DE2834691A1 - Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren - Google Patents
Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatorenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2834691A1 DE2834691A1 DE19782834691 DE2834691A DE2834691A1 DE 2834691 A1 DE2834691 A1 DE 2834691A1 DE 19782834691 DE19782834691 DE 19782834691 DE 2834691 A DE2834691 A DE 2834691A DE 2834691 A1 DE2834691 A1 DE 2834691A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- rhodium
- rhcl
- sulfide
- carrier
- optionally
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 61
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 48
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 title 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 114
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Substances CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- -1 hydride ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenecarbonitrile Chemical group N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003284 rhodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-KWCOIAHCSA-N benzonitrile Chemical group N#[11C]C1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-KWCOIAHCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940022663 acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 6
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- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 101100189558 Arabidopsis thaliana BOA gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims 1
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- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N nifuroxazide Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WJIBZZVTNMAURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;rhodium Chemical compound P.[Rh] WJIBZZVTNMAURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002510 pyrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0073—Rhodium compounds
- C07F15/008—Rhodium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/165—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes
- B01J31/1658—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes immobilised by covalent linkages, i.e. pendant complexes with optional linking groups, e.g. on Wang or Merrifield resins
- B01J31/1675—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes immobilised by covalent linkages, i.e. pendant complexes with optional linking groups, e.g. on Wang or Merrifield resins the linkage being to an organometallic polymer covered by groups B01J31/123 - B01J31/127, e.g. polyhydrosiloxanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/20—Carbonyls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/226—Sulfur, e.g. thiocarbamates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/321—Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Other Resins Obtained By Reactions Not Involving Carbon-To-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
Rhodiums mit Silicium-substituierten Dialkyl- oder Diarylsulfidgruppen als Liganden in monomerer, polymerer
und trägerfixierter Form, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und die Verwendung dieser Substanzen als Katalysatoren.
J. Prakt. Chem. 315, 106, 1973). In der DE-OS 24 05 274 werden Rhodiumkomplexe des 3-wertigen Rhodiums mit Liganden (SR1R1') beschrieben, welche beispielsweise der
Hydrosilylierungsreaktionen verwendet werden.Der 2-wertige Schwefel des Liganden ist hier symmetrisch über jeweils eine Methylengruppe mit einer Trimethylsilylgruppe verknüpft; die Valenzen der beiden Siliciumatome sind also mit nichtfunktionellen, das heißt inerten, also zum Beispiel
können solche Verbindungen als Katalysatoren nur in homogener Phase verwendet werden.
gemäß
10
15
Katalyseprozesse dar.
Cl-Si-CH0-S-CHo
R und R stehen können für
und R gleiche oder verschiedene Bedeutung haben und wobei
on · λ
(H3CO)3Si-CH2-S-CH2-Si(OCH3)3, (H5C2O)3Si-CH2-S-CH2-Si(OC2H5)3
5
lösung,'unter gleichzeitiger oder nachfolgender destillativer Entfernung von entstehendem Alkohol bzw. Phenol, umsetzt und den gebildeten Feststoff mit wasserhaltige oder wasserfreie Salze einer Halogenwasserstoffsäure oder einer niederen Carbonsäure darstellenden und gegebenenfalls leichtverdrängbare Liganden, vorzugsweise niedere aliphatische Nitrile oder Benzonitril tragenden Rhodiumverbindungen oder der Verbindung IRh(CO)„Clip umsetzt.
1 : l.und 1 : 10 vorliegen, und welche dadurch erhalten sind, daß man eine Lösung der Verbindung RhX3L3 bzw. RhCl(CO)L2, gegebenenfalls in Gegenwart überschüssiger Sulfide L der Formel 1, im Rahmen der vorgesehenen mengenmäßigen Grenzverhältnisse,mit einer Suspension des Trägermaterials in einem inerten organischen Lösungsmittel bei Temperaturen zwischen Raumtemperatur und der Rückflußtemperatur des verwendeten Suspensionsmittels behandelt oder ein Sulfid der Formel 1 mit einer Suspension des Trägermaterials in einem inerten organischen Lösungsmittel bei den genannten Temperaturbedingungen behandelt, anschließend den gebildeten Feststoff mit wasserfreie oder wasserhaltige Salze einer Halogenwasserstoffsäure oder einer niederen Carbonsäure darstellenden und gegebenenfalls leicht verdrängbare Liganden, vorzugsweise niedere aliphatische Nitrile oder Benzonitril tragenden Rhodiumverbindungen oder der Verbindung JRh(CO)pCll_ umsetzt.
Analysen: | Theor. | C | % | 7 | H % | 7 | Cl % | 6 | S % | 7 | Rh % |
Gef. | 39 | ,67 | 7 | ,91 | 7 | ,32 | 6 | ,62 | 6 | ,08 | |
39 | ,33 | ,55 | ,52 | ,18 | ,88 | ||||||
25 | Analysen: | Theor. | C | % | 7 | H % | Cl | % | 7 | S % | Rh | % |
Gef. | 33 | ,65 | 6 | ,06 | 8, | 28 | 7 | ,4 8 | 8, | 01 | ||
33 | ,45 | ,87 | 8, | 82 | ,08 | 7, | 53 | |||||
10 | Analysen: | Theor. | C | % | 2 | H % | Cl | % | 5 | S % | Rh | % |
Gef. | 17 | ,61 | 2 | ,43 | 5, | 57 | 5 | ,04 | 5, | 39 | ||
17 | ,46 | ,60 | 5S | 38 | ,06 | 5, | 22 | |||||
ϊ |
C | % | 7 | H % | Cl | % | 6 | S % | Rh | % |
39, | 80 | 6 | ,69 | 3, | 56 | 6 | ,44 | 10, | 33 |
38, | 50 | ,97 | 3, | 36 | ,45 | 9, | 94 | ||
Analysen: | Theor. | C | % | 6 | H % | Cl | % | 7 | S % | Rh | % | |
25 | Gef. . | 33, | 98 | 6 | ,84 | 4, | 01 | 7 | ,26 | 11, | 65 | |
33, | 91 | ,54 | 4, | 31 | ,27 | 12, | 73 | |||||
30
/10 mbar getrocknet. Die Filtrate bzw. Extrakte waren in
ο co ο |
Bei- spiel- Nr. ' |
Ausgangssub£ Rhodium komponente (g) (mMol) |
stanzen SuIfidkomponente (g) (mMol) |
14,37 | Losung mengen Äthanol (ml) |
smittel- Toluol (ml) |
+ 50 | Menge (ml) |
Ausbeute bez. auf Gesamtein waage (g) (%)· |
97,4 | 1 | 2834 | |
ο ο -4 |
6 | RhCl3-3H2O 1,08 4,11 |
S [(CH 5,96 |
2)2Si(OC2H5)3]2 13,00 |
50 | 50 | + 50 | 5 | 3,53 | 98,2 | ro | ||
O
-Ρ» CJI |
'7 | RhCl3*3H2O 0,57 2,17 |
sfjCH 5,39 |
2) 3Si(OCH3) 3] 2 11,88 |
50 | 50 | + 50 | 5 | 2,90 | 100 | |||
8 | RhCl3«3H2O 0,895 3,40 |
S [(CH 4,26 |
34,86 | 50 | 50 | + 20 | 4 | 3,328 | 99,5 | ||||
ORIG | 9 | RhCl3'3H2O 1,53 5,80 |
S JJCH 12,50 |
2)3Si(OCH3)3]2 19,52 Si(OC2H5)4 39,02 |
50 | 50 | + 50 | 8 | 8,85 | 106,8 | |||
NAL INSPECT | 10 | RhCl-*3Ho0 a 3 2 1,46 5,54 |
S |j CH 7,00 8,13 |
2)5Si(OCH3)3]2 19,02 |
50' | 50 | + 50 | 8 | 8,34 | 99,7 | |||
m D |
11 · | RhCl3«3H2O 1,43 5,43 |
S Q CH 7,89 |
17,55 | 60 | 50 | + 50 | 5 | 6,38 | 98,5 | |||
12 | RhCl3*3H2O 1,40 5,32 |
9,95 | 60 | 50 | 5 | 7,05 | |||||||
Beispiel- Nr. |
Produktanalysen | Rh (%) |
Cl (%) |
S (%) |
C (%) |
H (%) |
11,66 12,18 |
12,05 10,96 |
12,72 11,43 |
19,06 19,35 |
3,20' 3,65 |
||
6 | Th. Gef. |
7,55 7,60 |
7,80 8,13 |
14,11 13,20 |
21,14 20,68 |
3.55 3,74 |
7 | Th. Gef. |
10,50 9,35 |
10,8.5 10,96 |
11,44 11,01 |
25,72 25,30 |
4,32 4,56 |
8 | Th. Gef. |
6,71 5,75 |
6,93 7,05 |
12,56 12,17 |
26,24 29,05 |
4,74 4.87 |
9 | Th. Gef. |
7,30 6,80 |
7,55 7,03 |
8,02 7,79 |
18,02 18,08 |
3,02. 3,86 |
10 | Th. Gef. |
8,74 8,02 |
9,03 8,74 |
9,53 9,01 |
35,72 35,90 |
6,00 6,44 |
11 | TH. Gef. |
7,65 7,44 |
7,90 8,11 |
7,86 7,71 |
47,11 47,85 |
3,95 4,36 |
12 | Th. Gef. |
Bei- spiel- Nr. |
Ausgangs Rhodiumverbindung (mg) (mMol) |
substanzen Sulfidkomponente (mg) (mMol) |
2Si(OC2H5)J2 1,5 |
HÜ | Reaktions zeit (h) |
Trägermaterial | 200 SiOH/g |
200 SiOH/g |
15 | RhCl3(CH3CN)3 166,21 0,5 |
S[JCH2) 622,06 |
2Si(OC2H5) 3"] 2 3,5 |
12 | Aerosil 0,6 mMol |
200 SiOH/g |
||
16 | RhCl3(CH3CN)3 166,21 0,5 |
c \( r*u \ 1451,5 |
3Si(OCH3)3j2 1,5 |
3 | Aerosil 0,6 mMol |
200 SiOH/g |
||
17 | RhCl3(CH3CN)3 166,21 0,5 |
S Q CH2) 537,9 |
3Si(OCH3)3] 2 2,5 |
12 | Aerosil 0,6 mMol |
200 SiOH/g |
||
18 | RhCl3(CH3CN)3 166,21 0,5 |
896,5 | 3Si(OCH3O3] 2 2,5 · |
8 | Aerosil 0,6 mMol |
VN 3 SiOH/g |
||
19 | RhCl3(CH3CN)3 166,21 0,5 |
896,5 | 7,5 | 8 | Ultrasil 1,2 mMol |
VN 3 SiOH/g |
||
20 | RhCl3(CH3CN)3 166,21 0,5 |
2689,5 | 3Si(C5H5)2oc2 3,0 |
3 | Ultrasil 1,2 mMol |
VN 3 SiOH/g |
||
21 | RhCl3(CH3CN)3 332,42 1,0 |
S Y |
3Si(OCH3)3] 2 2,5 |
12 | Ultrasil 1,2 mMol |
Titandioxid P25 | ||
22 | RhCl3CH3CN)3 166,21 0,5 |
"(CH2) 712,82 |
2 2 5 3J 2 1,0 |
9 | Aerosil 0,6 mMol |
|||
23 | 97,19 0,25 | Sp(CH2) 896,5 |
72 | |||||
S[CCH2) 414,7 |
||||||||
Bei- I | Th. Gef. |
Prodv | ktanalys | en | S |
spiel- Nr. |
Th. Gef. |
Rh | Cl | 0,237 0,23 |
|
15 | Th. Gef. |
0,254 0,20 |
0,263 0,30 |
0,544 0,49 |
|
16 | Th. Gef. |
0,25 0,26 |
0,258 0,34 |
0,235 0,23 |
|
17 | Th. Gef. |
0,252 0,23 |
0,26 0,33 |
0,39 0,40 |
|
18 | T.h. Gef. |
0,25 0,18 |
0,26 · 0,30 |
0,39 0,47 |
|
19 | Th. Gef. |
0,25 0,23 |
0,26 0,33 |
1,12 1,09 |
|
20 | Th. Gef. |
0,24 0,24 |
0,25 0,35 |
0,44 0,52 |
|
21 | Th. Gef. |
0,475 0,46 |
0,49 0,48 |
0,39 0,36 |
|
22 | 0,25 0,24 |
0,26 0,30 |
0,16 0,17 |
||
23 | 0,25 0,28 |
0,09 0,12 |
|||
20
5
Hydrierung Nr. |
Durchnschnittliche H3-AUf- nahmegeschwidigkeit fml/min) |
Umsetzungszeit (min) |
2 | 8,8 | 110 |
3 | 12,1 | 79 |
4 | 14,2 | 68 |
5 | 16,5 | 59 |
6 | 14,6 | 66 |
Claims (1)
nen und R und I
nen und R und R gleiche oder verschiedene Bedeutung
sowie R und R , letztere vorzugsweise als Chlor- oder Bromionen, teilweise oder vollständig hydrolytisch als Alkohol oder Phenol bzw. HCl oder HBr abgespalten sind und in denen ein Rhodium : Sulfid-Verhältnis zwischen 1 : 1 bis 1 : 10 vorliegt, dadurch erhalten, daß man Komplexverbindungen der stöchiometrischen Zusammensetzung RhX3L3, in denen L wenigstens einen Liganden - der Formel 1 und an gegebenenfalls noch freie Koordinationsstellen gebundenes kohlenmonoxid, Olefin, Amin, Phosphin oder Nitril darstellt, und für X die in Anspruch 2 gegebene Definition gilt, mit Wasser oder einer wässrigen Säurelösung, gegebenenfalls in Gegen-
1 : 1 und 1 : 10 vorliegen, dadurch erhalten, daß man eine Lösung der Verbindung RhX3L3 bzw. RhCl(CO)L2, gegebenenfalls in Gegenwart überschüssiger Sulfide L der
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2858037A DE2858037C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
DE2834691A DE2834691C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
DE2858038A DE2858038C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
FR7911347A FR2433024B1 (fr) | 1978-08-08 | 1979-05-04 | Composes complexes de rhodium, monomeres, polymeres et fixes sur un support, procede pour leur fabrication, et leur utilisation comme catalyseurs |
US06/063,291 US4287094A (en) | 1978-08-08 | 1979-08-02 | Monomeric, polymeric and carrier-fixed rhodium complex compounds, process for their production and their use as catalysts |
BE6/46907A BE878112A (fr) | 1978-08-08 | 1979-08-06 | Compose complexes de rhodium a l'etat monomere, polymere ou fixes sur supports, procede pour leur preparation et utilisation comme catalyseurs |
NLAANVRAGE7906041,A NL183015C (nl) | 1978-08-08 | 1979-08-07 | Complexe rhodiumverbindingen en hun toepassing als katalysatoren. |
AT0539579A AT376440B (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1979-08-07 | Verfahren zur herstellung von neuen polymeren rhodiumkomplexverbindungen |
JP54100316A JPS5856532B2 (ja) | 1978-08-08 | 1979-08-08 | 重合体ロジウム錯化合物の製造法 |
GB7927707A GB2028850B (en) | 1978-08-08 | 1979-08-08 | Complex rhodium compounds |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2834691A DE2834691C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2834691A1 true DE2834691A1 (de) | 1980-02-14 |
DE2834691C2 DE2834691C2 (de) | 1983-11-10 |
Family
ID=6046490
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2858038A Expired DE2858038C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
DE2858037A Expired DE2858037C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
DE2834691A Expired DE2834691C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2858038A Expired DE2858038C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
DE2858037A Expired DE2858037C2 (de) | 1978-08-08 | 1978-08-08 | Monomere, polymere und traegerfixierte rhodiumkomplexverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4287094A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5856532B2 (de) |
AT (1) | AT376440B (de) |
BE (1) | BE878112A (de) |
DE (3) | DE2858038C2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2433024B1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2028850B (de) |
NL (1) | NL183015C (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2488263A1 (fr) * | 1980-08-05 | 1982-02-12 | Degussa | Composes polymeres complexes a base de rhodium, d'iridium, de ruthenium et de phosphines, procede pour leur fabrication et utilisation de ces complexes |
EP0066074A1 (de) * | 1981-05-21 | 1982-12-08 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Polymere tertiäre und sekundäre Organosiloxanamine, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
DE3226091A1 (de) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-01-19 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Polymere mono-, di-, tri- und tetrasulfidverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung |
EP0367106A2 (de) * | 1988-11-04 | 1990-05-09 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Organosiloxanamin-Copolykondensate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung (I) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3440646A1 (de) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-05-07 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Traegerkatalysator fuer die herstellung von monocarbonsaeureanhydriden |
DE3440647A1 (de) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-05-07 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von monocarbonsaeureanhydriden |
DE3440644A1 (de) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-05-07 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von monocarbonsaeureanhydriden |
DE3735127A1 (de) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-27 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und katalysator zur konvertierung von co/h(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts)o-gemischen |
GB9108510D0 (en) * | 1991-04-20 | 1991-06-05 | Dow Corning Sa | Catalyst and coating composition containing same |
DE4409140A1 (de) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-09-21 | Degussa | Wäßrige Lösungen von Organopolysiloxan-Ammoniumverbindungen, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
US6030917A (en) | 1996-07-23 | 2000-02-29 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Combinatorial synthesis and analysis of organometallic compounds and catalysts |
US6541412B1 (en) | 1999-12-10 | 2003-04-01 | Univation Technologies, Llc | Catalyst system method for preparing and using same in a polymerization process |
US6573328B2 (en) * | 2001-01-03 | 2003-06-03 | Loctite Corporation | Low temperature, fast curing silicone compositions |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1000817B (de) * | 1954-12-15 | 1957-01-17 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silylmercaptanen und Silylthioaethern |
DE2405274A1 (de) * | 1973-02-07 | 1974-08-15 | Dow Corning Ltd | Schwefelhaltige komplexe |
DE2453229A1 (de) * | 1974-11-09 | 1976-05-13 | Bayer Ag | Rhodiumhaltige komplexverbindungen |
DE2550660A1 (de) * | 1974-11-12 | 1976-05-13 | Dow Corning Ltd | Katalysatortraeger |
-
1978
- 1978-08-08 DE DE2858038A patent/DE2858038C2/de not_active Expired
- 1978-08-08 DE DE2858037A patent/DE2858037C2/de not_active Expired
- 1978-08-08 DE DE2834691A patent/DE2834691C2/de not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-05-04 FR FR7911347A patent/FR2433024B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1979-08-02 US US06/063,291 patent/US4287094A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-08-06 BE BE6/46907A patent/BE878112A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-08-07 NL NLAANVRAGE7906041,A patent/NL183015C/xx active Search and Examination
- 1979-08-07 AT AT0539579A patent/AT376440B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-08-08 JP JP54100316A patent/JPS5856532B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1979-08-08 GB GB7927707A patent/GB2028850B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1000817B (de) * | 1954-12-15 | 1957-01-17 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silylmercaptanen und Silylthioaethern |
DE2405274A1 (de) * | 1973-02-07 | 1974-08-15 | Dow Corning Ltd | Schwefelhaltige komplexe |
DE2453229A1 (de) * | 1974-11-09 | 1976-05-13 | Bayer Ag | Rhodiumhaltige komplexverbindungen |
DE2550660A1 (de) * | 1974-11-12 | 1976-05-13 | Dow Corning Ltd | Katalysatortraeger |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2488263A1 (fr) * | 1980-08-05 | 1982-02-12 | Degussa | Composes polymeres complexes a base de rhodium, d'iridium, de ruthenium et de phosphines, procede pour leur fabrication et utilisation de ces complexes |
EP0066074A1 (de) * | 1981-05-21 | 1982-12-08 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Polymere tertiäre und sekundäre Organosiloxanamine, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
DE3226091A1 (de) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-01-19 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Polymere mono-, di-, tri- und tetrasulfidverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und verwendung |
EP0367106A2 (de) * | 1988-11-04 | 1990-05-09 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Organosiloxanamin-Copolykondensate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung (I) |
EP0367106A3 (de) * | 1988-11-04 | 1991-02-06 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Organosiloxanamin-Copolykondensate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung (I) |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2858038C2 (de) | 1983-11-10 |
FR2433024B1 (fr) | 1984-06-29 |
US4287094A (en) | 1981-09-01 |
ATA539579A (de) | 1984-04-15 |
FR2433024A1 (fr) | 1980-03-07 |
JPS5856532B2 (ja) | 1983-12-15 |
BE878112A (fr) | 1980-02-06 |
NL183015C (nl) | 1988-07-01 |
AT376440B (de) | 1984-11-26 |
NL7906041A (nl) | 1980-02-12 |
GB2028850B (en) | 1983-03-23 |
JPS5524182A (en) | 1980-02-21 |
GB2028850A (en) | 1980-03-12 |
DE2834691C2 (de) | 1983-11-10 |
DE2858037C2 (de) | 1984-08-09 |
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