CN1843081A - Micro seedling bed seedling raising and cultivation method in rice field - Google Patents
Micro seedling bed seedling raising and cultivation method in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN1843081A CN1843081A CNA2006100587853A CN200610058785A CN1843081A CN 1843081 A CN1843081 A CN 1843081A CN A2006100587853 A CNA2006100587853 A CN A2006100587853A CN 200610058785 A CN200610058785 A CN 200610058785A CN 1843081 A CN1843081 A CN 1843081A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating rice in field with micro-seedling bed and is an improvement for current method. The micro-seedling bed is made with micro-seedling bed controller in the field; the nutrient soil is put into the bed when sowing to make sure the strong seed, the seedling pulling and transplanting are saved which reduces work intensity greatly. The invention provides a new way for high rice production and high effective cultivation and suits for rice cultivation in field with irrigation and drainage. It possesses good social and economic benefit.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of little seedling bed controller differential land for growing field crops seedling bed that utilizes special use, and adopt special nutrition soil to grow seedlings, realize the method for land for growing field crops micro seedling bed seedling raising and cultivation.
Background technology
At present, rice field growing nursery and culture field mainly contains transplants and live two kinds of different paddy rice planting methods, wherein transplants to be main stream approach.Transplanting is a kind of at field seedling raising, pulls seedling then, inserts the paddy rice planting method in other lands for growing field crops again.The weak point of this method mainly is: it is big to take the field area when growing seedlings, and many with seed rice quantity, rice transplanting labour intensity is big.Live is a kind of direct sowing, does not need the paddy rice planting method of transplanting.This method is not transplanted and the process of turning green, and has saved heavy field rice transplanting work, help raising labour productivity, and the land used amount also obviously reduces.But also there are some shortcomings in this method: suitable live seed rice is of less types, and planting density is difficult to control, and weeds in field is more, and crop smothering is prevented and kill off difficult, and late growth stage easily lodges, and especially output is unable to catch up with transplanting all the time.So, press for a kind of advantage of gathering above-mentioned two kinds of methods, can abandon the method for its shortcoming simultaneously again, that is to say and can either reduce labour intensity, raise labour productivity, can reach the land for growing field crops seedling bed seedling raising and cultivation method of high yield, efficient purpose again.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to adopt special-purpose operation tool, nutrition soil and the control measures of a cover, a kind of method of coming growing nursery and culture with differential expression seedling bed instead of dedicated rice seedling bed, land for growing field crops is provided.It is guaranteeing on the basis of output, removed from pull up seedlings, rice transplanting and rice transplanting operation, alleviated labour intensity, easy to use, effect is obvious, is that new approach is opened up in paddy rice high yield, efficient cultivation.
The present invention is achieved in that
1. prepare special-purpose little seedling bed controller and seedling nutritious soil.Nutrition soil is main constituent with organic manure, organic fiber and natural earth, suitably adds the paddy rice type composite fertilizer of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium.The allocation ratio of various raw materials is: fertilizer 5%, organic fiber 15%, natural earth 77%～79%, composite fertilizer 1～3%.
2. before the operation of little seedling bed the land for growing field crops is handled.According to having only the water field ploughing machine operation and the different of water, two kinds of harvesting and tillage machine operations of drought being arranged, (there is detailed explanation the back) handled in the land for growing field crops accordingly.
3. make little seedling bed and sowing.According to suitable line-spacing and spacing in the rows, produce the little preferably seedling bed of uniformity in the land for growing field crops with little seedling bed controller.In sowing, dial in and educate required special nutrient soil in strong sprout.
4. after planting, carry out rich water quality management,, bring out strong sprout in order to emerging, growing seedlings.
The present invention according to suitable line-spacing and spacing in the rows, is made into the little preferably seedling bed of uniformity owing to adopt special-purpose little seedling bed controller, can control the density of plantation; In sowing, broadcast, can overcome the influence of geographical environment rice growth into seedling nutritious soil, impel seedling neat, tiller manyly, guarantee to bring out strong sprout, guarantee and improve output; Removed from pull up seedlings, rice transplanting or rice transplanting operation, reduced labour intensity to a great extent.In addition, seedling nutritious soil can adopt the common raw materials in rural area such as city human excrement, chicken house or pig farm ight soil, rice wheat stalk and natural earth, has both had the characteristics simply and easily of making, have again can make rational use of resources, the effective advantage of energy savings.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a rice field micro seedling bed seedling raising and cultivation process chart.
Fig. 2 is little seedling bed controller transverse side view.
Fig. 3 is the vertical lateral plan of little seedling bed controller.
Fig. 4 is little seedling bed controller working head bottom view.
Among the figure, 1. punch die, 2. plane control plate, 3. connecting rod, 4. control stick.
Embodiment
Process chart in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, with one season the semilate rice mechanized be operating as example, describe specific implementation method of the present invention in detail.
1, the special-purpose little seedling bed controller of preparation
Before preparing little seedling bed controller, at first need to understand its basic technical conditions requirement, mainly comprise:
1. should have manual in the operation and machine interlock dual mode, and easy to adjust;
2. be adapted to different soil typess, as loose ground and knotts clay;
3. satisfy agronomy, as the program request and the requirement of broadcasting of going;
4. simple in structure, operation easily;
5. quality safety is reliable.
According to specification requirement, designed and manufactured a series of little seedling bed controllers, main model has:
Hunan QA-1 type is the loose soil type of manual program request;
Hunan QA-2 type is the manual program request soil type that hardens;
Hunan JA-1 type is motor-driven program request loose ground type;
Hunan JA-2 type is motor-driven program request knotts clay type;
Hunan B-1 type is that machine connection row is broadcast type.
Owing to sowing and different mode of transfer force being arranged, its controller and machine coupling components should be had any different:
1. F1 mechanical-force-transmission type is applicable to that power passes axle, the power transmission of axle dress cam to controller function by sprocket wheel, is regulated by spring and screw mechanism.Its model adds F1 above-mentioned machine connection type-word imperial mother, as Hunan JAF1-1 type.
2. the pneumatic or hydraulic pressure power transmission type of F2, power are implemented to open and close by the electromechanical integration by-pass valve control by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure force-transmitting piston and controller attended operation, control to adjust.Its model adds F2 above-mentioned machine connection type-word imperial mother, as Hunan FAF2-1 type.During the operation of machine connection, should be specifically noted that the coordination of making little seedling bed, sowing and broadcast nutrition soil three.
Little seedling bed controller is made up of control stick, connecting rod, plane control plate and punch die.The basic operation method is:
1. holding control stick has an effect and reaches the little seedling bed of working head punching press soil moulding through connecting rod;
2. control stick links to each other with connecting rod, and manual operation or cooperation sower drive working head and carry out operation;
3. plane control plate and connecting rod weld together, and keep the flatness and the degree of depth of little seedling bed;
4. punch die is welded under the plane control plate, is used for making little seedling bed, sows and broadcast nutrition soil.
2, preparation micro seedling bed seedling raising nutrition soil
(1) prescription is formed
Adopting organic manure, organic fiber and natural earth is main constituent, suitably adds the paddy rice type composite fertilizer of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium.The allocation ratio of various raw materials is: fertilizer 5%, organic fiber 15%, natural earth 77%～79%, composite fertilizer 1～3%.
(2) feedstock production
1. organic manure adopts city human excrement, chicken house or pig farm ight soil, and after reductant such as ferrous sulfate and magnesium salts and stabilizing agent decomposed fecaluria, deodorizing and fermentation, drying and crushing was stand-by again;
2. organic fiber adopts the rice wheat stalk, and chopping is after fermentation, and dry coarse crushing is stand-by;
3. natural earth adopts clay and two kinds of pulverizing of sand stand-by.The prescription person that adds the clay is used for the land for growing field crops of sand soil property; The prescription person that adds the sand is used for the land for growing field crops of clay soil property.
4. by behind the prescription accurate dosing, even with mechanical agitation, packed products.
3, handle in the land for growing field crops before the operation of little seedling bed
(1) under the situation of having only the water field ploughing machine operation, according to the requirement of rice transplanting method in land for growing field crops to the paddy field, intensive cultivation is carefully whole, and satisfies leakproof, weeding, preventing disease and pest, uses sufficient the quality requirement of base fertilizer, finishes big water in field full employment, and it is stand-by that shallow water is protected the field.Its time should suitably shift to an earlier date than rice transplanting method according to local rainwater condition, weather and land for growing field crops irrigation condition.
(2) under the situation that water, two kinds of harvesting and tillage machine operations of drought are arranged, above-mentioned (1) shallow water is protected stand-by land for growing field crops, field drain the ponding field of drying in the air, make soil moisture less than 40%.Under the situation of the smooth operation of non-irrigated complete machine energy, carefully whole with non-irrigated complete machine intensive cultivation; After thin whole, hold successfully around in the land for growing field crops and enclose ditch, be suitable for mutually with sower according to the area size in land for growing field crops and offer waist ditch piecemeal, in order to draining the interior ponding of soil.Attention: keep the smooth of former paddy field during leveling.Whole more difficult observation place plane is ploughed in the nonirrigated farmland, in the time of can soaking in the land for growing field crops around ridge make the permanent marker of a same level so as to observe during whole ground, the control ground level.
4, the making of little seedling bed and sowing
(1) test before the operation of little seedling bed
1. in above-mentioned the 3rd step (1), finish under the situation in the land for growing field crops that big water in field is whole, shallow water guarantor field is stand-by, with the preceding method field of drying in the air, dry in the air to hold successfully behind the field and enclose ditch, Yao Gou, the soil of trench digging is placed on the ridge or evenly is sprinkling upon on the face of field, continue the field of drying in the air behind the trench digging, after making the field face crack, People's Bank of China occur to trample no obvious footprint, adopt the manual knotts clay type controller of different size specification to study little seedling bed respectively, reach easy to operate, be the specification of success of the test when making the little seedling bed of high conformity easily, carry out extensive operation with the controller of successful specification.
2. in above-mentioned the 3rd step (2), finish under the situation in the land for growing field crops after the paddy field drought is put in order, select for use little seedling bed controller of the various different size specifications of manual loose soil type to test, select a kind of little seedling bed controller easy and simple to handle, high conformity to use as extensive operation.
(2) operation of little seedling bed and sowing
Select precision planter, press factors such as seed rice, geology, weather conditions, select best line-spacing and spacing in the rows, adjust the line-spacing and the spacing in the rows of sower.Change little seedling bed controller of selecting in above-mentioned (1) test into machine connection type controller of the same type, go up in position, debug meticulously, make it to keep strokes according to the type dress.Reach little seedling bed and make, sow and broadcast nutrition soil three's the coordinating and unifying.
If the mechanization row is broadcast, as long as the plough of former row planter and firming mechanism are removed, the former loads onto row and broadcasts the little seedling bed controller of type (Hunan B-1 type), and the latter loads onto nutrition soil and broadcasts device, adjusts line-spacing, but just operation.If there is not suitable sower, adopt manual operations and select controller for use by result of the test, finish and make little seedling bed, sow and broadcast the operation of nutrition soil one by one by line-spacing and spacing in the rows.
Little seedling bed degree of depth can have four kinds of different degree of depth specifications such as 2.5cm, 3cm, 3.5cm and 4cm by the dimensions control of controller.
5, the rich water quality management before seedling four leaves
Finish after planting, key is a rich water quality management.Required existing seedling nutritious soil of fertilizer of seedling is used as ensureing during this, so only need the management to water.Other are all undertaken by the operation of rice field transplanting method except that management such as sick worm, evils, implement meticulously, guarantee that the last high yield in land for growing field crops is efficient.
The basic step of rich water quality management comprises:
1. after planting carry out the shallow irrigation seed soaking first time, the water surface is advisable to exceed little seedling bed nutrition soil 1cm, is no more than ground level at most;
2. behind seed sprouting, drain ponding in good time, seed is taken root under moistening situation grew to for four leaf phases;
3. four leaf after dates carry out rich water quality management by the efficient paddy field quality requirement of high yield in good time, note shining the sky in good time, and control divides evil.The check of growing seedlings, the standard that reaches strong seedling is: four leaf age plant heights, 15～18cm, the leaf look green is and not dense, 13～20 of radicals, root white, the root hair is many and sturdy, and rice shoot is neat.
Claims (2)
1, the little seedling bed controller of a kind of rice field is made up of control stick, connecting rod and working head.It is characterized in that: control stick and connecting rod are cylindrical bar, and the size of the executing agency of size and sower is complementary, so that drive the operation that working head is made little seedling bed, sowed and broadcast seedling nutritious soil.Working head comprises plane control plate and punch die.The plane control plate is circular or square, and concrete size shape is decided by factors such as soil soil property, seed rice, agronomy line-spacing spacing in the rows and nutrition soil consumptions, welds together with connecting rod; Punch die is welded under the plane control plate for the cylinder of band 2.5cm, 3cm, 3.5cm and four kinds of different depth specifications of 4cm hole.
2, a kind of rice field seedling bed seedling raising nutrition soil, it is characterized in that: seedling nutritious soil is main constituent with organic manure, organic fiber and natural earth, suitably adds the paddy rice type composite fertilizer of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium.The allocation ratio of various raw materials is: fertilizer 5%, organic fiber 15%, natural earth 77%～79%, composite fertilizer 1～3%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2006100587853A CN1843081A (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-03-07 | Micro seedling bed seedling raising and cultivation method in rice field |
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| CNA2006100587853A CN1843081A (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2006-03-07 | Micro seedling bed seedling raising and cultivation method in rice field |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105237219A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-13 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice organic inorganic seedling-growing matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN105850615A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-08-17 | 宁海县农业技术推广总站 | Rice planting method |
| CN107306713A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-11-03 | 枞阳县横埠庆平家庭农场 | A kind of paddy seedling culture method |
| CN107306712A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-11-03 | 枞阳县横埠庆平家庭农场 | A kind of rice seedling cultural method |
-
2006
- 2006-03-07 CN CNA2006100587853A patent/CN1843081A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850615A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2016-08-17 | 宁海县农业技术推广总站 | Rice planting method |
| CN105850615B (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2018-12-18 | 宁海县农业技术推广总站 | A kind of paddy rice planting method |
| CN105237219A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-13 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice organic inorganic seedling-growing matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107306713A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-11-03 | 枞阳县横埠庆平家庭农场 | A kind of paddy seedling culture method |
| CN107306712A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-11-03 | 枞阳县横埠庆平家庭农场 | A kind of rice seedling cultural method |
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Open date: 20061011 |