CN210987769U - Vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding arched shed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vegetables-earthworm three-dimensional arch shed of planting and raising utilizes earthworm canopy upper portion space when breeding the earthworm, plants climbing liana vegetables around earthworm breeding material, for example: pumpkin, luffa, bottle gourd, wax gourd, etc. The roots of climbing vine vegetables are planted at the periphery of the earthworm breeding material to absorb nutrients of earthworm cast, the climbing vine vegetables fall off and redundant leaves and stems directly fall on the earthworm material to serve as nutrients of the earthworms, and meanwhile, the climbing vine vegetables can shade the earthworms, reduce the temperature and reduce the evaporation of water of the material, so that the water consumption is reduced, and the labor is reduced.

Description

Vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding arched shed

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to a vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding arched shed.

Background art:

the earthworms are omnivorous land-link animals, live in soil at night and day, take livestock and poultry excrement and organic waste garbage as food to be swallowed together with soil, and also eat rotten stems, leaves and other fragments of plants, so that the earthworms have the function of promoting decomposition and transformation of substances in natural ecology. A large number of experimental studies show that earthworms can swallow a large amount of organic substances in the metabolism process of the earthworms, mix the organic substances with soil, and decompose and transform the organic substances through the mechanical grinding effect of the sand sacs and the biochemical effect in intestinal tracts. The earthworm has strong digestion capability, the digestive tract can secrete protease, lipase, cellulase, chitinase, amylase and the like, organic substances can be hydrolyzed into simple low-molecular compounds such as carbohydrate, fat, alcohol and the like under the action of the enzymes and microorganisms, and the substances are combined with mineral substances in soil to form a highly-fused organic-inorganic complex and finally discharged in the form of earthworm cast. Meanwhile, the water vapor circulation in the excrement can be improved through the movement of the earthworms in the excrement, so that the excrement and microorganisms in the excrement can move and be mixed with each other, and the synergistic effect of the earthworms and the microorganisms on excrement treatment is enhanced. The earthworms eat a great amount, and 1 hundred million earthworms can eat 40 to 50t of garbage in one day and discharge 20t of earthworm feces. The addition of the earthworms can improve the fermentation decomposition speed of organic substances in the excrement by 3 to 4 times and obtain a stable product with low C/N. The technology has simple process and low cost, can obtain high-quality organic fertilizer and high-protein feed, does not generate secondary waste, and does not form secondary environmental pollution.

Researches find that the wormcast can be used as a substrate for seedling culture, and the proper amount of wormcast can shorten the seedling culture time and promote the growth of seedlings; the wormcast is added in a proper amount to inhibit soil pests and soil-borne diseases, such as reducing the number of plant parasitic nematodes and reducing the disease susceptibility of plants. The wormcast has high porosity and specific surface area and is a high-efficiency adsorbent for various odors; the contained large amount of microorganisms have good absorption and purification functions on odor substances, and can be used as a biological deodorant after simple processing. The earthworm is used for treating the livestock and poultry manure, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the manure can be improved, the soil structure is improved, the water permeability of the soil is increased, the soil surface is prevented from hardening, and the fertilizer retention of the soil is improved; the organic matter and nutrient content of the soil are improved, the activities of neutral phosphatase, protease, urease, sucrose and the like in the soil are increased, and the fertilizer supply performance of the soil is enhanced.

The earthworm is used for treating livestock and poultry manure, so that not only can the earthworm manure be obtained, but also a large amount of earthworms can be harvested. The earthworm contains abundant protein and can be used as feed for livestock, fowl and aquaculture. The earthworm is also a common Chinese medicinal material and has the effects of relieving fever, relieving spasm, activating collaterals, relieving asthma, reducing blood pressure, promoting urination and the like.

At present, the technology for breeding earthworms by using livestock and poultry manure is mature, and open compost breeding, basin breeding, three-dimensional bracket breeding and semi-basement earthworm breeding methods are available. The method for breeding earthworms in pots, three-dimensional supports and semi-basements is high in cost, convenient to operate in open compost breeding, low in labor cost, capable of being mechanically operated and easy to popularize and apply in rural areas in a large area. The open compost culture bait is directly stacked on the land, and the nutrients can directly permeate into the ground to culture the soil fertility. The earthworms are not high-temperature resistant (more than 35 ℃) and low-temperature resistant (less than 0 ℃), so that a greenhouse is built to shade in summer in the north, a simple plastic greenhouse is built to raise the temperature in winter to protect the earthworms from safe overwintering, the investment cost is increased undoubtedly by building a greenhouse film, and the upper space of the earthworm greenhouse is wasted. In order to improve the land utilization efficiency and increase the economic benefit, when breeding earthworms, the upper space of the earthworm shed is utilized to plant climbing vine vegetables, such as: pumpkin, towel gourd, bottle gourd, wax gourd and the like, can fully utilize space and increase economic benefits. The proper temperature of the earthworms in the north is utilized to adjust the earthworm cultivation and vegetable planting time, the earthworms are cultivated in the greenhouse in 4-10 months for fallow, and greenhouse vegetables including spinach, asparagus lettuce, wuta-tsai, yellow cabbage and overwintering cauliflower are planted in 10-3 months in the next year.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding arched shed.

The invention provides a vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding arched shed which comprises: according to the technical scheme, the earthworm breeding materials and the climbing vine vegetable modules are distributed at the periphery of the earthworm breeding materials, branches and fruits on the upper portions of the climbing vine vegetable planting modules climb above the earthworm materials, the roots of the climbing vine vegetable are planted at the periphery of the earthworm breeding materials to absorb nutrients of earthworm dung, the climbing vine vegetable falls off, redundant blades and stems directly fall on the earthworm materials to serve as nutrients of the earthworms, meanwhile, the climbing vine vegetable can shade the earthworms, the temperature is reduced, the moisture evaporation of the materials is reduced, the water consumption is reduced, and the labor is reduced.

The arched shed is a steel frame arched shed, the length of the arched shed is 40m, the width of the arched shed is 6m, and the middle of the arched shed is 3m high.

The sprinkling irrigation pipe is arranged in the middle of the arched shed, and the water content of materials and soil in the shed is adjusted according to the growth conditions of the earthworms and vegetables in the shed.

The length of the earthworm breeding material in the arched shed is 38m-39.5m, the width is 4m-5.5m, and the height is 0.3m-0.4 m.

The water content of the materials in the arched shed is 60-80%.

The roots of the vine vegetables climbing in the arched shed are planted at the position 0.25m-1m around the earthworm cultivation material.

The feeding amount of the earthworms on the earthworm breeding materials is 0.25kg-1kg/m²。

The climbing vine vegetables comprise pumpkin, towel gourd, bottle gourd, white gourd and the like.

The earthworm is Japanese No. II Dali earthworm.

The vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting arched shed is used for planting climbing vine vegetables in 4-10 months; vegetables are planted in the shed from 10 months to 3 months in the next year, and can be spinach, asparagus lettuce, Wuta-tsai, yellow cabbage and overwintering cauliflower.

According to the respective culture and cultivation characteristics of the earthworm culture and climbing vine vegetables, the upper space of earthworm culture materials is fully utilized, the land utilization rate is increased, and the increase of economic benefits is realized.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is an optional structural schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and raising shed provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

Description of reference numerals:

1-arched shed, 2-earthworm breeding material and 3-climbing vine vegetable.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding arched shed comprises the following steps:

1. an earthworm arched shed is built, the length of the earthworm arched shed is 40m, the width of the earthworm arched shed is 6m, the middle of the earthworm arched shed is 3m high, and a sprinkling irrigation pipe is arranged in the middle of the earthworm arched shed, so that the earthworm arched shed is convenient to water.

2. In 3 months, the well-decomposed cow dung is stacked in a shed, the length of the shed is 39m, the width of the shed is 5m, the height of the shed is 0.4m, and watering is carried out to keep the water content at 70-80%.

3. Mixing Lumbricus (Daping II) at a ratio of 0.5kg/m²Put on the material and let it automatically drill into the material. Watering is carried out according to the dry and wet conditions of the materials, so that the water content of the materials is kept between 60 and 70 percent. Collecting wormcast and earthworm every two months.

4. Climbing vine vegetables such as pumpkins, loofah, bottle gourd and white gourd are planted around the earthworm cultivation materials in the last 4 th month, management is carried out according to the characteristics of different vegetables, and the materials of earthworms can be taken as falling off and redundant leaves and stems, so that mature melons can be collected in time.

5. Collecting earthworm, wormcast, melon and melon seedlings in the arched shed at the beginning of 10 months.

6. Spinach, asparagus lettuce, Wuta-tsai, yellow cabbage and overwintering cauliflower are planted in the middle ten days of 10 months and collected in 3 months in the next year.

The following examples illustrate the stereoscopic planting and raising shed of the present invention by taking the case of stereoscopic planting and raising of vegetables-earthworms by limited agricultural development company of Ascens Henan Yuan forest as an example.

Example (b): bottle gourd/spinach-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding of Henan Yuanlin agriculture development Limited company

And 3, 20 days in 2017, arranging a steel frame arched shed, and leveling the land.

Preparing materials 15m in 21-22 days in 3 months³The material is decomposed cow dung, and is piled according to the length of 39m, the width of 5m and the height of 0.4 m.

And 3, sufficiently watering the material for 23-24 days, testing whether the material is suitable for earthworm survival, putting 10 adult earthworms on the surface of the material, observing whether the adult earthworms enter the material, if the adult earthworms enter the material, putting the adult earthworms, and if the adult earthworms do not enter the material, not suitable for putting the adult earthworms, repeatedly watering the material, and inoculating the adult earthworms after the adult earthworms are suitable. Tests show that the material is suitable for the growth of earthworms.

3 months and 25 days, according to 0.5kg/m²The earthworms are inoculated into the material with the throwing density of about 24 kg/shed, and watering is carried out according to the dry and wet condition of the material to ensure that the water content is between 60 and 70 percent.

And (3) breeding the bottle gourd seeds in the greenhouse at the beginning of 3 months, transplanting and fixing seedlings in 7 days after 4 months, and planting two lines at a position 0.5m around the earthworm breeding materials in the greenhouse, wherein the plant spacing is 1.5 m. And covering the shed with a shading net, so that the bottle gourd can climb the seedlings conveniently. The initial harvest date of pericarpium Lagenariae Hispidae is 6 months and 2 days, the final harvest period is 9 months and 4 days, and the total yield is 1802.3 kg.

Collecting a batch of earthworm cast and earthworm in 25-26 days in 5 months, and collecting about 10m³(water content is 30-40%), fresh earthworm 95 kg; adding materials 15m in 27-28 days at 5 months³Collecting a batch of earthworm cast and earthworms in 25-26 days in 7 months, and collecting about 10m³105kg of fresh earthworms (the water content is 30-40%); adding materials 15m in 27-28 days in 9 months³Collecting a batch of earthworm cast and earthworms in 25-26 days in 9 months, and collecting about 12m³(water content is 30-40%), fresh earthworm is 135kg, a part of wormcast is left as base fertilizer of spinach, and wormcast is collected by 32m after earthworm cultivation³335kg of fresh earthworms.

Spinach is sown at the bottom of 10 months without covering the film, and the spinach is harvested at the bottom of 3 months, wherein the yield of the spinach is 430kg per shed.

Table 1 shows the input cost and income of bottle gourd/spinach-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding of the agricultural development ltd of south aster river, the cost of each shed is 15920 yuan, the artificial input is mainly adopted, the income is 31016.9 yuan, the income is 15096.9 yuan, the planting cost of the bottle gourd and the spinach is 3200 yuan, the income is 5406.9 yuan, and the income is 2206.9 yuan. The planted bottle gourd can additionally increase income, can shade earthworms, reduce temperature and reduce material moisture evaporation, so that water consumption is reduced, and labor is reduced. In winter, earthworms grow slowly, cow dung is treated slowly, heat preservation is needed, and investment is increased, so that the earthworms are not suitable for earthworm cultivation in winter, the method is used for planting spinach, a large amount of nutrient elements enter underground during earthworm cultivation, additional fertilization can be omitted by utilizing the fertilizers, the spinach is easy to manage, the investment per shed is about 800 yuan, the spinach can be harvested into 1720 yuan, and the income is 920 yuan.

TABLE 1 stereoscopic planting and income statistics/shed of bottle gourd/spinach-earthworm, agricultural development Limited, Henan Yuan Ling

The embodiment shows that the bottle gourd/spinach-earthworm three-dimensional planting and breeding arched shed makes full use of the upper space of earthworm breeding materials, improves the land utilization rate and increases the income.

Claims (5)

1. A vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and raising arched shed comprises: earthworm breeding materials and climbing liana vegetables, which is characterized in that: the roots of climbing vine vegetables are distributed around the earthworm breeding materials, branches and tendrils on the upper parts of the climbing vine vegetables and fruits climb above the earthworm materials, and the roots of the climbing vine vegetables are planted in the arched shed.

2. The vegetable-earthworm stereoscopic planting and raising arched shed according to claim 1, wherein: the sprinkling irrigation pipe is arranged in the middle of the vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and raising arched shed, and the water content of materials and soil in the shed is adjusted according to the growth conditions of earthworms, vegetables and earthworms in the shed.

3. The vegetable-earthworm stereoscopic planting and raising arched shed according to claim 2, wherein: the water content of the materials in the vegetable-earthworm three-dimensional planting and raising arched shed is 60-80%.

4. The vegetable-earthworm stereoscopic planting and raising arched shed according to claim 1, wherein: the roots of climbing liana vegetables are planted at the position 0.25m-1m around the earthworm breeding material.

5. The vegetable-earthworm stereoscopic planting and raising arched shed according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding amount of the earthworms on the earthworm breeding materials is 0.25kg-1kg/m²。

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