DE2346373A1 - Verfahren zum verbinden aneinanderstossender thermoplastischer kunststoffschaumbahnen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum verbinden aneinanderstossender thermoplastischer kunststoffschaumbahnen

Info

Publication number
DE2346373A1
DE2346373A1 DE19732346373 DE2346373A DE2346373A1 DE 2346373 A1 DE2346373 A1 DE 2346373A1 DE 19732346373 DE19732346373 DE 19732346373 DE 2346373 A DE2346373 A DE 2346373A DE 2346373 A1 DE2346373 A1 DE 2346373A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
plastic foam
joint
pressure roller
metal foil
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19732346373
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Werner Alfter
Hans-Ulrich Breitscheidel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DK143357D priority Critical patent/DK143357A/da
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority to DE19732346373 priority patent/DE2346373A1/de
Priority to BE148101A priority patent/BE819414A/xx
Priority to CH1224374A priority patent/CH568836A5/xx
Priority to SE7411516A priority patent/SE402875B/xx
Priority to IT5299374A priority patent/IT1019255B/it
Priority to FR7430891A priority patent/FR2243803B1/fr
Priority to AT736574A priority patent/AT352997B/de
Priority to GB4011974A priority patent/GB1413100A/en
Priority to JP10594374A priority patent/JPS5056469A/ja
Priority to IE1912/74A priority patent/IE40519B1/xx
Priority to DK483674A priority patent/DK143357C/da
Priority to NL7412187A priority patent/NL7412187A/xx
Priority to ES430018A priority patent/ES430018A1/es
Priority to US05/506,335 priority patent/US3962016A/en
Publication of DE2346373A1 publication Critical patent/DE2346373A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3444Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/44Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142Single butt to butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B29C66/8362Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/861Hand-held tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/865Independently movable welding apparatus, e.g. on wheels
    • B29C66/8652Independently movable welding apparatus, e.g. on wheels being pushed by hand or being self-propelling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/103Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined direct heating both surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5092Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the tape handling mechanisms, e.g. using vacuum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B29C66/73752General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being uncured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • B29C66/73754General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being partially cured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2025/00Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1712Indefinite or running length work
    • Y10T156/1715Means joining indefinite length work edge to edge
    • Y10T156/1717Means applying adhesively secured tape to seam
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/19Sheets or webs edge spliced or joined
    • Y10T428/192Sheets or webs coplanar
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/22Nonparticulate element embedded or inlaid in substrate and visible
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249987With nonvoid component of specified composition
    • Y10T428/24999Inorganic

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)

Description

Troisdorf, den 30. Aug. 1973 OZ: 73 084 ( 2249 )
DYNAMIT NOBEL AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Troisdorf, Bez. Köln
Verfahren zum Verbinden aneinanderstoßender thermoplastischer
Kunststoffschaumbahnen
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden aneinanderstoßender thermoplastischer Kunststoffschaumbahnen, beispielsweise teilvernetzter PE-Schaumstoffbahnen, mit einem die Stoßstelle überdeckenden Band.
Das Verbinden von Schaumstoffbahnen ist beispielsweise auf Baustellen erforderlich, wo Schaumstoffbahnen z.B. für Dachabdeckungen eingesetzt werden.
Eine bautechnisch gute Flachdachabdeckung besteht aus mehreren Schichten unterschiedlicher Materialien, die jeweils eine bestimmte Aufgabe zu erfüllen haben. Pur einige dieser Schichten eignen sich sehr gut Kunststoffschaumbahnen, z.B. aus Weich-PVC, Polystyrol, Polyurethan oder teilvernetztem Polyäthylen. Ein an der Baustelle durchzuführendes Verbinden solcher Schaumstoffbahnen erfordert besonders leicht zu handhabende Vorrichtungen und einfache Verfahren, die wenig störanfällig sind, um Fehler weitgehend auszuschalten.
509816/0944
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu finden, das diese Bedingungen erfüllt.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Verbinden aneinanderstoßender Schaums toff "bahnen zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß ein über die Erweichungs- bzw. Schmelztemperatur der Kunststoffschaumbannen erwärmtes Metallfolienband mit geringem Druck auf die Stoßstelle gedrückt wird.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Aufdrücken eines erwärmten Metallbandes mit geringem Druck auf die an der Verbindungsstelle aneinanderstoßenden Schaumstoffbahnen oder -platten wird eine Wärmeübertragung auf den Schaumstoff erzielt und durch das damit verbundene Anschmelzen der Schaumstoffoberfläche wird das Metallband unlösbar im Stoßbereich verbunden. Gleichzeitig findet noch ein teilweises Verbinden der Kanten der Schaumstoffbahnen untereinander statt.
Das Erwärmen der Metallfolie geschieht zweckmäßig durch Heißluft, es kann aber auch durch eine Gasflamme oder durch elektrische Heizung erfolgen.
Die alleinige Erwärmung des Metallbandes hat den Vorteil, daß oberhalb der über dem Erweichungs- bzw. Schmelzpunkt des Schaumstoffes liegenden erforderlichen Temperatur von z.B. ca. 2200C bei teilvernetztem Polyäthylenschaum, Temperaturschwankungen, z.B. bedingt durch Schwankungen der Schweißgegeschwindigkeit, keinen Einflu3 auf die Qualität der Verbindung haben. TemperatürSchwankungen haben lediglich zur Folge, daß
509816/094A
das Metallband etwas mehr oder weniger tief in die Schaumstoff oberfläche einschmilzt.
Als Metallfolienband kann ein Aluminiumband, in einer Stärke von beispielsweise 0,1 mm verwendet werden. Auf der dem Schaumstoff zugewandten Seite kann das Metallfolienband einen Film aus einem Haftvermittler tragen. Zweckmäßig wird für den haftvermittelnden Film der gleiche Kunststoff wie für die Schäumst off bahn verwendet. '
Eine geeignete Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Durchführung des Verfahrens ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Halterung zur Aufnahme der Wärmequelle, ein beidseitig der Halterung im Bereich des Knotenpunktes befestigtes T-förmiges Gestänge das an den Endpunkten des T-Balkens die Vorratsrolle bzw. die Stützrolle und am Ende des T-Schenkels die Andrückrolle trägt.
Hierbei ist die Wärmequelle ( Heißluftdüse, Gasflamme usw.) im Bereich zwischen Andrückrolle und Stützrolle auf das Metallband einwirkend vorgesehen. Darüberhinaus ist zwischen Andrückrolle und Knotenpunkt, d.h. zwischen dem Ablauf des Metallbandes von der Vorratsrolle und der Andrückrolle noch eine Führungsrolle vorgesehen, die den Auflaufwinkel des Metallbandes auf die Schaumstoffbahnen konstant hält.
Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert.
509816/09 4 4
j Die Scha ums toff bahnen bzw. -platten 1,2 sind an der Stoßstelle I
3 mit dem die Stoßstelle überdeckenden Metallband 4 verbunden.
Die Vorrichtung zum Herstellen der Verbindung arbeitet als
! . Handgerät mit dem Griff 12. In dem doppelseitigen T-förmigen
! Gestänge 10, 11 ist im Bereich des Knotenpunktes 14 die Halterung 11, z.B. eine sechseckige Hülse, vorgesehen und befestigt.
An dem Gestänge 10 sind an den Endpunkten die Vorratsrolle 5 mit dem Metallband 4, die Stützrolle 9 und senkrecht dazu an dem T-Schenkel 13 die Andrückrolle 6 drehbar montiert. Zusätzlich ist noch die Führungsrolle 8 vor der Andrückrolle 6 an dem Gestänge 13 vorgesehen, die das Metallband führt, um den Anlaufwinkel auf die Schaumstoffoberfläche konstant zu halten. Die Stützrolle 9 dient der Abstützung des Gerätes. An der Halterung 11 ist die Wärmequelle 7, z.B. eine Heißluftdüee befestigt. Die Wärmequelle wirkt im Bereich des Auflaufens des Metallbandes 4 auf die Andrückrolle 6 auf dasselbe ein. Die Energiezufuhr 15 geschieht durch das Griffinnere 12.
Zum Verbinden der Schaumstoffbahnen 1,2 wird das Metallband 4 über die Stoßstelle 3 geführt. Das Metallband 4 läuft von der Vorratsrolle 5 ab, an der Führungsrolle 8 vorbei, wird vor der Andrückrolle 6 von der Heißluftdüse 7 erwärmt und durch die Andrückrolle 6 leicht auf die Stoßstelle 3 der Schäumstoffbahnen aufgedrückt. Dabei schmilzt die Schaumstoffoberfläche durch Wärmeübertragung an und es entsteht eine unlösbare Verbindung in kontinuierlicher Arbeitsweise, die mit dem erfindungsgemäß beschriebenen Gerät überall durchgeführt werden kann.
509816/0944

Claims (7)

Patentansprüche
1.) Verfahren zum "Verbinden aneinanderstoßender thermoplastischer Kunststoffschaumbahnen, beispielsweise teilvernetzter PE-Schaumstoffbahnen, mit einem die Stoßstelle überdeckenden Band, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein über die Erweichungs- bzw. Schmelztemperatur der Kunststoffschaumbahnen erwärmtes Metallfolienband mit geringem Druck auf die Stoßstelle gedrückt wird. j
2.-Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Metallfolienband aus Aluminium verwendet wird. ■
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, ' daß das Metallfolienband auf der auf der Stoßstelle aufliegenden Seite mit einem wärmeaktivierbaren Haftvermittler beschichtet ist.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3» dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die haftvermittelnde Schicht der gleiche Kunststoff wie für die Kunststoffschaumbahn verwendet wird.
5. Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Durchführung des Ve±fahrens nach einem der Anspruchs 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine Halterung (11) zur Aufnahme der Wärmequelle (7), ein beidseitig der Halterung im Bereich des Knotenpunktes (14) be- .
$09 816/0944
festigtes T-förmiges Gestänge (10, 13 )f das an den Endpunkten des !«Balkens (10) die Vorratsrolle (5) bzw. die Stützrolle (9) und am Ende des T-Schenkels (13) die Andrückrolle (6) trägt.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5» dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärmequelle im Bereich zwischen Andrückrolle (6) und Stützrolle (9) auf das Metallband (4) einwirkt.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Andrückrolle (6) und Knotenpunkt (14) noch eine Führungsrolle (8) an den Schenkeln (13) vorgesehen ist.
5098 16/0944
DE19732346373 1973-09-14 1973-09-14 Verfahren zum verbinden aneinanderstossender thermoplastischer kunststoffschaumbahnen Ceased DE2346373A1 (de)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK143357D DK143357A (de) 1973-09-14
DE19732346373 DE2346373A1 (de) 1973-09-14 1973-09-14 Verfahren zum verbinden aneinanderstossender thermoplastischer kunststoffschaumbahnen
BE148101A BE819414A (fr) 1973-09-14 1974-08-30 Procede de raccordement de feuilles contigues en matiere thermoplastique alveolaire
CH1224374A CH568836A5 (de) 1973-09-14 1974-09-09
AT736574A AT352997B (de) 1973-09-14 1974-09-12 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verbinden aneinanderstossender bahnen aus thermo- plastischem schaumstoff
IT5299374A IT1019255B (it) 1973-09-14 1974-09-12 Procedimento per giuntare di testa oggetti in materiale termoplastico
FR7430891A FR2243803B1 (de) 1973-09-14 1974-09-12
SE7411516A SE402875B (sv) 1973-09-14 1974-09-12 Sett och anordning for att forbinda mot varandra stotande cellplastbanor av termoplast med ett fogstellet overteckande band
GB4011974A GB1413100A (en) 1973-09-14 1974-09-13 Method and apparatus for joining abutting sheets of foamed thermoplastic synthetic plastics material
JP10594374A JPS5056469A (de) 1973-09-14 1974-09-13
IE1912/74A IE40519B1 (en) 1973-09-14 1974-09-13 Method and apparatus afor joining abutting sheets of foamed thermoplastic synthetic plastics material
DK483674A DK143357C (da) 1973-09-14 1974-09-13 Fremgangsmaade til ved tagdaekning at forbinde to mod hinanden stoedende skumformstofplader med en materialestrimmel
NL7412187A NL7412187A (nl) 1973-09-14 1974-09-13 Werkwijze voor het verbinden van kops tegen elkaar gelegen, thermoplastische kunststof- schuimbanen.
ES430018A ES430018A1 (es) 1973-09-14 1974-09-13 Procedimiento para unir bandas de espuma de material sinte-tico termoplasticas contiguas.
US05/506,335 US3962016A (en) 1973-09-14 1974-09-16 Process for joining abutting thermoplastic synthetic-resin foam sheets

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732346373 DE2346373A1 (de) 1973-09-14 1973-09-14 Verfahren zum verbinden aneinanderstossender thermoplastischer kunststoffschaumbahnen

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DE2346373A1 true DE2346373A1 (de) 1975-04-17

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US (1) US3962016A (de)
JP (1) JPS5056469A (de)
AT (1) AT352997B (de)
BE (1) BE819414A (de)
CH (1) CH568836A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2346373A1 (de)
DK (2) DK143357C (de)
ES (1) ES430018A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2243803B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1413100A (de)
IE (1) IE40519B1 (de)
IT (1) IT1019255B (de)
NL (1) NL7412187A (de)
SE (1) SE402875B (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK143357C (da) 1981-12-07
SE7411516L (de) 1975-03-17
ATA736574A (de) 1979-03-15
IT1019255B (it) 1977-11-10
NL7412187A (nl) 1975-03-18
FR2243803A1 (de) 1975-04-11
ES430018A1 (es) 1976-10-01
GB1413100A (en) 1975-11-05
SE402875B (sv) 1978-07-24
IE40519L (en) 1975-03-14
CH568836A5 (de) 1975-11-14
US3962016A (en) 1976-06-08
DK483674A (de) 1975-05-12
AT352997B (de) 1979-10-25
FR2243803B1 (de) 1979-02-02
DK143357A (de) 1900-01-01
BE819414A (fr) 1974-12-16
DK143357B (da) 1981-08-10
IE40519B1 (en) 1979-06-20
JPS5056469A (de) 1975-05-17

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