JP3706097B2 - Organic waste fermentation treatment system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system having a function of fertilizing and feeding organic substances, particularly organic waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, many proposals have been made for fermenting organic fertilizers to make fertilizers and feeds, but they can be divided into two types: solid fermentation and liquid fermentation. .
[0003]
Before describing the two treatment methods, the current state of organic waste, especially in the case of livestock manure, will be described in advance because there is a difference in the state and amount of manure discharged depending on the breeding form.
[0004]
[Current status of organic waste]
First, typical organic waste includes livestock manure, food residues, and agricultural and fishery residues.
Livestock manure was particularly serious, and since November 1999, “appropriate management and proper treatment of livestock manure” was legislated and mandated. However, the amount is enormous, and it is discharged as 100 million tons of organic waste every year in the country. About 8% of the waste is processed into compost and returned to farmland, and more than 90% is left in the field. Or dig a hole and fill it, or it is in a state of running down.
[0005]
In addition, in the case of garbage from ordinary households, approximately 40 million households nationwide emit 1.5 kg of garbage daily per household, resulting in 21.9 million tons per year. It is about 1/5 of the amount emitted.
[0006]
Agricultural residues are left in the field in the name of production adjustment by non-standard products, rich harvests, imports, etc., causing odor pollution and soil rot, and causing illegal dumping problems. Also, huge amounts of organic waste, such as starch cake, soybean cake, liquor cake, fruit residue, etc., are discharged from the agricultural processing plant, most of which are left unused or landfilled without being effectively used. Yes.
[0007]
Marine waste dumping of fishery residues has been banned since fiscal 2001, and seafood, shellfish, starfish, and fish that have not been turned into merchandise after entering the port are all treated as organic waste on land. The amount exceeds 30% of the amount. Since there are about 5.3 million tons of landfall every year in the country, about 1.59 million tons are generated annually, and when combined with about 1 million tons discharged from the fishery processing plant, the number is about 2.6 million tons. In addition, the amount of organic waste discharged from public facilities, the restaurant industry, and the market is enormous.
[0008]
As described above, organic waste has been increasing every year, starting with livestock manure, but the amount is so large that it cannot be handled at present. It causes various problems such as water pollution, air pollution, illegal dumping, incinerator (dioxin problem), and financial problems due to landfill construction.
[0009]
[Difference and amount of manure status depending on livestock breeding form]
There are significant differences in the amount and condition of manure depending on the type of livestock. At present, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry defines 6 types of animals (dairy cows, beef cattle, pigs, egg-laying chickens, horses, broilers) and the amount of manure generated is about 70% for dairy cattle and about 20% for beef cattle. Pigs are about 6%, egg-laying chickens are about 2%, horses are about 1%, and pleulers are about 1%. Breeding of horses will decrease slightly in the future, and breeding of dairy cattle will be slightly increasing.
[0010]
The state of excreta is closely related to the breeding form, particularly the amount of the litter, and it is determined by the breeding form whether the treatment is performed as a solid or liquid. Pigs, hens, horses, and broilers vary slightly from region to region, but the amount of manure generated is small, the covering material is sufficient, and the breeding form is relatively established. % Solids (type called solids).
[0011]
The biggest problem with livestock manure is cattle that account for about 90% of the total manure production. Beef cattle are expensive in value, so there are many breeding forms called freeburn (several cows are divided into rooms and raised with concentrated feed), and a large amount of bedding materials such as sawdust are easy to absorb moisture. It is used and almost can be handled as a solid type.
[0012]
Of particular concern is manure from dairy cattle, with about 50 to 60 adult humans per adult cattle, and about 50 kg of feces (including bedding material) and 15 kg of urine. Compared with, it is nearly 3 times. In addition, the breeding form is divided into a stunt style that is bred in a cattle barn (common for milking cows) and a free stall that is divided into several rooms (mostly dry cows), but dairy cattle are beef cattle The price is lower than that of bedding, so the water content of manure discharged from the use of cheap straw, rice straw, and grass is increased, and the water content is about 87% in the stanchon style (called semi-solid) Type) and free stall style, the water content exceeds 90% (a type called slurry) and is handled as a liquid material.
[0013]
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of free stall style breeding cows that are not costly for milking cows in order to reduce the total cost. In other words, the state of manure has also shifted from the semi-solid type (solid-liquid separation is required for fermentation) to the slurry type (liquid), and is increasing, as described in [Current Status of Organic Waste] Since domestic annual excretion of livestock manure is about 100 million tons, the treatment of dairy cattle that account for 70%, especially slurry type, is a big problem.
[0014]
Conventionally, as described above, technologies for fermenting organic waste are roughly classified into two types: solid fermentation and liquid fermentation.
[0015]
First of all, fermentation of solid organic waste is basically, but after basically adjusting the water content ratio of organic waste to around 70%, it is fermented as it is with fermentation microorganisms contained in organic waste. Process. As a method for adjusting the water content ratio, it is common to squeeze water with a dehydrator and perform solid-liquid separation, or to mix other organic substances (rice husk, sawdust, rice bran, etc.) as a secondary material.
[0016]
Naturally, the secondary materials that can be mixed will vary depending on whether they are fermented to make compost or livestock and fish. The reason why the water content ratio is adjusted to around 70% is that the fermentation of solid organic matter normally expects fermentation by aerobic microorganisms. Fermentation of organic substances by aerobic microorganisms (activity in which microorganisms decompose organic substances) is actively promoted if the water content is 70% or less and air is supplied.
[0017]
Further, in order to supply air, it is necessary to turn over (invert the organic matter), but the fermentation time varies greatly depending on the degree of turnover. If the fertilization is carried out frequently every day and the water content is reduced to 60% or less while evaporating and distilling water under well-ventilated conditions, a good quality organic fertilizer or organic feed can be produced in about 120 days. In general, when the quantity is small, it is carried out by a heavy equipment such as a backhoe or an excavator.
[0018]
Secondly, the fermentation of liquid organic waste is the main target organic waste. The main dairy cattle breeding forms mentioned above are the slurry-type manure discharged from the free stall style and the semi-solid type. It is urine obtained by solid-liquid separation of feces and urine by dehydrator or natural flow.
[0019]
Slurry-type manure exhibits a fertilizer effect similar to that of chemical fertilizer because it has a high fertilizer effect and its components are almost inorganic or easily decomposed, but the components are hardly damaged by fermentation.
[0020]
Usually, liquid manure is collected in a tank and aerated (sent air) is aerated in the tank to promote fermentation by aerobic microorganisms, reducing malodor and using it as liquid fertilizer. If proper heat insulation and aeration are performed, the fermentation period is about 30 days.
[0021]
In addition, when manure, which is liquid organic waste, is placed in a sealed tank, fermentation with anaerobic microorganisms is performed for about 30 days, methane gas generated by fermentation is taken out for about 30 days, and the energy is effectively used, and then used as liquid fertilizer. is there.
[0022]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Fertilizer and feed by fermentation treatment of the first solid organic waste,
{Circle around (1)} Since the water content ratio is adjusted, there is a problem that a secondary material is necessary and the processing cost increases.
{Circle around (2)} Fermentation conditions depend on the outside air temperature and humidity due to natural fermentation by turning over, and particularly in cold regions where the outside air temperature falls, there is a problem that fermentation itself cannot be performed due to the suspension of the fermentation bacteria during the winter period.
[0023]
(3) Because of natural fermentation by reversal, when there is not enough reversal and the air supply is insufficient or the water content ratio is not adequately adjusted (75% or more), it is not fermented by aerobic microbes but anaerobic microbes. The fertilizer and feed that are occupied by the fermentation and contain a large amount of spoilage bacteria are produced. Naturally, it cannot be used as fertilizer or feed and is reverted to organic waste.
[0024]
As described in (4) [Prior art], the amount of organic waste is enormous. For example, the number of dairy farmers in Hokkaido is about 11,000, and the number of dairy cattle per unit is average. There are around 100 farmers. That is, if the amount of manure discharged from one dairy cow is 65 kg per day, 100 cows will discharge 6 tons and 500 kg, and one year will result in 2,372 tons and 500 kg discharged from one farmhouse. Since it takes a long time (120 days for solids and 60 days for liquids) to ferment an enormous amount of organic waste, there is a problem in that the scale of the facility to be treated and the area used are large, and the initial cost is increased. is there.
[0025]
(5) In order to reduce the moisture content of organic waste, water is evaporated into the atmosphere, so that the reducing substances during fermentation, such as ammonia, methane gas, nitrous oxide, and hydrogen sulfide, are volatilized as a gas body, causing bad odor pollution ( It causes various problems such as ammonia) and global warming (mainly methane gas and nitrous oxide).
[0026]
(6) Fermentation conditions (organic constituents, aerobic microorganisms, anaerobic microorganisms) at the completion of the treatment, depending on the fermentation conditions (water content ratio at the start of fermentation, outside temperature, humidity, oxygen supply amount, etc.) for natural fermentation Etc.) is not constant, and a uniform product cannot be made even if the raw materials used are the same.
[0027]
Although the second liquid organic waste is fertilized by fermentation, it has various problems.
(1) Although odor can be reduced by fermentation, the bad odor is badly handled and becomes a bad odor pollution after use.
[0028]
{Circle around (2)} Fermentation is almost never damaged by fermentation, so a fertilizer effect can be expected, but a large quantity cannot be put into the field. This means that even if liquid fertilizer is made, there is no outlet (market) and there is no marketability. If it is forced into the field, the growth of the plant will be hindered.
[0029]
(3) Since it is liquid, it has a lot of underground infiltration and volatilization in the atmosphere. Nitrogen content is polluted as nitrate nitrogen and water vapor (ammonia, methane gas, nitrous oxide, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) causes air pollution. End up.
[0030]
(4) If the fermentation time is long (around 30 to 60 days), a large amount of manure is discharged every day as described above, so that there is a problem that the facility scale becomes large and the initial cost increases. In particular, a biogas plant that performs fermentation with anaerobic microorganisms, extracts methane gas, and effectively uses energy has a problem of high initial cost and high running cost.
[0031]
(5) (4) The biogas plant described in (4) is important in the future from the viewpoint of effective use of energy. Separated. There are various manufacturers that cannot be discussed in general, but the power that can be obtained through capital investment equivalent to 200 million yen is 8 to 10 households. On the other hand, how much time it takes to consume 200 million yen of electricity in 8 to 10 ordinary households, and the price effect is not realized on a commercial basis. Moreover, although it is liquid fertilizer after taking out biogas (methane gas, carbon gas) and using energy effectively, there are a problem of marketability and cost similarly to the previous description. In view of the above, the biogas plant should be constructed as a future research subject.
[0032]
(6) The biggest problem with manure, which is a liquid organic waste, is that even if it is fermented for a large amount of discharge, the main component values do not change, so a large amount of fertilizer cannot be applied, and bad odors flow badly. This is difficult to handle.
[0033]
(7) In view of the above, as far as liquid organic waste is concerned, there is a complete difference from treatment with solid organic waste. It is possible to reduce odor but there is no use other than the use of energy. In general, it is a problem that it does not belong to the field of “treating”, and there is actually no method for treating a slurry that is liquid organic waste.
[0034]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and does not require much time (days), a vast facility scale, and a use area by forcibly fermenting many organic substances at once in a closed system. Fermentation is not affected by external conditions such as temperature and humidity, and almost no odors or reducing substances are released outside the system. In addition, the inside of the house, which is the fermenter of the system, is depressurized, the internal boiling point is lowered, the forced drying and the cell phenomenon (internal destruction) are performed at the same time, and the physical content is changed to change the properties of organic matter. There is no need for rice husk, sawdust, rice bran, etc., and the issuing time can be shortened and it is economical.
[0035]
Moreover, the present invention can be sterilized by a photochemical decomposition method regardless of whether it is an organic substance or an inorganic substance. In particular, an organic substance can be fermented with either an aerobic microorganism or an anaerobic microorganism, and is commercially available. It is also possible to use useful microorganisms.
[0036]
Moreover, although the gas body which is a reducing substance generated in the house (fermenter) becomes condensed water in the heat exchanger, it undergoes a chemical change due to oxidation of ozone and becomes harmless. For example, hydrogen sulfide is decomposed into CO2 + 2H2S → CH2O + H2O + S2, methane is decomposed into CO2 + CH4 → 2CH2O, ammonia is decomposed into 2CO2 + 2NH4 → 2CH2O + 2H2O + N2, and most of them decompose into water and a carbon compound.
[0037]
Further, the condensed water is reused as cooling circulating water for use in the heat exchanger, and only the excess water is evaporated from the cooling tower as water vapor. That is, since no drainage or waste liquid is discharged outside the system, water pollution and air pollution are not caused.
[0038]
In addition, the present invention can perform solid-liquid separation of organic waste and can be processed simultaneously with solid-liquid or with a time difference. Solid organic waste is fermented to high-quality fertilizer and feed, and most of liquid organic waste is Can be eliminated, and the fertilizer can be left in solid organic waste and secondary materials.
[0039]
As described above, the present invention has a function of fermenting a large amount of organic waste in a short time regardless of whether it is solid or liquid, without causing water pollution or air pollution, and sterilizing regardless of inorganic substances or organic substances. The purpose is to provide a system.
[0040]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[1] To achieve the above objectiveHandsThe steps are as follows.
OrganicDiscard10. House that is the main body of the fermenter of the product fermentation treatment system. 10. Upper house (fermentor); It was configured to be separated into the lower part of the house (fermentor).
[0041]
[2] 10. The upper part of the house (fermentor) has a double structure of pressure-resistant glass with good permeability for taking sunlight into the fermenter, and the space between the pressure-resistant glass and the pressure-resistant glass is 10a. It is a heat insulation layer space. Also, 10. The upper part of the house (fermenter) is the support and 21. It is connected and fixed to the foundation together with the bearing wall.
[0042]
[3] 11. 18. The lower part of the house (fermenter) is composed of two integrated tanks. (2) by the moving roller at the bottom of the house (fermenter). Processing territory A, to {circle around (6)}. Can move between processing territories C. Also, (4). When fermentation is performed in the processing territory B, 18. By the jack installed at the lower part of the house (fermenter), 10. It is in close contact with the upper part of the house (fermentor). At this time, 10. 21. It is connected to the upper part of the house (fermentor). 21. The bearing wall has a movable inner wall. Close contact with bearing wall jack. 10. 10. Upper house (fermentor); 23. All on the surface where the lower part of the house (fermenter) is in close contact. A fermenter that is completely sealed is provided.
[0043]
[4] 10. A plurality of vacuum pumps (29. vacuum pump A, 29a. Vacuum pump B, 29b. Vacuum pump C,) are provided in the upper part of the house (fermentor). Dustproof device (cyclone), and 25. 8. It is installed in parallel via a heat exchanger (condenser), and Open and close the valve of the air inlet 31. By moving the blower in conjunction with each other, the atmospheric pressure in the house (fermenter) can be arbitrarily set to a normal pressure state and a reduced pressure state. In addition, the vacuum pumps installed in parallel stop moving when the decompression rate in the house (fermenter) reaches a set value, but stop moving when the temperature in the house (fermenter) rises. It is configured to maintain a constant decompression state.
[0044]
[5] Also, 10. The upper part of the house (fermentor) is 13. Ultraviolet irradiation device, multiple units, 14. Heater, multiple units, 15. Self-propelled ozone spray device, 16. Self-propelled slurry spreader, 17. Self-propelled fermenting bacteria spraying device, 12. A self-propelled stirrer is provided.
[0045]
[6] Also, 11. The lower part of the house (fermenter) is 21. The surface in contact with the bearing wall is 20. It is the lower part of the house (fermenter) opening and closing wall, and (2). Processing territory A or (6). When moving to the processing territory C, it can be arbitrarily opened and closed. 11. 20. The lower part of the house (fermentor). 34. On all surfaces except the lower part of the house (fermenter) opening / closing wall, Heating is provided.
[0046]
  [7] 10. The upper part of the house (fermentor) and beams on the bottom of both sides are equipped with A. A stirrer running rail is installed, and the upper part is 12. A self-propelled stirrer is configured so that it can travel in both directions.
[0047]
[8] (4). Organic waste treated in treatment territory B, The lower part of the house (fermentor), (2). Processing territory A or (6). In processing territory C, 19. Moved by the lower house (fermentor) roller, 20. After opening the lower part of the house (fermenter) opening and closing wall, it is carried out by a shovel loader.
[0048]
  [9] 10. 13. On the upper side of the house (fermentor) and both sides of the middle stage. An ultraviolet irradiation device, and 14. Heaters are provided alternately, and 27b. 15. Ozone delivery guide rail, arranged along the track. 27. Self-propelled ozone spray device. It is configured to spray ozone produced by an ozone generator.
[0049]
[10] 11. In the lower part of the house (fermenter), 20. 34. All surfaces except the lower part of the house (fermenter) opening and closing wall. 4. heating. Electricity made with solar cells, 6. Through the storage battery 34. Sent to heating. (At this time, it is the inverter that replaces the direct current with the alternating current.)
[0050]
  [11] 10. The upper part of the house (fermenter) takes in the heat of sunlight into the fermenter, so it has a double structure of pressure-resistant glass with good permeability. It is a heat insulation layer space. A vacuum pump D is connected to form an arbitrary pressure insulation layer.
[0051]
  [12] [1]. Carry-in territory A, and [5]. In the import territory B, 2. The solid organic waste separated at this time is [2]. Processing territory A, or [6]. It is carried into the processing territory C by an excavator loader or the like, [4]. Fermentation treatment is performed in the treatment territory B. The liquid organic waste separated at this time is 2. 2c. Provided at the bottom of the solid-liquid separator. 3. through the drain pipe. Stored in a liquid organic matter storage tank. The stored liquid organic waste is 10. 16 self-propelled slurry spreader provided in the upper part of the house (fermentor), 4a. It is sent and dispersed through the liquid organic substance feed pipe. At this time, the spraying timing is [4]. Since it is largely related to the water content ratio of the solid organic waste processed in the processing territory B, it can be arbitrarily set.
[0052]
  [13] 10. 10. Upper house (fermentor); It was configured to be separated into the lower part of the house (fermentor). 10. The upper part of the house (fermenter) is the support and 21. It is connected and fixed to the foundation together with the bearing wall. 11. The lower part of the house (fermenter) is composed of two integrated tanks. The lower part of the house (fermenter) has an open / close wall. 11. In the lower part of the house lower part (fermenter), 18. 18. House lower (fermenter) installation jack, and 9. The lower part of the house (fermenter) moving roller is provided. The upper part of the house (fermenter) is installed. [4]. It is configured so that it can be moved to the processing territory B and installed.
[0053]
[14] 10. In the upper part of the house (fermentor), 12. A self-propelled agitator; 10. Upper house (fermentor); The lower part of the house (fermenter) is integrated, and (4). When the fermentation process is performed in the processing territory B, the stirring posture is set and the automatic stirring is performed. (4). Fermentation treatment in treatment territory B is over (2). Processing territory A or (6). In processing territory C, 11. When the lower part of the house (fermenter) moves, 12a. Scoop jumps up, 11. It is configured not to obstruct the movement of the lower part of the house (fermentor).
[0054]
  [15] 10. A plurality of vacuum pumps (29. vacuum pump A, 29a. Vacuum pump B, 29b. Vacuum pump C,) are provided in the upper part of the house (fermentor). Dustproof device (cyclone), 25. 31. Installed in parallel via a heat exchanger (condenser). Blower is directly 10. It is installed in the upper part of the house (fermentor). Water vapor and gas bodies (reducing substances) drawn from the house (fermentor) by a plurality of vacuum pumps (29. vacuum pump A, 29a. Vacuum pump B, 29b. Vacuum pump C,) are 25. 26. It becomes condensed water in a heat exchanger (condenser). The condensed water tank is collected 26a. Through the condensate water pipe, 33. It is sent to the cooling tower, where excess water evaporates and the rest is 25. Used as cooling circulating water for heat exchanger (condenser).
[0055]
[16] At this time, 26. The condensate tank contains 27a. Through the ozone delivery tube, 27. Since the ozone produced by the ozone generator is introduced and debasification is performed, cooling circulating water and 33. The water evaporating from the cooling tower changes into harmless water (H2O) and carbon compound (C) and does not cause a problem. In addition, 31. The gas body (reducing substance) and moisture drawn out by the blower are also 25. 26. heat exchanger (condenser); Through the condensate tank, or directly 33. Since it is sent to the cooling tower, there is no problem as described above.
[0056]
[Action]
  Configured in this wayHaveMachineDiscardThe fermented food processing system can ferment and disinfect a large amount of organic waste (solid / liquid) put in the house (fermentor) in a few hours, so it can be used in a vast place or for a long time. Do not need.
[0057]
In addition, the house (fermentor) is depressurized to lower the boiling point, and forced drying and forced fermentation are performed at the same time, so that the water content of the processed material is vaporized with a small amount of energy, and organic waste is used to maximize the use of solar energy. There is no need for secondary materials to reduce the moisture content of the product, and the running cost is reduced, which is economical. In addition, it is environmentally friendly because it does not discharge any wastewater or waste liquid from the organic matter treatment system.
[0058]
【Example】
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0059]
This house-type organic matter fermentation treatment system has the same structure as that described in the section of the means for solving the problems, and is further associated with the structure. Input hopper, 1a. Loading conveyor, 2a. Compression jack, 2b. Extrusion jack, 3. Discharge hopper, 3a. 6. discharge conveyor, Hydraulic unit, 8. Fermentation microorganism storage tank, 8a. Fermentation bacteria feeding tube, 24a. Reducing substance suction pipe A, 24b. Reductant intake pipe B, 28. Water pump A, 32. Water pump B, B. Temperature measuring instrument, C.I. Humidity measuring instrument, (3). Unloading territory A, (7). The unloading territory B is shown in FIG.
[0060]
First, [1] (1). Carriage territory A, or (5). The organic waste carried into the import territory B, according to the necessity, is 2. Separate with a solid-liquid separator or directly (2). Processing territory A or (6). 10. exposed to processing territory C Carry it into the lower part of the house (fermenter) with a shovel loader.
[0061]
[2] At this time, in the case of performing solid-liquid separation, the organic waste is 1. Into the charging hopper, 1a. In the input conveyor, 2. It is sent to the solid-liquid separator. The sent organic waste is 2a. It is crushed by a compression jack and separated into solid and liquid. 2. The bottom surface in the tank of the solid-liquid separator is a perforated eye plate, and the separated liquid is 2c. 3. Pass through the water pipe. Stored in a liquid organic matter storage tank, and the solid is 2b. By extrusion jack, 3. Placed in a discharge hopper, 3a. ▲ 1 ▼ again at the discharge conveyor. Carriage territory A, or (5). 10. Return to import territory B, It is thrown into the lower part of the house (fermenter).
[0062]
[3] The introduction of organic waste has been completed. The lower part of the house (fermenter) is 20. 18. Close the lower part of the house (fermenter) opening and closing wall, At the lower part of the house (fermenter), 4). Move to processing territory B, 18. 20. Jack installed at the bottom of the house (fermenter), and 21. 9. The bearing wall is activated. The upper part of the house (fermentor) is configured to form an integrated fermentor that is in close contact with the upper part.
[0063]
[4] 11. Since the lower part of the house (fermenter) is composed of two integrated fermenters, {4}. The fermenter located in the treatment territory B is exposed in the opposite direction to the treatment territory where the fermenter to be treated was present. The cycle is such that the fermenter completed processed material exposed by this is carried out and organic waste is charged. In [2], 4. The liquid organic matter stored in the liquid organic matter storage tank is 4a. Through the liquid organic matter feeding basket, 16. A self-propelled slurry spreader is sprayed into the fermenter and fermented together with the solid organic matter.
At this time, most of the liquid organic matter disappears in terms of volume.
[0064]
[5] 10. 10. Upper house (fermentor); The lower part of the house (fermenter) is a house-type organic matter fermentation treatment tank that is sealed and integrated. The upper part of the house (fermenter) takes in sunlight and has a double structure of pressure-resistant glass with good permeability, 10a. A heat insulation layer space is provided, and a pressure resistant layer is formed together with the heat insulation. This can provide a significant greenhouse effect throughout the season. The purpose of the double structure is to provide a heat insulating layer and to form an atmospheric pressure relaxation layer (pressure-resistant layer) so that the structure is not directly subjected to atmospheric pressure.
[0065]
[6] Moreover, although it is a sealed house and organic matter fermentation treatment tank, in addition to the heating method by the greenhouse effect shown in [5], 14. A heater, and 34. Heating device is provided.
[0066]
[7] 14. A heater, and 34. For heating, 5. A battery made of solar cells is 6. It is stored in a storage battery, and is controlled and sent by an inverter.
[0067]
[8] Thus, as described in [1] to [4], the organic waste (solid, liquid) thrown into the house (fermentor) is the greenhouse effect, 14. Heater, 34. It will be heated by heating.
[0068]
[9] Thus, as described in [8], the organic waste (solid, liquid) is heated, but at the same time, it is depressurized by the action of the vacuum pump.
[0069]
[10] The organic waste (solid, liquid) in the house (fermentor) described in [3] is simultaneously subjected to the heating described in [8] and the decompression described in [9], and the fermentation by the fermenting microorganism is promoted. The
[0070]
[11] At this time, the boiling point of the house (fermentor) is lowered by the reduced pressure. As will be described later, if the boiling point is about 60 degrees, most of the heat in the house (fermenter) can be covered by the greenhouse effect. A heater, and 34. Heating is considered auxiliary (winter, night).
[0071]
[12] 10. 24. In the upper part of the house (fermentor). Dustproof device (cyclone), and 25. A plurality of vacuum pumps (29. vacuum pump A, 29a. Vacuum pump B, 29b. Vacuum pump C,) are connected via a heat exchanger (condenser), and moisture from the house-type organic matter fermentation tank And a reducing substance which is a gas body. Change to condensed water with a heat exchanger (condenser), 33. It is sent to the cooling tower and circulated as cooling circulation water used for evapotranspiration and heat exchange.
[0072]
[13] The vacuum pump sucks air, moisture, and gas from the house-type organic matter fermentation treatment tank to reduce the boiling point in the house-type organic matter fermentation treatment tank, thereby reducing evapotranspiration in the tank. The purpose is to forcefully dry while reducing the amount of heat energy to be generated, and at the same time to cause a cell phenomenon (internal destruction) in the organic substance, and to explodely increase the cross section where fermenting microorganisms grow by changing the properties of the organic substance It is said. Naturally, since the inside of the tank is depressurized and becomes anaerobic, anaerobic microorganisms with strong fermentative power are also proliferated.
[0073]
[14] Forced drying of [13], property change of organic substance (because it is destroyed from the inside, it becomes a sponge-like sponge and easily decomposes), and a breeding cross section of fermenting microorganisms accompanying the property change, anaerobic state Explosive growth of anaerobic microorganisms at the plant, these have a synergistic effect, and the fermentation treatment of organic waste, which previously took about 120 days in natural fermentation, can be processed in a few hours (2 hours to a maximum of 5 hours) .
[0074]
[15] In [12], a plurality of vacuum pumps (29. vacuum pump A, 29a. Vacuum pump B, 29b. Vacuum pump C,) are connected in parallel in the tank of the house type organic matter fermentation treatment system. This is to maintain a constant reduced pressure state. If a vacuum tank with nothing but a vacuum pump with the same ultimate pressure performance, or if the container is depressurized, there will be a time difference until the ultimate pressure is reached depending on the size of the vacuum pump, but once, If the ultimate pressure is reached, maintaining it is the same regardless of the size of the vacuum pump, and of course, there is no relationship with the number of vacuum pumps.
[0075]
[16] However, since the present invention is not a closed tank with nothing but a system for fermenting organic matter as described in [1] to [4], naturally, a fermenter having airtightness. The inside is filled with organic matter.
[0076]
[17] The inside of the fermenter is a single vacuum pump, and if the pressure is reduced, it reaches the set pressure immediately and lowers the boiling point. However, when evapotranspiration of water from organic substances begins, fermentation is promoted by the activity of the fermenting microorganisms, and reducing substances that are gas bodies are generated, the temperature in the fermenter begins to rise ignoring the boiling point. At this time, the pressure gauge of the vacuum pump indicates the set ultimate pressure.
[0077]
[18] This indicates that even if the pressure gauge indicates the ultimate pressure, the inside of the fermenter does not maintain a constant reduced pressure state. This is because the boiling point in the fermenter decreases due to the reduced pressure, and the temperature does not rise above the boiling point as long as a constant reduced pressure state is maintained.
This is the same reason that water does not rise to a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher no matter how much water is heated at atmospheric pressure.
[0078]
According to [19], the pressure gauge of the vacuum pump indicates the set ultimate pressure, and the fermenter temperature rises despite the boiling point in the fermenter being lowered. This is because there is not.
[0079]
[20] This is because dissolved water, dissolved air, and a gas body, which is a reducing substance, exceeding the intake / exhaust capacity of the vacuum pump (time to reach the ultimate pressure) are discharged from the organic matter.
[0080]
[21] Believing in the pressure gauge of the vacuum pump and overlooking the temperature rise in the fermenter or ignoring it, the organic waste can be dried over time but cannot be fermented. As described in [13] and [14].
[0081]
[22] In the present invention, the house-type organic matter fermentation treatment system, reducing the pressure to the set pressure and keeping it at the set pressure is a lifeline and more important than anything.
[0082]
[23] In the present invention, the house type organic matter fermentation treatment system, in order to keep the reduced pressure state in the fermenter constant, the temperature in the fermenter is controlled and linked with the movement of the vacuum pump. That is, when starting depressurization, all the vacuum pumps are moved to reach the set depressurized state. However, when the set pressure reduction state is reached, 29. Only the vacuum pump A is movable and maintains the set decompression state, 29a. Vacuum pump B, and 29b. The vacuum pump C is stopped. At this time, 29a. Vacuum pump B, and 29b. The vacuum pump C, regardless of the pressure gauge of the vacuum pump, Set to move in conjunction with the temperature measuring instrument. When the temperature starts to rise above the boiling point temperature in the fermenter that should have been set according to the reduced pressure state, first, 29a. The vacuum pump B starts to move and maintains the set pressure reduction state. Of course, when the temperature starts to rise again, the last 29b. The vacuum pump C is started to move, and is configured to maintain a set reduced pressure state.
[0083]
[24] In other words, the required number of vacuum pumps that can move in conjunction with the fermenter temperature is proportional to the quality and quantity of organic waste to be treated. Conversely, the required number of vacuum pumps can be moved. This means that the fermentation tank can be expanded and the amount of organic waste processed can be increased.
[0084]
[25] In the present invention and the house-type organic matter fermentation treatment system, all are set so that the internal pressure of the fermenter becomes −600 mmHg or more by a vacuum pump having an ultimate pressure of −740 mmHg (absolute pressure 20 mmHg). The boiling point at −600 mmHg is about 60 degrees, which is about 20% of the oxygen concentration at atmospheric pressure.
[0085]
[26] When the temperature in the fermenter becomes 80 ° C. or higher (about −400 mmHg, absolute pressure 360 mmHg), the fermentation treatment of organic waste described in [13] and [14] can hardly be expected.
[0086]
[27] Next, the moisture, air, and gas body (reducing substance) sucked from the fermenter by a plurality of vacuum pumps (29. vacuum pump A, 29a. Vacuum pump B, 29b. Vacuum pump C,) are 25. It is converted into condensed water by a heat exchanger (condenser), and finally 33. Before being sent to the cooling tower for processing, 26. Collected in a condensate tank, 27. Ozone produced by an ozone generator, 27a. As described in [Prior Art] and [Means for Solving the Problems] [15], it is constructed so as not to cause a problem by being injected and stirred from the ozone delivery pipe.
[0087]
[28] Next, in the house (fermenter) described in [1] to [4], 12. A self-propelled agitation device is provided, and agitation is performed while self-propelled organic waste to be treated. This is to speed up the process and prevent the process from becoming uneven.
[0088]
[29] Next, in the house (fermentor) described in [1] to [4], 31. Blower, and 9. An air inlet is provided. As described in [13] to [26], the organic waste is put into a sealed house (fermenter), heated, decompressed and dried, and subjected to fermentation treatment. It is because a fermentation process cannot be completed only by the process in a state.
[0089]
[30] As described above, if the fermentation treatment is performed by heating, decompression and drying, the treatment can be performed as described in [13] to [14]. Problems occur when fertilizing fields.
[0090]
[31] This is because, as described in [13], the action of anaerobic microorganisms having strong fermenting power in an anaerobic state in the fermenter is utilized.
[0091]
[32] Anaerobic microorganisms are roughly classified into obligate anaerobes and facultative anaerobes. Obligate anaerobes are microorganisms that are very anaerobic and cannot survive in the air, facultative anaerobes are located between anaerobic and aerobic and are anaerobic but can survive in the air It is. (Human E. coli, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria)
[0092]
[33] In fact, most pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria are strongly anaerobic, and the anaerobic tendency tends to increase their pathogenicity and spoilage.
[0093]
[34] As described in [13], the fermentation power is used when the fermentation treatment is performed, but if the fermentation treatment is nearing completion, an obligate anaerobic bacterium with strong anaerobic properties is unnecessary (and troubled). Therefore, air is introduced into the house (fermentor). From air inlet 31. Sterilize by sucking with a blower and bringing to normal pressure. (As described in [32], obligate anaerobes cannot survive in the air)
[0094]
[35] 12. under normal pressure Organic waste that has been thoroughly stirred by a self-propelled stirrer is then fermented by aerobic microorganisms, resulting in high-quality compost blended with facultative anaerobes.
[0095]
[36] Next, 13. 15. Spray ozone on the UV irradiation device and house (fermentor). About the self-propelled ozone spraying device. This is used when organic waste such as landfill is treated by the house-type organic matter fermentation treatment system of the present invention.
[0096]
[37] A method for debasification by utilizing the oxidizing power of ozone and disinfection by ultraviolet irradiation (photochemical decomposition) when treating organic waste that may contain harmful substances such as dioxins As 10. 14. The upper part of the house (fermentor), described in [6] to [7]. Alternately with heater, 13. An ultraviolet irradiation device is provided, and sterilization is performed by irradiating ultraviolet rays as necessary. Similarly, 10. In the upper part of the house (fermentor), 16. described in [4]. It is installed in parallel with the self-propelled slurry disperser, and if necessary, 15. It is comprised so that ozone may be emitted from a self-propelled ozone spraying device.
[0097]
[38] Next, 8. Although it is a fermenting microorganism storage tank, this is mainly used when the organic waste described in [1] to [4] is not a livestock manure but a food residue or an agricultural residue. The reason for this is that livestock manure contains a large amount of intestinal bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, and other fermentative bacteria, and therefore it is easy to ferment naturally if the environment described in [1] to [35] is given. However, food residues and agricultural residues are often accompanied by a lot of manpower, and the amount of fermenting bacteria contained is often very small. Especially in the case of vegetables, there may be almost no fermenting bacteria, such as when using agricultural chemicals.
[0098]
[39] In the above case, etc., is fermented after mixing with livestock manure? A commercially available or collected fermented bacterium cultured in a fermentation microorganism storage tank, 8a. 16. Send by fermenting bacteria feeding tube, Spray with a self-propelled fermenting bacteria spraying device.
[0099]
[40] It is not difficult to collect and culture the fermenting microorganism, and anyone can easily perform it. For example, for lactic acid bacteria, put milk in 2-3 days' worth of rice broth, and after 3 days, you can make a lactic acid bacteria culture solution. After putting hot water and sugars such as brown sugar in about 4 to 5 days, a Bacillus subtilis culture solution is completed.
[0100]
  [41] In addition, it is shown in [5]. The pressure-resistant glass used for the upper part of the house (fermenter) is not particularly limited to the material as long as it is a pressure-resistant material with good permeability. Moreover, it is shown in [28] 12. A self-propelled stirrer (scoop method) is not particular about its type such as screw method and auger method as long as it has the function. Moreover, the heating method (heating method by a solar system) shown in [6] to [8] does not stick to the system such as boiler and power purchase as long as it has the function. Also, as shown in [4] 11. The lower part of the house (fermenter) is not particular about the material and shape (two separated tanks) as long as it has the function. For example, when the fermentation time (from opening to completion) is short, three or five tanks may be used.
【effect】
  As described above, the present invention configured and operated.Possession ofMachineDiscardSince the fermented food processing system creates an environment suitable for fermentation inside the system and performs forced fermentation, fermentation is not influenced by external factors, and a large amount of solid organic waste is removed in a short time (1/500 to 1 / 1,500). Liquid organic waste (slurry) that could not be treated conventionally can be extinguished. For this reason, a vast place and facility are not required, the initial cost is low, and it is economical. It is environmentally friendly because it does not release bad odors, reducing substances (gas), waste water, or waste liquid outside the system. Since most of the power source of this system is provided by sunlight, the running cost is low, it is economical, and it is environmentally friendly.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is a side view of a thing fermentation processing system.
FIG. 2 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is a top view of a thing fermentation processing system.
FIG. 3 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is a side view of a thing fermentation processing system, and the pressure reduction system part detail drawing 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is a top view of a thing fermentation processing system, and the pressure reduction system part detail drawing 2. FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2 and an enlarged view thereof.
FIG. 6 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is sectional drawing of a thing fermentation processing system, and is a fermenter lower part movement condition figure.
FIG. 7 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is sectional drawing of a product fermentation processing system, and is a bearing wall detailed drawing.
FIG. 8 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is a side view of a thing fermentation processing system, and is a detailed view of a bearing wall.
FIG. 9 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is a side view of a thing fermentation processing system, and is an agitator detail drawing.
FIG. 10 relates to the present invention.HaveMachineDiscardIt is a flowchart of a product fermentation processing system.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Loading hopper 20. Opening / closing wall of the lower part of the house (fermenter)
1a. Loading conveyor 21. Bearing wall
2. Solid-liquid separator 22. Bearing wall jack
2a. Compression jack 23. Medium
2b. Extruded jack 24. Dustproof device (cyclone)
2c. Drain pipe 24a. Reducing substance suction pipe A
3. Discharge hopper 24b. Reducing substance suction pipe B
3a. Discharge conveyor 25. Heat exchanger (condenser)
4). Liquid organic matter storage tank 26. Condensate tank
4a. Liquid organic substance feeding pipe 26a. Condensate water pipe
5. Solar cell 27. Ozone generator
6). Storage battery 27a. Ozone sending tube
7). Hydraulic unit 27b. Ozone delivery guide rail
8). Fermentation microorganism storage tank 28. Water pump A
8a. Fermentation bacteria feeding tube 29. Vacuum pump A
9. Air inlet 29a. Vacuum pump B
10. Upper part of house (fermentor) 29b. Vacuum pump C
10a. Insulation layer space 30. Vacuum pump D
11. Lower part of house (fermentor) 31. Blower
12 Self-propelled stirrer 32. Water pump B
12a. Scoop 33. cooling tower

Claims (5)

In organic fermentation processing system having a function of fertilizer and animal feed encourage fermentation of organic waste, and a pressure reducing device for reducing the fermenter and the fermentation tank to have a gas-tightness, the operation of the decompressor When the temperature in the fermenter rises to a fermentation temperature that is equal to or higher than the set temperature even though the inside of the fermenter has been depressurized, the decompressor increases the output to increase the depressurized state in the fermenter. An organic waste fermentation treatment system characterized by lowering the boiling point to lower the fermentation temperature in the fermenter and keeping the fermenter at a set temperature . The organic waste fermentation treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the decompression device includes a plurality of vacuum pumps, and the output level of the decompression device is determined by the number of operations of the vacuum pump . The said fermenter is isolate | separated into an upper fermenter and a lower fermenter , The organic waste fermentation processing system of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. The fermenter, organic waste fermentation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is constituted by a pressure-resistant glass of the write Mutame take sun light into the fermenter. The organic waste fermentation treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fermenter includes a self-propelled stirrer .

Images