CN105016802A - Bioreactor and method for converting solid organic wastes by using bioreactor - Google Patents
Bioreactor and method for converting solid organic wastes by using bioreactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105016802A CN105016802A CN201510403089.0A CN201510403089A CN105016802A CN 105016802 A CN105016802 A CN 105016802A CN 201510403089 A CN201510403089 A CN 201510403089A CN 105016802 A CN105016802 A CN 105016802A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000202815 Chrysomya megacephala Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100117236 Drosophila melanogaster speck gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000257159 Musca domestica Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 8
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000027244 Dysbiosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010060231 Insect Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000257229 Musca <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bioreactor. The bioreactor comprises bases, wherein feed openings are formed in the top wall of a sealed reaction chamber on the bases; a discharge opening is formed in the bottom wall of the sealed reaction chamber; a stirring shaft is horizontally arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the sealed reaction chamber; stirring impellers are arranged on the stirring shaft; a fermentation liquid inlet is formed in the top wall of the sealed reaction chamber; a spray head arranged in the sealed reaction chamber is connected with the fermentation liquid inlet through pipelines; a pressure meter, a temperature meter and a moisture meter are mounted on the top wall of the sealed reaction chamber; an air inlet and a steam inlet are respectively formed in the upper position and the lower position of the left end wall of the sealed reaction chamber; an air discharge opening is formed in the upper part of the right end wall of the sealed reaction chamber; an illuminating lamp is arranged in the sealed reaction chamber; an observation window is formed in the side wall. The invention further discloses a method for converting solid organic wastes by using the bioreactor. In the bioreactor with a completely sealed structure, the growth of saprophagous insects and the aerobic solid fermentation technology are reasonably and effectively combined, so that the treatment of the solid organic wastes is thorough, secondary pollution is not generated, and the additional value of obtained microbial fertilizers, and the additional value of obtained insect feeds are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biology and environmental technology field, especially relate to a kind of hermetic bio-reactor, the invention still further relates to the method utilizing this bio-reactor sol id organic waste.
Background technology
Along with progress and the Economic development of society, food and drink, food-processing, fermentation and the industry such as livestock and poultry cultivation all will produce a large amount of solid organic castoffs every day, comprise the poor slag etc. of changing food waste, feces of livestock and poultry, rot fruit vegetables and fermentation industry.According to statistics, the changing food waste that Beijing produces every day just reaches more than 1600 tons; Monthly produce 1 ton/ten thousand people's estimations, national l3.4 hundred million population monthly will have the changing food waste of l3.4 ten thousand tons to produce.And the night soil-treatment problem of livestock and poultry breeding industry is more severe, along with the fast development of Chinese livestock and poultry breeding industry, feces of livestock and poultry generation is also increasing sharply, China's feces of livestock and poultry generation has exceeded 1,400,000,000 tons in 1980, within 2011, reach 21.21 hundred million tons, and the increase along with livestock and poultry cultivation amount is increased sharply, estimate will to reach 28.75 hundred million tons and 37.43 hundred million tons respectively to the year two thousand twenty and the year two thousand thirty.The output of these solid organic castoffs is huge, processing efficiency is low, even arbitrarily discharge, not only waste resource, more contaminate environment, badly influence the Sustainable development of livestock and poultry industry, endanger public health and food safety again simultaneously, run counter to the theory that China creates conservation-minded society and Sustainable development.How circulationization utilization is carried out to these resources misplacing position and become the problem needing solution in Chinese society Economic development badly.
On the other hand, due to the abuse of chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and weedicide in traditional agriculture, caused the adverse consequences of soil compaction and Dysbiosis, farmland quality is in the urgent need to protection and promote.In soil, use the biological organic fertilizer being rich in the functional microorganism such as phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing, can not only play and improve soil microenvironment, prevent hardening function, and can also reach disease-resistant, the effect of drought resisting and enhancing plant absorption nutritive substance.
Now, mass-producing process solid organic castoff generally uses aerobic compost or producing methane through anaerobic fermentation technology.It is long often to there is the cycle in above-mentioned technology, affects comparatively large, when mismanagement is easy to cause secondary pollution problems by natural climate.
Food corruption insect comprises housefly (Musca domestica L.), chrysomyia megacephala (big head golden fly) (Chrysomyia megacephala F.) and speck flat angle stratiomyiid (Hermertia illucens L.), have the features such as growth cycle is short, biomass large, manageability, feeding cost are low, animal good palatability.Larva can be decomposed rapidly and utilized many kinds of solids organic waste, is translated into biological organic fertilizer and insect protein at short notice, has the wide prospect of marketing.Meanwhile, current research shows, partial function microorganism plays vital booster action in insect process waste.Therefore, use microorganism and insect co-treatment solid organic castoff, can not only processing efficiency be improved, shorten treatment cycle; And also leaving a part in the worm excrement after process can sporiferous microorganism, for the microbial function fertilizer producing high economic value added provide very big may.
Although existing method substantially can realize mass-producing and process organic waste fast; but still there is very large innovation space technically; if existing treatment unit is all open systems; how to react in shallow slot or hopper; not only temperature and material moisture are difficult to control, and the peculiar smell produced due to insect growth and material fermentation in treating processes also can cause secondary pollution.So, in the urgent need to developing a kind of safety and environmental protection, the special bio reactor of all-sealed structure, and develop a kind of simple process, the method for sol id organic waste that safety, low cost and being easy to are promoted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of bio-reactor of all-sealed structure, the present invention also provides the method utilizing this bio-reactor sol id organic waste.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
Bio-reactor of the present invention, comprise base, lie in a horizontal plane in the closed reaction chamber on described base, the roof of described closed reaction chamber offers opening for feed, diapire offers discharge port, described closed reaction chamber inner chamber lower horizontal is provided with by the stir shaft of driven by motor, and described stir shaft is provided with paddle wheel; Described roof offers fermented liquid entrance, and the shower nozzle be placed in above closed reaction chamber's inner chamber is connected with described fermented liquid import by pipeline; Described closed reaction chamber roof is provided with tensimeter, thermometer and psychrometric chart, on the left of described closed reaction chamber, the upper and lower position place of end wall offers air intlet and steam inlet respectively, and on the right side of described closed reaction chamber, the top of end wall offers venting port; Be provided with head light in described closed reaction chamber inner chamber, described closed reaction chamber sidewall is provided with viewing window.
Described roof is combined by retaining plate and the opening-closing plate be hinged on described retaining plate, described opening for feed is opened on described opening-closing plate, the internal surface edge of described opening-closing plate is provided with flexible sealing strip, be provided with fastening clip between described opening-closing plate outer side edges and sidewall, the upper surface near described opening-closing plate outer side edges is provided with handle.
Described paddle wheel is double-spiral structure, is coated with flexible rubber film in its outer edge.
The curved structure of diapire of described closed reaction chamber, the discharge outlet be opened on arc diapire is movably set with sealing baffle.
Described opening for feed is along the multiple setting in described bio-reactor length direction interval, and described opening for feed is connected with the discharging joint sealing of slurry transferring box by feed-inputing branched pipe, and the inlet connector of described slurry transferring box is communicated with slurry transferring pump seal by charging mother pipe.
The method of bio-reactor sol id organic waste of the present invention is utilized to comprise the steps:
The first step, is undertaken the solid organic castoff collected sorting, broken, and entering in stirrer adds water stirs into slurry, is sent into sealed storage in slurry transferring box by slurry transferring pump;
Second step, sends into the slurry in transferring box in special bio-reactor, simultaneously the larva of access food corruption insect, and passes into pressurized gas, stir culture on a preset condition based; Then cultured fermentable bacterium liquid is accessed material from bio-reactor fermented liquid entrance according to a certain percentage, periodic agitation ventilates, after eating corruption insect growth and completing, adjustment water content is to set(ting)value, and worm material mixture is transported in storage bin through the bottom discharge mouth of bio-reactor;
3rd step, the worm material mixture in storage bin is sieved by horizontal vibration, and collect polypide and biological organic fertilizer respectively, polypide drying becomes feed, and biological organic fertilizer is package storage after quality examination is qualified.
For the material that the stink such as changing food waste, pig manure is larger, can turn in the slurry in the material in case and add after yeast or milk-acid bacteria carry out anaerobically fermenting, then be sent in bio-reactor and process.
The present invention food corruption insect used comprise housefly (
musca domestical.), chrysomyia megacephala (big head golden fly) (
chrysomyia megacephalaf.) and speck flat angle stratiomyiid (
hermertia illucensl.); Fermentable bacterium liquid comprises subtilis, the zymocyte liquid that bacillus megaterium and yeast obtain through cultivation and fermentation.
The invention has the advantages that and bio-reactor is adopted full-closed structure, effectively can prevent the escape of insect, more accurately control moisture and the temperature of material reaction, the atmospheric pollution that the odorous gas stopping to produce in insect feeding process causes; The material entered in bio-reactor is processed into slurry, material loading is convenient simultaneously, less energy consumption and be easier to control and safeguard; The growth of food corruption insect and aerobic solid fermentation process are carried out rationally effective combination by the present invention in bio-reactor, more thorough to solid organic castoff process, non-secondary pollution, and the microbial-bacterial fertilizer obtained and polypide feed added value higher, substantially increase the economic worth of product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of bio-reactor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of roof in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of slurry therewith transferring box of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, bio-reactor of the present invention, comprise base 1, lie in a horizontal plane in the closed reaction chamber 2 on base 1, the roof of closed reaction chamber 2 offers opening for feed 3, diapire offers discharge port 4, the curved structure of diapire, discharge port 4 place be opened on arc diapire is movably set with sealing baffle; Be provided with the stir shaft 6 driven by motor 5 in closed reaction chamber 1 inner chamber lower horizontal, stir shaft 6 be provided with paddle wheel 7, paddle wheel 7 is double-spiral structure, is coated with flexible rubber film in its outer edge; Roof offers fermented liquid entrance 8, and the shower nozzle 9 be placed in above closed reaction chamber's inner chamber is connected with fermented liquid import 8 by pipeline; Closed reaction chamber's roof is provided with the tensimeter 9 of detection reaction chamber interior environment, thermometer 10 and psychrometric chart 11, on the left of closed reaction chamber, the upper and lower position place of end wall offers air intlet 12 and steam inlet 13 respectively, and on the right side of closed reaction chamber, the top of end wall offers venting port 14; Be provided with head light 15 in closed reaction chamber's inner chamber, closed reaction chamber's sidewall be provided with viewing window 16, to observe the growth of polypide and the fermentation form of slurry at any time.
As shown in Figure 2, the roof of bio-reactor of the present invention is by retaining plate 17 and combined by the opening-closing plate 18 that hinge is hinged on retaining plate that (retaining plate 17 width is less, account for 1/3 of roof, opening-closing plate 18 width is larger, account for 2/3 of roof), opening for feed 3 is opened on opening-closing plate 18, the internal surface edge of opening-closing plate 18 is provided with flexible sealing strip 19, fastening clip 20 is provided with between opening-closing plate outer side edges and sidewall, to ensure sealing effectiveness when reactor works, upper surface near opening-closing plate outer side edges is provided with handle 21, facilitate during inspection and maintenance reaction chamber inner chamber and open opening-closing plate 18.
For the number of handled solid organic castoff total amount, the length of bio-reactor can adjust, multiple opening for feed 3 is arranged along bio-reactor length direction interval, each opening for feed 3 is tightly connected by the discharging joint 23 of feed-inputing branched pipe and slurry transferring box 22, the inlet connector 24 of slurry transferring box 22 is communicated with slurry transferring pump seal by charging mother pipe, as shown in Figure 3, the feed-inputing branched pipe that two ends are connected with the discharging joint 23 of slurry transferring box 22 with opening for feed 3 respectively can adopt material to be rubber, the flexible pipe of canvas or plastics, the discharging joint 23 of slurry transferring box 22 and inlet connector 24 can adopt the threaded connector of stainless steel or stainless iron.
The method of bio-reactor sol id organic waste of the present invention is utilized to comprise the steps:
The first step, is collected the solid organic castoff collected by transport trolley, and sorts out wherein contained metal, plastics etc., is crushed to the material of diameter 1 ~ 2mm, enters stirrer and adds water adjustment water ratio about 85%, then stir into slurry; Sealed storage in slurry transferring box 22 is sent into by slurry transferring pump; If the material that the process stink such as changing food waste, pig manure is larger, need to add yeast (as Angel Yeast) or milk-acid bacteria by about 0.3% of material gross weight and carry out anaerobically fermenting and carry out deodorizing;
Second step, slurry in slurry transferring box 22 is stored to a certain amount of after, sent in the special bio-reactor of the present invention (as shown in Figure 1) by slush pump, from multiple opening for feed 3, access the larva of food corruption insect (angle as flat in speck stratiomyiid) by the inoculum size of 1000 ~ 2000/kg slurry simultaneously, then close the valve at opening for feed 3 place, keep the stopping property of reaction chamber; In culturing process, pass into from air intlet 12 and be adjusted to the suitable air of 10 ~ 42 DEG C of temperature through cold-heat exchanger, stir 5 minutes every about 24h with the speed of 40 revs/min simultaneously, control material temperature at about 30 ~ 40 DEG C, the environment in reaction chamber relies on tensimeter 9, thermometer 10 and the psychrometric chart 11 be arranged on closed reaction chamber's roof to monitor; When the slurry in reaction chamber needs sterilization, high-temperature steam can be passed into from steam inlet 13, be discharged by venting port 14 under the effect of the final induced draft fan all arranged outward at reaction chamber of steam and air; By viewing window 16, the fermenting process of the indoor slurry of observing response can be facilitated: observe the form of fermentation slurry, color and change of soil water content and insect growth situation;
Be cultured to the 7th day (treating that polypide has grown), by dehvery pump, the fermentable bacterium liquid (can be bacillus megaterium fermented liquid or fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid or saccharomycetes to make fermentation liquid) in fermentor tank is entered from fermented liquid entrance 8 by 3% of material total amount in reaction chamber, access in material by shower nozzle 9, stir simultaneously, continue to cultivate two days later, raising passes into the temperature (45 DEG C) of air and strengthens air output, extend churning time (stirring 30 minutes/24 hours), the water content of material in reaction chamber is finally made to be down to about 35%, treating processes terminates, worm material mixture is transported in storage bin through the bottom discharge mouth 4 of bio-reactor,
For improving the working efficiency of process solid organic castoff, bio-reactor can multiple arranged, forms circulation continuous print treatment process.
3rd step, worm material mixture in storage bin focus on a certain amount of after, open discharge port, material is delivered to horizontal vibration sieve worm, material are carried out screening and be separated, movable polypide becomes insect albumen powder as animal feedstuff additive through drying pulverizing apparatus processing, the biological organic fertilizer including a large amount of microbial strains after quality examination is qualified, by batch mixing granulation packing and storing.
Claims (8)
1. a bio-reactor, comprise base (1), lie in a horizontal plane in the closed reaction chamber (2) on described base (1), the roof of described closed reaction chamber (2) offers opening for feed (3), diapire offers discharge port (4), it is characterized in that: described closed reaction chamber (1) inner chamber lower horizontal is provided with the stir shaft (6) driven by motor (5), described stir shaft (6) is provided with paddle wheel (7); Described roof offers fermented liquid entrance (8), and the shower nozzle (9) be placed in above closed reaction chamber's inner chamber is connected with described fermented liquid import (8) by pipeline; Described closed reaction chamber roof is provided with tensimeter (9), thermometer (10) and psychrometric chart (11), on the left of described closed reaction chamber, the upper and lower position place of end wall offers air intlet (12) and steam inlet (13) respectively, and on the right side of described closed reaction chamber, the top of end wall offers venting port (14); Be provided with head light (15) in described closed reaction chamber inner chamber, described closed reaction chamber sidewall be provided with viewing window (16).
2. bio-reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described roof is combined by retaining plate (17) and the opening-closing plate (18) be hinged on described retaining plate, described opening for feed (3) is opened on described opening-closing plate (18), the internal surface edge of described opening-closing plate (18) is provided with flexible sealing strip (19), be provided with fastening clip (20) between described opening-closing plate outer side edges and sidewall, the upper surface near described opening-closing plate outer side edges is provided with handle (21).
3. bio-reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described paddle wheel (7) is double-spiral structure, is coated with flexible rubber film in its outer edge.
4. bio-reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the curved structure of diapire of described closed reaction chamber, and discharge port (4) place be opened on arc diapire is movably set with sealing baffle.
5. bio-reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described opening for feed (3) is along the multiple setting in described bio-reactor length direction interval, described opening for feed (3) is tightly connected by the discharging joint (23) of feed-inputing branched pipe and slurry transferring box (22), and the inlet connector (24) of described slurry transferring box (22) is communicated with slurry transferring pump seal by charging mother pipe.
6. utilize the method for the bio-reactor sol id organic waste of claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The first step, is undertaken the solid organic castoff collected sorting, broken, and entering in stirrer adds water stirs into slurry, is sent into sealed storage in slurry transferring box by slurry transferring pump;
Second step, sends into the slurry in transferring box in special bio-reactor, simultaneously the larva of access food corruption insect, and passes into pressurized gas, stir culture on a preset condition based; Then cultured fermentable bacterium liquid is accessed material from bio-reactor fermented liquid entrance according to a certain percentage, periodic agitation ventilates, after eating corruption insect growth and completing, adjustment water content is to set(ting)value, and worm material mixture is transported in storage bin through the bottom discharge mouth of bio-reactor;
3rd step, the worm material mixture in storage bin is sieved by horizontal vibration, and collect polypide and biological organic fertilizer respectively, polypide drying becomes feed, and biological organic fertilizer is package storage after quality examination is qualified.
7. the method for bio-reactor sol id organic waste according to claim 6, is characterized in that: turn in the slurry in the material in case and add after yeast or milk-acid bacteria carry out anaerobically fermenting, then is sent in bio-reactor and process.
8. the method for bio-reactor sol id organic waste according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described food corruption insect comprises housefly, chrysomyia megacephala (big head golden fly) and speck flat angle stratiomyiid; Described fermentable bacterium liquid comprises the zymocyte liquid that subtilis, bacillus megaterium and yeast obtain through cultivation and fermentation.
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| CN201510403089.0A CN105016802B (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2015-07-10 | A kind of bioreactor and the method using bioreactor conversion solid organic castoff |
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| CN106854627A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-16 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of composite bacteria agent for promoting the flat angle stratiomyiid larval growth of speck and application |
| CN107243495A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-10-13 | 上海纳德生物科技有限公司 | Automatically process the integration apparatus and its processing method of solid organic castoff |
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| CN112409046B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2024-07-09 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Composting fermentation device |
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