CN206512110U - A kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN206512110U CN206512110U CN201720113293.3U CN201720113293U CN206512110U CN 206512110 U CN206512110 U CN 206512110U CN 201720113293 U CN201720113293 U CN 201720113293U CN 206512110 U CN206512110 U CN 206512110U
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- aerobic fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer, belongs to solid organic castoff aerobic compost process field.A kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer, including:Device body, is divided into upper and lower two parts, top is divided into compost reative cell, and bottom is divided into air compartment by its internal perforated plate by described device body;Charging aperture and gas outlet are respectively equipped with the top of the compost reative cell;The outer wall of the compost reative cell is provided with temperature control plate, and the temperature control plate connects temperature controller;The bottom of the air compartment is provided with discharge outlet;One side wall of the air compartment is provided with air inlet, and the air inlet connects air blower by blast pipe, and the air blower connects air velocity transducer, and the air velocity transducer connects Wind-speed controller;The temperature controller and Wind-speed controller are all connected with master controller, and the master controller connects touch screen.The utility model is simple in construction, easy to use, and improves the fermentation efficiency of compost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer, belongs to solid organic castoff aerobic
Compost treatment field.
Background technology
Compost is generally divided into aerobic compost and anaerobic composting.Aerobic compost is the decomposition of the organic matter in the case where there is Oxygen Condition
Journey, aerobic bacteria is absorbed to waste, aoxidized, decomposed, and its metabolite is mainly carbon dioxide, water and heat;Anaerobic composting is
Organic matter decomposition is carried out under anoxic conditions, and the last metabolite of anaerobic digestion is methane, carbon dioxide and many low molecules
The intermediate product of amount, such as organic acid.Anaerobic composting is compared with aerobic compost, the energy of the organic matter degradation generation of Unit Weight
Amount is less, and anaerobic composting is typically easy to produce stink.For these reasons, almost all of compost engineering system is all used
Aerobic compost.Composting process can reach the purpose of pathogen and weed seed in composting material in preferable raw material dehydration, killing,
The cost of this method processing is relatively low, and the complete compost after processing can reach innoxious requirement, if be further added by certain follow-up
The fertile technique of system, finished product can direct land use.
The process of good sample compost typically divides three phases:1) temperature rise period refers generally to the initial stage of composting process, in the stage,
Heap temperature progressively rises to 45 DEG C or so from environment temperature, dominates microorganism based on mesophilic property microorganism, including fungi, thin
Bacterium and actinomyces, decompose substrate based on carbohydrate and starch.2) temperature rise of hot stage heap is to enter high temperature rank to more than 45 DEG C
Section, in this stage, mesophilic microorganism is suppressed even death, and thermophilic microorganism then rises to leading microorganism.Compost
Middle residual and the soluble organic matter that is newly formed, which continue to be oxidized, to be decomposed, complicated organic matter such as hemicellulose, cellulose and
Protein is also begun to by intensive decomposition.The activity of microorganism is also what is be alternately present, generally most active at 50 DEG C or so to be
Thermophilic fungi and actinomyces, fungi is almost stopped action completely when temperature rises to 60 DEG C, only thermophilic bacteria and unwrapping wire
Bacterium activity, temperature when being raised to 70 DEG C most of thermophilic microorganisms no longer adapt to, and roll into the dead and dormant stage.It is existing
The optimum temperature that generationization compost is produced is generally 55 DEG C, because most of microbe is most active within the range, most easily divides
Organic matter is solved, most of parasitic ovum and pathogenic microorganism therein can be killed.3) temperature-fall period hot stage is necessarily caused
The death and activity reduction of microorganism, enter cold stage naturally.In this stage, mesophilic property microorganism starts to occupy excellent again
Gesture, it is further to the organic matter of remaining more difficult decomposition to be decomposed, but microbial activity is generally reduced, and heap body caloric value is reduced,
Temperature is begun to decline, and tending towards stability of organic matter, oxygen demand greatly reduces, and compost, which enters, to become thoroughly decomposed or the after-ripening stage.
The oxygen supply of aerobic compost mainly has static air blast oxygen supply and dynamic to turn over throwing oxygen supply two ways, air blower aeration aerating
It is constantly to transmit air to heap body using the airduct for being located at compost material bottom, reaches the purpose of oxygenation.It is profit to turn over throwing oxygenation
Material is set to carry out short-time contact with air with turner operation, so as to supplement partial oxidation.Two kinds of oxygenation modes respectively have its excellent
Shortcoming:The time of blast aeration oxygenation is long, and the oxygenation time is more flexible, can carry out oxygen supply at any time as needed, especially
It is that under the monitoring and aerobic condition using automatic monitored control system progress oxygen, can at any time be entered according to the oxygen Expenditure Levels of heap body
Row aeration aerating, it is ensured that the sufficient supply of heap body oxygen, so as to prevent heap body from the smelly possibility of anaerobism occur, it is ensured that plant area
Environmental sanitation.But, if aeration excess or continuous aeration, not only the damage of amount of heat in heap body can be caused because ventilation is excessive
Lose, cause heap temperature to decline, while can also increase energy consumption.Therefore, ventilation time should be in good time, and ventilation also must be suitable,
Can not too greatly or very little.Turn over throwing oxygenation then to be turned over the contact in a flash with air of throwing using material and realize oxygenation, turn over throwing and fill
Oxygen can guarantee that the uniform of whole heap body, it is to avoid the dead angle in fermentation cabin, but it is short to turn over the throwing oxygenation time, and turns over throwing number of times daily
All there is serious oxygen oxygen supply in limited (typically daily can only turning and throwing once), the most of the time in composting process not enough
Problem.Because in the Rapid Fermentation stage of compost, oxygen consumption is very fast, sometimes can be so that the oxygen of heap body in half an hour
Concentration drops to the oxygen threshold (7%~8%) for producing the foul smell such as hydrogen sulfide.Therefore, only relied in composting process turn over throw into
Row oxygenation, then inevitably leading to the most of the time has anaerobism, so as to cause the environmental sanitation of stench and mosquitos and flies
Problem, and frequently turn in the compost megathermal period throwing and can cause the volatilization of a large amount of ammonias.Aerobic compost is tested and engineering operation shows:
Initial stage and mid-term in compost, the keto consumpting speed of aerobic fermentation is quickly;Particularly in hot stage, make by the oxygenation of turner
With requirement can not be met, therefore the long-term anaerobism period occurs, so as to cause the generation of stench and mosquitos and flies problem, while significantly
The stability of degree reduction compost.Throwing effect is turned over due to turner, the temperature in heap body can be caused to be rapidly decreased to room by high temperature
Temperature, changes heap temperature indention, destroys preferable aerobic fermentation temperature heating and keeps process, is unfavorable for realizing compost
Sterilizing and kill the process of the innoxious process such as weed seed, and be unfavorable for playing the fast degradation of hot stage microorganism
Function.
The oxygen monitoring of composting process and control:Oxygen is to influence the important parameter of microbial activity and composting process, is filled
The oxygen of foot is to ensure the necessary condition that aerobic composting process is smoothly completed.Using compost oxygen, temperature automatic on-line monitoring dress
Monitoring heap body oxygen content situation is put, compost state can be clearly judged, foundation is provided for the control of air blower.Compost initial stage
(detonation phase and temperature raising period) micro organism quantity is less, activity is relatively low, and heap body is little to the demand of oxygen, this stage air blast strategy
Oxygen content situation using heap body is foundation, preferably using small air quantity air blast, in order to avoid take away heap body heat content;When temperature is increased to high temperature
After phase, microorganism obtains amount reproduction, and activity is also higher, and OUR is very fast, and this stage easily uses the larger blow rate required, with band
Heap body moisture is walked, the oxygen of abundance is provided for heap body;After heap body enters cooldown period, the temperature reduction of heap body, to oxygen
Demand reduce, this stage using aeration aerating with turn over throwing be oxygenated be combined by the way of.
The temperature monitoring of composting process and control:Heap temperature is another important indicator of high temperature aerobic composting.It is closed
The innoxious degree such as fermenting speed, stabilization effect, dewatering efficiency, sterilizing and the bioinactivation being tied in composting process.In height
Thermophilic high temperature microbe in thermophase, heap body can be with amount reproduction, and the biodegradable efficiency of thermophilic high temperature microbe is than other micro- lifes
Thing is high, and high temperature not only contributes to accelerate composting process, and is conducive to the weed seed that sterilizes and kill, therefore is compost hazard-free
The stage of most critical in processing.But, if heap temperature is too high, all microorganisms can be caused all to be killed or dormancy,
So as to reduce the fermentation efficiency of composting process, therefore have a negative impact on the contrary to composting process.In four ranks of aerobic compost
Duan Zhong, the too high course of fermentation for being also unfavorable for compost of temperature.Therefore the temperature of compost must be monitored and is controlled, reached
Optimal temperature conditionss, to promote in heap body beneficial microorganism amount reproduction to greatest extent and mushroom out.Turn over throwing meeting
It is low when high when causing the temperature of heap body, obvious zigzag is presented, so as to be unfavorable for sterilizing and the flash-ferm process of compost.Ginseng
Examine China《Decontamination of human excreta sanitary standard》(GB7959-87) aerobic composting process design standard and specification, it is desirable to which high temperature is sent out
Ferment process must assure that in heap body temperature of charge more than 50 DEG C and be kept for 5~7 days.Therefore, turn over throwing technique maximum one lacks
It is that can not meet more than the 50 DEG C innoxious basic demands for continuing 5~7 days to fall into.And use based on the static state under the conditions of forced ventilation
Composting process, then the temperature of heap body can be monitored and controlled automatically, it is in optimum state all the time, so as to avoid individually turning over throwing
Defect, well meet more than 50 DEG C continue 5~7 days innoxious basic demands.Therefore, it is unsuitable independent in composting process
Using turning over throwing technique, but the automatic monitoring and control of trip temperature should be entered during one time fermentation, in secondary fermentation process
It is middle to carry out appropriate turning over throwing.
And traditional well foster composting device structure is complex, thereby increases and it is possible to occur, to compost heap oxygen supply deficiency, causing
Fermentation is not thorough, while probably due to drainage effect is poor, the discharge of influence percolate influences the effect of compost.
Utility model content
To solve the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is the production dress for providing a kind of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer
Put.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer, including:
Device body, is divided into upper and lower two parts, top is divided into compost by its internal perforated plate by described device body
Reative cell, bottom is divided into air compartment;
Charging aperture and gas outlet are respectively equipped with the top of the compost reative cell;The outer wall of the compost reative cell is provided with
Temperature control plate, the temperature control plate connects temperature controller;
The bottom of the air compartment is provided with discharge outlet;One side wall of the air compartment is provided with air inlet, the air inlet
Air blower is connected by blast pipe, the air blower connects air velocity transducer, and the air velocity transducer connects Wind-speed controller;
The temperature controller and Wind-speed controller are all connected with master controller, and the master controller connects touch screen.
Further, two relative inwalls of described device body are provided with neck, the position of the neck and perforated plate
It is corresponding, and the perforated plate fixed by neck.
Further, described device body is cube, and one side wall of described device body is provided with perforated plate socket, described
Perforated plate socket is located at same level with neck;The perforated plate can be slided along neck and by the perforated plate socket from institute
State in device body and detach.
Further, the bottom of the air compartment is semi-open type activity door, and the movable door is inclined plane, described
Discharge outlet is located at inclined plane lower.
Further, the perforated plate is provided with multiple rows of wind distributing hole, and the shape of the wind distributing hole is circle.
Further, the top of the compost reative cell is provided with water spout.
Further, control valve is provided with the charging aperture.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
The process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer described in the utility model, by the setting of feed pipe and its valve,
It is easy to charging;By the setting of temperature control plate, it is easy to control the temperature of compost reative cell so that compost keeps certain drying;It is logical
Cross control of the Wind-speed controller to air blower so that the wind speed in device body is controllable.The top of compost reative cell is provided with water spray
Mouth, can adjust the temperature and aridity of compost reative cell.Cloth air chamber bottom is provided with discharge outlet, can be by the qi-emitting hole of perforated plate
The percolate in time producing compost with the discharge outlet of bottom surface is discharged.In a word, the utility model is simple in construction, easy to use, and
Improve the fermentation efficiency of compost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer described in the utility model:
Wherein, 1- compost reative cell, 2- air compartment, 3- perforated plates, 4- necks, 5- gas outlets, 6- discharge outlet, 7- air blast
Machine, 8- air velocity transducers, 9- Wind-speed controllers, 10- temperature controllers, 11- master controllers, 12- touch screens, 13- device bodies,
14- charging apertures, 15- water spouts.
Embodiment
In order that the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and implementation
Example, the utility model is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain this
Utility model, is not used to limit the utility model.
A kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer, including:
Device body 13, it is cube, and upper and lower two parts, top are divided into by the perforated plate 3 inside device body 13
It is divided into compost reative cell 1, bottom is divided into air compartment 2;13 two relative inwalls of described device body are provided with neck 4, described
Neck 4 is corresponding with the position of perforated plate 3, and the perforated plate 3 is fixed by neck 4.13 1 side walls of described device body
Perforated plate socket is provided with, the perforated plate socket is located at same level with neck 4.The perforated plate 3 can be slided simultaneously along neck
Detached by the perforated plate socket out of described device body 13.
The top of the compost reative cell 1, which is respectively equipped with charging aperture 14 and gas outlet 5, the charging aperture, is provided with regulating valve
Door, to adjust the charging of compost;The outer wall of the compost reative cell 1 is provided with temperature control plate, and the temperature control plate connects temperature control
Device 10;
The bottom of the air compartment 2 is semi-open type activity door, and the movable door is inclined plane, the air compartment 2
Bottom be provided with discharge outlet 6, the discharge outlet 6 be located at inclined plane lower.
One side wall of the air compartment 2 is provided with air inlet, and the air inlet connects air blower 7 by blast pipe, described
Air blower 7 connects air velocity transducer 8, and the air velocity transducer 8 connects Wind-speed controller 9;
The temperature controller 10 and Wind-speed controller 9 are all connected with master controller 11, and the master controller 11 connects touch-control
Screen 12.
Control by Wind-speed controller to air blower, so that the wind speed of control device body maintains specified wind speed model
Enclose.Control the temperature of temperature control plate compost is dried by temperature controller, control the wind speed of air blower so that compost is used
Efficiency high.
The perforated plate 3 is provided with multiple rows of wind distributing hole, and the shape of the wind distributing hole is circle.
The top of the compost reative cell 1 is provided with water spout 15.
In use, first then perforated plate is passed through windrow from the perforated plate socket insertion apparatus body of device body wall
Charging aperture inserts compost reative cell, carries out aerobic reaction, while air is blasted into cloth air chamber by air blower, air passes through perforation
Wind distributing hole on plate from bottom to top enters compost heap, to bacterium oxygen supply therein, while the waste gas produced passes through compost reative cell
The gas outlet discharge on top, realizes that oxygen supply is circulated, and completes after compost reaction, perforated plate is extracted out from device body, makes windrow
Fall in gas distribution room, then open the movable door of cloth air chamber bottom, windrow is discharged.
If the temperature of compost heap is higher, opens water spout and sprayed water to compost heap, adjust the temperature of compost heap, spray simultaneously
Water nozzle can adjust the humidity of compost heap;The water that the percolate or cooling that aerobic bacteria is produced by aerobic reaction are sprayed into passes through gas distribution
Hole enters cloth air chamber, is then discharged from the discharge outlet of cloth air chamber bottom surface, wherein cloth air chamber bottom surface is set to incline structure, is easy to fluid
Flowing, while discharge outlet is located at the lower position of incline structure.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, the utility model is not limited to, for this
For the technical staff in field, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.It is all it is of the present utility model spirit and principle
Within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that including:
Device body (13), upper and lower two parts, top are divided into by its internal perforated plate (3) by described device body (13)
It is divided into compost reative cell (1), bottom is divided into air compartment (2);
Charging aperture (14) and gas outlet (5) are respectively equipped with the top of the compost reative cell (1);The compost reative cell (1)
Outer wall is provided with temperature control plate, the temperature control plate connection temperature controller (10);
The bottom of the air compartment (2) is provided with discharge outlet (6);One side wall of the air compartment (2) be provided with air inlet, it is described enter
Air port connects air blower (7), air blower (7) the connection air velocity transducer (8), the air velocity transducer (8) by blast pipe
Connect Wind-speed controller (9);
The temperature controller (10) and Wind-speed controller (9) are all connected with master controller (11), master controller (11) connection
Touch screen (12).
2. the process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described device body
(13) two relative inwalls are provided with neck (4), and the neck (4) is corresponding with the position of perforated plate (3), and the perforation
Plate (3) is fixed by neck (4).
3. the process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described device body
(13) it is cube, (13) side walls of described device body are provided with perforated plate socket, the perforated plate socket and neck (4) position
In same level;The perforated plate (3) can be slided along neck and by the perforated plate socket from described device body (13)
Inside detach.
4. the process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the air compartment
(2) bottom is semi-open type activity door, and the movable door is inclined plane, and the discharge outlet (6) is located at inclined plane lower.
5. the process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the perforated plate
(3) multiple rows of wind distributing hole is provided with, the shape of the wind distributing hole is circle.
6. the process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compost reaction
The top of room (1) is provided with water spout (15).
7. the process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the charging aperture
(14) place is provided with control valve.
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CN201720113293.3U CN206512110U (en) | 2017-02-07 | 2017-02-07 | A kind of process units of aerobic fermentation composting organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108794096A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree Leaf-litter decomposition device and method |
CN111574266A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 东北农业大学 | Negative pressure type compost gas distribution device and method |
CN112142504A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2020-12-29 | 龙游卡伊环保科技有限公司 | Automatic composting device for treating household garbage |
CN112175801A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-05 | 北京创臻环境技术有限公司 | Uniform gas supply and heat circulation system |
-
2017
- 2017-02-07 CN CN201720113293.3U patent/CN206512110U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108794096A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Tea tree Leaf-litter decomposition device and method |
CN112175801A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-05 | 北京创臻环境技术有限公司 | Uniform gas supply and heat circulation system |
CN111574266A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-25 | 东北农业大学 | Negative pressure type compost gas distribution device and method |
CN112142504A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2020-12-29 | 龙游卡伊环保科技有限公司 | Automatic composting device for treating household garbage |
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