CS199222B2 - Process for lowering concentration of nitrosing agents - Google Patents
Process for lowering concentration of nitrosing agents Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS199222B2 CS199222B2 CS786096A CS609678A CS199222B2 CS 199222 B2 CS199222 B2 CS 199222B2 CS 786096 A CS786096 A CS 786096A CS 609678 A CS609678 A CS 609678A CS 199222 B2 CS199222 B2 CS 199222B2
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- trifluoromethyl
- chloro
- benzene
- dinitro
- sodium carbonate
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 38
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 101
- HFHAVERNVFNSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,3-dinitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1Cl HFHAVERNVFNSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 16
- YLKFDHTUAUWZPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine Chemical compound CCCN(N=O)CCC YLKFDHTUAUWZPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous amide Chemical compound ON=N XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- CGNBQYFXGQHUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitroaniline Chemical class NC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O CGNBQYFXGQHUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 2-nitroxyethyl Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000769 gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection Methods 0.000 description 3
- LZGUHMNOBNWABZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nitro-n-phenylnitramide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N([N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LZGUHMNOBNWABZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000013494 PH determination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001031 gas chromatography-thermal energy analyser Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009935 nitrosation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007034 nitrosation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N (6S,7R)-2-azaspiro[5.5]undecan-7-ol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CCCC[C@]11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEIDAQXBGNTRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-tris(fluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FCC1=CC=CC(CF)=C1CF VEIDAQXBGNTRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHJKXNJDFDLMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O YHJKXNJDFDLMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGVILDRFZRQNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C)=C1Cl DGVILDRFZRQNIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODGIMMLDVSWADK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-trifluoromethylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 ODGIMMLDVSWADK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNFMIVVPXOGUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluchloralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCCl)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O MNFMIVVPXOGUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitramine Natural products CC1C(O)CCC2CCCNC12 BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITVQAKZNYJEWKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Profluralin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C=1C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=1N(CCC)CC1CC1 ITVQAKZNYJEWKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMDHCQAYESWHAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benfluralin Chemical compound CCCCN(CC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SMDHCQAYESWHAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonitramine Natural products OC1CCCCC11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZGMCNGHHUQZNIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-n-ethylnitrous amide Chemical compound CCCCN(CC)N=O ZGMCNGHHUQZNIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003753 nitric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000004005 nitrosamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QULYNCCPRWKEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N parachlorobenzotrifluoride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 QULYNCCPRWKEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C201/00—Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C201/06—Preparation of nitro compounds
- C07C201/16—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C205/00—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C205/07—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms
- C07C205/11—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms having nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C205/12—Compounds containing nitro groups bound to a carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms having nitro groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings the six-membered aromatic ring or a condensed ring system containing that ring being substituted by halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/68—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
- C07C209/74—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton by halogenation, hydrohalogenation, dehalogenation, or dehydrohalogenation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/43—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
- C07C211/44—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to only one six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C211/52—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to only one six-membered aromatic ring the carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/835,087 US4120905A (en) | 1977-09-21 | 1977-09-21 | Removal of nitrosating agents |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS199222B2 true CS199222B2 (en) | 1980-07-31 |
Family
ID=25268542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS786096A CS199222B2 (en) | 1977-09-21 | 1978-09-21 | Process for lowering concentration of nitrosing agents |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4120905A (da) |
| JP (1) | JPS5840940B2 (da) |
| AR (1) | AR218686A1 (da) |
| AU (1) | AU517729B2 (da) |
| BE (1) | BE870613A (da) |
| BR (1) | BR7806183A (da) |
| CA (1) | CA1080749A (da) |
| CS (1) | CS199222B2 (da) |
| DD (1) | DD138973A5 (da) |
| DE (1) | DE2840551C2 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK151955C (da) |
| ES (1) | ES473527A1 (da) |
| FR (1) | FR2403988A1 (da) |
| GB (1) | GB2004874B (da) |
| HU (1) | HU179462B (da) |
| IE (1) | IE47442B1 (da) |
| IL (1) | IL55584A (da) |
| IT (1) | IT1099110B (da) |
| MX (1) | MX5653E (da) |
| NL (1) | NL188694C (da) |
| PL (1) | PL118036B1 (da) |
| ZA (1) | ZA785344B (da) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3061492D1 (en) * | 1979-05-21 | 1983-02-03 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the removal of nitrozation agents from nitrated aromatic compounds |
| DE2920448C3 (de) * | 1979-05-21 | 1982-02-11 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur Entfernung von Nitrosierungsmittel (n) aus nitrierten aromatischen Verbindungen |
| DE2926947C2 (de) * | 1979-07-04 | 1982-03-18 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur Entfernung von Nitrosierungsmittel (n) aus nitrierten aromatischen Verbindungen |
| US4391992A (en) * | 1979-08-24 | 1983-07-05 | American Cyanamid Company | N-Denitration of N,2,6-trinitroanilines with phase transfer catalysts |
| US4331819A (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1982-05-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Water removal in nitration of aromatic hydrocarbons |
| IT1131182B (it) * | 1980-05-15 | 1986-06-18 | Montedison Spa | Processo di preparazione di n-di-n-propil-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluorometilanilina a basso contenuto di nitrosammine |
| SU1616514A3 (ru) * | 1982-04-22 | 1990-12-23 | Оксон Италия С.П.А. (Фирма) | Способ очистки 1-хлор-2,6-динитро-4-(трифторметил)бензола |
| US4440962A (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1984-04-03 | Oxon Italia S.P.A. | Process for removing nitrosating agents from 1-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene |
| DE3345157A1 (de) * | 1983-12-14 | 1985-06-27 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von nitrosaminfreien n,n-disubstituierten nitroaromatischen aminen und deren stabilisierung gegen nitrosaminbildung |
| IT1190440B (it) * | 1985-12-18 | 1988-02-16 | Finchimica Spa | Procedimento migliorato per la purificazione della trifluralina |
| US4876388A (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1989-10-24 | IΠCI. S.p.A. | Method for the purification of trifuraline |
| US5728881A (en) * | 1997-03-05 | 1998-03-17 | Srm Chemical, Ltd. Co. | Process for preparing trifluralin |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2669576A (en) * | 1944-12-30 | 1954-02-16 | Alfred T Blomquist | Method of improving the properties of certain explosives |
| US2876267A (en) * | 1957-02-15 | 1959-03-03 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Purification of 4-chloronitrotoluenes |
-
1977
- 1977-09-21 US US05/835,087 patent/US4120905A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-09-18 IT IT27803/78A patent/IT1099110B/it active
- 1978-09-18 IL IL55584A patent/IL55584A/xx unknown
- 1978-09-18 AR AR273744A patent/AR218686A1/es active
- 1978-09-18 DE DE2840551A patent/DE2840551C2/de not_active Expired
- 1978-09-19 CA CA311,630A patent/CA1080749A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-19 GB GB7837396A patent/GB2004874B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-19 AU AU39980/78A patent/AU517729B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-20 BR BR7806183A patent/BR7806183A/pt unknown
- 1978-09-20 ZA ZA785344A patent/ZA785344B/xx unknown
- 1978-09-20 MX MX787399U patent/MX5653E/es unknown
- 1978-09-20 ES ES473527A patent/ES473527A1/es not_active Expired
- 1978-09-20 IE IE1896/78A patent/IE47442B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-20 DK DK415878A patent/DK151955C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-20 HU HU78EI813A patent/HU179462B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-20 JP JP53116461A patent/JPS5840940B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1978-09-20 BE BE1009064A patent/BE870613A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-20 FR FR7826944A patent/FR2403988A1/fr active Granted
- 1978-09-21 DD DD78208004A patent/DD138973A5/xx unknown
- 1978-09-21 PL PL1978209749A patent/PL118036B1/pl unknown
- 1978-09-21 NL NLAANVRAGE7809632,A patent/NL188694C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-21 CS CS786096A patent/CS199222B2/cs unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7806183A (pt) | 1979-04-17 |
| PL209749A1 (pl) | 1979-06-04 |
| AU517729B2 (en) | 1981-08-20 |
| NL7809632A (nl) | 1979-03-23 |
| FR2403988A1 (fr) | 1979-04-20 |
| IL55584A0 (en) | 1978-12-17 |
| CA1080749A (en) | 1980-07-01 |
| HU179462B (en) | 1982-10-28 |
| DE2840551C2 (de) | 1984-09-27 |
| DK415878A (da) | 1979-03-22 |
| GB2004874A (en) | 1979-04-11 |
| FR2403988B1 (da) | 1981-05-08 |
| DD138973A5 (de) | 1979-12-05 |
| GB2004874B (en) | 1982-04-15 |
| NL188694C (nl) | 1992-09-01 |
| US4120905A (en) | 1978-10-17 |
| IE781896L (en) | 1979-03-21 |
| IT7827803A0 (it) | 1978-09-18 |
| PL118036B1 (en) | 1981-09-30 |
| ES473527A1 (es) | 1979-10-16 |
| DK151955C (da) | 1988-07-11 |
| BE870613A (fr) | 1979-03-20 |
| AU3998078A (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| AR218686A1 (es) | 1980-06-30 |
| JPS5840940B2 (ja) | 1983-09-08 |
| DK151955B (da) | 1988-01-18 |
| IE47442B1 (en) | 1984-03-21 |
| IL55584A (en) | 1981-03-31 |
| IT1099110B (it) | 1985-09-18 |
| JPS5455527A (en) | 1979-05-02 |
| DE2840551A1 (de) | 1979-03-29 |
| ZA785344B (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| MX5653E (es) | 1983-12-01 |
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