DE2345271C2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von L-Asparaginsäure aus Fumarsäure - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von L-Asparaginsäure aus FumarsäureInfo
- Publication number
- DE2345271C2 DE2345271C2 DE19732345271 DE2345271A DE2345271C2 DE 2345271 C2 DE2345271 C2 DE 2345271C2 DE 19732345271 DE19732345271 DE 19732345271 DE 2345271 A DE2345271 A DE 2345271A DE 2345271 C2 DE2345271 C2 DE 2345271C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- acid
- fumaric acid
- aspartic acid
- atcc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 title claims description 76
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229960005261 aspartic acid Drugs 0.000 title claims description 23
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-OH-Asp Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 14
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UWTATZPHSA-N L-Aspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 102000003929 Transaminases Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108090000340 Transaminases Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000234427 Asparagus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N L-asparagine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019297 ammonium fumarate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CKKXWJDFFQPBQL-SEPHDYHBSA-N azane;(e)-but-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound N.N.OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O CKKXWJDFFQPBQL-SEPHDYHBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001729 Ammonium fumarate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010016626 Dipeptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rohrzucker Natural products OCC1OC(CO)(OC2OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C1O CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001230 asparagine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002879 macerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003531 protein hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/04—Alpha- or beta- amino acids
- C12P13/20—Aspartic acid; Asparagine
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Description
| Rindfleischextrakt | 20 g/l |
| Pepton | 20 g/l |
| Glukose | 4 g/i |
| NaO | 5 g/I |
| Agar-Agar | 15 g/l |
| Züchtungsdauer des Mikro | 36 | 14 | 178 | 36 |
| organismus in Stunden | ||||
| Gehalt an Fumarsäure | 115 | |||
| zur Startzeit, g/l | ||||
| Ausmaß der Bioumwand | ||||
| lung nach 5täg!ger Bio | ||||
| umwandlung (in %) | O | O | O | |
| Stamm: | I | 7 | 3 | |
| PO 205 | O | O | O | O |
| ATCC 21973 (Erfindung) | 4 | |||
| PO 91 | O | |||
115 178 36 115 Ϊ78
Glukose 60 g/l
MgSO4 - 7H2O 0,5 g/l
Anschließend wird jedes Medium mit einer Salzsuspension des Stammes ATCC 21973 beimpft. Das Züchten erfolgt in 6-1-PhioIen, die 1 1 des Mediums enthalten, wobei ein Drehrührer verwendet wird.
Std.
| Medium 2 | Aktivität, ausgedrückt in intern. Aminotrans- ferase-Einheiten/1/Std |
| Bakterienpopulation/ ml |
|
| 1 X 10« | 26 |
| 0,9 x 10' | 24 |
| 0,9 X 10'° | 32,6 |
| 1,1 X ΙΟ10 | 31,2 |
| 1,0 x 10'° | |
0,8 x 109
1 X 10'°
1,1 X 10'°
1,1 X 10"»
10
19
18,8
Aminotransferaseaktivität
0,01 0,05 0.07 0,08 0,J2 0,14 0,14
Die folgenden Beispiele erläutern die Erfindung.
| Melasse | 40 g/l. ausgedrückt als |
| Gesamtzucker | |
| Phosphorsäure | 2.3 g/l |
| Magnesiumsulfat | 0,5 g/l |
| Fumarsäure | 1 g/l |
| Gewöhnliches Wasser | ] I |
Rühren: 100 Upm
Belüftungsgeschwindigkeit: 0,8 Volumen/Volumen/MInute
ginsäure — Menge
| ATCC | 14537 | 75 | g/i |
| 2 ATCC |
14537 | 50 | g/i |
| 3 ATCC |
14537 | 100 | g/l |
| 86 g/I | 100 moI-% |
| 57,3 g/I | 100 mol-% |
| 100,25 g/I | 87,5 mol-% |
FR-PS 13 94 722
Menge
ginsäure— Menge
ATCC 21973
75 g/l
100* g/l
48 g/I
> 211 g/i
57 friol-%
95 mol-%
Claims (1)
- Patentanspruch:Verfahren zn- Herstellung von L-Asparaginsäure, bei dem man einen Mikroorganismus nnter aeroben Bedingungen auf einem Nähnuedium herstellu das eine KohlenstoifnueHe. eine Phosphorquelle, eine Stickstoffquelle und Oltgoelemente enthält, bis ein iiärungsmedium erhallen worden ist, das reich an Amlnotransferase ist, worauf man eine Biounrwand-Iung durch Einführen von Fumarsäure in das Gärungsmedium ohne Belüftung während der erforderlichen Zeitspanne bei einem pH zwischen 6 und ^l 2 sowie bei einer Temperatur zwischen 30 und 60° C durchführt und anschließend die gebildete !.-Asparaginsäure abtrennt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Mikroorganismus den Stamm Pseudomanas ATCC 21973 einsetzt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7231655A FR2197979A1 (en) | 1972-09-07 | 1972-09-07 | Amino-transferase producing strain pseudomonas PO 7111 - for prodn of aspartic acid from fumaric acid |
| FR7243684A FR2209841A2 (en) | 1972-12-08 | 1972-12-08 | Amino-transferase producing strain pseudomonas PO 7111 - for prodn of aspartic acid from fumaric acid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2345271A1 DE2345271A1 (de) | 1974-03-21 |
| DE2345271C2 true DE2345271C2 (de) | 1984-01-26 |
Family
ID=26217305
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732345271 Expired DE2345271C2 (de) | 1972-09-07 | 1973-09-07 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von L-Asparaginsäure aus Fumarsäure |
| DE19732366505 Expired DE2366505C2 (de) | 1972-09-07 | 1973-09-07 | Verwendung des Stammes Pseudomonas ATCC 21973 zur in situ-Herstellung einer Aminotransferase |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732366505 Expired DE2366505C2 (de) | 1972-09-07 | 1973-09-07 | Verwendung des Stammes Pseudomonas ATCC 21973 zur in situ-Herstellung einer Aminotransferase |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS588837B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE2345271C2 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB1442439A (de) |
| NL (1) | NL184913C (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006031460B4 (de) | 2006-07-07 | 2008-10-30 | Eppendorf Ag | Pipettiervorrichtung |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1394722A (fr) * | 1963-05-06 | 1965-04-09 | Ajinomoto Kk | Procédé pour la production d'acide l-aspartique |
-
1973
- 1973-09-06 GB GB4204773A patent/GB1442439A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-09-07 NL NL7312344A patent/NL184913C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-09-07 JP JP48100390A patent/JPS588837B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-09-07 DE DE19732345271 patent/DE2345271C2/de not_active Expired
- 1973-09-07 DE DE19732366505 patent/DE2366505C2/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1394722A (fr) * | 1963-05-06 | 1965-04-09 | Ajinomoto Kk | Procédé pour la production d'acide l-aspartique |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1442439A (en) | 1976-07-14 |
| DE2366505C2 (de) | 1984-06-14 |
| NL184913B (nl) | 1989-07-03 |
| NL184913C (nl) | 1989-12-01 |
| JPS4992281A (de) | 1974-09-03 |
| NL7312344A (de) | 1974-03-11 |
| JPS588837B2 (ja) | 1983-02-17 |
| DE2345271A1 (de) | 1974-03-21 |
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