CN1864445A - 有机电致发光元件 - Google Patents
有机电致发光元件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1864445A CN1864445A CNA2004800288865A CN200480028886A CN1864445A CN 1864445 A CN1864445 A CN 1864445A CN A2004800288865 A CNA2004800288865 A CN A2004800288865A CN 200480028886 A CN200480028886 A CN 200480028886A CN 1864445 A CN1864445 A CN 1864445A
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- organic
- glass transition
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- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 128
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- -1 aphthacene Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N coronene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C4C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C2C3=C1 VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004325 8-hydroxyquinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZYASLTYCYTYKFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-methylidenefluorene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 ZYASLTYCYTYKFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDWLUGYOLUHEMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dinobuton Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1OC(=O)OC(C)C HDWLUGYOLUHEMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical class N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000425573 Talanes Species 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical class [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002220 fluorenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008376 fluorenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-Phenylpyridine Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GIFAOSNIDJTPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-n-(2-phenylphenyl)naphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GIFAOSNIDJTPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AODWRBPUCXIRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene perylene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21.C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 AODWRBPUCXIRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C(N=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=C2C(C=CC=C2)=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C4=N1 LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004059 quinone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/22—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1011—Condensed systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1092—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing sulfur as the only heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/18—Metal complexes
- C09K2211/185—Metal complexes of the platinum group, i.e. Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh or Pd
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/18—Metal complexes
- C09K2211/186—Metal complexes of the light metals other than alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, i.e. Be, Al or Mg
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/311—Phthalocyanine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
- H10K85/324—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/342—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising iridium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
一种有机电致发光元件,其包含在彼此相对的一对阳极和阴极之间形成的有机功能层,所述的有机功能层膜包含3个或更多个含有由有机化合物形成的发光层的薄膜,其特征在于,有机功能层包含分别由玻璃化转变温度为第1温度或以上的有机化合物形成的一对第1和第2层、以及夹在前述第1和第2层之间且由玻璃化转变温度低于前述第1温度的有机化合物形成的第3层,上述第3层的膜厚为30nm或以下。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种呈现出通过注入电流而发光的电致发光的有机电致发光元件(以下称为有机EL元件),其具备1个或多个含有由有机化合物形成的发光层的薄膜(以下称为有机功能层)。
背景技术
有机EL元件以将包含发光层的有机功能层夹在作为显示电极的阳极和阴极之间的形态作为基本结构,从两个电极注入的电子和空穴再结合时的激发子从激发状态回到基态,从而产生发光。例如,通过在透明基板上依次层叠阳极的透明电极、有机功能层、阴极的金属电极,而构成有机EL元件。有机功能层包括例如从透明电极一侧依次层叠的空穴注入层/空穴传输层/发光层/电子传输层/电子注入层等具有各自功能的多个层。空穴注入层、空穴传输层是由具有空穴传输性能的材料形成的,而电子传输层、电子注入层是由具有电子传输性的材料形成的。这些发光层之外的电荷传输层提高了电荷对于发光层的注入效率,并且和由发光层单层所形成的元件相比,使发光效率大大提高。在实际的有机EL元件中,也包括无电荷传输层的类型、以及具有多层电荷传输层的类型。此外,发光层还可以是由多个层,例如发蓝光层/发红光层这2层构成的发白光元件。
发明内容
以往,在有机功能层中,由于随着时间推移引起与材料发生相互作用等原因,存在如下问题:不能得到有机EL元件所希望的发光颜色,或者耐久性低等。
本发明所要解决的问题在于,例如提供一种可靠性高的有机EL元件。
本发明的有机EL元件包含在彼此相对的一对阳极和阴极之间形成的有机功能层,所述的有机功能层包含3个或更多个含有由有机化合物形成的发光层的薄膜,其特征在于,上述有机功能层包含分别由玻璃化转变温度为第1温度或以上的有机化合物形成的一对第1和第2层、以及夹在前述第1和第2层之间且由玻璃化转变温度低于前述第1温度的有机化合物所形成的第3层,上述第3层的膜厚为30nm或以下。
附图说明
图1为表示本发明的实施方式的有机EL元件的结构图。
图2为表示本发明的另一个实施方式的有机EL元件的结构图。
具体实施方式
如果有机EL元件的有机功能层内的构成相互邻接的2层的材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)低,则元件置于高温环境下时,产生辉度退化、色度退化等。因此,通过按照将有机EL元件的有机功能层内的由玻璃化转变温度低的材料所形成的层由玻璃化转变温度高的材料所形成层进行夹持的结构进行试制,结果发现,如果夹持所用的层和被夹持的层的玻璃化转变温度之差(=高玻璃化转变温度-低玻璃化转变温度)不足,在高温环境下长时间保存时,产生辉度退化。
由于有机EL元件的有机功能层,在玻璃化转变温度足够高的材料中,选择多种对连续驱动的耐久性、元件效率优良的材料是非常困难的,在本发明的实施方式中,可以通过膜厚设定扩大有机功能层的材料选择的范围。
下面,参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。
如图1所示,本发明的有机EL元件是通过在例如玻璃、塑料等透明基板1上依次层叠作为阳极的透明电极2、有机功能层3、作为阴极的金属电极4而构成的,并从基板1一侧射出所发出的光。为了使发出的光射出,阳极、阴极之中的至少一个必须是透明的或半透明的。由有机化合物所形成的有机层3,例如如图1所示,包括从透明电极2一侧开始层叠的空穴注入层30/空穴传输层31/发光层32/电子传输层33具有各自功能的多个层。此外,如图2所示,也可以是包括从透明电极2一侧层叠的空穴注入层30/第1空穴传输层31a/第2空穴传输层31b/发光层32/电子传输层33的有机功能层3。为了提高电子传输层33和金属电极4之间的电子注入效率,可以设置电子注入层34。发光层或空穴传输层和电子传输层的电荷传输层可以分别为多个层。
透明电极2具有作为向有机功能层中提供空穴的阳极的功能。作为阳极材料,可以使用金属、合金、金属氧化物、导电性化合物、以及它们的混合物等,优选使用功函数为4eV或以上的材料。例如,可以在阳极中使用氧化铟锡(ITO)、掺杂了锑的氧化锡(ATO)、掺杂了氟的氧化锡(FTO)、半导体性金属氧化物(氧化锡、氧化锌、氧化铟、氧化铟锌(IZO)等)、金属(金、银、铬、镍等)、这些金属与导电性金属氧化物的混合物或层叠物、无机导电性物质(碘化铜、硫化铜等)、有机导电性材料(聚苯胺、聚噻吩、聚吡咯等)以及它们与ITO的层叠物等。阳极的厚度根据其材料、透射率而适当选择,例如在材料为ITO的情况下,阳极的厚度可以使用1000~300nm左右、在材料为金的情况下,阳极的厚度可以使用800~150nm左右。
金属电极4有作为向有机功能层中注入电子的阴极的功能。作为阴极材料,可以使用金属、合金、金属氧化物、导电性化合物、以及它们的混合物等。金属电极优选铝等低电阻材料,并且不仅可以单独使用铝,还可以使用锂-铝合金、镁-铝合金等合金或混合物。为了提高对有机功能层的电子注入效率,可以插入LiF(氟化锂)、Li2O(氧化锂)、CsF(氟化铯)等膜厚为数个埃()左右的电子注入层34。与有机功能层相邻接的金属电极或电子注入层优选使用功函数为4.5eV或以下的材料。例如,可以在这些材料中添加碱金属(Li、Na、K、Cs等)、碱土类金属(Mg、Ca等)。这些材料可以单独使用,但是为了同时具有稳定性和电子注入性,优选将这些材料的2种或更多种混合后使用。
本发明的实施方式的有机EL元件包含在彼此相对的1对阳极和阴极之间形成的有机功能层,该有机功能层包含3个或更多个含有由有机化合物形成的发光层。有机功能层的构成是:包括1对分别由玻璃化转变温度为第1温度或以上(例如98℃)的有机化合物形成的第1和第2层(第1空穴传输层31a和发光层32)、以及夹在前述第1和第2层之间且玻璃化转变温度低于第1温度的第3层例如空穴传输层(第2空穴传输层31b)等。第3层的膜厚被设定为30nm或以下。
在本发明的实施方式的有机EL元件中,将相邻接的第3层的玻璃化转变温度与第1和第2层之中的至少1个的玻璃化转变温度之差设定为18℃或以上。第1、第2和第3层的材料选自具有以上玻璃化转变温度的关系的材料。这是因为,即使该玻璃化转变温度的差低于18℃,具有膜厚为30nm或以下的第3层的元件在高温环境下长时间保存时也不会产生辉度退化。
玻璃化转变温度表示有机化合物的热稳定性,玻璃化转变温度越高,则越能够形成热稳定的无定形膜。如果以本实施方式的玻璃化转变温度98℃为基准,则由于热稳定而可以得到在长时间的通电下稳定的发光,如果考虑高温下的操作环境,更优选为110℃或以上。在本实施方式中,采用利用示差扫描量热仪测定的值。
如果被夹持的第3层具有比夹持所用的第1和第2层的玻璃化转变温度更低的玻璃化转变温度,则被夹持的第3层除了是空穴传输层之外,还可以是空穴注入层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层。
作为构成本发明的实施方式的有机EL元件的空穴注入层和空穴传输层的空穴传输材料,是选自下列的化合物:即除了上述条件之外,还具有传输空穴的能力、注入空穴的能力,且如果可能的话,能够防止电子向空穴传输层移动。作为空穴传输材料,可以列举出例如酞菁衍生物、萘酞菁衍生物、卟啉衍生物、4,4’-双[N-(萘基)-N-苯基-氨基]联苯(α-NPD)等芳香二胺衍生物、胺类化合物等。
作为本发明的实施方式的有机EL元件的发光层的宿主材料,可以使用蒽、萘、芘、并四苯、六苯并苯、苝、酞并苝(phthaloperylene)、萘并苝(naphthaloperylene)等缩合多环衍生物;三(8-羟基喹啉合)铝、三(4-甲基-8-喹啉合)铝、三(5-苯基-8-喹啉合)铝、双(4-甲基-8-喹啉合)铝等羟基喹啉金属配合物等。例如,可以使用下述化学式(1)所示的BAlq(Tg=99℃)、下述化学式(2)所表示的宿主(Tg=113℃)、下述化学式(3)所表示的BEM-B(Tg=130℃)作为有机发光层的宿主材料。
作为发光层的掺杂材料,可以列举出香豆素类化合物、喹吖啶酮类化合物、芪基胺(stilamine)类化合物等荧光材料;以苯基吡啶或乙酰丙酮等作为配位体的铱配合物等磷光材料。例如,可以使用下述化学式(4)所表示的BtpIr、下述化学式(5)所表示的FIrpic、下述化学式(6)所表示的Ir(ppy)3作为有机发光层的掺杂材料。
作为构成本发明的实施方式的有机EL元件中的电子传输层的电子传输材料,是选自下列的化合物:即除了上述条件之外,还具有传输电子的能力、注入电子的能力,且如果可能的话,能够防止空穴向电子传输层移动。作为电子传输材料,可以列举出:三唑衍生物、噁唑衍生物、噁二唑衍生物、芴酮衍生物、二甲烷代蒽醌衍生物、蒽酮衍生物、二苯醌衍生物、硫代吡喃二氧化物衍生物、碳二亚酰胺衍生物、亚芴基甲烷衍生物、二苯乙烯基吡啶、萘基苝(naphthalene perylene)等杂环四羧酸酐、酞菁衍生物、羟基喹啉衍生物等金属配合物、金属酞菁、以苯并噁唑或苯并噻唑等为配位体的金属配合物、苯胺共聚物、噻吩寡聚物、聚噻吩等以导电性高分子、聚噻吩衍生物、聚亚苯基衍生物、聚亚苯基亚乙烯基衍生物、聚芴衍生物等。
[实施例]
下面具体地制造多个有机EL元件试样,并评价其发光特性。
对于试样而言,通过分别在基板上的ITO(膜厚110nm)电极上依次蒸镀如下材料,从而制造下述结构的有机EL元件。
空穴注入层使用酮酞菁(CuPc)(各个膜厚为25nm)、第1空穴传输层使用HTM-A(膜厚45nm、30nm、15nm、0nm)、第2空穴传输层使用α-NPD(膜厚10nm、25nm、40nm、55nm)、发光层使用添加了掺杂材料的BtpIr的宿主材料BAlq(各个膜厚为47.5nm)、电子传输层使用Alq3(各个膜厚为30nm),如图2所示层叠有机功能层。作为空穴注入材料的CuPc是热稳定物质,在热分析中,直至300℃也未观测到玻璃化转变温度、熔点。HTM-A为玻璃化转变温度为120℃的空穴传输材料。发光层的BAlq的玻璃化转变温度为99℃。此外BtpIr是一种磷光性掺杂剂。具有作为电子传输功能的材料的Alq3的玻璃化转变温度为167℃。
进而,在各个电子传输层上蒸镀膜厚为1nm的LiF作为电子注入层,再在它上面层叠膜厚为100nm的铝(Al)作为阴极,从而制造实施例的有机发光元件。
这些试样1~4的有机功能层的状态如表1所示。
表1
试样 | 各有机功能层的膜厚(nm) | ||||
CuPc(Tg=>+300℃) | HTM-A(Tg=120℃) | α-NPD(Tg=96℃) | Balq(Tg=99℃)+BtpIr | Alq3(Tg=167℃) | |
1 | 25 | 45 | 10 | 47.5 | 30 |
2 | 25 | 30 | 25 | 47.5 | 30 |
3 | 25 | 15 | 40 | 47.5 | 30 |
4 | 25 | 0 | 55 | 47.5 | 30 |
在100℃的恒温槽中将上述有机发光元件保存规定的时间(小时)。然后,用5.5mA/cm2对元件进行驱动时的色度和发光效率(cd/A)的变化分别如表2所示。
表2
试样 | 空穴传输层:膜厚 | 100℃下保存经过的时间 | 色度 | 效率(Cd/A) | |
CIEx | CIEy | ||||
1 | HTM-A:45nmα-NPD:10nm | 0 | 0.679 | 0.321 | 6.3 |
20 | 0.677 | 0.322 | 6.3 | ||
80 | 0.674 | 0.325 | 6.6 | ||
150 | 0.670 | 0.328 | 5.5 | ||
2 | HTM-A:30nmα-NPD:25nm | 0 | 0.678 | 0.321 | 6.4 |
20 | 0.679 | 0.321 | 6.3 | ||
80 | 0.673 | 0.325 | 6.2 | ||
150 | 0.659 | 0.334 | 3.6 | ||
3 | HTM-A:15nmα-NPD:40nm | 0 | 0.677 | 0.321 | 6.3 |
20 | 0.678 | 0.321 | 6.3 | ||
80 | 0.673 | 0.325 | 5.6 | ||
150 | 0.643 | 0.345 | 2.2 | ||
4 | HTM-A:0nmα-NPD:55nm | 0 | 0.678 | 0.321 | 6.5 |
20 | 0.678 | 0.321 | 6.3 | ||
80 | 0.674 | 0.324 | 5.0 | ||
150 | 0.605 | 0.369 | 1.3 |
由表2可知,对于作为实施例的元件试样1和元件试样2,即使在100℃的恒温槽中保存150小时,色度也没有大的变化,发光效率也没有减半。与此相反,对于作为比较例的元件试样3和元件试样4,可以发现色度的大幅变化,发光效率也减半了。在该实施例中显示的是在CuPc层和α-NPD层之间插入玻璃化转变温度为120℃的HTM-A,使α-NPD层变薄的实施方式,但是也可以增厚热稳定的CuPc层并使α-NPD层变薄。
作为另外的实验例,除了使用玻璃化转变温度为113℃的上述宿主材料代替有机发光层的宿主材料BAlq,并按照表3设定膜厚之外,按照与上述实施例同样的步骤制造元件试样5和6。
表3
试样 | 各有机功能层的膜厚(nm) | ||||
CuPc(Tg=>300℃) | HTM-A(Tg=120℃) | α-NPD(Tg=96℃) | 宿主(Tg=113℃)+BtpIr | Alq3(Tg=167℃) | |
5 | 25 | 30 | 25 | 40 | 37.5 |
6 | 25 | 0 | 55 | 40 | 37.5 |
在100℃的恒温槽中将上述有机发光元件保存规定的时间(小时)。然后,用5.5mA/cm2对元件进行驱动时的色度和发光效率(cd/A)的变化分别如表4所示。
表4
5 | HTM-A:30nmα-NPD:25nm | 0 | 0.680 | 0.319 | 6.6 |
150 | 0.678 | 0.321 | 6.8 | ||
300 | 0.674 | 0.323 | 6.2 | ||
500 | 0.673 | 0.324 | 5.9 | ||
6 | HTM-A:0nmα-NPD:55nm | 0 | 0.678 | 0.320 | 6.4 |
150 | 0.675 | 0.323 | 5.4 | ||
300 | 0.675 | 0.323 | 5.0 | ||
500 | 0.672 | 0.326 | 3.6 |
由表4可知,对于作为实施例的元件试样5,即使在100℃的恒温槽中保存500小时,效率也仅仅只降低了10%。与此相反,对于比较例的元件试样6,保存500℃后的发光效率降低了44%。
通过制成本实施方式的结构,即使将元件放在高温环境下,也不会产生辉度退化、色度变化等问题。并且还具有使材料的选择变得容易的效果。特别是通过使用本发明,可以提高以车载用途为前提的产品的可靠性。
Claims (4)
1.一种有机电致发光元件,其包含在彼此相对的一对阳极和阴极之间形成的有机功能层,所述的有机功能层包含3个或更多个含有由有机化合物形成的发光层的薄膜,其特征在于,所述有机功能层包含分别由玻璃化转变温度为第1温度或以上的有机化合物形成的一对第1和第2层、以及夹在所述第1和第2层之间且由玻璃化转变温度低于所述第1温度的有机化合物形成的第3层,所述第3层的膜厚为30nm或以下。
2.如权利要求1所述的有机电致发光元件,其特征在于,所述第3层的玻璃化转变温度是处于下列范围:相邻接的所述第3层的玻璃化转变温度与所述第1和第2层中的至少一个的玻璃化转变温度之差低于18℃。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的有机电致发光元件,其特征在于,所述第1温度为98℃。
4.如权利要求1~3任一项所述的有机电致发光元件,其特征在于,所述第3层是由具有空穴传输性的有机化合物形成的空穴传输层。
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KR (1) | KR20060061854A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1864445A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI255665B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2005034587A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8354787B2 (en) | 2007-12-31 | 2013-01-15 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Organic electroluminescent display device |
CN103050636A (zh) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-17 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 顶发射有机电致发光二极管及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010040839B4 (de) * | 2010-09-15 | 2013-10-17 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines elektronsichen Bauelements und elektronisches Bauelement |
JP6693053B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-03 | 2020-05-13 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 発光素子、発光装置、認証装置および電子機器 |
KR102591635B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-27 | 2023-10-20 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 소자 |
US11910707B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2024-02-20 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | Organic light-emitting device |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2000243574A (ja) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-09-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 有機el素子 |
JP3735703B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-21 | 2006-01-18 | 大阪大学長 | エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
JP2003092186A (ja) * | 2001-09-17 | 2003-03-28 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 有機電界発光素子 |
US20030054197A1 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-03-20 | Raymond Kwong | Annealing modified interface in organic light emitting devices |
-
2004
- 2004-09-24 TW TW093129006A patent/TWI255665B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-29 US US10/573,965 patent/US20070231555A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-29 EP EP04773611A patent/EP1681909A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-29 KR KR1020067006343A patent/KR20060061854A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-29 WO PCT/JP2004/014674 patent/WO2005034587A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-09-29 JP JP2005514490A patent/JPWO2005034587A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-09-29 CN CNA2004800288865A patent/CN1864445A/zh active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8354787B2 (en) | 2007-12-31 | 2013-01-15 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Organic electroluminescent display device |
CN101477998B (zh) * | 2007-12-31 | 2015-07-22 | 乐金显示有限公司 | 有机电致发光显示设备 |
CN103050636A (zh) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-04-17 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 顶发射有机电致发光二极管及其制备方法 |
CN103050636B (zh) * | 2011-10-17 | 2016-01-13 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 顶发射有机电致发光二极管及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005034587A1 (ja) | 2005-04-14 |
US20070231555A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
EP1681909A1 (en) | 2006-07-19 |
TW200518620A (en) | 2005-06-01 |
KR20060061854A (ko) | 2006-06-08 |
TWI255665B (en) | 2006-05-21 |
JPWO2005034587A1 (ja) | 2006-12-21 |
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