DE2462622C2 - Durch Wärme aktivierbare Batterie - Google Patents
Durch Wärme aktivierbare BatterieInfo
- Publication number
- DE2462622C2 DE2462622C2 DE2462622A DE2462622A DE2462622C2 DE 2462622 C2 DE2462622 C2 DE 2462622C2 DE 2462622 A DE2462622 A DE 2462622A DE 2462622 A DE2462622 A DE 2462622A DE 2462622 C2 DE2462622 C2 DE 2462622C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- anode
- area
- battery according
- battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012210 heat-resistant fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 51
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012773 waffles Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- BCFSVSISUGYRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(dioxo)chromium;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O BCFSVSISUGYRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCQWRNRRURULEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium;potassium;dichloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+] HCQWRNRRURULEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RFAFBXGYHBOUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium chromate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O RFAFBXGYHBOUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USOPFYZPGZGBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Ca] USOPFYZPGZGBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000374 eutectic mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 Alkali metal thiocyanate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
- H01M4/08—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/12—Processes of manufacture of consumable metal or alloy electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US360162A US3891460A (en) | 1973-05-14 | 1973-05-14 | Thermal battery and molten metal anode therefore |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2462622B1 DE2462622B1 (de) | 1978-12-14 |
| DE2462622C2 true DE2462622C2 (de) | 1979-08-16 |
Family
ID=23416847
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2462622A Expired DE2462622C2 (de) | 1973-05-14 | 1974-05-08 | Durch Wärme aktivierbare Batterie |
| DE2422355A Expired DE2422355C3 (de) | 1973-05-14 | 1974-05-08 | Flache Anordnung der negativen Elektrode für eine durch Wärme aktivierbare Batterie |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2422355A Expired DE2422355C3 (de) | 1973-05-14 | 1974-05-08 | Flache Anordnung der negativen Elektrode für eine durch Wärme aktivierbare Batterie |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3891460A (OSRAM) |
| JP (1) | JPS5435290B2 (OSRAM) |
| DE (2) | DE2462622C2 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR2230092B1 (OSRAM) |
| GB (1) | GB1469937A (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3930888A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1976-01-06 | Catalyst Research Corporation | Molten metal anode |
| US3980495A (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1976-09-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Calcium alloy as active material in secondary electrochemical cell |
| US4315976A (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1982-02-16 | Union Carbide Corporation | Coated active anodes |
| US4457989A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1984-07-03 | South African Inventions Development Corporation | Electrochemical cell and an anode structure for an electrochemical cell |
| DE3222675A1 (de) * | 1981-06-26 | 1983-01-13 | Mine Safety Appliances Co., Ltd., Glasgow, Schottland | Thermozelle und elektrische batterie aus thermozellen |
| DE3239964A1 (de) * | 1982-10-28 | 1984-05-03 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Galvanische hochtemperaturzelle mit einem hermetisch abgedichteten metallgehaeuse und festgelegtem schmelzelektrolyt |
| DE3342605C2 (de) * | 1982-11-29 | 1986-05-15 | Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. | Lithium-Anode für ein thermisch aktivierbares galvanisches Element |
| US4675257A (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1987-06-23 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Iron-lithium anode for thermal battery |
| FR2556886B1 (fr) * | 1983-12-19 | 1988-02-19 | Aerospatiale | Piles thermiques a anode de metal alcalin ou alcalino-terreux du type calcium perfectionnees et batteries thermiques realisees au moyen de telles piles |
| US4626335A (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1986-12-02 | Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. | Lithium alloy anode for thermal cells |
| US4840859A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1989-06-20 | Mine Safety Appliances Company | Thermal battery |
| JP2011165565A (ja) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-25 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 溶融塩電池 |
| US10199658B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-02-05 | Eaglepicher Technologies, Llc | Wound thermal batteries and methods of manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3425872A (en) * | 1965-09-22 | 1969-02-04 | Atomic Energy Commission | Thermal battery having heat generating means comprising exothermically alloyable metals |
| US3704221A (en) * | 1967-11-09 | 1972-11-28 | Charles Roland Mccully | Medium for ionic transport |
| US3669748A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1972-06-13 | Dorothy H Spracklen | Thermal battery |
| US3666560A (en) * | 1970-09-21 | 1972-05-30 | Atomic Energy Commission | Electrochemical power-producing cell |
| US3677822A (en) * | 1970-10-23 | 1972-07-18 | Atomic Energy Commission | Thermal battery having a thermal reservoir pellet |
| US3723183A (en) * | 1971-02-04 | 1973-03-27 | Greatbatch Ltd | Lithium battery enclosure |
| US3773557A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1973-11-20 | Wurlitzer Co | Solid state battery |
| JPS496415A (OSRAM) * | 1972-05-09 | 1974-01-21 |
-
1973
- 1973-05-14 US US360162A patent/US3891460A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-05-01 GB GB1915474A patent/GB1469937A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-08 DE DE2462622A patent/DE2462622C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-05-08 DE DE2422355A patent/DE2422355C3/de not_active Expired
- 1974-05-13 JP JP5236474A patent/JPS5435290B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-05-14 FR FR7416658A patent/FR2230092B1/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5016038A (OSRAM) | 1975-02-20 |
| JPS5435290B2 (OSRAM) | 1979-11-01 |
| GB1469937A (en) | 1977-04-06 |
| DE2422355C3 (de) | 1979-04-19 |
| FR2230092A1 (OSRAM) | 1974-12-13 |
| FR2230092B1 (OSRAM) | 1977-03-11 |
| DE2462622B1 (de) | 1978-12-14 |
| DE2422355A1 (de) | 1974-11-28 |
| DE2422355B2 (de) | 1978-08-24 |
| US3891460A (en) | 1975-06-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |