DD264430A5 - Verfahren zur herstellung von 2-brom-2-ergokryptin - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von 2-brom-2-ergokryptin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DD264430A5 DD264430A5 DD87304197A DD30419787A DD264430A5 DD 264430 A5 DD264430 A5 DD 264430A5 DD 87304197 A DD87304197 A DD 87304197A DD 30419787 A DD30419787 A DD 30419787A DD 264430 A5 DD264430 A5 DD 264430A5
- Authority
- DD
- German Democratic Republic
- Prior art keywords
- bromo
- ergokryptin
- acid addition
- halogenation
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229950001817 alpha-ergocryptine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VQPFDLRNOCQMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromosilane Chemical compound Br[SiH3] VQPFDLRNOCQMSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003133 ergot alkaloid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VSCMNSZBNLOXNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo(triphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(Br)C1=CC=CC=C1 VSCMNSZBNLOXNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YREISLCRUMOYAY-IIPCNOPRSA-N ergometrine maleate Chemical class OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O.C1=CC(C=2[C@H](N(C)C[C@@H](C=2)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)C)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 YREISLCRUMOYAY-IIPCNOPRSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000031424 hyperprolactinemia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- AWFDCTXCTHGORH-HGHGUNKESA-N 6-[4-[(6ar,9r,10ar)-5-bromo-7-methyl-6,6a,8,9,10,10a-hexahydro-4h-indolo[4,3-fg]quinoline-9-carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-methylpyridin-2-one Chemical group O=C([C@H]1CN([C@H]2[C@@H](C=3C=CC=C4NC(Br)=C(C=34)C2)C1)C)N(CC1)CCN1C1=CC=CC(=O)N1C AWFDCTXCTHGORH-HGHGUNKESA-N 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- NESVMZOPWPCFAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ergoclavinine Natural products C1=CC(C=2C(N(C)CC(C=2)C(=O)NC2(C(=O)N3C(C(N4CCCC4C3(O)O2)=O)CC(C)C)C)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 NESVMZOPWPCFAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006345 epimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- NESVMZOPWPCFAU-ZPRCMDFASA-N ergosine Chemical compound C1=CC(C=2[C@H](N(C)C[C@@H](C=2)C(=O)N[C@]2(C(=O)N3[C@H](C(N4CCC[C@H]4[C@]3(O)O2)=O)CC(C)C)C)C2)=C3C2=CNC3=C1 NESVMZOPWPCFAU-ZPRCMDFASA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930015720 peptide alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZMLBORDGWNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-iodosuccinimide Chemical compound IN1C(=O)CCC1=O LQZMLBORDGWNPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSQJUDVTRRCSRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl(chloro)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](Cl)(CCCC)CCCC JSQJUDVTRRCSRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D457/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing indolo [4, 3-f, g] quinoline ring systems, e.g. derivatives of ergoline, of the formula:, e.g. lysergic acid
- C07D457/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing indolo [4, 3-f, g] quinoline ring systems, e.g. derivatives of ergoline, of the formula:, e.g. lysergic acid with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 8
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D457/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing indolo [4, 3-f, g] quinoline ring systems, e.g. derivatives of ergoline, of the formula:, e.g. lysergic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D457/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing indolo [4, 3-f, g] quinoline ring systems, e.g. derivatives of ergoline, of the formula:, e.g. lysergic acid
- C07D457/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing indolo [4, 3-f, g] quinoline ring systems, e.g. derivatives of ergoline, of the formula:, e.g. lysergic acid with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached in position 8
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
- C07D519/02—Ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU862690A HU196394B (en) | 1986-06-27 | 1986-06-27 | Process for preparing 2-halogenated ergoline derivatives |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DD264430A5 true DD264430A5 (de) | 1989-02-01 |
Family
ID=10960659
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD87304197A DD264430A5 (de) | 1986-06-27 | 1987-06-26 | Verfahren zur herstellung von 2-brom-2-ergokryptin |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4816587A (cs) |
| EP (1) | EP0251732B1 (cs) |
| JP (1) | JPH085879B2 (cs) |
| AR (1) | AR243194A1 (cs) |
| AT (1) | ATE88705T1 (cs) |
| AU (1) | AU597673B2 (cs) |
| BG (1) | BG48811A3 (cs) |
| CA (1) | CA1301163C (cs) |
| CS (1) | CS264295B2 (cs) |
| DD (1) | DD264430A5 (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE3785613T2 (cs) |
| DK (1) | DK328687A (cs) |
| ES (1) | ES2054672T3 (cs) |
| FI (1) | FI89048C (cs) |
| HU (1) | HU196394B (cs) |
| PL (1) | PL151562B1 (cs) |
| SU (1) | SU1528320A3 (cs) |
| UA (1) | UA5571A1 (cs) |
| YU (1) | YU46557B (cs) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HU196598B (en) * | 1986-04-25 | 1988-12-28 | Richter Gedeon Vegyeszet | Process for producing 1- and/or 8-substituted 2-halogenated ergoline derivatives and pharmaceutics comprising such compounds |
| DE4033496A1 (de) * | 1990-10-20 | 1992-04-23 | Sandoz Ag | Neue ergolinderivate, ihre herstellung und verwendung |
| NZ261259A (en) * | 1993-01-12 | 1996-12-20 | Biogen Inc | Humanised recombinant anti-vla4 antibody and diagnostic compositions and medicaments |
| US20030157642A1 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2003-08-21 | Caldwell Robert M. | Increasing production of proteins in gram-positive microorganisms |
| US6723550B1 (en) | 1997-07-15 | 2004-04-20 | Genencor International, Inc. | Proteases from gram-positive organisms |
| US6521421B1 (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 2003-02-18 | Genencor International, Inc. | Expression vectors encoding Bacillus subtilis disulfide bond isomerase and methods of secreting proteins in gram-positive microorganisms using the same |
| US6521440B1 (en) | 1997-09-15 | 2003-02-18 | Genencor International, Inc. | Proteases from gram-positive organisms |
| US6316241B1 (en) * | 1997-11-20 | 2001-11-13 | Genencor International, Inc. | Alpha/beta hydrolase-fold enzymes |
| FR2786099B1 (fr) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-12-29 | Aventis Laboratoire | Nouvelle application therapeutique de la 1,6-dimethyl-8beta- hydroxymethyl-10alpha-methoxyergoline |
| WO2002072787A2 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-19 | Sierra Sciences, Inc. | Telomerase expression repressor proteins and methods of using the same |
| JP2004537976A (ja) | 2001-03-15 | 2004-12-24 | インターナショナル バイオイムン システムズ，インコーポレーテッド | 膵癌のモノクローナル抗体治療 |
| DE60236089D1 (de) | 2001-07-02 | 2010-06-02 | Sekisui Medical Co Ltd | Latex-trägerpartikel für ein testreagenz, und testreagenz |
| CA2478458A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-20 | Michael Panzara | Treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis |
| RU2274640C1 (ru) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-04-20 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений ("ВИЛАР") | СПОСОБ БРОМИРОВАНИЯ α И β-ЭРГОКРИПТИНОВ |
| HRP20171045T1 (hr) | 2010-04-16 | 2017-10-06 | Biogen Ma Inc. | Protutijela anti-vla-4 |
| JP5843852B2 (ja) | 2010-06-11 | 2016-01-13 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ | 有機添加剤を有する、レーザーに対して透過性のポリブチレンテレフタレート |
| US8889768B2 (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2014-11-18 | Basf Se | Laser-transparent PBT with organic additives |
| CN105560244B (zh) * | 2014-10-10 | 2019-01-11 | 上海交通大学 | 一种γ-分泌酶抑制剂及其应用 |
| LT3221349T (lt) | 2014-11-19 | 2021-02-10 | Axon Neuroscience Se | Humanizuoti tau antikūnai, esant alzheimerio ligai |
| EP3470842B1 (en) | 2016-06-14 | 2021-05-12 | Denka Company Limited | Membrane carrier for liquid sample test kit, liquid sample test kit, and method for producing liquid sample test kit |
| EP3605099B1 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2022-03-09 | Denka Company Limited | Membrane carrier, kit for testing liquid sample using same, and manufacturing method thereof |
| EP3892998B1 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2022-05-18 | Denka Company Limited | Membrane carrier and kit for testing liquid sample using same |
| US12037398B2 (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2024-07-16 | Biogen Ma Inc. | Anti-VLA-4 antibodies having reduced effector function |
| WO2023220381A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Lysergic acid derivatives and methods |
| US20240228479A1 (en) * | 2022-12-31 | 2024-07-11 | Ceruvia Lifesciences Llc | Process for synthesizing 2-bromolysergic acid diethylamide via controlled bromination of lysergic acid |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3901894A (en) * | 1974-06-06 | 1975-08-26 | Lilly Co Eli | 8-thiomethylergolines |
| US3992422A (en) * | 1975-08-14 | 1976-11-16 | Schering Corporation | Process for the preparation of 21-halogeno-21-desoxy-17α-acyloxy-20-keto-pregnenes |
| US4098790A (en) * | 1976-09-15 | 1978-07-04 | Eli Lilly And Company | Ergoline chlorination process |
| YU216177A (en) * | 1977-09-09 | 1984-02-29 | Rudolf Rucman | Process for preparing 2-bromo ergosine |
| US4166182A (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-08-28 | Eli Lilly And Company | 6-n-propyl-8-methoxymethyl or methylmercaptomethylergolines and related compounds |
| YU39849B (en) * | 1978-09-26 | 1985-04-30 | Lek Tovarna Farmacevtskih | Process for preparing 2-bromo-ergolene and 2-bromo-ergoline compounds |
| HU193317B (en) * | 1985-06-12 | 1987-09-28 | Richter Gedeon Vegyeszet | Process for producing 2-bromo-alpha-ergochristin |
| HU193782B (en) * | 1985-06-21 | 1987-11-30 | Richter Gedeon Vegyeszet | Process for producing 2-halogeno-nicergoline derivatives and acid additional salts thereof |
| HU193780B (en) * | 1985-06-21 | 1987-11-30 | Richter Gedeon Vegyeszet | Process for producing 2-halogeno-6-methyl-ergol-9-ene derivatives and acid additional salts thereof |
| HU196598B (en) * | 1986-04-25 | 1988-12-28 | Richter Gedeon Vegyeszet | Process for producing 1- and/or 8-substituted 2-halogenated ergoline derivatives and pharmaceutics comprising such compounds |
-
1986
- 1986-06-27 HU HU862690A patent/HU196394B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1987
- 1987-06-05 US US07/058,576 patent/US4816587A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-25 YU YU119987A patent/YU46557B/sh unknown
- 1987-06-26 BG BG080325A patent/BG48811A3/xx unknown
- 1987-06-26 ES ES87305716T patent/ES2054672T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-26 FI FI872852A patent/FI89048C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-26 PL PL1987266477A patent/PL151562B1/pl unknown
- 1987-06-26 CS CS874791A patent/CS264295B2/cs unknown
- 1987-06-26 SU SU874202820A patent/SU1528320A3/ru active
- 1987-06-26 DK DK328687A patent/DK328687A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-06-26 EP EP87305716A patent/EP0251732B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-26 AT AT87305716T patent/ATE88705T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-26 UA UA4202820A patent/UA5571A1/uk unknown
- 1987-06-26 AR AR87307983A patent/AR243194A1/es active
- 1987-06-26 DE DE8787305716T patent/DE3785613T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-26 JP JP62157949A patent/JPH085879B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-26 AU AU74763/87A patent/AU597673B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-06-26 DD DD87304197A patent/DD264430A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-26 CA CA000540700A patent/CA1301163C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0251732A2 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| FI89048B (fi) | 1993-04-30 |
| EP0251732B1 (en) | 1993-04-28 |
| UA5571A1 (uk) | 1994-12-28 |
| FI89048C (fi) | 1993-08-10 |
| AU7476387A (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| CS264295B2 (en) | 1989-06-13 |
| PL151562B1 (en) | 1990-09-28 |
| ES2054672T3 (es) | 1994-08-16 |
| HUT44541A (en) | 1988-03-28 |
| DK328687D0 (da) | 1987-06-26 |
| EP0251732A3 (en) | 1989-05-10 |
| DE3785613T2 (de) | 1993-08-12 |
| CS479187A2 (en) | 1988-09-16 |
| ATE88705T1 (de) | 1993-05-15 |
| DE3785613D1 (de) | 1993-06-03 |
| FI872852L (fi) | 1987-12-28 |
| SU1528320A3 (ru) | 1989-12-07 |
| YU119987A (en) | 1988-06-30 |
| YU46557B (sh) | 1993-11-16 |
| HU196394B (en) | 1988-11-28 |
| AR243194A1 (es) | 1993-07-30 |
| AU597673B2 (en) | 1990-06-07 |
| DK328687A (da) | 1987-12-28 |
| JPH085879B2 (ja) | 1996-01-24 |
| BG48811A3 (bg) | 1991-05-15 |
| PL266477A1 (en) | 1988-07-21 |
| US4816587A (en) | 1989-03-28 |
| CA1301163C (en) | 1992-05-19 |
| FI872852A0 (fi) | 1987-06-26 |
| JPS6314783A (ja) | 1988-01-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENJ | Ceased due to non-payment of renewal fee |