CN208113549U - A kind of Chinese gooseberry dual-layer shelf - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese gooseberry dual-layer shelf Download PDFInfo
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- CN208113549U CN208113549U CN201820623394.XU CN201820623394U CN208113549U CN 208113549 U CN208113549 U CN 208113549U CN 201820623394 U CN201820623394 U CN 201820623394U CN 208113549 U CN208113549 U CN 208113549U
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- 244000298697 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002355 dual-layer Substances 0.000 title 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000009434 Actinidia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种猕猴桃双层棚架,包括设有上、下横梁的支撑架,多个支撑架平行排列形成具有双层架面的棚架,所述棚架下层架面顺着垄的长度方向设有若干根平行的当年结果枝拉线,所述棚架上层架面位于垄沟中间位置的上方、顺着垄的长度方向设有若干根平行的次年结果枝拉线,在当年结果枝拉线与次年结果枝拉线的垂线上设有若干根斜拉的牵引攀爬拉线。本实用新型通过牵引攀爬拉线将次年结果枝牵引到棚架上层,形成遮荫层,同时将当年结果枝与次年结果枝分开,便于冬季剪枝和管理,对于猕猴桃新建园和盛果期果园极具推广价值;棚架的上方布设有旋转喷灌头,在极端高温或极端低温时可以调节猕猴桃叶片和果实的表面温度,降低损失,提高果农的经济收入。
A double-layer scaffolding for kiwifruit, comprising a support frame with upper and lower beams, a plurality of support frames are arranged in parallel to form a scaffold with a double-layer frame surface, and the lower frame surface of the scaffold is arranged along the length direction of the ridge. A number of parallel pull lines for fruiting branches of the current year, the upper shelf surface of the scaffold is located above the middle position of the furrow, and several parallel pulling lines for the fruiting branches of the next year are arranged along the length direction of the ridge. The vertical line of the branch stay wire is provided with several inclined-stayed traction and climbing stay wires. The utility model pulls the fruiting branches of the next year to the upper layer of the scaffold by pulling the climbing cable to form a shade layer, and at the same time separates the fruiting branches of the current year from the fruiting branches of the next year, which is convenient for pruning and management in winter. The orchard is of great promotional value; the top of the scaffolding is equipped with a rotating sprinkler head, which can adjust the surface temperature of kiwifruit leaves and fruits in extremely high or low temperatures, reduce losses and increase the economic income of fruit farmers.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种农作物棚架,具体涉及一种猕猴桃双层棚架。The utility model relates to a scaffold for agricultural crops, in particular to a double-layer scaffold for kiwi fruit.
背景技术Background technique
猕猴桃是喜荫植物,适度遮荫更有利于猕猴桃的生长。目前常用的猕猴桃架主要是单层平棚架、T形架,猕猴桃枝叶全部缠绕在棚架上,通风效果和透光效果都很差,在炎热的夏天很容易将枝叶晒死,不利于猕猴桃的生长;同时当年的结果枝和次年结果枝混杂在一起,冬季修剪难度大,费时费力。Kiwi is a shade-loving plant, and moderate shade is more conducive to the growth of kiwi. At present, the commonly used kiwifruit racks are mainly single-layer flat sheds and T-shaped racks. The kiwifruit branches and leaves are all wrapped around the sheds, and the ventilation and light transmission effects are very poor. At the same time, the fruiting branches of the current year and the fruiting branches of the next year are mixed together, and the pruning in winter is difficult and time-consuming.
2011年9月14日公告的授权公告号为CN 201967439 U的《猕猴桃双层棚架》,针对猕猴桃种植采用双层棚架,棚架的架面采用横向拉线和纵向拉线形成网格式顶棚,这样能有效增加棚架的通风性和透光性,能够增加猕猴桃产量,最大可提高40%左右,且能够在上层拉线上加盖遮阳网,使得在炎热的夏天能够将猕猴桃枝叶保护,使其不被太阳晒死。The authorized announcement number of the announcement on September 14, 2011 is CN 201967439 U's "kiwifruit double-layer scaffolding". A double-layer scaffolding is used for kiwifruit planting. It can effectively increase the ventilation and light transmittance of the scaffolding, and can increase the yield of kiwi fruit, which can be increased by about 40% at most. It can also be covered with a sunshade net on the upper pull wire, so that the kiwi fruit branches and leaves can be protected in hot summer, so that it does not Burned to death by the sun.
但是这种双层棚架在具体实践中依然存在高温时缺乏技术降温措施,在高温高光照地区,夏季雌株猕猴桃叶片和果实依然会受到高温强光的影响,导致产量降低、口感差;同时采用这种网格式结构的棚架不利于猕猴桃冬季的修剪。However, this kind of double-layer scaffold still lacks technical cooling measures at high temperature in practice. In high temperature and high light areas, the leaves and fruits of female kiwifruit plants in summer will still be affected by high temperature and strong light, resulting in reduced yield and poor taste; The trellis with this grid structure is not conducive to the pruning of kiwifruit in winter.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种猕猴桃双层棚架,以解决现有技术中猕猴桃在高温或极端低温条件下种植产量低,冬季修剪难、生产成本高的问题。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kiwifruit double-layer scaffold to solve the problems in the prior art that the kiwifruit is planted under high temperature or extremely low temperature conditions, the yield is low, the pruning is difficult in winter, and the production cost is high.
为此本实用新型的技术方案为:一种猕猴桃双层棚架,包括左、右立柱,左、右立柱通过上、下横梁固定连接形成支撑架,支撑架设有多组并平行排列共同构成具有双层架面的棚架,上、下横梁上设有多个供拉线穿过的拉线孔,所述棚架架设在多条猕猴桃种植垄的上方,其特征在于:所述支撑架垂直于垄的长度方向设置,For this reason the technical scheme of the present utility model is: a kind of kiwifruit double-layer scaffolding, comprises left and right column, and left and right column is fixedly connected to form support frame by upper and lower beam, and support frame is provided with multiple groups and is arranged in parallel to form a For the scaffolding with double-layer surface, the upper and lower beams are provided with a plurality of cable holes for the cables to pass through, and the scaffolding is erected above a plurality of kiwi fruit planting ridges, and the feature is that the support frame is perpendicular to the ridges. The length direction setting of
所述棚架下层架面顺着垄的长度方向设有若干根平行的当年结果枝拉线,当年结果枝拉线固定在首尾支撑架的下横梁上,并从中间支撑架的下横梁拉线孔穿过;The lower frame surface of the scaffold is provided with a number of parallel current-year fruiting branch stays along the length direction of the ridge, and the current year's fruiting branch stays are fixed on the lower beams of the head and tail support frames, and pass through the lower beam stays of the middle support frame. ;
所述棚架上层架面位于垄沟中间位置的上方、顺着垄的长度方向设有若干根平行的次年结果枝拉线,次年结果枝拉线固定在首尾支撑架的上横梁上,并从中间支撑架的上横梁拉线孔穿过;The upper shelf surface of the scaffold is located above the middle position of the furrow, along the length direction of the ridge, several parallel next-year fruiting branch stays are arranged. The cable hole of the upper beam of the support frame passes through;
所述棚架下层架面的当年结果枝拉线与棚架上层架面的次年结果枝拉线的垂线方向上设有若干根牵引攀爬拉线,且牵引攀爬拉线与下层架面的夹角呈45°设置,牵引攀爬拉线一端固定在当年结果枝拉线上、另一端固定在次年结果枝拉线上。Several traction climbing stays are arranged in the perpendicular direction between the current year’s fruiting branch stays on the lower shelf surface of the scaffold and the next year’s fruiting branch stays on the scaffold’s upper shelf surface, and the included angle between the traction climbing stays and the lower shelf surface is It is set at 45°, and one end of the traction and climbing guy wire is fixed on the guy wire of the fruiting branch of the current year, and the other end is fixed on the guy wire of the fruiting branch of the next year.
作为优选,所述棚架下层架面距离垄面的高度为1.9m。Preferably, the height of the lower shelf surface of the scaffold from the ridge surface is 1.9m.
作为优选,所述棚架上层架面距离垄面的高度为3.8m。Preferably, the height of the upper shelf surface of the scaffold from the ridge surface is 3.8m.
作为优选,相邻的两根当年结果枝拉线之间的距离为0.5m。As a preference, the distance between two adjacent current-year fruiting branch stay wires is 0.5m.
作为优选,相邻的两根次年结果枝拉线之间的距离为4.5m。As a preference, the distance between the two adjacent next-year fruiting branches is 4.5m.
作为优选,相邻的两根牵引攀爬拉线之间的距离为0.3m。Preferably, the distance between two adjacent traction climbing cables is 0.3m.
作为优选,所述棚架的上方布设有旋转喷灌头。Preferably, a rotary sprinkler head is arranged above the scaffolding.
作为优选,所述棚架的上层架面上设有透光率为60%的遮阳网。As a preference, a sunshade net with a light transmittance of 60% is provided on the upper shelf surface of the scaffold.
有益效果:Beneficial effect:
本实用新型采用牵引攀爬拉线将次年结果枝牵引到上层棚面,对下层棚面上的叶片和果实形成自然遮荫,降低高光照对猕猴桃果实的灼伤,减少猕猴桃园区内的水分散失,改变了猕猴桃园区的温度;将次年结果枝固定到牵引攀爬线及上层棚面,有利于枝条抗风;The utility model adopts traction and climbing cables to pull the next year's fruiting branches to the upper shed surface, forming natural shade for the leaves and fruits on the lower shed surface, reducing the burn of kiwi fruits caused by high light, and reducing the water loss in the kiwi garden. Changed the temperature of the kiwi garden; fixed the fruiting branches of the next year to the traction climbing line and the upper shed surface, which is conducive to the wind resistance of the branches;
通过当年果实枝拉线和次年果实枝拉线将当年果实枝和次年果实枝分开,且采用平行拉线设计,冬季修剪时,便于将下层棚架主蔓上的结果枝全部剪去,将爬到上层棚架主蔓上的枝条放下到下层棚架上面形成次年的结果枝,减小了猕猴桃的修剪和管理难度,能够促进猕猴桃的生长和商品果率的提升;The fruit branch of the current year and the fruit branch of the next year are separated by the fruit branch of the current year and the fruit branch of the next year, and the parallel cable design is adopted. When pruning in winter, it is convenient to cut off all the fruiting branches on the main vine of the lower scaffolding, and will climb to the next year. The branches on the main vines of the upper scaffolding are lowered to the lower scaffolding to form fruiting branches in the next year, which reduces the difficulty of pruning and management of kiwifruit, and can promote the growth of kiwifruit and increase the rate of commercial fruit;
对尺寸进行限定的目的是更适应猕猴桃的生长环境,同时为了便于田间管理,适应猕猴桃的标准化生产。The purpose of limiting the size is to better adapt to the growth environment of kiwifruit, and at the same time, to facilitate field management and adapt to the standardized production of kiwifruit.
棚架的上方布设有旋转喷灌头,在极端高温或极端低温时可以喷水,有效调节猕猴桃叶片和果实的表面温度,使猕猴桃植株安全度过极端度阶段,降低猕猴桃园面对极端天气受到的损失,提高果农的经济收入。The top of the scaffold is equipped with a rotating sprinkler head, which can spray water at extreme high or low temperatures, effectively adjusting the surface temperature of kiwifruit leaves and fruits, so that kiwifruit plants can safely pass through the extreme stage, and reduce the impact of kiwifruit orchards in the face of extreme weather. Loss, improve the economic income of fruit growers.
棚架上设置透光率60%的遮阳网,主要目的是当猕猴桃幼龄生长期在35℃以上高温需要遮荫时,对猕猴桃进行遮阳,有利于幼龄树的生长。A sunshade net with a light transmittance of 60% is installed on the scaffold. The main purpose is to shade the kiwifruit from the sun when the kiwifruit is young and needs shade at a high temperature above 35°C, which is conducive to the growth of young trees.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的双层棚架结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-layer scaffolding of the present invention.
图2为本实用新型的牵引攀爬拉线与当年结果枝和次年结果枝的连接示意图。Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the connection between the pulling and climbing guy wire of the present invention and the fruiting branch of the current year and the fruiting branch of the next year.
图中所示:1、立柱;2、横梁;2-1、下横梁;2-2、上横梁;3、当年结果枝拉线;4、次年结果枝拉线;5、牵引攀爬拉线;6、旋转喷灌头。As shown in the figure: 1. Upright column; 2. Crossbeam; 2-1, Lower crossbeam; , Rotating sprinkler head.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1至图2所示:As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2:
一种猕猴桃双层棚架,包括左、右立柱1,左、右立柱1通过上、下横梁2固定连接形成支撑架,支撑架设有多组并平行排列共同构成具有双层架面的棚架,上、下横梁2上设有多个供拉线穿过的拉线孔,所述棚架架设在多条猕猴桃种植垄的上方,所述支撑架垂直于垄的长度方向设置,A double-layered kiwifruit scaffolding, comprising left and right uprights 1, the left and right uprights 1 are fixedly connected by upper and lower beams 2 to form a support frame, and multiple sets of support frames are arranged in parallel to form a scaffold with a double-layer frame surface , the upper and lower beams 2 are provided with a plurality of backguy holes for the passage of the backguy, the scaffolding is erected above a plurality of kiwi fruit planting ridges, and the support frame is arranged vertically to the length direction of the ridge,
所述棚架下层架面顺着垄的长度方向设有若干根平行的当年结果枝拉线3,当年结果枝拉线固定在首尾支撑架的下横梁2-1上,并从中间支撑架的下横梁拉线孔穿过,相邻的两根当年结果枝拉线3间的距离为0.5m,下层架面距离垄面的高度为1.9m;The lower shelf surface of the scaffold is provided with several parallel current-year fruiting branch stays 3 along the length direction of the ridge, and the current year's fruiting branch stays are fixed on the lower beams 2-1 of the front and rear support frames, and are connected from the lower beams of the middle support frame. The cable hole passes through, the distance between the two adjacent cable 3 of fruiting branches of the year is 0.5m, and the height of the lower frame surface from the ridge surface is 1.9m;
所述棚架上层架面位于垄沟中间位置的上方、顺着垄的长度方向设有若干根平行的次年结果枝拉线4,次年结果枝拉线4固定在首尾支撑架的上横梁2-2上,并从中间支撑架的上横梁拉线孔穿过,相邻的两根次年结果枝拉线4间的距离为4.5m,上层架面距离垄面的高度为3.8m;The upper shelf surface of the scaffold is located above the middle position of the ridge, and along the length direction of the ridge, several parallel next-year fruiting branch stays 4 are arranged, and the next year's fruiting branch stays 4 are fixed on the upper beam 2-2 of the head and tail support frame and pass through the cable hole of the upper beam of the middle support frame, the distance between the two adjacent next-year fruiting branch cable 4 is 4.5m, and the height of the upper frame surface from the ridge surface is 3.8m;
所述棚架下层架面的当年结果枝拉线3与棚架上层架面的次年结果枝拉线4的垂线方向上设有若干根牵引攀爬拉线5,且牵引攀爬拉线5与下层架面的夹角呈45°设置,牵引攀爬拉线4一端固定在当年结果枝拉线3上、另一端固定在次年结果枝拉线4上,相邻的两根牵引攀爬拉线5之间的距离为0.3m。Several traction climbing backguys 5 are arranged on the vertical direction of the current year result branch backguy 3 on the lower shelf surface of the scaffold and the next year result branch backguy 4 on the scaffold upper shelf, and the traction climbing backguy 5 is connected to the lower shelf. The included angle of the surface is set at 45°, one end of the traction and climbing guy wire 4 is fixed on the fruiting branch guy wire 3 of the current year, and the other end is fixed on the next year’s fruiting tree guy wire 4, the distance between two adjacent traction climbing guy wires 5 is 0.3m.
所述棚架的上方布设有旋转喷灌头6,方便调节棚架内的温度。A rotating sprinkler head 6 is arranged on the top of the scaffold, which is convenient for adjusting the temperature in the scaffold.
所述棚架上设置有透光率为60%的遮阳网,主要目的是当猕猴桃幼龄生长期在35℃以上高温需要遮荫时,对猕猴桃进行遮阳,有利于幼龄树的生长。The scaffold is provided with a sunshade net with a light transmittance of 60%, the main purpose of which is to shade the kiwifruit when the kiwifruit young growth period requires shade at a high temperature above 35°C, which is beneficial to the growth of young trees.
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Cited By (7)
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CN109566149A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-05 | 芜湖南农园艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of method that Kiwi berry prevention day with high temperature is bright |
CN109601216A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-12 | 张恩祥 | Cultivation method of kiwifruit "flat frame" |
CN109673363A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Zizyphus maurtiana net canopy and its implantation methods |
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CN119234604A (en) * | 2024-12-06 | 2025-01-03 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Kiwifruit greenhouse with rain shelter and traction functions |
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2018
- 2018-04-28 CN CN201820623394.XU patent/CN208113549U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN109601216A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-04-12 | 张恩祥 | Cultivation method of kiwifruit "flat frame" |
CN109601216B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2021-09-24 | 张恩祥 | Cultivation method of kiwifruit "flat frame" |
CN109566149A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-05 | 芜湖南农园艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of method that Kiwi berry prevention day with high temperature is bright |
CN109673363A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Zizyphus maurtiana net canopy and its implantation methods |
CN110537450A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-06 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Kiwi fruit cultivation method capable of adjusting illumination |
CN114271138A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-04-05 | 山东盛园现代农业科技发展有限公司 | Efficient cultivation technology for organic kiwi fruits |
CN117044556A (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2023-11-14 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | High branch traction planting method of actinidia chinensis |
CN119234604A (en) * | 2024-12-06 | 2025-01-03 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Kiwifruit greenhouse with rain shelter and traction functions |
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