KR102215938B1 - Cultivation equipment for hops - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention can reduce the cost of cultivation of hops by easily installing a manned boat on which hops are mounted and cutting the manned boat for harvesting hops, and at the same time, it is possible to realize an experience-type ecotourism in rural areas. To provide a cultivation facility, and also to provide a hop cultivation facility that can improve the productivity of hop cultivation by adjusting to lower the temperature to suit the growth of hops when the temperature increases in summer.
To this end, the present invention provides a pedestrian passage supported by the separate pillars after installing adjacent pillars having a lower height in addition to the traditional support pillars installed to support the strands and manned lines for cultivation of hops. In addition, a water spray mechanism for temperature control is installed on the support column.

Description

Cultivation equipment for hops

The present invention relates to a hop cultivation facility used as a raw material for beer.

Beer is a golden, transparent liquid with an alcohol content of about 4%, contains carbon dioxide gas, and has a characteristic of showing white creamy foam. These beers taste different in different regions of the world and are established as popular drinks containing alcohol. Beer is, in principle, made from natural barley, water, sugar, hops, and yeast. The malt obtained by germinating barley is steamed, hops are added thereto, and the obtained extract is fermented, aged, and adjusted to prepare.

Hops, the most important ingredient in making beer, are used to enhance the aroma, flavor, and storage of beer. The content of hops in beer is 10-40% depending on the type of product. Hops are cultivated mainly in Europe and the United States, and are rarely produced in Korea due to the influence of climatic conditions.

Hops are usually called hops, and the dried ears of female flowers of hops are used as raw materials for beer.

Hops have large and strong roots, and the height is more than 2m after 2 years of planting, and 5m or more when fully grown, and the diameter is 4~8cm. Leaves face to face and are divided into three or four pieces, but the shape is different depending on the place of growth, and there are saw teeth on the edge of the leaf.

The stem climbs while turning to the right and grows over 15m. There are many nodes on the stem, hexagonal and hollow. The color of the stem is green, reddish purple, reddish green, depending on the variety, and the nodes are about 25cm apart, and the leaf stems extend from the leaf axils of the nodes facing each other. Many bunch flowers are produced from the leaf axilla of this leaf stem.

Male flowers arise from the tip of the stem or leaf axilla, and are yellow-green small flowers with 5 stamens and 5 calyxes, and have a shape like an ear. Female flowers gather to form clusters, and 10 to 20 clusters of female flowers gather to form a raceme (總狀花序: inflorescences that bloom alternately along the flower stalk).

There are golden grains at the bottom of the inner bag of this bunch flower, which is called lupulin or hop powder. Hop cultivation is for harvesting this lupulin, so usually, only cultivation is grown without cultivation of blisters.

The lupulin of hops becomes mature grains with a scent around the 25th after flowering. Lupulin has a slightly reddish color when dry and falls off easily after hardening.

Hops were used for beer brewing in the late 8th century, and they were widely cultivated in Germany from around the 15th century. It was then introduced to the United States and is now the world's No. 1 production area.

Our country's hop cultivation began in the late 1970s, and in recent years, the production volume is slightly rising, but the demand is not yet reached. In the case of 1989, about 530 tons were produced, most of which are cultivated in a very small amount in the highlands of Gangwon-do.

Hops are climate sensitive crops, so their production is influenced by temperature, rainfall, wind, sunlight, and fog. The average temperature when growing up is about 15℃, and a place where the summer temperature does not exceed 30℃ is good. When the temperature decreases, the yield decreases. On the contrary, when the temperature is too high, the number of bunches grows and the number of clusters decreases, resulting in a significant decrease in the yield.

On the other hand, it withstands up to -50℃ in winter and is resistant to frost in spring. The amount of rainfall is 400 mm during the growing period and 700 mm per year. When there is a lot of rainfall, downy mildew occurs a lot. Especially, when it rains when flowers bloom, downy mildew not only occurs, but also the harvest is delayed, resulting in poor quality.

Therefore, there are few places in temperate or northern regions where the temperature is cool and rainfall is adequate. Korea is climatically unfavorable for cultivation of hops, but developing cultivation technology will overcome bad climatic conditions.

In this way, hops that determine the taste, aroma, and flavor of beer are vines and grow to a height of 5m or more above the ground on supports such as props, so special cultivation facilities are required.

1 and 2 show a hop cultivation facility that is conventionally installed to cultivate hops in a farm, and support pillars 10 made of metal, wood or concrete having a height of about 7 to 12 m are laid at predetermined intervals. It is installed to be arranged in a matrix shape with a depth of about 1 to 1.5 m, and the upper ends of the support columns 10 are connected using a metal pipe or a stranded wire 12, or as shown in FIG. (12) is woven horizontally and vertically to form a mesh (14), and the manned ships (16) are suspended in a row from the strands (12) of the net (14) at a predetermined interval, and the end of the manned ship (16) suspended Is buried deep in the ground so that the manned ship (16) is not violently shaken or pulled out by the wind.

After the cultivation facilities are equipped as described above, when the seeds of hops are planted along the part of the maneuvering line 16, as shown in Fig. 3 as the sprouts grow, the vines wind up the maneuvering line 16 and soar up to the sky, approximately 5~ It grows to a height of 10m (the plant that climbed the manned ship 16 in Fig. 3 is a hop).

When the hops (H) have grown to reach the upper part of the manned line (16) and flowers bloom, harvesting is carried out. When harvesting, the upper part of the manned line (16) is cut and harvested. Hops (H) are perennials (approximately 30~60 years) Since it is a plant, repetitive harvesting is possible every year if the manned ship (16) is attached and installed again.

However, as in the prior art, the work of erecting the support column 10 and installing the stranded wire 12 or the stranded wire net 14 and the manned wire 16 is a task of grabbing and tying the manned wire 16 to the stranded wire 12 located at high altitude. It is difficult, and moreover, it is necessary to repeat the operation of cutting the top of the manned ship 16 at each harvest and tying the manned ship 16 again.For this purpose, a special work vehicle equipped with an expensive ladder between the furrows as shown in FIG. 18) enters and the operator must perform the knotting or cutting of the manned ship 16 on the elevated ladder, so the expensive work vehicle 18 equipment and its maintenance, and the driver and the operator are required at the same time. There is a problem that significantly increases the cost of cultivation.

In addition, European regions such as Germany, which are advantageous for cultivation of hops, rarely exhibit high temperatures of 30℃ or higher even in summer, and are advantageous for growth of hops due to low humidity in summer, but in Korea, high temperatures of 35℃ or higher are common in summer, and the humidity is very high. Unless the problem of high temperature in the summer can be solved, the yield per unit area is very small, resulting in a high production cost, making it impossible to secure price competitiveness.This is a factor that hinders the production of high-quality beer. Has become. In fact, due to the high temperature in summer, the cultivation of hops in Korea is limited to some mountainous areas in Gangwon-do.

For this reason, in Korea, which is not competitive, all hops are imported from Europe and used for beer production.However, in the case of importing hops, the period of transport by ship is several months, and the aroma and flavor of the hops are greatly reduced during transport. There has been a problem that is an obstacle to taste improvement. However, as the production of so-called house beer, which has excellent taste and quality, is allowed to produce high-quality and expensive so-called house beer, it is possible to provide beer with excellent taste and aroma when domestic cultivation of high quality hops is possible. Has become.

Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed in consideration of the above points, and provides a hop cultivation facility capable of reducing the cost of cultivation of hops by easily installing a manned ship on which hops vines rise and cutting the manned ship for harvesting hops. There is a purpose to do.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hop cultivation facility capable of realizing an experience-type ecotourism in rural areas.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hop cultivation facility capable of improving the productivity of hop cultivation by controlling the temperature to be lowered to suit the growth of hops when the temperature increases in summer.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to install a plurality of rows of support pillars 5 to 12m high from the ground at predetermined intervals, and connect the upper portions between the support pillars with a strand or strand on a horizontal plane. In a hop cultivation facility in which a plurality of manned ships that induce the vines of the hops to ride up on the ground are suspended from the strand to the ground by crossing them horizontally and vertically, in a spaced position adjacent to the support columns It is formed to a height smaller than the top height of the wire, but installs a plurality of workbench installation pillars having a height lower than the height of the worker from the strand by adding 10 to 30cm to the height of the worker, and the worker walks on the upper side of the workbench installation pillars. It is characterized in that a walking path capable of performing the work of hanging the manned ship on the steel strand is installed.

According to the present invention, a hose is disposed along the upper side of the support pillars or the upper side of the workbench installation column, and the hose cools the temperature by spraying water supplied from the pump to the surrounding when the temperature reaches a set upper limit temperature. It is characterized in that a plurality of injection holes are provided.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the hop cultivation site is detected by a temperature sensor, and the controller automatically drives the pump to control the supply of water to the hose.

In the present invention, a column for installation of a workbench having a height lower than the height of the support columns, which is 10 to 30 cm higher than the height of the support columns, is installed in a row at predetermined intervals. , A walking path (workbench) is installed at the top of the column for installing the workbench, and a manned ship made of vegetable fibers on the strand (or pipe) passing the position above the worker's head while the worker moves along the walking path. Since it is possible to perform the work of tying the manned ship, it is possible to conveniently perform the work of tying or cutting manned ships without the provision of a special vehicle equipped with a ladder for knotting the manned ship at high altitude, and the operation of the car and maintenance personnel. In addition, this walking path can be used as a travel path for tourists as a part of an ecotourism program that can observe the growth process of hops as well as function as a workbench, thus contributing to the improvement of rural economy.

In addition, a hose for water spraying is provided at the top of the support column for installing the stranded wire. In the midday when the summer temperature rises, water is sprayed in the mist to reduce the surrounding temperature. It has the effect of increasing productivity and quality by maintaining the growing environment optimally.

1 is a view showing a conventional hop cultivation facility, a view showing a state in which the strands are installed on support columns.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a conventional hop cultivation facility, and is a view showing a state in which a strand is installed on support pillars and a manned wire is suspended from the strand.
3 is a photograph showing an actual state in which hops are cultivated through a conventional hop cultivation facility.
4 is an actual field photograph showing a working process of knotting and connecting a manned line to a steel wire using a conventional elevated ladder vehicle.
Figure 5 is a schematic view showing a state as viewed from one side of the farm (hop) cultivation facility according to the present invention.
6 is a schematic view showing a hop cultivation facility according to the present invention in a perspective view.
7 is a schematic diagram showing a situation in which a manned line is tied to a stranded line while moving along the walking path as an operator rises on a walking path (worktable) in the hop cultivation facility according to the present invention.
8 is a view showing a state in which the ambient temperature is lowered by spraying water by operating a water spray device when the temperature increases in summer.
9 is a temperature control control diagram of the hop cultivation site of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments of the present invention are provided to more completely describe the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the following examples may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is as follows. It is not limited to the examples. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure more faithful and complete, and to completely convey the spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

In addition, in the following drawings, the thickness or size of each member is exaggerated for convenience and clarity of description, and the same reference numerals refer to the same elements in the drawings.

The terms used in this specification are used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the singular form may include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates another case. Also, as used herein, “comprise” and/or “comprising” specify the presence of the mentioned shapes, numbers, steps, actions, members, elements and/or groups thereof. And does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other shapes, numbers, actions, members, elements and/or groups.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a hop cultivation facility according to the present invention as viewed from one direction of a farm, and FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a hop cultivation facility according to the present invention in perspective form, and FIG. 7 Is a schematic diagram showing a situation in which, in the hop cultivation facility according to the present invention, a worker climbs on a walking path (workbench) and moves along the walking path while knotting and connecting a manned line to a strand. And FIG. 8 is a view showing a state in which the ambient temperature is lowered by spraying water by actuating a water spraying device when the temperature increases in summer.

When the facility for cultivating hops will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8, a plurality of rows are installed by erecting a support column 10 having a height of 5 to 12 m from the ground at predetermined intervals in the hop cultivation area, the support column 10 Silver can be formed of wood or steel beam members, or concrete posts like telephone poles.

The support pillar 10 is preferably driven deeply under the ground at a depth of 5 to 8 m in the above-ground part of the total height, and a sufficient depth to maintain solidity even by winds such as severe typhoons at the lower part, for example, 1 to 2 m, It varies depending on the area of cultivation or the shape of the land, but, for example, it is installed in a matrix (grid) form (see Fig. 2) to maintain an interval of 5 to 10 m in width and 5 to 10 m in length.

When the support column 10 is installed, a furrow 20 is formed in the field to facilitate drainage, and the soil is raised high between the furrows 20 to make the furrow 22, and the furrow 22 It is preferable to erect a support column 20 on the ground, and cover the field ridge 22 with a vinyl protective film to prevent the generation of grass when growing hops later.

A stranded wire 12 made by twisting several strands of wire with an anchor, etc. attached to the upper part of the support column 10 (or a metal pipe may be installed instead of the stranded wire, but it is possible to construct a flexible and high tensile strength wire) Hereinafter, the'stranded wire' is also used in the sense of including a metal pipe) by posting an attachment so as to extend in a line, or installing it in a net form (lattice form) by woven horizontally and vertically.

The stranded wire 12 is formed to have a tensile strength sufficient to withstand the load applied by the hanging hops vertically downward, that is, the total weight of the hops grown until the harvest time, and the outer periphery of the hops can prevent corrosion from moisture. It may be wrapped or coated with a synthetic resin coating.

In addition, as the cultivated hop (H) grows, maneuvering lines 16, which serve as guide posts that are wound up in a spiral, are hung on the river line 12, and the hops grow to a height of 6-10m along the manned line 16. do. The manned ships 16 are preferably made of natural vegetable materials, for example, woven from hemp fiber or coconut fiber, rather than synthetic resin yarns such as nylon yarns that do not decompose and cause environmental pollution. Do.

The manned wire 16 binds the upper end to the stranded wire 12 so that the knot does not become loose even under strong rain and wind, and the lower end is buried in the ground. Using a special insertion mechanism, the extra length portion, that is, the lower end, is buried in the ground. Insert it like a puncture, but bury it in the ground with tension applied so that the manned ship (16) maintains some tension.

A height smaller than the top height of the support pillar 10 is formed at a spaced position adjacent to the support pillars 10, but maintains a predetermined distance from the stranded wire with a height lower than the height of the worker plus 10 to 30 cm To install at least two or more columns for installing a plurality of work tables (24). For example, if a farm worker who grows hops is 170 cm tall, the height is as low as 180–200 cm plus 10–30 cm to enable hand work by raising the arm toward the sky, for example, support from the ground. If the vertical height of the column 10 is 7m, a predetermined distance along one side of the support column 10 to form a row of 5m 20cm-5m height lower than the 7m by 180-200cm. Install it by driving it on the ground.

The workbench installation pillar 24 is made of metal, wood, or concrete pillars, and a pedestrian passage 26 through which a worker can travel is provided at the upper end thereof.

The walking passage 26 is formed of a floor plate member 28 formed so as not to interfere with the worker's walking, and a safety fence 30 that can prevent safety accidents such as falls of the worker walking at an altitude of 5m or more, Although not shown, a pedestrian passage connecting the pedestrian passages in neighboring rows may be installed. In addition, the pedestrian passage 26 may be constructed in the form of a cable-stayed bridge by erecting two columns for installation of work tables like piers at both ends of the hop cultivation area, and using cables, or Of course, it can also be formed in the same shape.

In addition, although the illustration has been omitted to avoid complication, a ladder or staircase is connected to at least one place of the pedestrian passage 26 so as to move up and down from the ground.

As can be seen in Figures 5 and 8, the present invention is provided with a temperature control mechanism of the hop (H) cultivation, for this purpose, the upper side of the support pillars 10, or the upper side of the workbench installation pillar 24 Accordingly, a hose 32 as a water injection mechanism is provided, and the hose 32 is pumped by the pump 36 from the reservoir 34 when the temperature reaches a set upper limit temperature, for example 30°C. A plurality of spray holes 40 for cooling the temperature by spraying water 38 in a misty form are provided.

The temperature control mechanism (32, 34, 36) as described above is a different concept and function from a sprinkler or dropper that supplies water for the purpose of growth of hops (H), and supplies water for growth of hops (H). Silver is supplied directly to the ground so that the ground is wetted so that it is supplied to the roots, but the temperature control mechanism (32, 34, 36) removes the ground from a high altitude in order to effectively lower the ambient temperature when a high temperature that causes problems in the growth of hops occurs. By spraying water in the form of mist toward the water, it takes the latent heat of evaporation from the heated air in the process of falling and lowers the temperature by taking the latent heat of evaporation from the heated air and reducing the temperature, effectively eliminating the high temperature problem in summer, which adversely affects the growth of hops. It is a device to control. Therefore, although not shown, a separate water supply device such as a dropper that periodically supplies water for growth of the hops H is installed on the ground.

In this invention, when sowing the hops (H), the operator first climbs a ladder (not shown) to the walking path (worktable 26) with a bundle of manned ships 16, and one end of the manned ship 16 as shown in FIG. 16a, upper part) is tied tightly so as not to be loosened to the stranded wire 12, and the other end (16a, lower end) is drooped down on the ground. At this time, the length of the manned line 16 is stretched at least about 1 to 3m longer than the height from the stranded line 12 to the ground, and this extra stretched length part is buried in the ground using a special special device.

When the lower end (16a) of the manned ship 16 is placed on the ground, the manned ship 16 is placed in a state such that a somewhat tight tension with a certain amount of tension is felt, and at this time, it can be installed vertically with respect to the ground. However, it is recommended to set the knot point at the top in a form having a 3-15° inclination in one direction based on the growth point where the hops sprout from the ground. This is because the next manned ship 16 is installed so as to have a 3 to 15° inclination in the opposite direction, so that the manned ships 16 arranged in order at the front and back when viewed from the front appear in a V-shape. The reason 16) is hypothesized to form a V-shape is to prevent the neighbors from interfering with each other when the hop (H) climbs the manned ship (16).

As such, the present invention allows the operator to safely connect all manned ships 16 while moving along the pedestrian passage 26 installed in the air, so it is possible to operate without requiring expensive ladder vehicles and separate vehicle maintenance personnel. The manned ship 16 can be knotted well.

On the other hand, when the hop (H) winds up the manned ship (16) and grows sufficiently and flowers bloom, the hop (H) is harvested. Even at this time, the worker climbs the walking path (26) and moves along the walking path (workbench). If the top of the manned ship 16 is cut with a cutting tool (scissors, etc.), the manned ship will fall to the ground and reap the hops. After that or the following year, the worker will Is to go up the pedestrian passage (26) again and perform the wiring knot work of the manned line (16), and the cutting and wiring work of the manned line (16) are repeated every year.

On the other hand, Figure 9 is a temperature control control diagram of the cultivation of hops, in the summer in the growth process of hops (H), for example, when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃ (set between 30 ~ 35 ℃) set as the upper temperature limit The sensor 42 detects the current temperature and transmits it to the control unit 44, and the control unit 44 determines that the detected temperature satisfies the upper limit condition and supplies power to the pump 36 to drain water from the reservoir 34. It is pumped up and automatically sprayed through the spray holes 40 of the hose 32 to evaporate, thereby lowering the ambient temperature.

Another advantage of the present invention according to such a configuration is that hops (h) grow to a huge height to reach sky-high and high, unlike other vine plants, so that themselves can be curious tourism products. As this is encouraged and activated, visitors for rural experiences can observe hops (H) crops cultivated through pedestrian pathways (26) located in high altitude, so that they can enjoy the atmosphere of a floating garden. It has the advantage of being able to secure separate profitability from the company.

It is clear that the present invention is also applied to a cultivation facility that forms a manned line for the role of a prop in a vine plant that climbs high on a prop even if the cultivated crop is not a hop.

Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any form, and simple modifications, equivalent changes or changes made by those skilled in the art using the technical content disclosed above are all of the present invention. It is in the scope of protection.

10: support pillar
12: stranded wire
14: net
16: Yoo In-seon
18: high ladder vehicle
20: field mock
22: furrow
24: Pillar for worktop installation
26: pedestrian passage (workbench)
28: bottom plate member
30: safety fence
32: hose
34: reservoir
36: pump
38: water
40: water spray hole
42: temperature sensor
44: control unit
32,34,38,42,44: temperature control device

Claims (3)

A plurality of rows of support pillars 5 to 12 m high from the ground at predetermined intervals are installed on the ground, and the upper portions between the support pillars are connected with a strand wire or a net is formed by crossing the strands horizontally and vertically on a horizontal plane, In the hop cultivation facility in which a plurality of manned ships for guiding the vine stalks of hops to ride up are suspended from the strand to the ground,
At a spaced position adjacent to the support pillars, a height smaller than the upper end of the support pillars, and a fixed installation on the ground at a predetermined distance across the entire section of the support pillars, in parallel with the support pillars, 10 A walk capable of performing the work of attaching the manned ship to the strand while installing a plurality of worktable installation posts with a height lower than the height of ~30cm, and while an operator walks over the entire section on the upper side of the worktable installation posts Hop cultivation facility, characterized in that the passage is installed. The method of claim 1,
A hose is provided along the upper side of the support pillars or the upper side of the worktable installation pillars, and a plurality of spray holes for cooling the temperature by spraying water supplied from the pump around the hose when the temperature reaches a set upper limit temperature Hop cultivation equipment, characterized in that they are provided. The method of claim 2,
A hop cultivation facility, characterized in that the temperature of the hop cultivation site is detected by a temperature sensor and the control unit automatically drives the pump to supply water to the hose.

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