opening movement of the door of the guide chain 13 is laterally deflected at a control piece 19, so that under the train thus applied to the door wheel 16, the door 1 swings out about an axis in the region of the front door edge 2.
• a further small chain wheel 20 is arranged between the chain wheels 15 and 16, which is rotatably mounted on the support arm 3 and around which the chain center 18 controlling the opening movement is placed.
• a connecting lever 21 is switched on in the form of an angle lever such that in the
• the connecting lever 21 has reached with its front end 22 at a circumferential point of the small sprocket at which the tangent 23 common to this sprocket 20 around the vehicle-side sprocket 15 runs through the articulation ends 22 and 24 of the connecting lever 21 and with the section 25 of the chain center 18 running from this to the vehicle-side sprocket 15 coincides.
• this relative position of the connecting lever 21 to the tangent 23 common to the sprockets 20 and 15 no longer changes, so that during the further pivoting movement of the support arm 3 from the position in FIG. 8 to the position in FIG. 9 the effective crank length of the guide link formed by the chain center 18 remains unchanged.
• a tension spring 27 is connected as a chain connecting link in this chain center 26, which is tensioned on the chain center 18 by shortening the effective crank length 1.
• a hinge pin 28 is formed on the outside of the front door edge 2, which is held in a joint socket 29 on the door frame during the opening movement of the door from the position in FIG. 7 to the position in FIG. 8 and for this part of the swivel movement. forms the current pivot axis of the door.
• an adjusting cam 32 which can be seen from FIGS. 10 to 12, can also be used to shorten the effective crank length of the chain center 18.
• This adjusting cam 32 also forms a small sprocket around which the chain center 18 must run.
• the Adjusting cam 32 has the outline of a circular section and is rotatably mounted on the support arm 3. Teeth which mesh with the chain are also formed on the circumferential part of the adjusting cam formed from the chord of the circular section. In the closed position of the door according to FIG. 10, the chain strand 18 lies on the chord part of the adjusting cam 32. If the support arm is pivoted out of the position in FIG. 10 into that of FIG.
• the chain strand 18 runs to the right in accordance with the arrow P, whereby the adjusting cam 32 is rotated under the drive of the chain, so that the chain center 18 runs onto the circular arc section of the adjusting cam and is inevitably bent out to the side, which leads to the shortening of the effective crank length 1 of the guide link formed by the chain center 18.
• this shortening of the effective crank length 1 is made possible by the fact that the other chain center 26 is slack in the closed position of the door according to FIG. 10 and is only tensioned taut by tensioning the chain center 18 on the adjusting cam 32 becomes.
• the chain center 18 runs over the circular arc section of the adjusting cam 32, so that a further deflection of the chain center 18 no longer takes place and the further pivoting movement of the door around the Articulation axis 4 on the support arm 3 is controlled under the tension of the chain center 18 forming the guide element for the opening movement.
• a swivel motor 33 is seated on the support arm 3 for driving the swivel movement of the support arm.
• a small sprocket is arranged on the drive shaft of the swivel motor 33 and a further larger sprocket is arranged on the vehicle-side holder 5 of the support arm 3, which is firmly connected to the holder.
• An endless drive chain 34 is guided around these two sprockets.
• a two-armed brake lever 35 with unequal-length lever arms is articulated in a vehicle-fixed manner to brake the closing movement of the door, the shorter lever arm of which protrudes into the displacement path of a stop 38 at the rear end of the rail 7 of the holder 5, while At the end of the longer lever arm 37, a pneumatic damping cylinder 39 is articulated.
• the stop 38 hits the shorter lever arm 36 of the brake lever 35 so that it is pivoted and the piston of the damping cylinder 39 articulated on the longer lever arm 37 strongly opposes the resistance of the air displaced in the damping cylinder is extended so that the closing movement of the door is braked.
• a return spring 40 acts on the brake lever 35 and pulls it back into the starting position when the guide rail 7 moves back.
• a limit switch 45 sits in the door frame 14, its actuating member with a stop surface on the front edge 2 of the door acts and which is assigned to the Antrie ⁇ xsmotor 12 for the sliding movement of the door.
• the motor 12 for the sliding movement of the door is switched on via the limit switch 45.
• a switch is also provided for the swivel motor 33, which can be actuated, for example, by actuating the door push to switch on the swivel motor.
• further limit switches are provided, by means of which the swivel motor 33 in the position of the support arm 3 from FIG. 6 or the motor 12 in the fully open door position are switched off.
• a hanging bracket 47 for the seat belt 48 is attached to the door near the front door edge 2, which can be inserted into the bracket before the door is opened, so that the seat belt 48 is shown in FIG. 5, when the door is pushed open, it is included in the order.
• the invention can also be applied to four-door vehicles in which the front doors swing out forward and the rear doors swing out backwards.
• the existing hinge on the vehicle frame can be used as a joint socket 29 by being cut open accordingly.
• Adjustment of the guide gear, in particular the length of the chain center 26 may be provided.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
• Support Devices For Sliding Doors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6024080

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1977
  • 1977-11-18 DE DE19772751657 patent/DE2751657B1/de active Granted
• 1978
  • 1978-11-17 WO PCT/DE1978/000035 patent/WO1979000303A1/de unknown
• 1979
  • 1979-06-06 EP EP19780900269 patent/EP0007377A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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