KR101668454B1 - Integrated manufacturing system for powder compost or pellet compost - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the disclosure, provided is an integrated method for producing powder compost or pellet compost. The method comprises: a step of determining a compost type among powder compost and pellet compost by measuring a water content of raw ingredient compost; a step of firstly pulverizing the raw ingredient compost and sorting the same by a particular size when the water content corresponds to a water content range of a particular compost type; a forwardly operating step of performing forward transferring when the type of the compost is powder compost, and performing backward transferring when the type of the compost is pellet compost; and a step of packing the forwardly transferred compost as powder compost, or a step of producing the backwardly transferred compost into pellets and packing the same as pellet compost. According to the present invention, a method for optimally producing compost according to the properties of raw ingredients is provided, so time and costs consumed in producing powder compost and pellet compost can be saved.

Description

[0001] INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING SYSTEM FOR POWDER COMPOST OR PELLET COMPOST [0002]

The present disclosure relates to an integrated production system for pulverulent compost or pellet compost.

Compost can be used for animal manure and food waste such as straw, chaff, rice husk, sawdust, mushroom waste medium, etc. Busan Logistics, fish meal, seaweed residue, fish cake residue, , Minerals, etc., and then made into powder (powder form).

However, since the powdered fermented compost is sprayed when farmers spray it with manpower, polluting the respiratory system, skin, and clothing, they are unsanitary and bulky, making it difficult to handle and transport. When spraying with a mechanical sprayer, There is a problem that the fertilizer is lost due to washing with wind and rain even after fertilizing on the farmland, and the fertilizer effect proceeds quickly, which adversely affects the growth rate of the crop.

Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1, it is required to produce a tablet pellet compost having a hard lattice form. These pellet type composts can maintain the pesticidal effect, and can improve the above-mentioned disadvantages such as poor drainage and easy handling, so farmers prefer pellet compost.

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing a pellet compost without using an adhesive in the process of forming pellets, but it requires a specific raw material of peat, coffee beans, rice bran, It is necessary to include them all, and it is necessary to use a specially designed drying device.

As described above, the powdery fermentation composting plant produces only powder (powdery state). Therefore, in order to produce pellet compost, a special facility for producing pellet compost is separately required. Therefore, it is difficult to manufacture the pellet compost from the conventional powder fermentation compost producer, because the expensive facility investment becomes burdensome, and due to the shortage of the paper required for the additional dedicated facility, two types of powder and pellet are produced at one plant There are many difficulties to produce all at once.

In addition, regardless of the moisture content of the compost material, and regardless of the needs of the consumer compost type, the compost composting company is divided into two categories: Only compost is manufactured, and pellet composting company manufactures only pellet compost.

Korean Patent No. 10-698388 Korean Patent No. 10-1553240

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it has been found that pellet composting or pulverulent composting can be produced under optimum conditions depending on the moisture content of the compost raw material, and the present disclosure has been completed on the basis of this finding.

Accordingly, one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide an integrated process for producing compost or pellet compost.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure for achieving the above aspects, an integrated process for producing composted or pellet compost comprises:

Measuring the moisture content of the raw material compost and determining the type of compost by pulp composting or pellet composting;

If the moisture content falls within the moisture content range of the specific compost type, firstly grinding the raw compost and sorting the compost to a predetermined size;

If the type of the compost is pulverized compost, the compost is transported in a forward direction, and if the compost type is pellet compost, the compost is transported in the reverse direction; And

Packaging the compost conveyed in the forward direction as powdered compost, or forming the compost conveyed in the reverse direction into pellets, and then packaging the compost as pellet compost.

The integrated production method of the pulverulent compost or the pellet composting according to the present disclosure is made by combining two types of products such as powdered or pellets so that it is possible to determine the optimum compost type and manufacturing conditions to be produced according to the properties of the raw compost, It is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the compost and to shorten the manufacturing time by omitting the drying step of the drying step or shortening the drying time, and it is also possible to reduce the facility investment cost and also to solve the paper shortage problem.

The features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of a system for the integrated manufacture of pulp compost or pellet composting in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Before describing the present disclosure in more detail, it is to be understood that the words or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed in a conventional or dictionary sense, And should be construed in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of this disclosure. Accordingly, the construction of the embodiments described herein is merely one example of preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is not intended to represent all of the technical ideas of the present disclosure, so that various equivalents and variations And the like.

Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail so that those skilled in the art may readily implement the present disclosure. Moreover, in the description of the present disclosure, a detailed description of related art which may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present disclosure is omitted.

≪ Determining the compost type >

The moisture content of the raw compost is measured to determine the type of compost that is to be produced as either pulp compost or pellet compost.

The raw material compost for the integrated manufacture of the pulp compost or the pellet compost may be a semi-finished product of the composting process, for example, a post-compost compost. Raw manure compost is produced by selectively mixing livestock waste such as straw, rice straw, rice straw, rice husks, sawdust, mushroom culture, bark, grains, rice briquettes, peat, minerals and soil microbial materials at a certain ratio and fermenting And can be manufactured by post-sowing.

The moisture content and the evaluation score of the compost quality control evaluation standard are such that the water content is 25 wt% or less (1 point), more than 25 wt% to 30 wt% or less (2 points), more than 30 wt% to 35 wt% (4 points), more than 40 weight% to 45 weight% (5 points), more than 45 weight% to 50 weight% (4 points), more than 50 weight% to 55 weight% Point), exceeding 55 wt% (excluded, unsuitable). According to this, it can be understood that the compost having a moisture content of more than 35% and less than 50% is the most evaluated compost. Here, since the moisture content of the raw material compost which can be produced by pellet composting is more than 25% by weight and less than 35% by weight, composting is performed. Therefore, if the moisture content of the raw material compost is more than 35% by weight, . ≪ / RTI > If the moisture content of the raw material compost falls within the range of more than 35 wt% to 40 wt% or less, the moisture may be controlled at the following water content adjusting step according to the type of the compost to be produced to produce the pulp compost or the pellet compost . For example, if the moisture content of the raw material compost is less than 35% by weight, the drying step is omitted or the drying is performed for a relatively short period of time since the water content is low, Can be added to the post-pellet compost production step.

Referring to FIG. 1, the compost of which compost type is determined can be put into one or more dosing hoppers 1 and stored. The raw compost can be stored in the input hopper by moisture content. For example, the raw compost can be stored in a feed hopper that stores the pellet compost raw material compost with a moisture content of 35 wt% or less, or a feed hopper that stores the compost raw material compost with a moisture content of more than 35 wt%.

≪ Water content control step &

As described above, the step of determining the compost type may further include adjusting the moisture content of the raw material compost according to the compost type determined after measuring the moisture content of the raw compost. The moisture content adjustment step may be performed, for example, when the moisture content of the raw compost is in the range of more than 35% by weight but not more than 40% by weight, the moisture content is adjusted to exceed 35% by weight if the type of raw compost determined is a pulp compost , And if the determined type of raw compost is pellet compost, the water content can be adjusted to 35% by weight or less.

If the raw material compost is determined to be produced by pellet composting, the moisture content of the raw compost can be reduced to less than or equal to 35 wt%, for example, from 25 wt% to 35 wt%, from 25 wt% to 30 wt%, or from 35 wt% 35% by weight. If the water content is less than 25% by weight, problems such as a large load on the pellet forming machine occur, resulting in poor productivity and pellet molding. If the water content exceeds 35% by weight, pellet molding may not be performed.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the raw material compost is to be produced by the pulverized compost, the water content of the raw compost can be more than 35 wt%, for example, more than 35 wt% to 40 wt%, 40 wt% to 45 wt% % To 50 wt% or less, or more than 50 wt% to 55 wt% or less. When the moisture content is less than 35% by weight, the compost selling price is determined based on the weight. Therefore, when the moisture content is low, the weight is decreased, thereby causing the seller to lose the selling price and causing damage. It is more preferable to produce pellets as compost, and when the moisture content exceeds 55 wt%, the compost quality control evaluation score is zero, which is not suitable for composting. Therefore, the most appropriate moisture content of pulverulent compost is about 45-55%, which is the maximum moisture allowance allowed in compost quality control, in terms of weight and increasing score.

On the other hand, for example, if the moisture content of the raw material compost is about 40% by weight, which is close to 35% by weight, it is preferable to make the compost with compost, but the water content is reduced to 35% Pellet compost.

In order to reduce the moisture content, the moisture content adjusting step can be carried out using a drying method. The drying method may include, but is not limited to, natural drying (i.e., fermentation), air drying, or hot air drying. On the other hand, in order to selectively increase the moisture content, water or steam may be supplied to the raw compost in the moisture content adjusting step.

≪ Primary pulverization step and selection step >

The raw material compost stored in the feed hopper (1) is supplied to the crusher (3). At the outlet of the feed hopper 1, a quantitative feeder 2 for feeding a predetermined amount of raw material compost discharged from the feed hopper 1 per unit time may be installed. The quantitative feeder 2 can be installed in a belt type, a screw type, or a vibratory type depending on the kind and amount of raw material to be supplied. In addition, each quantitative feeder 2 of the selected structure may have a structure capable of automatically controlling by electric or electronic signals. Therefore, the quantitative supply step can automatically supply the selected raw materials to the crushing stage at a predetermined ratio per unit time.

The raw material composted in a lump state in the process of being conveyed by the constant amount feeding step is pulverized using a pulverizer 3 so that the average particle size is usually 20 mm or less, and then a conveyor, for example, a belt conveyor 4 is used To the sorting step.

The finely pulverized raw materials and the coarsely pulverized raw materials are selected by the pulverizer (5) from the pulverized feedstock through the conveyor (4), and the finely pulverized pulverized raw material is conveyed to the next step through the conveyor While the raw material in which raw material particles having less pulverized are collected is recovered by a recovery tank (not shown) and recycled.

If the compost to be sorted is a fibrous material containing a lot of moisture, the screening screen of the screening separator (5) may be used. In case of dry or low-fiber compost, the compost can be selected using a vibrating net have.

<Regular operation phase>

If the type of compost is pulverized compost, it is transported in the forward direction, and if the compost type is pellet compost, it is transported in the reverse direction. The forward / reverse operation step can use the forward and reverse conveyor 6. Specifically, when the moisture content of the compost is more than 35% by weight, it is transported in a forward direction to produce a pulp compost. When the moisture content is less than 35% by weight, the compost is transported in the reverse direction to produce pellet compost.

<Packaging steps>

1. Powder compost

The compost supplied from the normal operation stage to the compost for composting can be packaged as a finished compost. The compost selected for the pulp and paper compost can be introduced into the belt conveyor 27 from the normal operation stage. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the belt conveyor 27 can receive the pellet compost produced in the pellet compost formation process from the pellet sorter 26. The belt conveyor 27 conveys the pulp compost to a normal-direction conveyor 28 capable of normal-and-reverse operation. The transverse conveyor 28 transports the pulp compost to the ton back bag packaging machine 29 or the weighing packing machine 30 as desired for the pulp compost. The weighing packing machine can pack the pulp compost, for example, in 20 kg units. The weigh-packed pulverulent compost can be loaded by the robot automatic loading system 31.

2. Pellet composting

Pellet composting comprises: a second step of pulverizing the selected compost to a predetermined size; Conditioning the second pulverized compost; Molding the conditioned compost into pellet compost; And cooling and drying the molded pellet compost; And secondly sorting the cooled and dried pellet compost. The compost selected after the first milling can be selectively applied to the step of removing the metal.

2.1 Metal Removal Step

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a compost with a moisture content of 35% by weight or less can be fed to the conveyor 7 in the normal operation stage by the reverse conveyor 6 conveyed in the reverse direction. Alternatively, the conveyor 7 transfers the compost received from the normal / reverse conveyor 6 upward, and supplies the compost to the steelmaker 8. The iron making machine 8 can remove the metal using a magnet. The metal removing step can prevent the pellet molding machine of the pellet molding step described later from being damaged due to the metal component in advance. The metal removing step may include a metal recovery tank (not shown) collecting the metals to be removed from the iron making machine 8. [

2.2 Second stage of crushing

The compost, which has been subjected to the selective compaction or metal removal step after the primary pulverization, can be finely pulverized using, for example, an average particle size of 10 mm or less by using the pulverizer 9. When crushed to a size of 10 mm or less, the forming rate and strength can be improved in the following pellet forming step.

2.3 Conditioning steps

The secondary pulverized compost can be transported upward through a conveying device, for example a conveyor 10, and then stored in the pellet hopper 11. The compost stored in the pellet hopper 11 can be fed to the conditioner mixer 13 by means of a metering feeder, for example a screw feeder 12. The conditioner mixer 13 supplies steam or water and agitates the supplied compost to appropriately increase the moisture of the compost, thereby making the compost particles smoothly loosened without clumping them. Thus, pelletization can be performed well in the following pellet composting step. When the steam is supplied, the moisture contained in the steam and the steam may be used to soften the fibrous material in the compost, resulting in softening (gelatinization) of the compost, which may cause a self-destructive force.

2.3 Pellet composting step

The conditioned compost is extruded in a pellet molding machine 14 and molded into a pellet compost. The material injected into the pellet molding machine 14 is forcibly extruded into a die hole. The pellets are cut out to a certain size on the die surface to be extruded and discharged. The pellet product discharged through the pellet molding machine is extruded and frictional heat and compression heat are generated at 70 to 80 ° C. and the fibers are softened (gelatinized) due to the high heat thus generated, do.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pellets may typically have an average diameter of 6 mm to 8 mm and an average length of 1.5 to 3 times the diameter. The water content of the raw material compost fed into the pellet molding machine is preferably about 25 to 35% by weight in terms of the pellet forming rate and the long-term storage property. If the moisture content is less than 25% by weight, the product strength is increased but the consumption power is increased. If the moisture content is more than 35% by weight, the consumption power is decreased but the strength is weakened and the moisture to be dried becomes large. There is a tendency that the degree of concern is increasing.

2.4 Cooling and drying step

The pellet compost is in a state of high temperature of 70 to 80 DEG C in the process of being extruded in the pellet molding machine 14, and moisture is released to the surface. When the pellet compost is packed in such a high temperature state, the heat causes the water to evaporate and become rotten. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the pellet compost to an appropriate temperature and to dry the surface.

In one embodiment, the pellet compost discharged from the pellet molding machine 14 is fed to the rotary feeder 16 by a conveyor 15. The rotary feeder 16 supplies the pellet compost to the cooler 17 while preventing external air from entering the upper portion of the cooler 17. [ The cooler 17 may be configured such that the outside air is sucked from the lower side and discharged to the upper side by the operation of the turbo fan 20 connected to the upper side of the cooler 17 by an air duct line. Therefore, the pellet compost supplied from the upper side of the cooler 17 can be cooled by heat exchange with the outside air sucked from the lower side thereof, and can be dried by contact with the outside air. On the other hand, the air discharged by the turbo fan 20 may contain debris of pellet compost, which is collected by the cyclone dust collector 18 connected to the turbo fan 20 line and recovered by a debris collection tank (not shown) And can be recycled.

2.5 Product Selection Steps

The product sorting step is a step of selecting only products having a predetermined size from the pellet compost supplied by cooling and drying in the cooling and drying step.

In one embodiment, the pellet compost is discharged to the conveyor 21 below the cooler 17. The conveyor conveys the pellet compost to the bucket elevator 22. The bucket elevator 25 conveys the pellet compost to the upper portion of the storage silo 23 and stores it in the storage silo 23. The pellet compost discharged to the lower portion of the storage silo 23 is conveyed to the bucket elevator 25 through the conveyor 24 and the bucket elevator 25 supplies the pellet compost to the pellet sorter 26.

The pellet sorting machine 26 is a device for sorting the finished product by vibrating while the screen net is installed in an inclined state. The compost that is broken or crushed to a predetermined size or less can be recovered and recycled into a compost collection tank (not shown) .

The impact strength of the pellet feed subjected to such a process is about 90 kg / cm 2 or more, and the impact strength of this degree is sufficient strength for handling such as packaging, transportation, transportation and storage.

2.6 Packaging Steps

The packaging step of the pellet composting step uses the compost manufacturing and packing steps together. That is, the pellet composting from the pellet separator 26 is delivered to the conveyor 27, and the conveyor 27 conveys the pellet compost to the normal conveyor 28. The pellet compost can be packed in ton-bags or weigh-packed.

Thus, the production of pulverized compost and the production of pellet compost can share redundant investment by using the raw material compost input facility and the packaging facility as a common use. Further, the integrated production method of the pulp compost or the pellet composting according to the present disclosure is made by combining two types of products, i.e., powdered or pelletized, so that it is possible to determine the optimum compost type and manufacturing conditions to be produced according to the properties of the raw material compost, It is possible to reduce compost manufacturing cost and manufacturing time by omitting the drying step of the raw material compost or shortening the drying time, and it is also possible to reduce the facility investment cost and also to solve the shortage of paper.

Although the present disclosure has been described in detail by way of specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the present disclosure is not intended to be limited thereto and that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art It is obvious that the modification or improvement is possible.

All such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure, and the specific scope of protection of the present disclosure shall be defined by the claims that follow.

1: Feed hopper 2: Quantitative feeder
3: crusher 4, 7, 10, 15, 21, 24, 27: conveyor
5: Sieve separator 6, 28: Inverse conveyor
8: steel making machine 9: crusher
11: Pellet hopper 12: Screw feeder
13: conditioner mixer 14: pellet molding machine
16: Rotary feeder 17: Cooler
18: Cyclone dust collector 20: Turbo fan
22, 25: bucket elevator 23: storage silo
26: Pellet separator 29: Toner bag packing machine
30: weighing packing machine 31: robot automatic loading system

Claims (13)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete A moisture content measuring section of the raw compost;
A moisture content adjuster for adjusting the moisture content in the raw compost according to the compost type of the compost to be produced as the raw material compost or the compost type of the pellet compost;
A feed hopper (1) for storing the raw material compost with controlled moisture content;
A quantitative feeder (2) for feeding the raw material compost stored in the feed hopper (1) in a predetermined amount;
A crusher 3 for crushing the raw material compost to a predetermined particle size;
A powder separator (5) for sorting the raw material composted by the crusher (3) into a finely ground raw material compost and a coarse raw compost through a whirling or vibrating net;
(6) for transferring the finely pulverized raw material compost to the production line of one of the pulp compost production line or the pellet compost production line, which is the downstream equipment, in accordance with the type of compost to be produced or the compost type of pellet compost;
A powdered compost production line (A) for supplying the finely pulverized raw material compost to a pulverized compost product through forward operation of the transverse conveyor (6);
(B) a pellet compost production line (B) arranged in parallel in the pulp compost production line (A) and supplied with the finely pulverized raw material compost through reverse operation of the normal conveyor (6) to produce pellet compost;
A conveyor 27 for guiding the compost finished product supplied from the powdered compost production line A or the pellet compost production line B to a subsequent process;
And a normal conveyor (28) for guiding the powdered compost or the pellet compost conveyed to the conveyor (27) to a ton back packing machine (29) or a weighing packing machine (30)
Wherein the raw material compost is capable of selectively producing a pulp compost and a pellet compost through the setting of the traveling direction of the transverse conveyor (6). The method of claim 10,
The pellet compost production line (B)
A steelmaker (8) for removing the metal contained in the finely pulverized raw material compost supplied to the transverse conveyor (6);
A pulverizer (9) for finely pulverizing the finely pulverized raw material compost finely to a particle size of 10 mm or less;
A conditioner mixer (13) capable of supplying steam or water to the secondary pulverized raw material compost and stirring the same with the increase of the moisture content of the raw compost;
A pellet molding machine (14) for continuously forming the raw material compost through the conditioner mixer (13) at a high temperature in a pellet shape having a predetermined size;
In order to cool and dry the pellet compost extruded in the pellet molding machine 14, the pellet composting for dropping from the upper part to the lower part and the external air forcibly guided from the lower part to the upper part are heat-exchanged by counter flow contact A cooler 17;
A cyclone dust collector (18) for collecting foreign matter contained in the outside air discharged to the upper part by driving the cooler (17) by driving the turbo fan (20); And
And a pellet sorter (26) for sorting the cooled and dried pellet compost led from the cooler (17). The method of claim 10,
Wherein the pellet compost production line (B) is interposed between the transverse conveyor (6) and the conveyor (27). The method of claim 10,
In the moisture content regulator,
If the compost type to be produced is a pulp compost, the water content of the raw compost is adjusted to 45 to 55 wt%
Wherein the moisture content of the raw material compost is adjusted to 25 to 35% by weight if the compost type to be produced is pellet compost.

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