CN1918021B - 气囊和生产气囊的方法 - Google Patents

气囊和生产气囊的方法 Download PDF

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CN1918021B
CN1918021B CN2005800044704A CN200580004470A CN1918021B CN 1918021 B CN1918021 B CN 1918021B CN 2005800044704 A CN2005800044704 A CN 2005800044704A CN 200580004470 A CN200580004470 A CN 200580004470A CN 1918021 B CN1918021 B CN 1918021B
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皮埃尔·翁特尔辛格
多米尼克·迪福
查尔斯·富雷
亚历山大·佩龙
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Autoliv Development AB
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2055/00—Use of specific polymers obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of main groups B29K2023/00 - B29K2049/00, e.g. having a vinyl group, as moulding material
    • B29K2055/02—ABS polymers, i.e. acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2069/00—Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2022/00—Hollow articles
    • B29L2022/02—Inflatable articles
    • B29L2022/027—Air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/231—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration
    • B60R2021/23169—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration specially adapted for knee protection
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    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/231—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration
    • B60R2021/23176—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration specially adapted for foot protection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/235—Inflatable members characterised by their material
    • B60R2021/23504—Inflatable members characterised by their material characterised by material
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    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
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    • B60R2021/23533—Inflatable members characterised by their material characterised by the manufacturing process
    • B60R2021/23557—Molding
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    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/23—Inflatable members
    • B60R21/231—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration
    • B60R21/23138—Inflatable members characterised by their shape, construction or spatial configuration specially adapted for side protection

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用经过选择的塑料材料在合适的模型中吹塑以形成一吹塑气囊的生产气囊的方法。该模型是这样的，吹塑的气囊(1)有至少一个压痕区，例如一个气囊上部(7)的中央椭圆形区域(10)，在气囊膨胀状态下，该压痕区向外伸展。

Description

气囊和生产气囊的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气囊，尤其是涉及一种用于机动车辆为车内乘客提供保护的气囊。
背景技术
以前用各种不同的材料制作气囊。多数气囊使用由适当的丝线织成的纤维材料制成。这种气囊通常被折叠和存储在一个合适的套子中。在展开状态下，气囊从套子中脱出并且伸展。这类气囊尤其适合用作方向盘气囊或者被安装在仪表板的前部的气囊，因为在展开状态下，该气囊可以进入到使其能够展开的一自由空间。
另一些气囊被设在机动车内的其他位置。例如，气囊可以被安装在机动车座椅的垫子上，就在乘坐者的臀部的前面的位置。该气囊在发生意外事故情况下可以膨胀以提供一横过座位前部的展开的脊状凸起，使得乘坐者被“甩出”的风险最小化。或者，气囊可以被安装在机动车地板上乘坐者的脚部区域。这样一种气囊在发生意外事故情况下可以膨胀，目的是抬起乘坐者放在车辆地板上的脚。这可以使得乘坐者的脚、脚踝和腿部由于意外事故期间底盘变形被伤害的风险最小化。
还有一种建议是设一膝部气囊，以气囊的形式安装在机动车仪表板的下面，该气囊目的是为了使其膨胀占据机动车仪表板和机动车乘坐者膝部之间的空间，从而阻止乘坐者膝部向前运动并且与仪表板碰撞，从而引起膝部损伤。
这些气囊中大部分必须使用膨胀时不伸展的材料制成，因为该气囊所处于这样的位置，该位置没有空闲空间为气囊伸展所用。
这些气囊通常必须存在于不利的环境下，特别是安装在地板上的气囊，该气囊常遭受刮磨并且也处于相当潮湿的环境。
还提出了用包括金属材料和聚合物材料在内的各种材料制作上面提及的所有类型的气囊。
发明内容
本发明试图提供一种改进的制造气囊的方法和一种改进的气囊。
根据本发明提供生产一种气囊的方法，该方法包含使用与气囊的最终非膨胀状态一致的模具吹塑经选择的塑料材料以形成气囊的步骤，该模具是这样的，吹塑的气囊有至少一个压痕区，在气囊膨胀状态下，该压痕区向外延伸。
优选地所述方法包含为气囊提供一气体发生器的附加步骤。
优选地所述压痕区域包含一压痕凹槽。
优选地所述凹槽是环形的。
优选地所述压痕包含一中央压痕区。
优选地所述塑料包含至少40％的ABS和/或PC。
优选地所述塑料包含至少80％的ABS和/或PC。
附图说明
为了本发明能够被更容易的理解，并且为了关于它的进一步的特征可以被理解，本发明现在将通过实施例的方式结合附图被描述，其中：
图1是膨胀前的本发明气囊的局部剖开部分虚线的视图；
图2是图1所示的气囊的膨胀后的视图；
图3是与图1相应的根据本发明的另一气囊膨胀前的视图；
图4是图3所示的气囊膨胀后的视图；
图5是与图1相应的另一实施例的气囊膨胀前的视图，并且
图6是所述气囊膨胀后的视图。
具体实施方式
首先参考图1，该图示出了一种气囊1。气囊1包含一由适当的塑料材料挤压并吹塑形成的整体。因此通过挤压制备一型坯，该型坯接下来吹塑。
优选地塑料材料包含至少作为一种基本成分的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)或聚碳酸酯(PC)。单独使用ABS材料和单独使用PC材料是令人满意的。使用由PC材料和ABS材料混合的树脂材料也是令人满意的。同样认为聚碳酸酯和聚对苯二酸乙二醇酯的混合物被证明是令人满意的，因此首选的材料包含至少40％的聚碳酸酯和/或丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯。优选地所述材料包括至少80％的聚碳酸酯和/或丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯。
所述经选择的塑料材料在熔融状态下被挤压，产生型坯，再插入一适当形状的模型内。该塑料材料型坯在模具内被吹塑成形。该模具被成形从而直接产生一气囊，例如图1示出的气囊1，不需要对该气囊作任何进一步的加工，或者仅需要最小限度的进一步加工，比如简单的切一个洞用于连接气体发生器或用于排气。
从图1能够看出所述气囊包括一大体卵形的膨胀区域2，以及连接到所述膨胀区2的一侧的一个整体腔室3，该整体腔室3具有一气体发生器。气体发生器被容纳在大致圆柱形的腔室3之内。在腔室3的一侧设有一个进入孔4，通过进入孔4气体发生器可以被安装在适当的位置。气体发生器本身可以密封进入孔4，或者进入孔4可以被用其他的方式密封。
在非膨胀状态，卵形膨胀区2是一大体上扁平的结构。在图示的方向，限定了膨胀区2的底面的模塑物部分5是大体平坦的，但是设有一椭圆的向内的凹槽，该凹槽位于从椭圆膨胀区外沿稍微向内的位置。
限定了膨胀区的上层7的模塑物部分设有一有向内压痕的椭圆通道8，该椭圆通道8位于膨胀区2的外沿附近，一直立的或向外的脊状凸起9把椭圆通道8和另一向内的椭圆压痕区10分开。脊状凸起9和凹槽6排列在一起。
图1的气囊可能被安装在膨胀区2的最低部分5靠在某种支撑物上的位置，所以在气囊展开时，只有膨胀区2的上部7运动。
可以理解当气体从气体发生器被注入到气囊内时，形成了向内的压痕凹槽8的向内的压痕区域和向内的压痕中央椭圆区10将变形而向外。该气囊因此将膨胀成图2示出的形状。
因此，可以理解，所述气囊1经由选择的塑料材料被吹塑并且形成有至少一个向内的压痕区的形态。当气体被注入到气囊的内部时，该向内压痕区变形，使气囊能够膨胀。
图1和图2所示的气囊被设计作为侧面的气囊，在这种情况下它将被安装在车体的合适的部分，或者被设计作为膝部的气囊，在这种情况下它将被安装在车辆仪表板的下面。
图3和图4示出了气囊20的另一种形式。该气囊20有一大体椭圆形的膨胀区21。该膨胀区的下表面临近椭圆形区域的外围设有一向内的通道22，并且在中央位置有一能够容纳气体发生器的突出的腔室23。
上部24设一带有向内压痕的外围凹槽25，该凹槽围绕着一基本平坦的中央椭圆区26。
从图4可以看出，在气囊膨胀状态下，所述压痕的环状槽25变得向外伸出，并且平坦的区域24也向外弓出，提供一完全膨胀的气囊。
此外，这种气囊可以被用作侧面的气囊或用作膝部气囊。
图5和图6示出了一气囊30的另一实施例，气囊30经由选择的塑料材料吹塑成形。该气囊30被用作在车辆座椅上抗下陷的气囊。
该气囊大体呈矩形。在气囊的前边缘，气囊的下表面31设有一压痕32，该压痕32的位置适应车辆座椅的前横梁。另一个尾部压痕33适应另一个横梁，并且该气囊的下部区域31的插入部34限定了一个腔室。
气囊的上表面36设有一大体平坦的外围区域37。还设有一椭圆形的向内的压痕38，该压痕38包围着一中部的向外突出的结构39。
在气囊的膨胀状态下该压痕38变得向外延伸，以容许气囊完全膨胀。
所述经选择的塑料材料的使用使气囊能够被便宜且快速的生产，同时提供一种能够耐受不利条件的气囊。
当本说明书和权利要求书中使用词语“包含”、“包括”及它们的同义词时意味着特定的特征、步骤或是整体被包括。这些词不能被解释成排斥其他特征、步骤或是部件的存在。

Claims (8)

1.一种制造气囊(1)的方法，该方法包含使用与气囊的最终非膨胀状态一致的模具吹塑经选择的塑料材料以形成气囊(1)的步骤，该模具是这样的，吹塑的气囊有至少一个压痕区(8，10)，在气囊膨胀状态下，所述压痕区向外延伸，其中，所述塑料材料包含ABS和PC。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，包含为气囊(1)提供一气体发生器(4)的附加步骤。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于所述压痕区包含一压痕凹槽(8)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述凹槽(8)是环形的。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述压痕区包括一中央压痕区(10)。
6.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述塑料材料包含的ABS和PC至少为40％。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述塑料材料包含的ABS和PC至少为80％。
8.根据上述权利要求的任何一项的方法制造的气囊(1)。
CN2005800044704A 2004-02-10 2005-01-07 气囊和生产气囊的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1918021B (zh)

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GB0402898A GB2410918A (en) 2004-02-10 2004-02-10 Improvements in or relating to a blow-moulded air-bag
PCT/SE2005/000007 WO2005075259A1 (en) 2004-02-10 2005-01-07 Method of making an air-bag and an air-bag

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US7980589B2 (en) 2005-11-17 2011-07-19 Salflex Polymers Ltd. Inflatable bolster
CN100402270C (zh) * 2006-09-29 2008-07-16 北京工业大学 一种微气囊加工方法
JP5381752B2 (ja) * 2009-09-29 2014-01-08 豊田合成株式会社 樹脂エアバッグ
JP5136531B2 (ja) * 2009-09-29 2013-02-06 豊田合成株式会社 樹脂エアバッグ
JP5359748B2 (ja) * 2009-09-30 2013-12-04 豊田合成株式会社 エアバッグ装置
US8459689B2 (en) 2009-12-24 2013-06-11 Salflex Polymers Ltd. Passenger side active knee bolster
WO2011137517A1 (en) 2010-05-05 2011-11-10 Salflex Polymers Ltd. Injection molded inflatable active bolster
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US20080203714A1 (en) 2008-08-28
GB0402898D0 (en) 2004-03-17
GB2410918A (en) 2005-08-17
ATE400477T1 (de) 2008-07-15
JP2007522008A (ja) 2007-08-09
WO2005075259A1 (en) 2005-08-18
CN1918021A (zh) 2007-02-21
JP4810438B2 (ja) 2011-11-09

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