JP2013226556A - Method for drying water-containing organic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for drying water-containing organic matter, allowing further reduction of a drying time by the fermentation of the water-containing organic matter, and allowing effective drying treatment even by a simple device configuration.SOLUTION: A method for drying water-containing organic matter includes processes of: putting and inoculating aerobic spawn in a waste mushroom bed that is the water-containing organic matter in a stage wherein an invasion of miscellaneous germs is small just after vigor is lost by the cutting of hyphae by being raked out from a cultivation bottle of mushrooms after a harvest of mushroom bed-cultured mushrooms ends; and drying the waste mushroom bed by an action of the aerobic spawn. In the process of putting and inoculating the aerobic spawn, the aerobic spawn is put in while the waste mushroom bed is sequentially discharged from a raking-out device of the waste mushroom bed and is sequentially transferred to a storage place on a conveyor.

Description

  The present invention appropriately and efficiently dries water-containing organic matter such as agricultural by-products, raw garbage, and livestock waste, and dries the water-containing organic matter to produce low-cost biomass fuel or the like to replace fermented seed material and fossil fuel. Regarding the method.

Organic waste discharged in large quantities from food factories and mushroom production plants and raw garbage discharged from households have been either thermally dried by oil or incinerated at high cost. Further, a large amount of livestock excrement generated in the livestock industry is not properly reduced to farmland, but also contributes to environmental problems caused by nitrous acid contaminating farmland or groundwater and rivers.
On the other hand, the price of crude oil has soared and the price of fuel has risen significantly.

In response to this, it is desirable to effectively use mushroom waste fungus beds, raw garbage, livestock excrement and the like as biomass resources in order to reduce CO ₂ and prevent global warming.
However, these biomass resources contain a large amount of moisture and need to be dried at an appropriate and low cost for effective use. The drying method has become a problem.

  In order to solve the problems described above, the present inventor has already proposed a high-speed fermentation drying method using microorganisms effectively (see Patent Document 1). According to this, since it can dry in large quantities in a short time without using petroleum energy, it becomes cost reduction. Moreover, it can be manufactured in a relatively simple facility, but requires a relatively large space.

  In addition, a storage box that can be used as a waste disposal container with its bottom opened and closed is disclosed (Patent Document 2).

  Furthermore, the container apparatus which can be used as a fermenter is also disclosed (patent document 3). According to this, there exists a merit that a fermentation drying process can be performed efficiently also in a narrow place. However, since the partition wall is made of a perforated plate such as punching metal, there is a limit to increase the aperture ratio and increase the air permeability, and it is difficult to realize further shortening of the drying time. . Moreover, since material leaks from the hole, a granular material and a material smaller than a hole cannot be used.

JP 2006-116529 A (first page) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-127605 (first page) JP 2003-341790 A (first page)

The problem to be solved regarding the method for drying the water-containing organic matter is that the conventional apparatus and method have a limit in shortening the drying time.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for drying a water-containing organic substance that can greatly reduce the drying time by fermentation of the water-containing organic substance and can be effectively dried even with a simple apparatus configuration.

The present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
According to one aspect of the method for drying a water-containing organic matter according to the present invention, the germs immediately after the hyphae are cut off by being scraped from the mushroom cultivation bottle after harvesting of the fungus bed-cultivated mushrooms and the growth ability is lost. Water-containing organic matter comprising: a step of introducing a seed of aerobic bacteria into a mushroom waste fungus bed, which is a water-containing organic substance at a stage where there is little invasion, and a step of drying the mushroom waste fungus bed by the action of aerobic bacteria The aerobic inoculum, and in the step of planting the aerobic bacteria, the aerobic bacteria are sequentially discharged from the scraping device of the mushroom waste fungus bed and sequentially transferred to a storage place on a conveyor. It is characterized by introducing an inoculum.

  Further, according to one aspect of the method for drying a water-containing organic matter according to the present invention, the aerobic bacterium is propagated by leaving the mushroom waste fungus bed into which the inoculum of the aerobic bacterium has been put in the storage place for a required time. And then drying using the container apparatus for fermentation and drying.

  Moreover, according to one form of the drying method of the water-containing organic substance concerning this invention, in order to throw in the said aerobic inoculum, the rotary type | mold and screw conveyor type | mold microbe input device can be used, It can be characterized by the above-mentioned.

  Moreover, according to one aspect of the method for drying a water-containing organic material according to the present invention, the organic dry material obtained by the method for drying a water-containing organic material is used as at least a part of the aerobic inoculum. be able to.

  Further, according to one aspect of the method for drying a water-containing organic matter according to the present invention, the organic dry matter obtained by the method for drying a water-containing organic matter is used as a fuel for a heating device such as a hot air boiler, and the heating device The hot air generated from the air is introduced into the hollow of the partition wall to promote drying.

  Moreover, according to the fermented and dried organic fuel according to the present invention, the fermented and dried organic fuel is produced by the fermenting and drying container apparatus or the method for drying a hydrous organic material.

  According to the method for drying a water-containing organic material according to the present invention, the drying time by fermentation of the water-containing organic material is remarkably shortened, and a particularly advantageous effect is obtained that a drying process can be performed effectively even with a simple apparatus configuration.

It is a perspective view which shows the example of a form of the container apparatus for fermentation drying which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the fermentation drying apparatus of FIG. It is a front view which shows the use condition of the fermentation drying apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a form of a shake stopper. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a form of a partition wall. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a form of the drying apparatus system of the water-containing organic substance which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows other example forms, such as a shake stopper. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a partition wall. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a form of the box for drying which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of a form of the box for drying which concerns on this invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a best mode example relating to a fermentation drying container apparatus and a method for drying a water-containing organic substance of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a form example of a fermentation / drying container apparatus according to the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the fermentation drying apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view showing a use state of the fermentation drying apparatus of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a form example of the shake stopper, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a form example of the partition wall. Furthermore, FIG. 6 is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the form of the drying apparatus system of the water-containing organic substance which concerns on this invention.
Here, the case where the waste fungi bed of the mushroom which is an example of the raw material of a water-containing organic substance is mainly fermented and dried is demonstrated.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the form example of the container apparatus 10 for fermentation and drying according to the present invention, a granular organic material containing moisture is fermented and dried by fungi, so that a rectangular outer frame body opened up and down is used. The outline is configured.
The outer frame body 11 includes a plurality of partition walls 20 that are erected and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals so as to divide the space into which the organic raw material is charged. The partition wall 20 is provided in a hollow 25 having partition surface members 21 and 21 on both sides and allowing the inside to vent in the vertical direction. Further, the partition surface material 21 is provided with a good air permeability formed by the linear portions 21a and the linear portions 21a intersecting with each other, and is provided in a uniform lattice shape or mesh shape (see FIG. 2).

Note that the lattice shape or mesh shape formed by the linear portions 21a intersecting with the linear portions 21a is formed by knitting a wire material such as a wire mesh or integrally connected like a lath mesh. It is meant to include both forms of those formed in the state. In addition, a plastic lattice-shaped molded article having a high air permeability can be used for cost reduction.
By forming in a lattice shape or a mesh shape in this way, the aperture ratio can be increased as compared with a plate material provided with a large number of circular through holes such as punching metal. Moreover, since it is formed by the linear part, it has a form rich in uniformity as compared with a multi-hole form in which circular through holes are hollowed out. For this reason, the drying time of a water-containing organic substance can be shortened very effectively. Before the strong mycelium is formed, the drying proceeds and does not become a strong mycelium, so it can be easily discharged and taken out.

Alternatively, the partition wall 20 may be pivotally attached to the upper part of the outer frame body 11 so as to hang down. According to this, since the partition wall 20 is oscillated and easily generates a gap, the organic matter that has been fermented and hardened is easily discharged.
Furthermore, you may form the partition wall 20 in the taper shape where the thickness of an upper part is wider than the thickness of a lower part (refer FIG. 5). According to this, it has become a form which is easy to discharge | emit the organic substance which became fermented and hardened. Even in a simple form in which the partition wall 20 is fixed in the outer frame body 11, the organic matter can be effectively discharged.

Further, in this embodiment, doors 30 and 30 of the door type that opens on both sides are provided at the bottom of the outer frame body 11. In this embodiment, the pair of opening / closing doors 30 and 30 are configured to open and close in the front-rear direction. Reference numeral 40 denotes a holding lever, and a plurality of holding levers are arranged above the skirt portions 15 on both side surfaces of the outer frame body 11 so that the L-shaped one end portion 41 can enter the inside of the outer frame body 11 from the slit portion 16 of the side plate. The other end 42 is a handle that can be manually operated. When the opening / closing door 30 closes the bottom surface of the outer frame body 11, the holding lever 40 is supported by one end 41 entering the lower surface of each side portion of the opening / closing door 30. Thereby, the open / close door 30 is held in a closed state. Then, when opening the opening / closing door 30, it is only necessary to manually operate the other end portion 42 to rotate the holding lever 40 and release the support by the one end portion 41.
Note that the opening / closing mechanism of the pair of opening / closing doors 30 is not limited to this, and other mechanisms such as the configuration of the storage box described in Patent Document 2 listed in the Background Art section and support by pins may be used. Of course.

A swing stopper 31 that engages with the lower end 23 of the partition wall 20 to prevent lateral swing of the partition wall 20 when the bottom surface of the outer frame body 11 is closed on the inner surface side of the open / close doors 30 and 30 is provided. It has been. Thereby, an organic raw material can be thrown in the appropriate state which suspended the partition wall 20 provided so that rotation was possible in parallel with the side plate 14.
As shown in FIG. 4, the swing stopper 31 is a lower end portion 23 of the partition wall 20 and abuts against the outside of the partition surface materials 21 and 21 on both sides, thereby preventing the swing of the partition wall 20. It can be set as a form to match. The partition wall 20 can be securely held at a predetermined position with a simple configuration.

Further, the form of the shake stopper is not limited to the form of FIG. 4, and may be another form (see FIGS. 7 and 8) in which the concavo-convex fitting relation is different. According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the tapered lower end protrusion 23 </ b> A of the partition wall 20 is fitted into the communication hole 33 provided in the pair of opening / closing doors 30, 30, so that the partition wall 20 is predetermined. It is set to the position. According to this, it is a form which is hard to produce the influence by adhesion of a to-be-dried object, can be set suitably even if it uses repeatedly, and the shake of the partition wall 20 can be prevented suitably.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the partition wall 20 may be provided with a lid 20 </ b> B that can close the opening on the side (upper surface) into which the material to be dried is charged. According to this, an object to be dried can be prevented from entering the hollow of the partition wall 20. The lid 20B may be fixed in a closed state as long as it has air permeability.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the partition wall 20 may be formed by reinforcing a framework 20A with a rod and covering it with a plastic mesh member 20C having a high air permeability. According to this, while ensuring favorable air permeability so as to promote fermentation, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the weight can be reduced.

  In addition, a hollow portion through which air can escape vertically may be provided between the side plate 14 and the side plate 14 by stretching a partition surface member 21 used for the partition wall 20 at a predetermined interval on the inner surface of the side plate 14. According to this, the raw material is not in direct contact with the inner surface of the side plate 14, and drying of the raw material in a portion close to the inner surface of the side plate 14 can be promoted.

The pair of opening / closing doors 30 and 30 are provided with communication holes 33 so as to communicate with the hollow 25 of the partition wall 20 from the outside when the bottom surface of the outer frame body 11 is closed. That is, the communication hole 33 is opened corresponding to the position of the partition wall 20.
According to this, even when this container apparatus is stacked in the vertical direction to be stacked, it is possible to suitably ensure the flow of air in the vertical direction.

A skirt portion 15 is provided at the lower end portion 11b so that the lower end portion 11b of the other outer frame body 11 that is stacked on the upper end portion 11a of the outer frame body 11 can be stacked. Reference numeral 18 denotes a grounding portion, which is provided inside the corner of the skirt portion 15 and is a portion that is grounded on the upper end corner portion 17 of the outer frame body 11.
According to the skirt portion 15, safety can be improved, the container devices can be stacked accurately, and the connecting portions to be stacked can be protected from rain.
Further, the skirt portion 15 can be provided with a ventilation portion 15a formed by a notch or an opening so as to allow ventilation to the inside of the outer frame body 11. Drying efficiency can be improved by forcibly ventilating using the ventilation part 15a or blowing warm air.
Reference numeral 19 denotes a lifting hook, which has a U-shape for receiving a fork of a forklift. The lifting hook 19 is sized so that it can be stored in the skirt 15.

Next, using the container device for fermentation and drying described above, the water-containing organic matter (raw material) that does not require sterilization, such as mushroom waste fungus bed, is dried by the action of aerobic bacteria (good bacteria). A method will be described.
As a pre-process for charging the raw material into the fermentation drying container apparatus 10 or the like, sterilization with good bacteria is performed. For example, in the mushroom waste fungus bed at the stage where there is little invasion of miscellaneous bacteria immediately after the hyphae are cut and lost their viability by being scraped from the mushroom cultivation bottle after harvesting of the fungus bed cultivation mushrooms, Aerobic inoculum is introduced and planted (see FIG. 6).

The step of introducing the aerobic inoculum is preferably performed while being sequentially discharged from the scraping device 51 of the waste mushroom bed of mushrooms, and sequentially transferred to the storage location 53 on the conveyor 52. Only mushroom fungi are present in the mushroom waste fungus bed, and good bacteria can be planted before the germs enter, and the subsequent growth of good bacteria can be promoted to improve the drying efficiency. In addition, the inoculum can be evenly and uniformly inoculated on the mushroom waste fungus bed that is continuously transferred in small amounts on the conveyor 52. And by dropping into the storage location 53, the waste mushroom bed of mushrooms is in a state of being uniformly mixed with the inoculum.
In addition, by using a rotary type or screw conveyor type bacterial input device 55 to input the aerobic inoculum, good bacteria can be planted more uniformly and drying efficiency can be improved.
The method of planting good bacteria is not limited to this, and a method in which inoculum is introduced into the stored raw material and mixed with a mixer device or the like can also be employed.

In addition, after the mushroom waste fungus bed into which the aerobic inoculum has been put in the storage place 53 is allowed to stand for a required time to propagate the aerobic bacteria, it is dried using the aforementioned container container for fermentation and drying. Good.
According to this, the fermentation drying process using the container apparatus 10 for fermentation drying can be shortened. Therefore, the container device 10 can be most effectively utilized and the utilization efficiency can be increased.

In addition, a fermentation process is not limited to using the container apparatus 10 for fermentation drying of this example, The target fermented organic dried material can be obtained even if it uses another fermenter or a fermentation facility.
As an example of the form of the fermenter, for example, there is a drying box (Example 2) described later (see FIGS. 9 and 10). The drying box has an upper surface open and a lower surface closed with a breathable face material.

  In contrast to the above-mentioned processes that do not require sterilization, the water-containing organic raw material in which various germs such as garbage are propagated may be subjected to a heat sterilization process such as steam sterilization and then a process of introducing an aerobic inoculum. . Thereafter, when the water-containing organic material is dried by the action of an aerobic bacterium using the fermentation drying container apparatus 10 or the like as described above, it can be appropriately and efficiently dried.

The organic dried product obtained by the above method for drying a water-containing organic material may be used as at least a part of the aerobic inoculum described above. The inoculum deteriorates when regeneration is repeated, but if it is used in order to such an extent that it does not deteriorate, the cost of the inoculum can be reduced. Moreover, it is possible to use an organic dried material in large quantities as an inoculum, and it can promote fermentation.
Moreover, it is good to use the organic dried material obtained by the drying method of the above water-containing organic material as a fuel of heating apparatuses 56, such as a warm air boiler. Drying can be promoted by introducing warm air generated from the heating device 56 into the hollow 25 of the partition wall 20. The cost of drying can be greatly reduced by self-consuming organic dry matter.

Next, the Example concerning the container apparatus for fermentation drying of this invention and the drying method of a water-containing organic substance is described in detail.
The dried organic waste material dried in the fermentation apparatus of the present invention can be used as a high-grade biomass powder fuel. Organic matter such as organic waste that has been incinerated until now can be dried in a small site at a very short time and at low cost. It can be used not only as fuel, but also as a microbial material to purify the environment, protect the health of human livestock, and can be used in a variety of ways, including feed, bedding, fermenting agents, soil improvers, and agricultural and pest control materials. Greatly helps to prevent global warming. In addition, self-consumption as a heat source for heating and heating / drying can be produced in large quantities in a short time without using any petroleum energy, thus greatly reducing costs.

By fermenting organic matter containing water such as organic waste with fungi, the base material generates heat, an air flow is generated, and water is discharged to the outside. The microorganism, which is the microorganism, absorbs moisture in the material and releases it as water vapor (vaporized moisture).
In order to guide the water vapor to the outside, the hollow 25 has a flat rectangular shape opened in the vertical direction, and is configured by a pair of partition surface materials 21 and 21 such as a lath net or a lattice shape such as a highly breathable lath net. A partition wall 20 is provided (see FIG. 1 and the like).

  The partition wall 20 is pivotally attached to upper portions of the front plate 12 and the back plate 13 of the outer frame body 11 at both end portions of the upper end portion 22 thereof. Thereby, it hangs down from the upper part of the outer frame body 11 and can swing around the shaft 24. The plurality of partition walls 20 are arranged in a state where they are suspended in parallel between the left and right side plates 14, 14 of the outer frame body 11 at a predetermined interval. Further, the bottom surface is configured to be opened and closed by a pair of opening and closing doors 30 and 30 that can be opened to the lower side with hinges 35 provided at the lower portions of the front plate 12 and the back plate 13 as axes. Has been.

  In order to increase the air permeability of the partition wall 20, it is preferable that the both partition surface members 21, 21 have a net-like or lattice-like form such as a wire net, a plastic net, or a lath net with a high aperture ratio. However, if there is an inconvenience in terms of strength or the like, only one side is effective. The hyphae is very fast and stretches about 10 to 15 cm from the air contact surface in 2 to 3 days to take away moisture in the raw material. For this reason, the hollow 25 portion of the partition wall 20 needs to induce a large amount of water, so that it is preferably 3 to 10 cm, preferably 5 to 7 cm when not forcibly exhausting. When the width is too wide, the inside of the container device 10 for fermentation and drying, which is a fermenter, becomes small, and the processing amount of the water-containing organic raw material decreases.

  The interval between the partition walls 20 that is the width of the mouth into which the water-containing organic material is charged is about 15 to 40 cm, preferably 20 to 25 cm, calculated from the thickness of the mycelium. If it is too thin, the throughput will decrease, and if it is too thick, drying will not proceed. The size of the lattice-like or net-like mesh should be as large as possible so that the raw material does not leak out. The material is preferably stainless steel or plastic net or molded product (plastic net) because it does not oxidize and has high strength. In addition, when using a plastic net etc., the reinforcement material as a framework is required inside.

  Fermentation with good bacteria is performed so that the organic waste of the raw material does not cause bad odor pollution during fermentation or combustion. In the case of raw garbage or livestock excretion, the organic waste is sterilized by sterilization or sterilization by steam sterilization or the like so as not to cause spoilage fermentation or high-temperature fermentation due to various bacteria. And at the time of a suitable temperature before miscellaneous bacteria enter in the middle of cooling, an inoculum of edible bacteria which are good bacteria is added and mixed. In that case, moisture adjustment is also performed at the same time. The moisture content applied by the aerobic bacteria is approximately 40 to 70%, preferably around 50 to 60%. Rice bran, bran, corn cob meal or the like can be used to adjust the moisture. In addition, what is necessary is just to advance to a fermentation process as it is, when the water | moisture content of an organic raw material is moderate and a water | moisture content adjustment is not required.

Further, as a method of heat sterilization, superheated steam can be efficiently performed.
Furthermore, steam sterilization can be performed more efficiently by simultaneously performing during the mixing step for moisture adjustment and the like. This is because the organic raw materials are stirred when they are mixed, so that it is easy to apply the thermal energy of the vapor to the entire raw materials. In addition, moisture adjustment can be performed by directly applying steam to the raw material.

  The mixing and stirring of the organic material is performed by a mixer such as a ribbon mixer, for example, and can be loosened and homogenized before the organic material is supplied to the fermenter and fermented. Moreover, according to the heating apparatus for heating the inside of the mixer, the organic material mixed and stirred in the mixer can be sterilized efficiently.

  In addition, after the first organic dried product is completed, it is preferable to adjust the moisture with the return material from the organic dried product. When considering fuel conversion, wood, paper, cloth, and plastics with low moisture content may be shredded and used as a moisture adjusting material as part of the raw material. In addition, raw garbage, livestock excrement, and food factory residues as a nutrient source of microorganisms may be used as part of the raw material after sterilization and also for moisture adjustment.

The fermented and dried product after fermentation and drying can be used as fuel in a combustion furnace or the like as it is, but when powdered fuel is used, it may be mechanically pulverized or selected by a sieve. The large grains after the selection are used as a return material that becomes a re-fermentation base material, so that a moderate gap is maintained in the raw material and can be used as a suitable fermentation accelerator.
In addition, when the fermented organic dried product is mechanically pulverized, since the molecules are fragmented by the action of microorganisms, it can be easily pulverized.

Pollution problems such as bad odors are solved by heating and sterilizing the septic and performing pure culture of good bacteria. Moreover, good bacteria can propagate quickly and drying time can be shortened.
Here, the good bacteria are edible bacteria, and the hydrated organic material in the form of granules is fermented and dried by artificially adding edible bacteria such as yeast, bacilli and natto. By the above-described moisture adjustment and heat sterilization, conditions for propagation of edible bacteria can be suitably adjusted, and drying can be performed efficiently.

  The raw material containing the inoculum is introduced into the fermenter, and the fungus turns to the whole in 3 to 4 days. The raw material is divided by the partition walls and becomes a mass of mycelia. Since the activity of the bacteria is stabilized at this point, drying is difficult to proceed thereafter. The fermented organic matter at that time can be directly put into the combustion furnace and used as fuel. However, because there is still a lot of moisture, the freight is bulky and expensive to put on logistics, and the quality is not stable. In order to solve the problem, a second fermentation step is required. In that case, the mycelium in the form of mycelium is broken up and mixed, and then re-fermented. The fermented organic matter is discharged by opening the door at the bottom of the fermenter, and the fermented organic matter is sequentially replaced while stirring into an empty fermenter. As a result, re-fermentation starts, the temperature of the raw material rises again, and moisture is emitted. By repeating the operation 2 to 3 times, the amount of water is reduced, and a fermented and dried product having a higher degree of drying can be obtained.

Test results of fermenting and drying the mushroom waste fungus bed using the fermentation container apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 are shown below.
The fermentation container apparatus 10 was charged with 750 kg of a waste medium containing 62% water of Bunashimeji mushroom, taken out from the box on the 5th day and replaced, and after 3 days, the moisture and weight were measured to test the drying ability. As control group 1, 750 kg of the above waste medium is put into a container without partition wall 20 made of the same outer frame, taken out from the box on the fifth day, replaced, and managed in the same manner as the test group, for a total of 8 days. A drying test was conducted. Further, as a control group 2, a comparative drying test was performed under the same control as the test group and the control group 1, using a drying container in which a partition wall was formed with a punching plate.
The results are as shown in Table 1 below.

As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, in the test group, the water content of 465 kg in 8 days was reduced to less than half by fermentation and drying, and 290 kg was evaporated.
On the other hand, in the control section 1 using a container having the same outer frame shape and no partition wall, only 87 kg is dried.
Moreover, in the control group 2, although fermentation temperature rises, the part which contact | connected the plate raise | generates rot fermentation, and turns black, and a water | moisture content does not diverge. Therefore, in the control group 2, it can be understood that a bad odor is generated and the drying efficiency is also lowered.

  When a large amount of fermented organic dry matter is produced as fuel, feed, fertilizer, etc., the fermenters can be stacked in a multistage manner as shown in FIG. 3, and a large amount of processing can be performed in a narrow place. Moreover, fermentation drying can be performed outdoors as needed. Since the outside is well ventilated, it can be fermented and dried under better conditions. For outdoor drying, as shown in FIG. 3, it is advisable to put a simple roof on the top to prevent rain. Thus, a fermented organic dried product can be produced without alteration even outdoors.

  Furthermore, when there is a need to increase the degree of dryness, a biofuel made of an organic dried product produced in this fermenter can be used. The biofuel is burned with a hot air boiler, a steam boiler, a hot water boiler or the like, and the fermented organic matter is heated and dried, so that the drying can be rapidly advanced to a target moisture content. For the heating and drying, it is sufficient to heat only the last day. In addition, as a heating method, in addition to using a boiler as in floor heating, electric heat can also be used.

  And in order to accelerate | stimulate fermentation faster, it is good to raise the raw material after adding an inoculum high in a mountain shape in another place, and leave it for about 2 to 3 days, and put into a fermenter after that. According to this, since the culture of bacteria spreads over the whole raw material and the fever has started, it can be put into the fermentor, and the fermentation is further promoted, so the utilization efficiency of the fermenter can be enhanced.

  Since the temperature falls in winter, when the front plate 12, the back plate 13 and the both side plates 14 and 14 of the outer frame body 11 forming the fermenter are made of iron plates, it is preferable to stretch a wood plate with the inner surface carbonized. According to this, heat retention can be improved and fermentation can be accelerated | stimulated.

A large amount of organic waste discharged from a food factory is generally sterilized by high-temperature steam or hot water, and is discharged in an almost aseptic state. In addition, there are no fungi other than mushrooms in the waste bed immediately after the mushrooms discharged from the mushroom factory are harvested.
These organic wastes can be cultivated purely by giving specific conditions preferred by the inoculum to be added. Therefore, immediately after discharge of waste, invasion of spoilage bacteria can be prevented by adding an inoculum suitable for the purpose onto the discharge line before contamination with germs (see FIG. 6). This can solve the problem of bad odor pollution caused by corruption. Further, the dried fermented dried product does not generate malodor even when burned.
In addition, stable quality can always be maintained by adjusting the addition amount of the inoculum according to the discharge amount of the waste flowing on the discharge line.

Moreover, drying of a water-containing organic raw material can be accelerated | stimulated by using the hollow 25 of the partition wall 20, forcibly ventilating with a ventilation fan, or sending a warm air and forcibly heating. At this time, the air may be blown through the hollow 25 from below to above.
And according to the container apparatus 10 for fermentation drying concerning this invention, when it piles up in multiple stages, it becomes the structure where the hollow 25 became the arrangement | sequence continuously up and down in multiple stages, and the air escapes through the some hollow 25 It can promote drying.

The present invention is a technique which aims to obtain more organic dry fuel, for example, without reducing the capacity of the organic raw material as much as possible. Therefore, it is the opposite of general garbage reduction, and it is a technology that can make maximum use of garbage as a useful resource such as solid fuel.
In addition, as a part of organic raw materials, the thing with fluidity like sludge is included. In the present invention, by mixing such fluid organic raw materials as appropriate, the water content can be adjusted to become a fuel.

Below, the other Example of a fermenter is described based on FIG.9 and FIG.10. This fermenter is a drying box 100 whose upper side is open.
The drying box 100 is made of a highly breathable material such as a mesh or lattice, and can further reduce the drying time. This is because air permeability is good and the portion in contact with the material (hydrous organic matter) can be made as small as possible, so that fermentation can be promoted and natural drying by air flow can be promoted.
Examples of the air-permeable material such as a mesh or a lattice that form each component surface of the drying box 100 include a lath net, a wire net, a perforated plate, a plastic net (including those formed in a grid) or a string. A mesh material in a knitted state can be used.

Further, the drying box 100 is provided with a partition wall 120 that is formed into a hollow wall shape and is ventilated by a material having high air permeability as described above, so that the drying speed can be further increased. it can. The drying box 100 in FIG. 9 has a plurality of partition walls 120 fixed in parallel in the left-right direction. The drying box 100 in FIG. It is fixed in parallel with an interval in the direction. In addition, the frame of the drying box is formed of a rod (metal bar), and has a structure in which a net is stretched on the frame, so that weight reduction is achieved.
The inside of the hollow of the partition wall 120 is a space in which water-containing organic matter is prevented from entering and air can circulate. Therefore, the upper surface portion of the partition wall 120 may be covered with the above-described material having high air permeability so that the air permeability is sufficient and water-containing organic matter does not enter the inside.

Further, in the drying box 100 of the present embodiment, a rectangular tube 150 into which a forklift claw enters is fixed to the bottom so that the forklift can be reversed by a forklift having a claw that can be reversed about a horizontal axis. And as for the cross-sectional shape of the partition wall 120 of the drying box, the upper side is a tapered shape (see FIG. 9 or FIG. 10).
According to this, when storing a water-containing organic substance, a frontage is wide and it is easy to put in. When the drying box is inverted, the water-containing organic matter can be dropped and easily discharged. Therefore, workability can be improved and production efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, according to this drying box 120, it is possible to accumulate and store, and it is possible to perform fermentation and drying by effectively using the height space even in a small area, thereby improving productivity.
By the way, this drying box is a net cage with a rational form of netting, and is used as a fermentation drying tank in the present invention, but it may be used as another drying tank that does not utilize the fermentation action. For example, it can be used for drying other water-containing organic substances such as wood chips.

Next, the drying method of the mushroom waste microbial bed which can utilize the above invention is demonstrated.
A culture process for inoculating and fermenting a fungus group (good bacteria) for low-temperature fermentation on mushroom waste bed generated in fungus bed cultivation of mushrooms, and fever and growth of the good bacteria According to a method having a primary drying step of drying by action and a secondary drying step of drying and sterilizing by applying hot air while stirring the mushroom waste bed, the mushroom waste bed can be efficiently dried. For example, the moisture content is dried to about 40% in the primary drying step, and the moisture content is dried to about 20% in the secondary drying step. According to this, since much water can be evaporated by the action of fermentation in the primary drying step, energy consumption for drying can be greatly reduced.

Since the secondary drying process is performed by blowing hot air with a rotary kiln type drying apparatus, it can be efficiently dried in large quantities at a low cost. Moreover, the secondary drying process can be characterized by heating in the range of 100 ° C to 400 ° C. By being in this temperature range, sterilization is appropriately performed and carbonization of the mushroom waste fungus bed can be prevented. According to this, the mushroom waste fungus bed can be suitably recycled as a medium material (regeneration medium material) for fungus bed cultivation of mushrooms.
Moreover, since the said hot air is superheated steam, the dried material of the fermented material of a mushroom waste microbial bed can be used suitably as a raw material for livestock.

In addition, the mushroom medium material obtained by the above method can be used as a mushroom medium material that prefers a medium composed of organic materials that are more biodegraded. According to this, mushroom production can be increased by using the regenerated mushroom medium material for mushrooms of a different type from the previously cultivated mushrooms. For example, a waste medium of enoki can be fermented, dried and sterilized, and can be used as a part of the material of the medium of Bunashimeji.
In addition, although it is preferable to use the fermenter mentioned above as a fermentation method, you may use another method. For example, the technique described in Patent Document 1 shown in the background art column can be used.

In addition, according to the drying method including the fermentation process for producing the fermented product and the heating process that also serves as a sterilization treatment, the following effects are obtained.
First, a fermentation process is fermentation by the above-mentioned good bacteria, fermentation temperature is 40 to 50 degreeC, and there is no generation | occurrence | production of the malodor by ammonia etc.
Further, in the secondary drying process, since it can be heat-sterilized to increase the degree of drying, it becomes a material that can be easily stored and managed. In addition, this dried material can be suitably used as a fuel.
Furthermore, mushroom residue etc. can be decomposed | disassembled by the heating of a secondary drying process, and since porous-ization can be accelerated | stimulated by drying, water absorption can be improved. Therefore, as a medium material for mushrooms, factors that help mushroom growth can be enhanced.

  As described above, the present invention has been variously described with reference to preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it is needless to say that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. That is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fermentation drying container apparatus 11 Outer frame body 12 Front board 13 Back board 14 Side board 15 Skirt part 15a Ventilation part 20 Partition wall 21 Partition surface material 21a Linear part 25 Hollow 30 Open / close door 31 Swing stopper 33 Communication hole 51 Scraping apparatus 52 Conveyor 53 Storage location 55 Bacterial charging device 56 Heating device

Further, according to one aspect of the method for drying a water-containing organic matter according to the present invention, the aerobic bacterium is propagated by leaving the mushroom waste fungus bed into which the inoculum of the aerobic bacterium has been put in the storage place for a required time. Thereafter, the waste mushroom bed may be dried by the action of aerobic bacteria .

Claims (3)

After harvesting of fungus bed cultivation mushrooms, the mushrooms are scraped from the mushroom cultivation bottle. A process of inoculating and planting aerobic bacteria,
A method for drying a water-containing organic matter, comprising a step of drying the waste mushroom bed by the action of aerobic bacteria,
In the step of inserting and planting the aerobic inoculum, the aerobic inoculum is introduced while being sequentially discharged from the scraping device of the mushroom waste fungus bed and sequentially transferred to a storage place on a conveyor. A method for drying a water-containing organic material.   The mushroom waste fungus bed charged with the aerobic bacteria inoculum at the storage location is allowed to stand for a required time to propagate the aerobic bacteria, and then dried using the container container for fermentation and drying. The method for drying a water-containing organic material according to claim 1.   The method for drying a water-containing organic material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a rotary type or screw conveyor type bacterial charging device is used to input the aerobic inoculum.

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