DE2154038C3 - Retroreflexionsanordnung - Google Patents
RetroreflexionsanordnungInfo
- Publication number
- DE2154038C3 DE2154038C3 DE2154038A DE2154038A DE2154038C3 DE 2154038 C3 DE2154038 C3 DE 2154038C3 DE 2154038 A DE2154038 A DE 2154038A DE 2154038 A DE2154038 A DE 2154038A DE 2154038 C3 DE2154038 C3 DE 2154038C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- refractive index
- reflection
- layer
- division
- retroreflective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical class O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/126—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface
- G02B5/128—Reflex reflectors including curved refracting surface transparent spheres being embedded in matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8785870A | 1970-11-09 | 1970-11-09 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2154038A1 DE2154038A1 (de) | 1972-05-25 |
| DE2154038B2 DE2154038B2 (de) | 1974-01-10 |
| DE2154038C3 true DE2154038C3 (de) | 1974-08-15 |
Family
ID=22207663
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2154038A Expired DE2154038C3 (de) | 1970-11-09 | 1971-10-29 | Retroreflexionsanordnung |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3700478A (OSRAM) |
| AR (1) | AR204385A1 (OSRAM) |
| AT (1) | AT327749B (OSRAM) |
| BR (1) | BR7107092D0 (OSRAM) |
| CA (1) | CA969518A (OSRAM) |
| DE (1) | DE2154038C3 (OSRAM) |
| DK (1) | DK129544B (OSRAM) |
| ES (1) | ES396182A1 (OSRAM) |
| FR (1) | FR2112535B1 (OSRAM) |
| GB (1) | GB1361270A (OSRAM) |
| NL (1) | NL7114924A (OSRAM) |
| SE (1) | SE379432B (OSRAM) |
| ZA (1) | ZA716827B (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (37)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4725494A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1988-02-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. | Retroreflective sheeting |
| US4588631A (en) * | 1983-01-28 | 1986-05-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Support for tubesheets in hollow fiber permeators |
| US4668395A (en) * | 1983-01-28 | 1987-05-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Support for tubesheets in hollow fiber permeators |
| US4721649A (en) * | 1985-05-08 | 1988-01-26 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Retroreflective sheeting |
| US4904327A (en) * | 1986-03-12 | 1990-02-27 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method of making a support for tubesheets in hollow fiber permeators |
| US4844976A (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1989-07-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Retroreflective sheet coated with silica layer |
| US4955690A (en) * | 1989-03-24 | 1990-09-11 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Thin caliper retroreflective transfer |
| US5128804A (en) * | 1991-02-06 | 1992-07-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Permeable retroreflective sheeting |
| US5207852A (en) * | 1991-02-06 | 1993-05-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method for making permeable retroreflective sheeting |
| CN1191479C (zh) * | 1999-02-05 | 2005-03-02 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 具有高透射率和无光泽特性的薄膜 |
| US6503564B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2003-01-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of coating microstructured substrates with polymeric layer(s), allowing preservation of surface feature profile |
| US6172810B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2001-01-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Retroreflective articles having polymer multilayer reflective coatings |
| US7036944B2 (en) | 2002-04-11 | 2006-05-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Retrochromic articles |
| US6978896B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2005-12-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of making retrochromic beads and kit thereof |
| KR101088562B1 (ko) * | 2003-12-30 | 2011-12-05 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 색 변이 역반사기 및 그 제조 방법 |
| US7252396B2 (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2007-08-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Retroreflective article having at least one valve and method of making same |
| US8496340B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2013-07-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Retroreflective articles and retroreflective elements comprising a spherical core and two concentric optical interference layers |
| US8243426B2 (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2012-08-14 | Apple Inc. | Reducing optical effects in a display |
| US8617702B2 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2013-12-31 | Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. | Thermally insulated structural members, and doors and windows incorporating them |
| US8524806B2 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2013-09-03 | Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. | Profile extrusion method, article, and composition |
| US8988638B2 (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2015-03-24 | Yingqiu Jiang | Polarizing retro-reflective sheeting comprising a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film |
| US20120325083A1 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2012-12-27 | Sai-Pei Ting | Piston guide ring comprising polyamide-poly(arylene ether) composition |
| WO2015123582A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Dual cure stain resistant microsphere articles |
| CN104944789A (zh) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-30 | 安徽环泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种高抗压玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
| CN104986959A (zh) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-21 | 安徽环泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种用于道路交通反光标线的玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
| CN104944777A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 合肥鼎亮光学科技有限公司 | 一种用于海事级反光膜的玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
| CN104961347A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-10-07 | 合肥鼎亮光学科技有限公司 | 一种3m反光膜用玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
| CN104926123A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-23 | 合肥鼎亮光学科技有限公司 | 一种抗撕裂反光膜用玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
| CN104944776A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 合肥鼎亮光学科技有限公司 | 一种反光膜用防晒耐光老化玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
| CN104926141A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-23 | 合肥鼎亮光学科技有限公司 | 一种pp反光膜用玻璃微珠及其制备方法 |
| DE102015114496A1 (de) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-02 | Charlotte Dachroth | Vorrichtung zum Beleuchten |
| US20180364168A1 (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-12-20 | Bae Systems Plc | Improvements in and relating to remote sensing |
| US10852201B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2020-12-01 | Bae Systems Plc | Remote sensing |
| EP3179234A1 (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-14 | BAE Systems PLC | Improvements in and relating to remote sensing |
| US10955345B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2021-03-23 | Bae Systems Plc | Relating to remote sensing |
| EP3834016A1 (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-06-16 | BAE SYSTEMS plc | Coating material |
| CN114538789B (zh) * | 2021-05-27 | 2024-02-06 | 吴江南玻玻璃有限公司 | 一种光伏组件玻璃 |
-
1970
- 1970-11-09 US US87858A patent/US3700478A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1971
- 1971-01-01 AR AR238923A patent/AR204385A1/es active
- 1971-10-12 ZA ZA716827A patent/ZA716827B/xx unknown
- 1971-10-12 SE SE7112904A patent/SE379432B/xx unknown
- 1971-10-13 GB GB4774171A patent/GB1361270A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-10-20 ES ES396182A patent/ES396182A1/es not_active Expired
- 1971-10-20 CA CA125,667A patent/CA969518A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-10-22 BR BR007092/71A patent/BR7107092D0/pt unknown
- 1971-10-25 FR FR7138193A patent/FR2112535B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-10-29 DE DE2154038A patent/DE2154038C3/de not_active Expired
- 1971-10-29 NL NL7114924A patent/NL7114924A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1971-10-29 DK DK531271AA patent/DK129544B/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-11-05 AT AT955371A patent/AT327749B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA969518A (en) | 1975-06-17 |
| FR2112535B1 (OSRAM) | 1975-02-21 |
| DE2154038B2 (de) | 1974-01-10 |
| ATA955371A (de) | 1975-04-15 |
| US3700478A (en) | 1972-10-24 |
| DK129544C (OSRAM) | 1975-03-10 |
| ES396182A1 (es) | 1975-01-16 |
| ZA716827B (en) | 1972-07-26 |
| BR7107092D0 (pt) | 1973-08-16 |
| NL7114924A (OSRAM) | 1972-05-12 |
| AU3451071A (en) | 1973-04-19 |
| SE379432B (OSRAM) | 1975-10-06 |
| FR2112535A1 (OSRAM) | 1972-06-16 |
| DK129544B (da) | 1974-10-21 |
| AT327749B (de) | 1976-02-10 |
| DE2154038A1 (de) | 1972-05-25 |
| AR204385A1 (es) | 1976-02-06 |
| GB1361270A (en) | 1974-07-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 |