JP6854499B1 - Method for producing valuable resources derived from mushroom waste medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing valuable resources such as pellets from a waste medium of mushrooms. SOLUTION: This method is a method for producing valuable resources derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium and a pellet forming step of pelletizing after the drying step, and the drying step is an arbitrary method for producing the mushroom waste medium. It comprises a first step of making a powder having a water content of more than 25% and 55% or less, and a second step of making the powder into a water content of 17 to 25% by high temperature stirring. [Selection diagram] None

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a valuable material derived from a mushroom waste medium, which turns the mushroom waste medium into a valuable resource such as fuel and litter.

In recent years, more than 300,000 tons of waste bacteria beds (waste media) have been discharged domestically in mushroom cultivation, which has become an environmental problem such as foul odor. On the other hand, attempts to effectively utilize such waste media, such as reuse, are spreading. Examples of such attempts include fuel conversion and litter conversion. There are some that dry the waste medium and use it as a fuel as it is, and some that use the powder as a fuel after molding, such as further pelletizing it.

However, the waste medium contains a large amount of water, and has many problems in reuse, such as being perishable and highly viscous. Such problems also affect the quality of valuable resources such as pellets. For example, mold may be generated from the pellets, or the strength of the pellets may vary.

When reusing the waste medium as fuel, etc., it is usually transported to a facility that has equipment for converting the waste medium generated at the site (mushroom cultivation plant) into fuel, etc., and the stones are separated, dried, molded, etc. Processing will be performed. It is required to solve the above problems by improving the design, operation, management, etc. of these processes.

Here, as an invention for producing fuel or the like from mushroom waste medium, the used medium of the mushroom cultivation medium used for mushroom cultivation is dried, and the dried used medium is pelletized, granular, tablet-shaped and flake-shaped. There is a biomass fuel production method (Patent Document 1) in which a biomass fuel is produced by molding into any of the above shapes.

Further, as an invention of the fuel production apparatus, in a biomass fuel production apparatus for producing solid fuel by drying waste medium used for mushroom cultivation, a screw conveyor that dries and compresses while transporting raw materials, and the screw. A fixed-quantity feeder provided at the start end of the conveyor and quantitatively supplying the raw material input from the hopper into the screw conveyor, and a fixed-quantity feeder provided at the end of the screw conveyor, which is dried, compressed and solidified in the screw conveyor. The screw conveyor is provided with a molding unit for cutting and sizing the raw material, and the screw conveyor has a double-structured trough having an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, two screws that rotate and convey in the trough, and a screw conveyor. A means for introducing a heat medium into the rotating shaft of the screw and between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the trough and a means for decompressing and exhausting the inside of the inner cylinder are provided, and the screw is provided on the screw conveyor inlet side and on the screw conveyor inlet side. The pitch of the middle part is formed wider than the pitch of the outlet side, and the water squeezing part that compresses the raw material and squeezes the water is formed on the inlet side, and the water evaporating part that loosens the raw material and evaporates the water is provided at the outlet. There is a biomass fuel production apparatus (Patent Document 2) characterized in that a raw material solidification section for compressing and solidifying the raw material is provided on each side.

In addition, as an invention of drying the mushroom waste medium, invasion of various germs immediately after the mycelium is cut and the growth ability is lost by being scraped from the mushroom cultivation bottle after the harvest of the mushrooms grown in the fungus bed is completed. A method for drying a hydrous organic substance, which comprises a step of injecting an aerobic inoculum into a mushroom waste bed, which is a hydrous organic substance at a small stage, and planting the mushroom waste bed by the action of an aerobic bacterium. In the step of injecting and planting the aerobic inoculum, the aerobic inoculum is sequentially discharged from the mushroom waste bed scraping device and sequentially transferred to a storage place on a conveyor. There is a method for drying a hydrous organic substance (Patent Document 3), which is characterized by charging.

Further, as inventions of an apparatus, a method, etc. for drying the mushroom waste medium, a receiving hopper into which the waste medium generated after mushroom cultivation is charged, a waste medium from the receiving hopper, and a dry powder from the return conveyor described later are used. With a mixer for adjusting the water content, a fluidized dry crusher for crushing the mixed waste medium from the mixer, a suction blower for sucking the dry powder in the fluidized dry crusher, and the suction blower. A dry powder recovery machine that collects the derived dry powder, a distribution damper that distributes the dry powder collected by the dry powder recovery machine to two systems, and a distribution damper that distributes the distributed dry powder to the mixer. In addition to being provided with a return conveyor, a vibrating sieve that sifts the distributed dry powder into coarse and fine parts by vibration, and the crude dry powder by the vibrating sieve are conveyed. It is equipped with a screw conveyor and a specific gravity sorter for obtaining a dried product by specific gravity sorting of fine dry powder by the vibrating sieve, while separating coarse dry powder from the screw conveyor into high temperature gas and incineration ash. There is a mushroom waste medium drying device (Patent Document 4), which comprises a cyclone incinerator.

In addition to the above, it is a drying method used in the process of producing wood pellets using raw wood such as thinned wood, in which crushed raw wood is dried with hot air, and the crushed raw wood is used in a hot air dryer. While supplying and continuously transporting the inside of the dryer from the inlet to the outlet at a constant speed, hot air is supplied into the dryer to dry the crushed raw wood and supply it to the dryer. The moisture content A of the crushed raw wood and the hourly supply amount B of the crushed raw wood supplied to the dryer are continuously measured, and the water supply per hour supplied to the dryer. A drying method characterized by controlling the supply amount B so that the amount (A × B) is a constant amount calculated so that the crushed raw wood after drying has a preset water content (A x B). There is Patent Document 5).

Patent Document 1 discloses that the waste medium is dried so that the water content before molding into any of pellet-like, granular, tablet-like and flake-like shapes is 13% or less. Specifically, waste medium with a moisture content of 60 to 70% collected from a mushroom cultivation facility is stored, and the moisture content is dried to about 12% by dehydration with a dehydrator and drying with a blower (primary drying), and then pellet molding. It is formed into pellets having a diameter of about 6 mm and a length of about 10 to 15 mm using an apparatus, and further dried (secondary drying) to a moisture content of 10% by blowing and cooling the secondary drying apparatus.

In Patent Document 2, a waste medium such as shimeji mushroom having a water content of 70 to 80% and a waste medium such as enoki mushroom or eringi mushroom having a water content of 50 to 60% are mixed to make the relative water content about 65%. At the same time, it has been shown that a deodorant is mixed to prepare a raw material for fuel production, and the raw material is charged into the apparatus according to the present invention to be dried and solidified until a predetermined water content is reached.

Patent Document 3 discloses a method for drying a hydrous organic substance, which comprises a step of inoculating an aerobic inoculum into a mushroom waste bed and a step of drying the mushroom waste bed by the action of an aerobic bacterium. ..

In Patent Document 4, a mushroom waste medium having a water content of 60 to 70% containing rice bran generated after mushroom cultivation and a dry powder obtained by drying and crushing the mushroom waste medium were mixed to adjust the water content to 40 to 50%. After that, it may be dried and crushed, sorted by specific gravity, etc., and incinerated as a coarse dry powder with a moisture content of 8 to 15%, or the dry powder with a light specific gravity may be made into a reusable dry waste medium. It is shown.

Patent Document 5 describes a moisture content 8 required for appropriately coating the surface of wood pellets with lignin using a hot air dryer equipped with a control means for a raw wood crushing raw material having a moisture content of 30 to 60%. It has been shown that wood pellets are produced by drying to a range of ~ 13% or less, more preferably 9 to 12.5% or less.

As described above, there are some inventions relating to a production method, a production method, and the like for the purpose of obtaining valuable resources such as fuel from the waste medium of mushrooms.

However, Patent Document 1 only shows the water content of the waste medium and the water content before and after pelletization, and Patent Document 2 only shows the water content of the waste medium. Patent Document 3 only shows that the waste medium can be dried to a predetermined water content by fermenting and drying aerobic bacteria. Patent Document 4 states that the water content of the mixed waste medium is adjusted to 40 to 50% by returning to the waste medium and mixing the dry powder from the conveyor, and the crude dry powder supplied to the cyclone incinerator. It is only shown that the water content of is 8 to 15%. Patent Document 5 only shows that the water content of a raw wood crushing raw material having a large fluctuation range of 30 to 60% and the water content required for coating with lignin in pellet molding are 8 to 13%. ..

As described above, when producing fuel, etc. from waste medium, it is important to transport the waste medium to a facility equipped with facilities for fuel conversion, etc. from the timing of waste medium generation, and to dispose of the waste medium at the facility. .. If this is insufficient, it will adversely affect quality and cost.

In view of such a problem, the invention according to Patent Document 1 is formed by drying a waste medium having a water content of 60 to 70% to 12% and then molding the waste medium. There is a problem that a large amount of energy is required and the cost related to the device or the like increases. The invention according to Patent Document 2 is to put a mixed waste medium having a water content of about 65% into a biomass fuel production apparatus, but the apparatus is required, and to what extent the moisture content of the waste medium is reduced by the apparatus. I don't know. The invention according to Patent Document 3 is to dry the waste medium to a predetermined water content, but administration of an inoculum is indispensable, and it is unknown at what timing and to what extent. The invention according to Patent Document 4 is to incinerate a mixed waste medium having a water content of 40 to 50% into a coarse powder having a water content of 8 to 15%, which is used to produce valuable resources such as pellet fuel. The issues are different, not the intended ones. Since the invention according to Patent Document 5 does not control the water content of the raw wood crushing raw material of 30 to 60% before being put into the dryer, there is a possibility that the energy required for operation will be excessive if uniform operation processing is performed. is there. Further, the present invention is expected to act with lignin in pellet molding, and the preconditions are different from those of the waste medium in which lignin is decomposed by mushrooms.

Further, it is not suggested that the inventions according to Patent Documents 1 to 5 solve the following problems in converting the waste medium into a valuable resource such as fuel.

That is, one of the problems is prevention of quality deterioration of products (fuel, etc.) due to quality deterioration of waste medium. Depending on the state of the waste medium, it may become a dumpling state (lump) in the dryer during the drying process. This is one of the factors that reduce the quality of fuel and the like.

Furthermore, the progress of putrefaction of the waste medium leads to the development of foul odors and mold. In order to prevent spoilage, it is necessary to properly control the water content of the waste medium in each process.

The inventions according to Patent Documents 1 to 5 do not solve the above problems.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-12890 JP-A-2010-77201 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-226558 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-5822 JP-A-2015-52418

The problem to be solved by the present invention is a method for producing valuable resources such as fuel from the waste medium of mushrooms, which suppresses the generation of foul odor and mold from the waste medium and produces high quality and low cost valuable resources. Is to provide.

The first invention is a method for producing valuable resources derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step. Is characterized by comprising a first step of converting the mushroom waste medium into a powder having a water content of 45 to 55% by an arbitrary method, and a second step of converting the powder into a powder having a water content of 17 to 25% by high temperature stirring. This is a method for producing valuable resources derived from the waste medium of mushrooms. The second invention is a method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step. The drying step is the first step of converting the mushroom waste medium into a powder having a water content of more than 25% and 55% or less by any method within 7 days after harvesting the mushroom. The powder is stirred at a high temperature to have a water content of 17 to 25. It is a method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a second step of making% . Further, the third invention comprises at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium, a storage step of storing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the storage step. A method for producing valuable resources derived from mushroom waste medium, wherein the drying step is a first step of converting the mushroom waste medium into a powder having a water content of 45 to 55% by an arbitrary method, and the powder is water-containing by high-temperature stirring. It is a method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a second step of adjusting the rate to 17 to 25%. The fourth invention comprises at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium, a storage step of storing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the storage step. A method for producing valuable resources derived from a mushroom waste medium, wherein the drying step makes the mushroom waste medium into a powder having a water content of more than 25% and 55% or less by any method within 7 days after harvesting the mushrooms. It is a method for producing a valuable material derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a second step of making the powder have a water content of 17 to 25% by stirring at a high temperature . The fifth invention is a method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium and a bagging step of bagging the mushroom waste medium after the drying step. The drying step is a first step of converting the mushroom waste medium into a powder having a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by an arbitrary method, and a second step of turning the powder into a powder having a water content of 25 to 35% by high-temperature stirring. It is a method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium, which is characterized by being composed of. In the sixth invention, the mushroom waste medium is made into a powder having a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by a step of pellet forming after making the mushroom waste medium have a water content of 17 to 25% by high temperature stirring, or after making it into a powder having a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by high temperature stirring. A method for producing a mushroom waste medium powder, which comprises setting the water content of the mushroom waste medium to 45 to 55% by any method for use in the bagging step. Further, in the seventh invention, the mushroom waste medium is made into a powder having a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by a step of pellet forming after making the mushroom waste medium have a water content of 17 to 25% by high temperature stirring, or after making the powder with a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by high temperature stirring. in order to provide the step of bagging, the upper limit of the water content of the mushroom waste medium in any manner within 7 days from the mushroom harvest as before climate than, mushroom waste medium, characterized by the following 55% This is a powder manufacturing method. The invention of eighth, subjecting the powder produced by the production method of the invention of a 6 or 7 to the step of said object, valuable mushroom waste medium, wherein the TURMERIC row processing according to the process It is a manufacturing method of. Further, the ninth invention is at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium by high temperature stirring, a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and bagging the mushroom waste medium after the drying step. A method for producing valuable resources derived from mushroom waste medium, which comprises a bagging step. As a step after the drying step, either the pellet forming step or the bagging step is appropriately selected, and the pellet forming step is selected. Occasionally, the drying step makes the mushroom waste medium have a water content of 17 to 25%, and when the bagging step is selected, the drying step makes the mushroom waste medium have a water content of 25 to 35%. This is a method for producing valuable resources derived from the waste medium of mushrooms. Further, the tenth invention is at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium by high temperature stirring, a storage step of storing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and pellet molding for pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the storage step. A method for producing valuable resources derived from mushroom waste medium, which comprises a bagging step of bagging the mushroom waste medium after the step and the drying step, and the step after the storage step is either the pellet forming step or the bagging step. The step is appropriately selected, and when the pellet forming step is selected, the drying step sets the mushroom waste medium to a water content of 17 to 25%, and the storage step maintains the water content range. At the time of selection, the drying step is a method for producing valuable resources derived from mushroom waste medium, characterized in that the mushroom waste medium has a water content of 25 to 35% and the storage step has a water content range.

The present invention can be expected to have the effect of producing valuable resources such as high-quality fuel from mushroom waste medium hygienically and at low cost.

FIG. 1 shows the appearance of the mushroom waste medium powder in the powder processing plant and storage plant. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of days for drying the mushroom waste medium and the water content. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the water content and pH when stones are separated from the mushroom waste medium. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the water content and pH when stones are not separated from the mushroom waste medium. FIG. 5 is a process flow chart for obtaining valuable resources from the waste medium of mushrooms.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

(1) A treatment method for producing pellets from a fungus bed mushroom waste medium as a pellet material will be described. Here, the pellet material is a material for producing valuable resources (recycled products) such as fuel and litter, which is the final product, and the waste medium after harvesting mushrooms is reduced in water until it becomes powdery. It means that it is ready to be put into a dryer. First, a powdered mushroom waste medium was prepared. In this example, a waste medium discharged after cultivation of Bunashimeji mushrooms was used at the Toyama Mushroom Center (Hokuto Corporation) (the water content of the waste medium immediately after harvesting mushrooms is about 65%). The fungus bed is composed of hardwood sawdust and rice bran. Generally, the fungus bed is composed of a wood base material such as sawdust and a nutrient source such as rice bran, and contains a large amount of water. Hardwoods such as beech, nara, and tochi, and conifers such as sugi and pine can also be used as the wood base material, and not only rice bran but also muginuka (bran), corn bran, and wheat flour can be used as nutrient sources. Etc. can also be used. In addition, the types of mushrooms to be cultivated are not limited to Bunashimeji mushrooms. It has been confirmed that the same results as in this example can be obtained for the waste medium of shiitake mushrooms other than Bunashimeji (the description is omitted). Based on these, the present invention is applied to mushrooms in general, such as King trumpet mushroom, Maitake mushroom, Enokitake mushroom, and Pleurotus ostreatus.

(2) Powdering The prepared mushroom waste medium (approximately 350 to 400 kg) was separated from stones and dried by blowing air (aeration). Aeration can be carried out by using normal air as it is or by heating it (for example, warm air at 60 ° C.). The bacterial bed used in this example became brittle and powdered as it dried (Fig. 1). According to this repeated evaluation, in the case of a waste medium of a fungus bed mainly composed of a wood-based base material, the water content is reduced to 55% or less within 7 days after harvesting, thereby suppressing the generation of odor and suitable for the drying treatment in the next step. It was confirmed that the material could be used as a pellet material with stable quality (it was confirmed that the odor was suppressed for at least 1 to 2 weeks after drying and the material could be used as a pellet material without any problem). Here, the water content in the present invention is obtained by dividing the weight of water by the sum of the weight of water and the weight of solid content, and means the average value of a plurality of samples. The aeration device (manufacturer: Miraie Co., Ltd.) in this embodiment blows air from a plurality of holes provided in a plurality of rod-shaped exhaust pipes installed at the bottom of powder deposited at about 1 meter. Is. It was confirmed that if the moisture content is up to about 50%, it can be dried without requiring a large amount of heat like a dryer. It is also possible to reduce the water content to 50% or less by changing the drying conditions. For example, the effect of aeration can be further enhanced by reducing the amount of waste medium deposited as compared with this example, and the waste medium can be kept in the range of water content of more than 25% and 55% or less in this step.

In powdering, the water content when the stones were dried as they were without being separated from the mushroom waste medium of the same weight was also confirmed (Fig. 2). FIG. 2 shows an example of the drying days and water content of the mushroom waste medium (a sample having a depth of about 40 cm from the top of the sediment) at the same time. It was confirmed that the stones tended to dry faster when separated. In addition, in the process of drying the waste medium of the accumulated mushrooms, the temperature difference inside (depths of about 40 cm and about 80 cm) was confirmed before stirring, and the maximum temperature difference when the stones were separated was 8.2 ° C. The minimum temperature difference is 0.4 ° C, the average temperature difference is 6.0 ° C, the maximum temperature difference without separating the mushrooms is 17.0 ° C, the minimum temperature difference is 2.4 ° C, and the average temperature difference is 8.2 ° C. Met.

In addition, the relationship between the water content and pH of the mushroom waste medium was confirmed (FIGS. 3 and 4). FIG. 3 shows an example of the relationship between the water content and pH when the stones are separated, and FIG. 4 shows the case where the stones are not separated. Within the water content range assumed in this step, a negative correlation was confirmed in which the pH increased as the water content decreased when stones were separated. This tendency was not confirmed when the stones were not separated.

After harvesting the mushrooms, it was confirmed that if the waste medium was left untreated without any treatment, putrefaction would occur more than 7 days after the mushrooms were harvested. In this case, it was confirmed that the pH tended to decrease with the passage of time.

(3) Drying After the waste medium was made into powder, the powder was put into a hot air dryer through a charging hopper. The dryer used in this embodiment is a paddle dryer (manufactured by Hildebrand Co., Ltd .: model number HD14 / WTD) that rotates inside to agitate powder and send hot air. The powder charged into the dryer was brought to a moisture content of 20% in 30 seconds (the processing amount of the dryer was 1064 kg / hour). Here, when the water content of the mushroom waste medium put into the dryer was 55% or less, no lumps were confirmed in the dryer. On the other hand, it was confirmed that when the water content exceeds 55%, lumps are likely to occur.

Further, it was confirmed that the system configuration according to the present invention can produce pellets of the desired quality by achieving a water content of 17 to 25% in the drying process. Table 1 shows the water content of the waste medium after drying and the properties of the pellets in the drying step. If the moisture content exceeds 25% in the drying step, mold may be generated from the pellets during storage. When the water content was 25% or less, no mold was observed even after several weeks. Further, in the macroscopic evaluation, shine was generated on the surface of the pellet from a water content of about 25%, and when the water content was 20% or less, a high-grade luster was confirmed on the surface of the pellet. It was confirmed that when the water content was further lowered (at a water content of 10% or less), the bondability of the pellets became weaker. Further, when the pellets were dropped into water, it was confirmed that those having a water content of more than 25% were easily decomposed, but those having a water content of 25% or less were confirmed to be difficult to decompose.

(4) Storage / Mixing After drying with a dryer, the powder having the above water content was stored in a storage mixer for several hours to several days. This step functions as a buffer for stable production of pellets in the next step (pelletization), and is also a step for maintaining a constant powder water content and stabilizing the quality. The mixer used in this example has a maximum powder storage capacity of 5 tons, and can maintain the water content of the powder through stirring, warm air aeration, and exhaust. Further, the mixer is equipped with a dust collecting and deodorizing mechanism. As a result, the more the powder is allowed to stand in a constant dry state, and the more the treatment such as aeration is performed, the more volatile components such as odor are released from the powder, and the separation of fine powder is promoted. However, even if the step is omitted, the quality of the pellets does not deteriorate. In addition, the mixer and mixing in the present invention may include the meaning of storage device and storage because the powder may be allowed to stand before and after mixing even when it is not used together with the terms storage device and storage.

(5) Pelletization After storage, a powder having a water content of 20% was put into a pellet molding apparatus (pelletizer: manufactured by Shinko Koki Co., Ltd.) to prepare pellets for fuel. The pelletizer used in this embodiment is a ring die type and has a capacity of 1.5 tons / hour. The properties of the obtained pellets are as follows.
・ Approximately 6 mm in diameter
・ Length approximately 10 to 30 mm
・ Columnar ・ Bulk density 0.5-0.6kg / m ³
・ Moisture content about 17%
・ Ash content 4-8%
・ No odor immediately after production and several weeks after production ・ No mold growth immediately after production and several weeks after production ・ Dark brown color (good product)
Due to the influence of frictional heat of the pelletizer during molding, the water content of the pellets was reduced to 17%. Repeated evaluation confirmed that the water content decreased by 3 to 5% through pelletization. It was confirmed that the pellets obtained from the powder when the stones according to FIG. 4 were not separated were of the same quality as the above.

The powder production will be described below.
(1) Drying Even when it is made into powdery valuable resources, it is the same as the production of pellets until it is put into the dryer. That is, within 7 days from the time of harvesting the mushrooms, the waste medium was reduced to a water content of 55% or less and subjected to the drying treatment in the next step. In the production of the powder, the powder put into the dryer had a water content of 30% in 15 seconds. As a result of repeated evaluations, it was confirmed that even if the water content of the powder is set to a high value (25 to 35%) by a treatment such as bagging, the quality can be maintained such that mold does not occur even after several weeks.

(2) Storage / Mixing After drying with a dryer, the powder having the above water content was stored in a storage mixer for several hours to several days. The action and effect of this step are the same as in the case of pellet production.

(3) Powder bagging After storage, the powder was put into a powder bagging machine and used as fuel. The properties of the obtained powder are as follows.
・ Particle size approximately 0.1 to 0.4 mm
・ Moisture content about 30%
-A flexible container bag was packed with 500 to 600 kg of powder using a mushroom powder bagging machine.

As described above, through Examples 1 and 2, it was confirmed that the method for producing valuable resources derived from the waste medium of mushrooms was examined, problems such as foul odors were solved, and valuable resources of the desired quality could be produced.

First, by reducing the water content of the mushroom waste medium generated in mushroom farmers to 55% or less within 7 days, it is possible to delay the progress of putrefaction and suppress odor without the need for special equipment, administration, or operation. Was suggested. It was also suggested that pH can be used as an index for the suitability of stone separation treatment and the progress of putrefaction of waste medium. For example, when the stones were separated and treated, a negative correlation was confirmed that the pH increased as the water content decreased (Fig. 3), and it can be judged that the waste medium was properly treated based on this (Fig. 3). .. In this example, the range of water content at the time of pH measurement does not always match depending on the presence or absence of stones, but the average pH of the separated stones was higher. This can determine the suitability of the treatment not only by whether or not the water content and pH show a negative correlation, but also by whether or not the average pH is raised by separating the stones. For example, the average pH when the mushrooms are separated is higher than the average pH when the mushrooms are not separated (pre-measured or measured for comparison) (eg, water content 45-55). It was suggested that it can be judged that the stones are the mushroom waste medium that has been properly separated and treated) when the difference in average pH is 1 or more in terms of the numerical value in%. When only the waste medium from which the stones have been separated is used as the pellet material, the waste medium judged to be unsuitable in these suitability judgments may be excluded from the pellet production process. In addition, such a judgment using pH as an index is also useful when stones are used as a pellet material without being separated from the waste medium. Since stones can be an obstacle to the production of high-quality pellets, they are generally separated and removed. However, in this example, pellets of the same quality as those separated from stones can be produced by performing appropriate treatment. Was confirmed. For example, in the range of the water content of 47 to 63% shown in FIG. 4 or in the vicinity thereof, if the pH decrease with time is approximately 1 or less as compared with the initial pH, it is judged to be suitable for pellet production. can do. Further, a waste medium having a pH decrease of more than 1 until the water content is 55% or less can be determined to be excluded from the pellet production process.

Further, in this embodiment, the first drying treatment is performed by aeration, but if the above conditions are satisfied, it is considered that the quality of the final product is not affected. Therefore, any form of drying may be used as long as it is a method that does not alter the components constituting the waste medium (does not cause putrefaction or other forced chemical changes), that is, a physical or mechanical drying method. For example, decompression and vacuum drying may be used, and in the case of blowing air, not only normal temperature and hot air but also cold air may be used. Further, the waste medium may be manually separated and dried in the sun, or the waste medium may be brought into contact with a water-absorbent material such as a sponge and dried, and these may be combined. It may be a thing. However, methods of changing the components in the waste medium to unpredictable ones, such as administration of microorganisms, are excluded.

Waste medium satisfying the above conditions can be stocked until it is used in the next step while maintaining its quality for a certain period of time. For example, when the pellet is produced by setting the water content of the waste medium to 17 to 25% in the next step, the water content should be in the range of more than 25% and 55% or less in the previous step, and the water content of the waste medium should be set to 25 in the next step. When the powder is produced at ~ 35%, a large amount of work-in-process can be stocked as a work-in-process by setting the water content in the range of more than 35% and 55% or less in the previous step. This makes it possible for mushroom farmers who generate waste medium to dry the waste medium to a predetermined water content, reduce the weight, and then transport it to the site where the next step of drying treatment is performed as needed.

It was also confirmed that the occurrence of lumps can be suppressed in the hot air stirring type dryer by setting the water content of the mushroom waste medium to 55% or less. Since the generation of lumps can be caused by stirring and mixing mushroom waste medium, the control of lumps is not limited to specific stirring and drying, but is not limited to paddle type, propeller type, disc turbine type, anchor type, and scoop type. Any form may be used as long as it is agitated in a high temperature state (at least above the aeration temperature).

Using the waste medium obtained through the above steps, it was possible to produce valuable resources of the desired quality by adjusting the waste medium to a desired water content in the steps after the drying step. In particular, when pellets are manufactured in the drying process, the moisture content is set within the range of 17 to 25%, and when powder is manufactured, the moisture content is set within the range of 25 to 35% to achieve both quality and cost. At the same time, we were able to produce the desired valuable resources.

Further, it is possible to have two systems, a line for producing pellets and a line for producing powders, with the drying step as a branching point (FIG. 5). Although FIG. 5 shows a storage / mixing step after the drying step, this step may be omitted. Depending on the demand for the final product, one of the systems can be appropriately selected, and the production line can be switched without stopping the drying process. That is, it is possible to switch from pellet production to powder production or from powder production to pellet production. For example, the following operation can be mentioned as an example of switching from pellet production to powder production. First, in the production of pellets, in the drying step, for example, a waste medium having a water content of 50% is adjusted to have a water content of 20%. Here, it is assumed that it becomes necessary to switch from pellet production to powder production in order to meet the request. In this case, first, the operation of the drying step is changed so that the water content of the waste medium is 25% (for example, the drying temperature of the dryer is lowered so that the water content of the waste medium is 25%). Then, after changing the line to powder production, the operation of the drying process is further changed so that the water content of the waste medium becomes 30%. In this way, by changing the line with the water content of the waste medium of 25% as a guide in the drying process, the influence of quality deterioration of both pellets and powder can be suppressed, and the line can be changed smoothly without stopping the entire device. Can be done.

Further, in the case of pellet production of Example 1, it was necessary to reduce the water content of the waste medium to 25% or less after the drying step, but in the case of powder production of Example 2, it was higher than that of pellets. Even if the water content was (25 to 35%), there was no effect on the quality, such as no mold. Regarding this point, it is considered that one of the reasons is that in the case of pellets, water is immobilized inside the pellets, whereas in the case of powders, such a situation does not occur.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist thereof.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the odor from the waste medium of mushrooms and use it for a high-quality method for producing valuable resources.

Claims (10)

At least, it is a method for producing valuable resources derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and the drying step is a method for producing the mushroom waste medium. Derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a first step of making a powder having a water content of 45 to 55% by an arbitrary method, and a second step of making the powder into a powder having a water content of 17 to 25% by high temperature stirring. Method of manufacturing valuable materials. At least, it is a method for producing valuable resources derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and the drying step is a method for producing the mushroom waste medium. From the first step of making a powder having a water content of more than 25% and 55% or less by any method within 7 days from the harvest of mushrooms, and the second step of making the powder into a water content of 17 to 25% by high temperature stirring. A method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium. Valuables derived from mushroom waste medium, which consist of at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium, a storage step of storing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the storage step. A production method, wherein the drying step is a first step of converting the mushroom waste medium into a powder having a water content of 45 to 55% by an arbitrary method, and a first step of converting the powder into a powder having a water content of 17 to 25% by high temperature stirring. A method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises two steps. Valuables derived from mushroom waste medium, which consist of at least a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium, a storage step of storing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the storage step. A production method, wherein the drying step is a first step of converting the mushroom waste medium into a powder having a water content of more than 25% and 55% or less by any method within 7 days from the mushroom harvest, and the powder is stirred at a high temperature. A method for producing a valuable resource derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a second step of adjusting the water content to 17 to 25%. At least, it is a method for producing valuable resources derived from a mushroom waste medium, which comprises a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium and a bagging step of baging the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and the drying step is a method for producing the mushroom waste medium. Mushrooms are characterized by comprising a first step of making a powder having a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by an arbitrary method, and a second step of making the powder into a water content of 25 to 35% by high-temperature stirring. A method for producing valuable resources derived from waste medium. To be used in a step of pellet-forming the mushroom waste medium after making it into a water content of 17 to 25% by high-temperature stirring, or a step of making a powder having a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by high-temperature stirring and then bundling it. In addition , a method for producing a mushroom waste medium powder, which comprises setting the water content of the mushroom waste medium to 45 to 55% by any method. To be used in a step of pellet-forming the mushroom waste medium after making it into a water content of 17 to 25% by high-temperature stirring, or a step of making a powder having a water content of more than 35% and 55% or less by high-temperature stirring and then bundling it. the upper limit of the water content of the mushroom waste medium in any manner within 7 days from the mushroom harvest as before climate than, the production method of the mushroom waste medium powder, characterized by a 55% or less. The method according to claim 6 or subjecting the powder produced by the production method according to 7 to the step of said object, valuable mushroom waste medium, wherein the TURMERIC row processing according to the process. At least, a mushroom waste medium consisting of a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium by high temperature stirring, a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, and a bagging step of bagging the mushroom waste medium after the drying step. It is a method for producing a valuable resource derived from the substance, and either the pellet forming step or the bagging step is appropriately selected as a step after the drying step, and when the pellet forming step is selected, the drying step is a mushroom waste medium. Is to have a water content of 17 to 25%, and when the bagging process is selected, the drying step is a valuable resource derived from the mushroom waste medium having a water content of 25 to 35%. Manufacturing method. At least, a drying step of drying the mushroom waste medium by high temperature stirring, a storage step of storing the mushroom waste medium after the drying step, a pellet forming step of pelletizing the mushroom waste medium after the storage step, and the mushroom after the drying step. It is a method for producing valuable resources derived from mushroom waste medium, which comprises a bagging step of packing the waste medium, and either the pellet forming step or the bagging step is appropriately selected as a step after the storage step. When the pellet forming step is selected, the drying step makes the mushroom waste medium have a water content of 17 to 25%, and the storage step maintains the water content range. When the bagging step is selected, the drying step is to waste mushrooms. A method for producing valuable resources derived from mushroom waste medium, wherein the storage step has a water content of 25 to 35% and the storage step is within the water content range.

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