CN208327890U - 一种易清洁保护膜、一种基板组件 - Google Patents

一种易清洁保护膜、一种基板组件 Download PDF

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CN208327890U
CN208327890U CN201820041055.0U CN201820041055U CN208327890U CN 208327890 U CN208327890 U CN 208327890U CN 201820041055 U CN201820041055 U CN 201820041055U CN 208327890 U CN208327890 U CN 208327890U
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easy
clean
protective film
layer
counterdie
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黄佩
陈雪花
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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Priority to PCT/IB2019/050200 priority patent/WO2019138357A1/en
Priority to US16/961,320 priority patent/US11701871B2/en
Priority to JP2020538038A priority patent/JP7414366B2/ja
Priority to EP19738231.0A priority patent/EP3737561A4/en
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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种易清洁保护膜，属于汽车等交通工具保护膜技术领域，其可解决现有的交通工具涂料易被造成持久划伤及其表面污渍不易清洗的问题。本实用新型的易清洁保护膜中，包括聚氯乙烯(PVC)底膜和由二氧化硅粒子构成的易清洁层，其中，易清洁层的水接触角小，因此可以降低灰尘、油污的附着力。当易清洁层的表面被灰尘、油污污染后，进行简单清洗即可容易地将灰尘、油污清洁干净。本实用新型的易清洁保护膜适用于作为各种基材的保护涂层，尤其适用贴附于汽车或其他运输车辆车体表面。

Description

一种易清洁保护膜、一种基板组件
技术领域
本实用新型属于交通工具保护膜技术领域，具体涉及一种易清洁保护膜、一种基板组件。
背景技术
汽车等交通工具涂料不仅可以保护车身，避免车身的金属被腐蚀，同时还能使得交通工具更美观。绝大多数的交通工具涂料都会含有挥发性有机物(VOC)，为了保护环境，国家推出相关法规，控制VOC的排放。同时，为了保持汽车等交通工具表面光泽度和清洁性，需要定期的对交通工具进行清洗和维护。
这样就要求寻找一种可以替代交通工具涂料的保护膜，既能满足国家控制VOC排放的要求，但又能保护交通工具，避免车身被腐蚀。目前的交通工具保护膜，如汽车保护膜主要应用于玻璃基材，应用于车身涂料基材且易清洁的保护膜研究很少。
实用新型内容
发明人发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题：一方面，灰尘、油污、或其它厚重的污渍很难被清洗掉；另一方面，若用物理摩擦的方式清洗，随着交通工具清洗次数的增加，异物颗粒等会对车体造成永久的划伤；若用强力的化学清洗剂清洗，清洗过程中的污水会使得交通工具涂料表面的光泽度逐渐下降。
本实用新型针对现有的交通工具涂料易被造成持久划伤及其表面污渍不易清洗的问题，提供一种易清洁保护膜、基板组件。
解决本实用新型技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种易清洁保护膜，包括聚氯乙烯(PVC)底膜和设于PVC 底膜一侧的由二氧化硅粒子构成的易清洁层。
优选的是，所述PVC底膜的厚度为50μm-100μm。
优选的是，所述易清洁层的厚度为150nm-1μm。
优选的是，所述二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm-100nm。
优选的是，所述二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm-10nm。
优选的是，所述PVC底膜与易清洁层之间还设有结合层，所述PVC底膜与易清洁层通过结合层粘结在一起。
优选的是，所述结合层由聚氨酯(PU)构成。
优选的是，所述结合层的厚度为5μm-75μm。
优选的是，所述PVC底膜远离所述易清洁层的一面设有压敏胶黏剂层。
优选的是，所述压敏胶黏剂层远离所述PVC底膜的一面上还设有离型层。
本实用新型还提供一种基板组件，包括基底，所述基底上设有由涂料形成的涂层，所述涂层上贴附有上述的易清洁保护膜。
本实用新型还提供一种基板组件，包括基底，所述基底上贴附有上述的易清洁保护膜。
本实用新型的易清洁保护膜中包括用于保护金属涂层的PVC 底膜和由二氧化硅粒子构成的易清洁层。其中，易清洁层水接触角较小，因此可以降低灰尘、油污的附着力。当易清洁层的表面被灰尘、油污污染后，进行简单清洗即可将灰尘和油污清洗干净。本实用新型的易清洁保护膜适用于保护金属基底、非金属基底、金属涂层(即金属基底上的由涂料形成的涂层)，尤其适用贴附于汽车、摩托车、高铁、地铁等交通工具的车体表面。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的实施例1的易清洁保护膜的结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型的实施例2的易清洁保护膜的结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型的实施例2的易清洁保护膜的结构示意图；
其中，附图标记为：1、PVC底膜；2、易清洁层；3、结合层； 4、压敏胶黏剂层；5、离型层。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本实用新型的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细描述。
下述实施例中原料、仪器信息详见表1。需要说明的是，下述实施例中原料均为市售。采用市售其它供应商或其它商品名称的类似的原料与本案实验结果接近。
表1
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种易清洁保护膜，如图1所示，包括用于保护金属基底、非金属基底或金属涂层的PVC底膜1和由二氧化硅粒子构成的易清洁层2(也称二氧化硅层)。其中，PVC底膜1 可选用透明的PVC流延膜，这样不会影响金属涂层本身的色泽、亮度。
本实施例的易清洁保护膜使用时，PVC底膜1贴附于金属涂层上，易清洁层2暴露应用于环境表面，由于易清洁层2由二氧化硅粒子构成，水接触角较小，因此可以降低灰尘、油污的附着力，当易清洁层2的表面被灰尘、油污污染后，进行简单清洗即可将灰尘和油污清洗干净。
实施例2：
本实施例提供一种易清洁保护膜，如图2所示，包括用于保护金属基底、非金属基底或金属涂层的PVC底膜1和由二氧化硅粒子构成的易清洁层2。在所述PVC底膜1与易清洁层2之间设有由聚氨酯(PU)构成的结合层3(也称聚氨酯层)，用于增强易清洁层2与PVC底膜1的结合力。其中，本实施例中的PVC 底膜1、二氧化硅层、聚氨酯层的原料均为市售。
也就是说，实施例1的易清洁保护膜在长期使用过程中，尤其是在经过反复冲洗、摩擦、清洁后，易清洁层2的二氧化硅粒子有掉落的风险，为了降低这种风险，增长易清洁保护膜的使用寿命，实施例2中在PVC底膜1与易清洁层2之间增加了一层由聚氨酯构成的结合层3，该结合层3不仅与PVC底膜1的结合能力好，其还能牢固的锁住二氧化硅粒子。
优选的是，所述PVC底膜1的厚度为50μm-100μm。
其中，若PVC底膜1的厚度小于50μm则太薄，达不到保护金属涂层的目的，若PVC底膜1的厚度大于100μm则太厚，不利于与金属涂层粘附。
优选的是，所述结合层3的厚度为5μm-75μm。
其中，若结合层3的厚度小于5μm，因为PVC底膜1本身的厚度均匀性偏差，会造成涂布困难；若结合层3的厚度大于75 μm，则一方面会使得产品整体厚度增加，不利于与金属基底、非金属基底或金属涂层粘附，另一方面还增加了产品成本。
优选的是，所述易清洁层2的厚度为150nm-1μm。
其中，若易清洁层2的厚度小于150nm，则易清洁效果较弱；若易清洁层2的厚度大于1μm，则影响产品外观，造成易清洁保护膜开裂，产生缺陷。
优选的是，所述二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm-100nm。
其中，易清洁层2的厚度直接影响该产品的清洁难易程度，以及清洁效果。优选的是，所述二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm-10nm，其中，二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm时，易清洁层2表面的水接触角较小，粗糙度较大，灰尘、油污在其上的附着力较小，利于清洗。
可选的，所述PVC底膜1远离所述易清洁层2的一面设有压敏胶黏剂层4，用于将所述易清洁保护膜粘贴至金属涂层的表面上。优选的是，所述压敏胶黏剂层4远离所述PVC底膜1的一面上还设有离型层5。
也就是说，如图3所示，在大批量生产易清洁保护膜产品时，可以直接在PVC底膜1远离所述易清洁层2的一面粘贴压敏胶黏剂层4，在其使用之前，在压敏胶黏剂层4上贴有离型层5，应用时，将离型层5撕除，粘贴至金属涂层的表面上即可。
实施例3：
本实施例提供一种易清洁保护膜的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)在透明PVC流延膜表面涂覆含有锡(Sn)催化剂的聚氨酯溶液，在110℃-120℃的条件下固化3.5min-5min以形成聚氨酯层，即结合层。然后在200mj/cm2条件下进行电晕处理(corona treat)。
(2)在聚氨酯层上涂覆二氧化硅的分散液，在110℃-120℃的条件下固化3.5min-5min以形成二氧化硅层，即易清洁层。
清洁性能测试：
本测试方法通过(1)测试样品受灰尘污渍污染前后的光泽度来评价样品的抗灰性能；(2)测试样品受油污污染前及清洗后的光泽度和色差，来评价样品的油污清洁效果。
测试A：抗灰性能
使用光泽度测试仪器检测样品污染前的光泽度G1，然后在样品上撒满干燥的灰尘污渍，并使用光泽度测试仪器检测样品污染后的光泽度G2。
计算光泽度变化率G＝(G1-G2)/G1×100％，G值越小说明污染后的光泽度变化不大，抗灰性能好。
测试B：油污污渍清洁效果
使用光泽度测试仪器检测样品污染前的光泽度H1，然后在样品上撒满油污污渍，采用清洗机在清洗剂的水溶液中进行清洗，并使用光泽度测试仪器检测样品清洗后的光泽度H2。
计算光泽度变化率H＝(H1-H2)/H1×100％，H值越小说明清洗后的光泽度变化不大，清洁效果好。
使用色差仪检测样品污染前的色差(L，a，b)，以及上述方法污染并清洗后的色差(L’，a’，b’)，计算
Delta E＝((L-L’)2+(a-a’)2+(b-b’)2)1/2
Delta E值越小说明易清洗干净。
样品1：根据实施例3的制备方法制得结构如实施例2的易清洁保护膜，具体的，PVC流延膜的厚度为50μm，聚氨酯层的厚度为30μm，二氧化硅层的厚度为260nm，二氧化硅的粒径为 2nm；
样品2：根据实施例3的制备方法制得结构如实施例2的易清洁保护膜，具体的，PVC流延膜的厚度为100μm，聚氨酯层的厚度为5μm，易清洁层的厚度为150nm，二氧化硅粒子的粒径为 2nm；
样品3：根据实施例3的制备方法制得结构如实施例2的易清洁保护膜，具体的，PVC流延膜的厚度为80μm，聚氨酯层的厚度为75μm，易清洁层的厚度为100nm，二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm。
样品4：市售的油漆与PU的复合保护膜(商品名为Xpel Lux)；
样品5：透明PVC膜与氟橡胶(KelF)/丙烯酸树脂涂料的复合保护膜(商品名为8528)；
样品6：透明PVC膜(商品名为8519，)；
样品7：涂于铝面板上的高光泽的溶剂型涂料。
根据本实用新型公开的清洁性能测试方法分别对样品1～7 进行测试，抗灰性能测试结果记录于表2，油污污渍清洁效果测试结果记录于表3中。
表2
表3
从以上清洁性能测试数据结果中，可以看出：根据本实用新型公开的易清洁保护膜有较好的抗灰性能、并且在受油污污染后，进行简单清洗即可使得易清洁保护膜的表面恢复如初。易清洁层的厚度对于清洁效果有一定影响。
二氧化硅层粘合能力测试：
样品8：将透明PVC流延膜在200mj/cm2条件下进行电晕处理(corona treatment)，然后在该透明PVC流延膜表面形成二氧化硅层。其中，PVC流延膜厚度为50μm，二氧化硅层的厚度为 200nm，二氧化硅的粒径为2nm。
样品9：在透明PVC流延膜上形成聚氨酯层，然后形成二氧化硅层。其中，PVC流延膜的厚度为50μm，聚氨酯层的厚度为 30μm，二氧化硅层的厚度为260nm，二氧化硅的粒径为2nm。
样品10：根据实施例3的制备方法制得结构如实施例2的易清洁保护膜。其中，PVC流延膜的厚度为50μm，聚氨酯层的厚度为30μm，二氧化硅层的厚度为360nm，二氧化硅的粒径为2nm。
使用接触角检测仪器，先对样品8～10分别进行初始接触角检测，然后采用棉布分别对样品8～10摩擦100次，200次，300 次，1000次后再进行接触角检测，实验结果见表4。
表4
初始接触角 摩擦100次后 摩擦200次后 摩擦300次后 摩擦1000次后
样品8 32～39 76～81 --- --- ---
样品9 31～32 19～20 57～62 --- ---
样品10 32～33 36～37 22～24 14～15 21～23
表4样品8中“---”代表在在摩擦100次以后，接触角明显变大，产品涂层效果失效，无须继续进行进一步摩擦测试。样品9 中“---”含义类似。
从以上测试数据结果中，可以看出样品10二氧化硅层粘合能力最佳。在PVC膜和二氧化硅层之间设有由聚氨酯构成的结合层，能够防止易清洁保护膜在经过反复冲洗、摩擦、清洁后，二氧化硅粒子掉落，从而增长易清洁保护膜的使用寿命。
实施例4：
本实施例提供一种基板组件，包括基底，所述基底上设有由涂料形成的涂层，所述涂层上贴附有上述实施例的易清洁保护膜。
实施例5：
本实施例提供一种基板组件，包括基底，所述基底上贴附有上述实施例的易清洁保护膜。
具体的，实施例4和实施例5的基底可以由金属材料构成，也可以由其它非金属材料构成；更具体的，所述基底可以是汽车、摩托车、高铁、地铁等交通工具的车体，也可以是其它暴露应用于非洁净环境的基材。
其中，实施例4和实施例5的基板组件的表面被灰尘、油污污染后，进行简单清洗即可将灰尘和油污清洗干净。
显然，上述各实施例的具体实施方式还可进行许多变化；例如：易清洁层、结合层的厚度可以根据需要进行调整，结合层的具体材料可以根据实际产品进行选择。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本实用新型的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本实用新型并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本实用新型的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (11)

1.一种易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，包括聚氯乙烯底膜和设于聚氯乙烯底膜一侧的由二氧化硅粒子构成的易清洁层；所述聚氯乙烯底膜与易清洁层之间还设有结合层，所述聚氯乙烯底膜与易清洁层通过结合层粘结在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述聚氯乙烯底膜的厚度为50μm-100μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述易清洁层的厚度为150nm-1μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm-100nm。
5.根据权利要求4所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述二氧化硅粒子的粒径为2nm-10nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述结合层由聚氨酯构成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述结合层的厚度为5μm-75μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述聚氯乙烯底膜远离所述易清洁层的一面设有压敏胶黏剂层。
9.根据权利要求8所述的易清洁保护膜，其特征在于，所述压敏胶黏剂层远离所述聚氯乙烯底膜的一面上还设有离型层。
10.一种基板组件，包括基底，所述基底上设有由涂料形成的涂层，其特征在于，所述涂层上贴附有权利要求1-9任一项所述的易清洁保护膜。
11.一种基板组件，包括基底，所述基底上贴附有权利要求1-9任一项所述的易清洁保护膜。
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