CN1835925A - 取代的螺苯并氮杂䓬 - Google Patents
取代的螺苯并氮杂䓬 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1835925A CN1835925A CNA2004800231176A CN200480023117A CN1835925A CN 1835925 A CN1835925 A CN 1835925A CN A2004800231176 A CNA2004800231176 A CN A2004800231176A CN 200480023117 A CN200480023117 A CN 200480023117A CN 1835925 A CN1835925 A CN 1835925A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- benzoyl
- compound
- benzo
- chloro
- alkene
- Prior art date
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Abstract
本发明涉及用作加压素受体拮抗剂的式(I)的非肽取代的苯并氮杂䓬,该化合物用于治疗加压素受体活性相关疾病,例如那些涉及血管阻力增加和心功能不全的疾病,除此之外还包括充血性心力衰竭、低钠血症和高血压。还公开了包含式(I)化合物的药物组合物,以及治疗下述疾病的方法:高血压、充血性心力衰竭、心功能不全、冠状血管痉挛、心缺血、肝硬化、低钠血症、肾血管痉挛、肾衰竭、糖尿病性肾病、脑水肿、脑缺血、中风、血栓形成或水潴留。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及新的非肽取代的螺苯并氮杂,可用作例如加压素受体拮抗剂。
发明背景
加压素为一种九肽激素,主要由垂体后叶腺分泌。该激素通过血管V-1受体亚型和肾V-2受体亚型发挥其作用。加压素的功能包括收缩子宫、膀胱和平滑肌;刺激肝糖原分解;诱导血小板聚集;从垂体前叶释放促肾上腺皮质素及刺激肾水再吸收。作为中枢神经系统(CNS)中的神经递质,加压素可影响攻击性行为、性行为、应激反应、社交行为和记忆力。V-1a受体介导加压素的中枢神经系统效应、平滑肌收缩和肝糖原分解效应,而V-1b受体介导加压素的垂体前叶效应。V-2受体,可能只存在于肾脏,通过刺激腺苷酸环化酶,影响加压素的抗利尿作用(Liebsch,G等,Neurosci.1996,217,101)。
血浆加压素水平的升高似乎在充血性心力衰竭的发病机制中起作用(P.A.Van Zwieten,Progr.Pharmacol.Clin.Pharmacol.1990,7,49)。在患充血性心力衰竭尚有意识的狗中,在治疗其充血性心力衰竭的进程中,非肽加压素V-2受体拮抗剂诱发低重量摩尔渗透压浓度促水排泄作用,并降低外周阻力(H.Ogawa,J.Med.Chem.1996,39,3547)。在某些病理状态下,对于特定的重量摩尔渗透压浓度,血浆加压素水平可能不适当地升高,因此导致肾中水潴留和低钠血症。低钠血症连同水肿病症(硬化、充血性心力衰竭、肾衰竭),可能并发抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征(SIADH)。用加压素V-2拮抗剂治疗SIADH妥协的大鼠矫正了它们已有的低钠血症(G.Fujisawa,KidneyInt.1993,44(1),19)。加压素V-1拮抗剂也作为高血压潜在的治疗方法降低血压,部分原因是加压素对脉管系统V-1受体的收缩作用。已知的加压素受体拮抗剂包括YM-087(Yamanouchi);VPA-985、WAY-140288和CL-385004(American Home Products);SR-121463(Sanofi-Synthelabo);及OPC 31260、OPC 41061和OPC 21268(Otsuka)。
因此,加压素受体拮抗剂可用作以下疾病的治疗药:高血压、低钠血症、充血性心力衰竭/心功能不全、冠状血管痉挛、心缺血、肝硬化、肾血管痉挛、肾衰竭、糖尿病性肾病、脑水肿和脑缺血、中风、血栓形成和水潴留。其它疾病可包括肾病综合征、中枢神经系统损伤、痛经、攻击行为、焦虑症和强迫性障碍。
发明概述
本发明涉及由下式I所表示的化合物、或其药物可接受的C1-6酯、C1-6酰胺或二(C1-6烷基)酰胺或盐:
其中
R1和R2之一为H,而另一个为H、NR5R6、C1-6烷氧基、羟基或卤素;其中R5和R6各自独立地为H或C1-3烷基;
R3为氯;
R4为氯、氟、甲氧基或甲基。
本发明的化合物为加压素受体拮抗剂,一般用于下述疾病:内耳疾病、高血压、充血性心力衰竭、心功能不全、低钠血症、冠状血管痉挛、心缺血、肝硬化、肾血管痉挛、肾衰竭、糖尿病性肾病、脑水肿和脑缺血、中风、血栓形成、水潴留、攻击行为、强迫性障碍、痛经、肾病综合征和中枢神经损伤。
优选疾病选自高血压、充血性心力衰竭、心功能不全和低钠血症。
本发明的特征还为包含药物可接受的载体和上述式I的任何化合物的药物组合物,以及由一种或多种式I化合物与药物可接受载体混合制备的药物组合物。本发明的特征还为药物组合物的制备方法,该方法包括将上述任何化合物和药物可接受的载体混合。
本发明进一步提供本发明化合物或组合物的使用方法。例如,本发明的一个实施方案为治疗需要治疗的受治疗者与加压素受体活性相关的疾病(例如由加压素拮抗作用介导的疾病)的方法,该方法包括给予所述受治疗者治疗有效量的本发明所公开的任何化合物或本发明所公开的任何药物组合物。
本发明另一个实施方案为抑制受治疗者与加压素受体活性相关的疾病的发作或进程的方法,该方法包括给予所述受治疗者预防有效量的式I化合物的药物组合物。
本发明另一个实例为治疗需要治疗的受治疗者的选自以下疾病的方法:高血压、充血性心力衰竭、心功能不全、低钠血症、冠状血管痉挛、心缺血、肝硬化、肾血管痉挛、肾衰竭、糖尿病性肾病、脑水肿、脑缺血、中风、血栓形成和水潴留,该方法包括给予所述受治疗者治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或药物组合物。优选治疗任何这些疾病所给予化合物的治疗有效量每天约0.05-1g。
以下发明详述、实施例及所附权利要求书公开了本发明的其它
实施方案和特征。
发明详述
本发明提供用作加压素受体拮抗剂的非肽取代的螺苯并氮杂化合物。具体地讲,这些取代的螺苯并氮杂化合物抑制加压素与V-1a、V-1b和/或V-2受体结合,优选抑制与V-1a和V-2受体结合。在转染分别表达人V-1a和V-2受体的HEK-293细胞时,本发明化合物还通过它们抑制由精氨酸加压素(AVP)诱导的胞内钙活动化和cAMP积累的能力而显示功能活性。
本发明非肽取代的螺苯并氮杂化合物为加压素受体拮抗剂。在一个优选实施方案中,该化合物有口服活性。在另一个优选实施方案中,该化合物具有阻断加压素与V-1a和V-2结合的能力,程度大于对与V-1b结合的阻断。正如下文描述的药理学研究结果所证明的一样,该化合物显示阻断加压素与重组V-1a和/或V-2结合的能力,因此可用作以下疾病的治疗药或预防药:攻击行为、强迫性障碍、高血压、痛经、低钠血症、充血性心力衰竭/心功能不全、冠状血管痉挛、心缺血、肝硬化、肾血管痉挛、肾衰竭、水肿、局部缺血、中风、血栓形成、水潴留、肾病综合征、焦虑症和中枢神经损伤。
A.术语
下面对下列术语进行定义,它们的运用贯穿于本说明书。
“烷基”包括任选取代的直链、支链或环状烃,其中至少去掉一个氢以形成基团。烷基包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、1-甲基丙基、戊基、异戊基、仲戊基、己基、庚基、辛基等。烷基包括环烷基,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。例如C3烷基包括正丙基、异丙基和环丙基;C4烷基包括正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、环丁基、环丙基甲基和甲基环丙基。
“烷氧基”包括任选取代的直链、支链或环状的烷基,其中有一个末端氧将烷基与分子的其余部分相连接。烷氧基包括甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基等。“氨基烷基”、“硫代烷基”和“磺酰基烷基”为烷氧基的类似物,分别把烷氧基的末端氧原子替换为NH(或NR)、S、SO和SO2。
“卤基”或“卤素”包括氟、氯、溴和碘,优选氟或氯。作为烷基上含有一个或多个卤原子的取代基,卤基提供单取代基、二取代基和三取代基,例如三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、三氟甲硫基、二氟甲氧基或氟甲硫基。
“药物可接受的盐、酯和酰胺”包括羧酸盐、氨基酸加成盐、酯和酰胺,它们在合理的利益/风险比范围内,具合理的药理功效,适于与患者组织接触而无不当毒性、刺激性或变态反应。这些盐、酯和酰胺可为C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、芳基、C2-10杂芳基或C2-10非芳族杂环的盐、酯和酰胺等。本发明中有代表性的药物可接受的酯包括C1-7烷基酯、C5-7环烷基酯、苯基酯和苯基(C1-6)烷基酯。优选酯包括甲酯和乙酯。其它实例包括C1-6烷基、C1-5烷基、C1-4烷基或C1-3烷基等的酯或酰胺。对于二烷基酰胺,每个烷基为独立选择的。
代表性的盐包括氢溴酸盐、氢氯酸盐、氢碘酸盐、高氯酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硝酸盐、乙酸盐、草酸盐、戊酸盐、油酸盐、棕榈酸盐、硬脂酸盐、月桂酸盐、硼酸盐(borate)、硼酸盐(boronate)、苯甲酸盐、乳酸盐、磷酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、柠檬酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、酒石酸盐、萘酸盐、甲磺酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、乳糖酸盐、甲磺酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、水杨酸盐、糖精酸盐和月桂基磺酸盐。这些可包括碱金属和碱土金属阳离子例如钠、钾、钙、镁和锌,以及无毒铵、季铵和胺阳离子例如四甲基铵、甲胺、三甲胺和乙胺。参见S.M.Berge等,“Pharmaceutical Salts”,J.Pharm.Sci.,1977,66:1-19;“Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts-Properties,Selection,andUse”P.Heinrich Stahl,Camille G.Wermuth编著,Wiley-VCH出版社出版,Zurich,Switzerland中的实例,所述文献通过引用结合到本文中。
本发明代表性的药物可接受的酰胺包括衍生自氨、C1-6烷基伯胺和二(C1-6烷基)仲胺的那些酰胺。二烷基酰胺有2个可独立选择的烷基(例如甲基丙基酰胺)。仲胺包括5元或6元的杂环或杂芳环部分,例如包含至少一个氮原子和任选1个和2个额外杂原子的吗啉基。优选酰胺衍生自氨、C1-3烷基伯胺和二(C1-2烷基)胺。
“患者”或“受治疗者”包括需要接受与相关疾病或病症有关的观察、实验、治疗或预防的哺乳动物,例如人和动物(狗、猫、马、大鼠、兔、小鼠、非人类灵长类)。优选患者或受治疗者为人。
“组合物”包括含规定剂量的规定成分的产品以及由规定剂量的规定成分组合而获得的任何产品。
“治疗有效量”或“有效量”(或“预防有效量”)是指由研究人员、兽医、医学博士或其它临床医师所确定的每种活性化合物或药物在组织系统、动物或人中引发生物反应或药物反应的量,其中包括缓解(或者预防,或者延迟或抑制疾病的发作)所治疗病症或疾病的症状。
“预防有效量”是指由研究人员、兽医、医学博士或其它临床医师所确定的每种活性化合物或药物在组织系统、动物或人中引发生物反应或药物反应的量,其中包括预防,或者延迟或抑制疾病的发作,预防,或者延迟或抑制所治疗病症或疾病的症状。
对本说明书和本权利要求书中各种有关基团进行了三项基本说明。第一个说明涉及化合价。对于所有烃基,与权利要求书的内容所表示的一样,不论是饱和的、不饱和的或芳族的,也不论是环状、直链或支链,每个基团都包括该类型的取代基和一价基、二价基和多价基,所有杂环基也同样。上下文的内容将表明取代基为亚烷基或者为去掉至少2个氢原子(二价)的烃基或为去掉多个氢原子(多价)的烃基。
第二,把本文所定义的基团或结构片段理解为包括取代的基团或取代的结构片段。烃基包括含碳和氢的一价基,例如烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基和环烯基(不论是芳族的还是不饱和的),以及相应的二价(或多价)基,例如亚烷基、亚烯基、亚苯基等。杂碳基包括含碳、任选氢、和至少1个杂原子的一价基和二价基(或多价基)。一价杂碳基的实例包括酰基、酰氧基、烷氧基酰基、杂环基、杂芳基、芳酰基、苯甲酰基、二烷基氨基、羟烷基等。以“烷基”为例,“烷基”应理解为包括有一个或多个取代基的取代烷基,例如1-5个,1-3个或2-4个取代基。取代基可以相同(二羟基、二甲基)、相似(氯氟代)或者不同(被氯苄基或氨甲基取代)。取代烷基的实例包括卤代烷基(例如氟甲基、氯甲基、二氟甲基、全氯甲基、2-溴乙基、三氟甲基和3-碘环戊基)、羟烷基(例如羟甲基、羟乙基、2-羟丙基)、氨基烷基(例如氨基甲基、2-氨基乙基、3-氨基丙基和2-氨基丙基)、硝基烷基、烷基烷基等。二(C1-6烷基)氨基包括独立选择的烷基,以形成甲基丙基氨基和异丙基甲基氨基等,另外二烷基氨基有两个相同的烷基,例如二甲基氨基或二乙基氨基。
根据一个实施方案,式I环上未指定的氢(例如非R1、R2、R3或R4)不被取代。
第三,仅涉及稳定的化合物。
B.化合物
本发明的特征为本发明概述中具有药物活性的式I的取代苯并氮杂,例如V14a/V2双重拮抗剂。化合物的实例包括其中定义如下的那些化合物:(a)R2为氨基;(b)R1或R2(或优选R2)为C1-6烷氧基、或C1-5烷氧基、或C1-4烷氧基或C1-3烷氧基;(c)R1或优选R2为甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、环丙氧基、丁氧基,异丁氧基、环丁氧基、环丙基甲氧基或叔丁氧基;(d)R2为甲氧基或乙氧基;(e)R4为氟、氯或甲基;(f)R4为氟或氯;(g)R4为氟;(h)R2为甲氧基、乙氧基或异丙氧基,R4为氟、氯或甲基;(i)R2为甲氧基或乙氧基,R4为氟、氯或甲基;(j)R2为甲氧基或乙氧基,R4为氟或氯;(k)R2为甲氧基或乙氧基,R4为氟或甲基;(l)R2为甲氧基或乙氧基,R4为氟;(m)化合物为式I化合物或其药物可接受的盐或酯;(n)化合物为式I化合物或其药物可接受的盐;(o)式I化合物不被进一步取代;(p)化合物中任一烷基或亚烷基可被卤素、甲基、甲氧基、羟基、氨基或氰基取代;(q)R2为H、羟基、氨基、C1-4烷氧基或卤素;(r)R1为H;(s)其中(q)和(r)适用;(t)其中取代只发生在羧基上;(u)取代只在R2和R4上;(v)取代只在5元螺环上;(x)其中(t)和(u)适用;(y)其中(t)、(u)和(v)适用;(z)R1或R2(或优选R2)为氨基、甲基氨基、乙基氨基、正丙基氨基、环丙基氨基或异丙基氨基;(aa)R1或优选R2为二甲基氨基、甲基乙基氨基、甲基(正丙基或异丙基)氨基、二乙基氨基、乙基(异丙基或正丙基)氨基或二丙基氨基;(bb)R2为甲基氨基、二甲基氨基或乙基氨基;(cc)或者上述(a)至(bb)中任2、3或4种的组合。
本发明化合物还包括其中R4也可为H,或者其中R3也可为氟、溴、甲基、氨基、甲基氨基、二甲基氨基、卤代甲基、羟基、甲硫基(CH3S-)、环丙基或甲氧基的那些化合物。
优选化合物的实例包括:
1)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
2)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-乙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
3)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-异丙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
4)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
5)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
6)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
7)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
8)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
9)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
10)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
11)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
12)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
13)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
14)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
15)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
16)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
17)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
18)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
19)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
20)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
21)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
22)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
23)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
24)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯,和
25)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
26)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯。
更优选本发明的特征为选自实施例6和实施例7的目标化合物的化合物;或该化合物为实施例7的目标化合物;或最优选本发明化合物为实施例6的目标化合物。
在其它方面,发现与单取代的2-氯苯基或2-甲基苯基、5-氟-取代苯基等相比,末端2-氯苯基在5位被进一步取代时,对V-1a/V-2双重活性似乎特别有利,这也是本发明的特征。优选化合物为选择性的,有良好的生物利用度及低肝胆毒性。
本发明的特征也为发现了螺环优选具(R)构型,正如式I所要求的一样。
当本发明的化合物具有至少一个立体中心时,它们因此可以对映异构体存在。当化合物具有两个或两个以上的立体中心时,它们还可以非对映异构体存在。应该理解为所有此类异构体及其混合物也包括在本发明的范围内。然而,式I规定了螺碳的几何构型(R),且只有(R)被认为是本发明的优选实施方案。
相关化合物
本发明提供所公开的化合物,以及与所公开化合物密切相关的药物可接受的形式,例如其盐、酯、酰胺、酸、水合物或溶剂合物的形式;被掩蔽或被保护的形式;及外消旋混合物,或对映体纯或旋光纯的形式。相关化合物也包括可检测的经过改性的本发明化合物,例如同位素18F标记的用于正电子发射断层扫描(PET)或单光子发射计算机化断层扫描(SPECT)中的探针。
本发明也包括所公开的化合物,所述化合物具有一个或多个被保护基掩蔽的官能团(例如羟基、氨基或羧基)。参见例如Greene和Wuts,
Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,第三版,(1999),JohnWiley & Sons,NY。某些这类被掩蔽或被保护的化合物是药物上可接受的;其它则用作中间体。本文所公开的合成中间体和方法,及其微小修改也在本发明的范围内。
羟基保护基
羟基保护基包括甲基醚、取代甲基醚、取代乙基醚、取代苄基醚和甲硅烷基醚。
取代甲基醚
取代甲基醚的实例包括甲氧基甲基、甲硫基甲基、叔丁硫基甲基、苄氧基甲基、对甲氧基苄氧基甲基、(4-甲氧基苯氧基)甲基、叔丁氧基甲基。
取代乙基醚
取代乙基醚的实例包括1-乙氧基乙基、1-甲基-1-甲氧基乙基、1-甲基-1-苄氧基乙基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、叔丁基、烯丙基、对氯苯基、对甲氧基苯基和苄基。
取代苄基醚
取代苄基醚的实例包括对甲氧基苄基、3,4-二甲氧基苄基、对卤代苄基、2,6-二氯苄基、对氰基苄基、对苯基苄基、二苯基甲基。
酯
除醚外,羟基可保护为酯。酯的实例包括甲酸酯、苯甲酰基甲酸酯、乙酸酯、三氯乙酸酯、三氟乙酸酯、甲氧基乙酸酯、苯氧基乙酸酯、对氯苯氧基乙酸酯、苯甲酸酯。
磺酸酯
磺酸酯的实例包括硫酸酯、甲磺酸酯、苄磺酸酯和甲苯磺酸酯。
氨基保护基
氨基保护基包括氨基甲酸酯、酰胺和特殊的-NH保护基。
氨基甲酸酯的实例包括氨基甲酸甲酯和氨基甲酸乙酯、取代氨基甲酸乙酯、辅助裂解氨基甲酸酯、光解裂解氨基甲酸酯、脲型衍生物和其它氨基甲酸酯。
氨基甲酸酯
氨基甲酸甲酯和氨基甲酸乙酯的实例包括氨基甲酸甲酯和氨基甲酸乙酯、氨基甲酸9-芴基甲酯、氨基甲酸4-甲氧基苯甲酰甲酯。
取代乙基酯
取代氨基甲酸乙酯的实例包括2,2,2-三氯乙基、2-苯基乙基、叔丁基、乙烯基、烯丙基、1-异丙基烯丙基、苄基、对甲氧基苄基、对硝基苄基、对溴苄基、对氯苄基、2,4-二氯苄基和二苯基甲基。
光解裂解剂
光解裂解剂的实例包括间硝基苯基,3,5-二甲氧基苄基、邻硝基苄基、3,4-二甲氧基-6-硝基苄基和苯基(邻硝基苯基)甲基。
酰胺
酰胺的实例包括N-甲酰基、N-乙酰基、N-三氯乙酰基、N-三氟乙酰基、N-苯基乙酰基、N-3-苯基丙酰基、N-皮考啉酰基、N-3-吡啶基甲酰胺基、N-苯甲酰基、N-对苯基苯甲酰基和邻苯二甲酰基。
对羰基的保护
环状缩醛和缩酮
环状缩醛和缩酮的实例包括1,3-二噁烷和5-亚甲基-1,3-二噁烷。
对羧基的保护
酯
取代甲基酯
取代甲基酯的实例包括9-芴基甲基、甲氧基甲基、甲硫基甲基、甲氧基乙氧基甲基、2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基甲基、苄氧基甲基、苯甲酰甲基、对溴苯甲酰甲基、α-甲基苯甲酰甲基和对甲氧基苯甲酰甲基。酯的实例还包括直链或支链烷基酯,例如叔丁基酯、乙基酯、丙基酯、异丙基酯和丁基酯。
取代苄基酯
取代苄基酯的实例包括三苯基甲基、二苯基甲基、9-蒽基甲基、2,4,6-三甲基苄基、对溴苄基、邻硝基苄基、对硝基苄基、对甲氧基苄基、2,6-二甲氧基苄基、胡椒基、4-吡啶甲基和p-P-苄基。
甲硅烷基酯
甲硅烷基酯的实例包括三甲基甲硅烷基、三乙基甲硅烷基、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基、异丙基二甲基甲硅烷基、苯基二甲基甲硅烷基和二叔丁基甲基甲硅烷基。
C.合成方法
本发明提供可按常规有机合成方法以及矩阵或组合合成方法,制备本发明所公开的化合物的方法。流程1-3描述了所建议的合成路线。本领域技术人员可运用这些流程、以下的指导和实施例,开发本发明范围所指定化合物制备的类似方法。在下一小节中,提供了有关化学合成的一般性指导;在E小节的实施例中,提供了有详细实验方案的具体实施例。背景资料也可在2002年1月10日公布的WO 02/02531 A1中查找,所述专利通过引用结合到本文中。
本领域技术人员应了解,可通过购买本文所公开的任一流程所描述的中间体或被保护的中间化合物,加快本发明化合物的合成。本领域技术人员还应了解,在本发明化合物制备方法的任一方法中,可能必需和/或需要保护所涉及任何分子上的敏感基团或反应基团。这可通过常规保护基得以实现,例如“Protective Groups in OrganicSynthesis”,John Wiley & Sons,1991中所描述的保护基。可以用本领域已知的方法,在方便的阶段除去这些保护基。所述合成路线的实例包括合成实施例1-16。可按相似的路线制备这些实施例中目标化合物的类似化合物,在许多情况下,已按相似的路线制备得到所述的类似化合物。本发明所公开的化合物用于基础研究,并用作例如下一小节所描述的药物。
根据WO 02/02531 A1中所阐明的化学方法制备化合物7,方法简述如下:将3-苄基-3-甲酰基甲基环己烯(市售或按照美国专利号5,753,715中的方案1制备)氧化成相应的酸。所得酸经分子内环化,得到3-氧代-[5,5]-螺-[4,5]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯。用肟使酮经贝克曼(Beckman)重排,得到区域异构内酰胺,所得区域异构内酰胺经柱色谱法分离,得到4-氮杂-3-氧代-[6,5]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯。内酰胺经还原,得到类似的苯并氮杂。在二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷等溶剂中,用甲苯磺酰氯和除酸剂例如吡啶或三乙胺,使苯并氮杂成为甲苯磺酸酯被保护起来。经臭氧解后,得到3′-甲酰基螺苯并氮杂。在二甲基甲酰胺中,用已知的氧化剂例如重铬酸吡啶鎓处理,使甲酰基氧化成羧酸,再用盐酸或氢溴酸等无机酸处理,除去甲苯磺酰基。樟脑磺酸盐的选择性结晶,得到(R)-螺苯并氮杂羧酸,然后在实施例1中,可通过费歇尔(Fischer)酯化将其转化为相应的乙酯。
当R1或R2为H、卤素或烷氧基时,本发明的化合物可通过流程1所示的化学方法制备。通式1中的羧酸可通过采购或用文献中描述的方法合成,然后,在硫酸二甲酯等烷化剂及碳酸钾等碱的溶剂例如丙酮中,在环境温度及回流温度的范围内处理,使之转化成为通式2的酯而保护起来。或者,可在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用甲醇和盐酸或硫酸等无机酸合成通式2的酯。通式2化合物的硝基可在适当条件下还原为通式3相应的胺,条件例如在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围,1-20个大气压的氢气,在乙酸乙酯、甲醇或乙醇等溶剂中经催化剂例如披钯木炭催化氢化。在环境浓度至约60℃的温度范围内,在二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷等溶剂中,用通式4适当取代的苯甲酰氯及三乙胺等有机碱,使通式3的胺转化为通式5相应的酰胺。通式4的苯甲酰氯可购得,或者可按文献中的方法,在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,合成酰基氯或相应的羧酸,然后用亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂处理,或用亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂处理,使之转化成为酰基氯。可分两步将通式5的酯转化为通式6的酰基氯。第一,在环境温度至约80℃的温度范围内,用氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾等碱的水溶液以及合适的助溶剂例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙醇或某些组合溶剂,使酯皂化为羧酸。第二,在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂,或用亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂处理,使羧酸转化成通式6的酰基氯。在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,所得到的酰基氯在三乙胺等温和有机碱的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂中,用化合物7处理,得到通式8化合物。在环境温度至约80℃温度范围内,用氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾等碱的水溶液以及合适的助溶剂例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙醇或某些组合溶剂,使通式8化合物皂化,得到通式9a的产物。用盐酸等无机酸进行水法后处理,得到通式9a的最终产物。
流程1
当R1或R2为H、卤素或烷氧基时,本发明的化合物也可通过流程2所示的化学方法制备。通式1的羧酸可通过采购或者可用文献中所描述的方法合成,然后在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂或亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂处理,使之转化成通式10相应的酰基氯。在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用化合物7和三乙胺等有机碱的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂,处理通式10化合物,得到通式11的化合物。通式11化合物的硝基可用氯化锡(II)等试剂的甲醇、乙醇、丙醇等醇溶剂,还原为通式12的胺,值得注意的是,当R2为醇盐时,反应产物可为原有的醇盐及从醇溶剂中所得醇盐的混合物。通式12化合物可分两步转化成通式9a的产物。首先,在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用通式4的酰基氯(参见流程1的描述)及三乙胺等有机碱的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂处理,使胺转化成相应的酰胺。在环境温度至约80℃的温度范围内,所得到的中间体用氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾等碱的水溶液以及合适的助溶剂例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙醇或者某些组合溶剂处理。用盐酸等无机酸进行水法后处理,得到通式9a的最终产物。
流程2
当R1或R2为羟基时,本发明的化合物可通过流程3中概述的化学方法制备。在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,通式13的酸可用通式4(参见流程1的描述)的酰基氯以及三乙胺等有机碱的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂处理,得到通式14的化合物。在环境温度至约60℃的范围内,用亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂,或者亚硫酰氯或草酰氯等试剂的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂处理,得到通式15的化合物。在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用化合物7和三乙胺等有机碱的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂处理通式15的化合物,得到通式16的化合物。在环境温度至约80℃的温度范围内,用氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾等碱的水溶液以及合适的助溶剂例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙醇或某些组合溶剂,使通式16的化合物皂化,得到通式9b的产物。用盐酸等无机酸进行水法后处理,可得到通式9b的最终产物。
流程3
当R1或R2为氨基或取代氨基时,本发明的化合物可用流程4中概述的化学方法制备。通式17的化合物在文献已有记载,可在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用甲醇和催化量的硫酸或盐酸等无机酸处理,使通式17的化合物转化成通式18的化合物。然后,在环境温度至约80℃的温度范围内,经50-100%肼水溶液处理,得到通式19的化合物。在环境温度下,用(BOC)2O等试剂使通式19的化合物转化成通式20的化合物。在环境温度至约50℃的温度范围内,在甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯等溶剂中,用披钯木炭等催化剂以及1-20个大气压的氢气,经氢化还原成通式21的化合物。在环境温度至约60℃的温度范围内,用通式4的化合物(参见流程1的描述)以及三乙胺等有机碱的二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷溶剂,使通式21的化合物酰化,得到通式22的化合物。在环境温度至约80℃的温度范围内,用氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾等碱的水溶液以及合适的助溶剂例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙醇或某些溶剂组合,经皂化反应,得到通式23的化合物。在环境温度至40℃的温度范围内,在二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷或苯等溶剂中,用DCC或EDC等碳二亚胺偶联试剂使通式23的化合物与化合物7偶联,得到通式24的化合物。在环境温度至约40℃的温度范围内,在甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯等溶剂中,用盐酸或硫酸等无机酸处理通式24的化合物,得到通式25的化合物,其中R5和R6为H。按上述方法处理通式24的化合物,再用甲醛、乙醛或丙醛,在利于单烷基化或二烷基化的条件下,进行还原性胺化,然后在0℃至约40℃的温度范围内,在甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃、二噁烷等溶剂中,用氰基硼氢化钠等还原剂处理,可得到通式25的化合物,其中R5和R6为甲基、乙基或丙基。在环境温度至约80℃的温度范围内,用氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾等碱的水溶液以及合适的助溶剂例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、乙醇或某些组合溶剂,使通式25的化合物皂化,得到通式9c的产物。用盐酸等无机酸进行水法后处理,得到通式9c的最终产物。
流程4
D.用途与制剂
式I化合物可用于治疗高血压、低钠血症、充血性心力衰竭/心功能不全、冠状血管痉挛、心缺血、肝硬化、肾血管痉挛、肾衰竭、糖尿病性肾病、脑水肿、脑缺血、中风、血栓形成和水潴留等疾病。可根据本领域已知方法,例如本文中以下生物学实施例1-3的方法,研究其用途。因此本发明提供治疗有需要的受治疗者的任一上述疾病的方法,该方法包括给予药用有效量的式I的化合物。可通过任何便利的给药途径,包括但不限于静脉内、口服、皮下、肌内、皮内和胃肠外,给予患者该化合物。
本发明也提供药物组合物,所述组合物包含一种或多种,例如2、3或4种本发明的化合物以及药物可接受的载体。
根据常规制药技术,将一种或多种式I的化合物,例如其盐,作为活性成分与药用载体均匀混合,以制备本发明的药物组合物。载体形式取决于给药类型,例如口服或肌内等胃肠外给药。在制备口服剂型组合物时,可使用任何常用的药用介质。因此对于混悬剂、酏剂和溶液剂等液体口服制剂,合适的载体和添加剂包括水、乙二醇、油、醇、矫味剂、防腐剂、着色剂等;对于固体口服制剂,例如散剂、胶囊剂、囊片剂、软胶囊剂和片剂,合适的载体和添加剂包括淀粉、糖、稀释剂、制粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂等。由于片剂和胶囊剂易于给药,因此是最便利的口服剂量单位形式,在此情况下,通常使用固体药用载体。如果需要,片剂可通过标准技术包糖衣或肠溶衣。对于胃肠外给药,载体通常包括无菌水,但也可包括例如有助于溶解或保存目的的其它成分。也可制备注射用的混悬剂,在此情况下,可使用合适的液体载体、悬浮剂等。本文的药物组合物的每剂量单位(例如片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、注射剂、一茶匙等)将包含适量的活性成分,以释放必需的如上所述有效的剂量。本文的药物组合物每单位剂量单位(片剂、胶囊剂、散剂、注射剂、栓剂、一茶匙等),将含约0.1mg-1g活性剂。非限制性的实例包括0.2mg、0.5mg、0.75mg、1mg、1.2mg、1.5mg、2mg、3mg、5mg、7mg、10mg、25mg、50mg、100mg、250mg和500mg剂量。然而,剂量可根据患者的需要、待治疗疾病的严重程度和所使用的化合物而变化。可使用每日给药或者定期给药的用法。
优选这些组合物为单位剂型,例如片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、散剂、颗粒剂、无菌胃肠外溶液剂或混悬剂、计量气雾剂或液体喷雾剂、滴剂、安瓿剂、自我注射装置或栓剂;用于口服、胃肠外、鼻内、舌下或直肠给药,或通过吸入法或吹入法给药。或者,所述组合物也可以适于每周一次或每月一次给药的形式提供;可以采用例如所述活性化合物的不溶性盐如癸酸盐,以提供用于肌内注射的贮库制剂。为了制备片剂等固体组合物,将所述主要活性成分与诸如以下的药用载体和其它药用稀释剂例如水混合以形成固体预制组合物:玉米淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、滑石粉、硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、磷酸氢钙或树胶等常规片剂成分,所述固体预制组合物含有本发明化合物或其药物上可接受的盐的均质混合物。把这些预制组合物称为均质,是指所述活性成分在整个所述组合物中均匀分散,使得可以容易地将所述组合物再分为同等有效的剂型例如片剂、丸剂和胶囊剂。然后,将该固定预制组合物再分为含有0.1mg至约1000mg或以上本发明活性成分的上述的单位剂型。可以将所公开的组合物的片剂或丸剂包糖衣或者作其它处理,以提供有延长起效优势的剂型。例如,所述片剂或丸剂可以包含内给药组分和外给药组分,后者为前者的包膜形式。这两种组分可以由一层肠溶衣分隔开,所述肠溶衣在胃中有抵抗分解的作用,使所述内组分完整通过十二指肠或者被延迟释放。各种各样的材料都可以用作这样的肠溶衣层或包衣,此类材料包括各种各样的聚合酸,例如虫胶、鲸蜡醇和醋酸纤维素。
可供口服给药或注射给药用、其中可以掺入本发明的新型组合物的液体形式包括水性溶液剂、适当矫味的糖浆剂、水性或油性混悬剂、和用食用油例如棉籽油、芝麻油、椰子油或花生油矫味的乳剂、以及酏剂和类似的药用溶媒。可供水性混悬剂用的合适分散剂或悬浮剂包括合成和天然的树胶例如西黄蓍胶、阿拉伯胶、藻酸盐、葡聚糖、羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或明胶。
如果根据本发明制备化合物的方法得到立体异构体的混合物,则这些异构体可通过制备型色谱法等常规技术进行分离。所述化合物可以制备成外消旋的形式,或者通过对映体专一性或对映体选择性的合成方法,或者通过拆分制备各自的对映异构体。通过成盐以形成非对映体对等标准技术,可使化合物解析成其组分的对映体。也可通过形成非对映体的酯或酰胺,随后通过色谱分离,除去手性助剂,解析所述化合物。或者,所得化合物可用立体形成(stereogenic)HPLC柱进行解析。
有利的是,本发明的化合物可以单次日剂量给予,或者总日剂量可分每日2、3或4次的分次剂量、每周一次、每两周一次或每月一次的剂量给予。此外,可以鼻内形式,通过局部应用合适的鼻内载体,或通过本领域普通技术人员熟知的透皮贴剂形式,给予本发明的化合物。当然,在整个给药方案中,以透皮递药系统形式给药的剂量是连续的而不是间歇性的。
例如,对于以片剂或胶囊剂形式的口服给药,可将活性药物组分与乙醇、甘油、水等口服无毒、药物上可接受的惰性载体混合。此外,必要或必需时,也可将合适的粘合剂、润滑剂、崩解剂和着色剂掺入到所得混合物中。合适的粘合剂包括但不限于淀粉、明胶、天然糖例如葡萄糖或β-乳糖、玉米甜味剂、阿拉伯树胶、西黄蓍胶等天然和合成树胶或者油酸钠、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸镁、苯甲酸钠、乙酸钠、氯化钠等。崩解剂包括但不限于淀粉、甲基纤维素、琼脂、皂土、黄原胶等。
液体形式可为适当矫味的悬浮剂或分散剂,例如西黄蓍胶、阿拉伯树胶、甲基纤维素等合成树胶和天然树胶。对于胃肠外给药,需要无菌混悬剂和无菌溶液剂。当需要静脉内给药时,会使用一般包含合适防腐剂的等渗制剂。
本发明化合物也以脂质体递药系统的形式给予,所述脂质体例如小单层脂质体、大单层脂质体和多层脂质体。脂质体可由各种磷脂形成,例如胆固醇、硬脂酰胺或磷脂酰胆碱。
本发明化合物也可通过使用单克隆抗体作为与化合物分子偶联的特殊载体递药。本发明化合物也可与可溶性聚合物偶联作为靶向药物载体。此类聚合物可以包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、吡喃共聚物、聚羟丙基甲基丙烯酰胺苯酚、聚羟基乙基门冬酰胺苯酚、或被棕榈酰残基取代的聚乙基烯氧化聚赖氨酸。此外,本发明化合物可偶合适用于产生药物控释的生物可降解聚合物,例如聚乳酸、聚ε己酸内酯、多羟基丁酸、聚原酸酯、聚缩醛树脂、聚二氢吡喃、聚氰基丙烯酸酯和水凝胶的交联或两亲嵌段共聚物。
本发明化合物可在任何前述组合物中给予,并可按照本领域建立的给药方案,在需要治疗血管阻力疾病时随时给予。
最佳给药剂量可容易地由本领域技术人员确定,并将随所用的具体化合物、给药方式、制剂规格及疾病的发展而变化。另外,与待治疗的具体患者有关的因素,包括患者年龄、体重、饮食状况和给药时间,都将导致需要对给药剂量作调整。
下述实施例旨在说明本发明,并不是对本发明的限制。
E.实施例
实施例1
(R)-3-乙氧羰基-4-氮杂-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(7)
在室温下,向(R)-螺苯并氮杂羧酸(4g,16.5mmol)的乙醇(200ml)溶液中加入浓硫酸(3.35g,33mmol),搅拌反应混合物16小时。真空浓缩反应混合物,将残余物溶于二氯甲烷(200ml)中,用饱和碳酸氢钠(200ml)洗涤,再用饱和NaCl(200ml)洗涤,所得二氯甲烷萃取液经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩。用色谱法纯化(SiO2,25%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱液),得到4.25g的7,为透明油状物(理论值4.47g,收率95%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ7.0(m,2H),6.8(m,1H),6.7(m,1H),6.6(s,1H),4.25(q,2H),3.15(m,1H),3.05(m,1H),2.9(m,1H),2.7(m,1H),1.8(m,4H).MS(ES)m/z 272(MH)+.
实施例2
(R)-4-(3-甲氧基-4-硝基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(乙氧羰基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(26)
在0℃下,向酯7(4.2g,15mmol)和三乙胺(6g,60mmol)的二氯甲烷(200ml)溶液中加入4-硝基-3-甲氧基苯甲酰氯(6.6g,30.7mmol),搅拌反应混合物2小时,使温度升至室温。将反应混合物倒入冷的1N氢氧化钠中,用二氯甲烷(2×200ml)萃取。合并的二氯甲烷萃取液用NaCl洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到5.2g的26,为透明油状物(理论值6.7g,收率77%)。MS(ES)m/z 451(MH)+。
实施例3
(R)-4-(3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(乙氧羰基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(27a)和(R)-4-(3-乙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(乙氧羰基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(27b)
向26(5.2g,11.5mmol)的乙醇(200ml)溶液中加入SnCl2(7.7g,38mmol),回流搅拌所得反应混合物16小时。加饱和碳酸氢钠(20ml)使反应混合物猝灭,用二氯甲烷萃取。合并的二氯甲烷萃取液经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩。用色谱法纯化(SiO2,50%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱液),得到1.5g的27a以及1g的27b,27a为灰白色固体[MS(ES)m/z 421(MH)+,27b为黄色固体,MS(ES)m/z 435(MH)+。
实施例4
(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(乙氧羰基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(28)
在室温下,向27a(4.16g,9.9mmol)和三乙胺(5.5ml,39.6mmol)的二氯甲烷(400ml)溶液中,加入2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰氯(2.85g,14.85mmol),搅拌所得反应混合物16小时。将反应混合物倒入1NNaOH(200ml)中,用二氯甲烷萃取。合并的二氯甲烷萃取液用饱和NaCl洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩。用色谱法纯化(SiO2,50%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱液),得到2.26g的28,为白色泡沫状物(理论值5.70g,收率40%)。MS(ES)m/z 577(MH)+。
实施例5
(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(29)
在室温下,向乙酯28(2.26g,3.92mmol)的四氢呋喃(75ml)溶液中加入氢氧化锂(1.2g,28.6mmol)的水(50ml)溶液,搅拌所得反应混合物24小时。将反应混合物倒入1N HCl(75ml)中,用乙酸乙酯(3×100ml)萃取。合并的乙酸乙酯萃取液用饱和NaCl洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到1.75g的29,为浅黄色固体(理论值2.15g,收率81%)。
1HNMR(CDCl3)δ8.7(s,1H),8.25(d,1H),7.5(m,1H),7.4(m,1H),7.3-7.1(m,2H),7.0(s,1H),6.95(s,1H),6.7(m,1H),4.9(m,1H),3.7(s,3H),3.1(m,1H),2.7(m,3H),2.1(m,2H),1.75(m,2H).MS(ES)m/z 549(MH)+.
实施例6
(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-乙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(乙氧羰基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(30)
在0℃下,向27b(434mg,1mmol)和三乙胺(0.56ml,4mmol)的二氯甲烷(50ml)溶液中加入2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰氯(229mg,1.5mmol),搅拌所得反应混合物2小时,使温度升至室温。将反应混合物倒入1NNaOH中,用二氯甲烷(2×200ml)萃取。合并的二氯甲烷萃取液用饱和NaCl洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到500mg的30,为白色固体(理论值591mg,收率85%)。MS(ES)m/z 591(M)+。
实施例7
(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-乙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-羧基-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(31)
在室温下,向乙酯30(400mg,0.68mmol)的四氢呋喃(25ml)溶液中加入氢氧化锂(64.5mg,2.7mmol)的水(25ml)溶液,搅拌所得反应混合物16小时。将反应混合物倒入1N HCI(10ml)中,用乙酸乙酯(3×50ml)萃取。合并的乙酸乙酯萃取液用饱和NaCl洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到300mg的31,为蜡状固体(理论值381mg,收率79%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3)δ8.95(s,1H),8.25(d,1H),7.6(m,1H),7.4(m,1H),7.2(m,1H),7.1(m,1H),7.0(m,1H),6.95(s,1H),6.85(s,1H),6.7(m,1H),6.55(s,1H),4.85(m,1H),3.95(m,2H),3.3(m,1H),3.15-2.9(m,1H),2.8-2.6(m,3H),2.15-1.95(m,2H),1.8-1.5(m,2H).MS(ES)m/z 563(MH)+.
实施例8
3-甲氧基-4-硝基-苯甲酸甲酯(32)
配备顶部搅拌器和250ml加料漏斗的5L三颈圆底瓶中,装有3-羟基-4-硝基苯甲酸(122g,0.66mol)、丙酮(试剂级,1.5L)和粉状K2CO3(185g)。向此经搅拌的混悬液中滴加硫酸二甲酯(127ml)。混悬液在室温下搅拌18小时,过滤。滤液经减压浓缩至约原有体积的一半(约750ml),移至3L烧杯中,边搅拌边加入水(1L)。经过滤收集沉淀产物,真空干燥,得到标题化合物32,为白色结晶固体。mp 87-88℃。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.77(d,1H),7.68(d,1H),7.63(d,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.90(s,3H).MS(ES)m/z 212.1(MH)+.
实施例9
4-氨基-3-甲氧基-苯甲酸甲酯(33)
2L帕尔(Parr)高压氢化瓶(玻璃刻度至80psi)中,装有Pd/C(10%/C重量,5g)、乙酸乙酯(800ml)和32(120.5g,0.57mol)。在帕尔装置上给反应混合物中通入H2(30psi)。继续小心加入几次H2,直到压力保持稳定。这一步骤需时约3小时。反应物再振荡0.5小时。氢化反应之后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释以溶解部分沉淀产物,直接经硅藻土短垫板流出,用乙酸乙酯洗涤。溶剂蒸发,得到4-氨基-3-甲氧基-苯甲酸甲酯33,为白色固体。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.55(dd,1H),7.45(d,1H),6.66(d,1H),4.21(s,2H),3.90(s,3H),3.86(s,3H).MS(ES)m/z 182.1(MH)+.
实施例10
4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酸甲酯(34)
配备温度计和加料漏斗的干燥3L三颈圆底瓶中,加入33(96g,0.53mol,1.0当量)和Et3N(88ml,0.64mol,1.2当量)的二氯甲烷(1.2L)溶液。用冰浴将溶液冷却至0℃,并在0℃下,在40分钟内,滴加2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰氯(110g,0.57mol,1.05当量)。加完2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰氯后,在0℃下,再搅拌反应混合物1.5小时。有机层用盐水洗涤三次,经MgSO4干燥,过滤并蒸发,得到4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酸甲酯34,为白色固体。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.84(s,1H),8.61(d,1H),7.75(dd,1H),7.60(d,1H),7.55(dd,1H),7.45(dd,1H),7.20-7.13(m,1H),3.97(s,3H),3.93(s,3H).MS(ES)m/z 338.0(MH)+.
实施例11
4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酸(35)
在室温下,在45分钟内,向34(180g,0.53mol,1当量)的四氢呋喃(1800ml)溶液中,滴加溶于H2O(200ml)的LiOH(14.1g,0.59mol,1.1当量)。室温下搅拌反应混合物16小时。溶剂经减压蒸发,残余物重溶于水(约3L)中。滤出不溶性固体。在剧烈搅拌下,用浓HCl水溶液(37%)使水性滤液酸化直到pH<2。将所得白色固体沉淀物过滤,并用水洗涤。然后将湿的滤饼移到烧瓶中,50℃真空下,在旋转蒸发器上干燥过夜,得到4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酸35,为干的白色细粉。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:12.90(s,1H),10.01(s,1H),8.22(d,1H),7.65-7.45(m,4H),7.45-7.30(m,1H),3.88(s,1H).MS(ES)m/z 322.0(MH)+.
实施例12
4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酰氯(36)
将35(152g,0.45mol,1当量)悬浮于二氯甲烷(1.5L)中,并加入二甲基甲酰胺(1ml)。0℃下,在30分钟内,滴加草酰氯(71.6g,0.56mol,1.2当量)。加完草酰氯后,移开冰浴,在室温下再搅拌反应混合物3.5小时。溶剂和任何未反应的草酰氯被蒸发掉,得到白色固体,40℃真空下,在旋转蒸发器上进一步干燥,得到4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酰氯36,为干的白色固体。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.97(s,1H),8.71(d,1H),7.91(dd,1H),7.60(d,1H),7.57(dd,1H),7.47(dd,1H),7.21-7.15(m,1H),3.99(s,3H).MS(ES)m/z 339.9(MH)+.
用类似于实施例12所概述的方法,将4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酸悬浮于二氯乙烷中,反应得到4-(2-氯-5-氟-苯甲酰基氨基)-3-甲氧基-苯甲酰氯,为白色固体。
实施例13
(R)-1,2,3,5-四氢-螺-[4H-1-苯并氮杂-4,1′-[2]环戊烯]-3′-甲酸(37)
在配备气泵搅拌器的5L三颈圆底烧瓶中,将甲磺酸-(4R)-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并氮杂-4-螺-3′-环戊-1′-烯-甲酸-(1R,4S)-7,7-二甲基-2-氧代-二环[2.2.1]庚烷(500g,1.05mol)悬浮于水(2L)中,得到pH约3-4的反应混合物。通过加料漏斗,将饱和NaHCO3水溶液缓慢加到混合物中直到pH为6。然后加入二氯甲烷(1L),搅拌混合物浆液1小时。然后滤出混合物中任何残留的原料。分离各层,水层用二氯甲烷(2×150ml)萃取。合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到(4R)-1,2,3,5-四氢-螺-[4H-1-苯并氮杂-4,1′-[2]环戊烯]-3′-甲酸(37),为深灰色固体。对于残留的原料,再次重复以上过程直到所有盐都完全转化为游离酸。合并(4R)-1,2,3,5-四氢-螺-[4H-1-苯并氮杂-4,1′-[2]环戊烯]-3′-甲酸的全部粗产物,使之悬浮于乙酸乙酯/己烷(1∶1)中,在室温下搅拌过夜,然后过滤,得到(4R)-1,2,3,5-四氢-螺-[4H-1-苯并氮杂-4,1′-[2]环戊烯]-3′-甲酸37,为灰色固体,收率88%。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.09-7.01(m,2H),6.76(t,1H),6.77(s,1H),6.72(d,1H),3.17-3.14(m,1H),3.07-3.05(m,1H),2.82(dd,2H),2.71-2.54(m,2H),1.92-1.68(m,4H).MS(ES)m/z 244.1(MH)+.
实施例14
(R)-4-(3-异丙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(乙氧羰基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(38)
向硝基化合物7(200mg,0.34mmol)的异丙醇(50ml)溶液中加入SnCl2(128mg,0.68mmol),所得反应混合物经回流搅拌16小时。反应混合物用饱和碳酸氢钠(20ml)猝灭,并用二氯甲烷萃取。合并的二氯甲烷萃取液经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩。用色谱法纯化(SiO2,乙酸乙酯洗脱液),得到56mg的38,为灰白色固体(理论值190mg,收率30%)。MS(ES)m/z 449(MH)+。
实施例15
(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-异丙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(甲氧羰基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(39)
在室温下,向38(50mg,0.12mmol)和三乙胺(0.08ml,0.6mmol)的二氯甲烷(25ml)溶液中加入2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰氯(39mg,0.23mmol),搅拌所得反应混合物16小时。将反应混合物倒入1N NaOH(50ml)中,用二氯甲烷萃取。合并的二氯甲烷萃取液用饱和NaCl洗涤,经硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩。用色谱法纯化(SiO2,50%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱液),得到80mg的39,为白色泡沫状物,无需进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。
实施例16
(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-异丙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯(40)
在室温下,向乙酯39(80mg,0.15mmol)的四氢呋喃(10ml)溶液中加入氢氧化锂(18mg,0.75mmol)的水(10ml)溶液,搅拌所得反应混合物24小时。将反应混合物倒入1N HCl(25ml),用乙酸乙酯(3×50ml)萃取。合并的乙酸乙酯萃取液用饱和NaCl洗涤,经无水硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到51mg的40,为浅黄色固体(理论值64mg,收率80%)。
1HNMR(CDCl3)δ8.7(s,1H),8.25(d,1H),7.5(m,1H),7.4(m,1H),7.3-7.1(m,2H),7.0(s,1H),6.95(s,1H),6.7(m,1H),4.9(m,1H),4.4(m,1H),3.1(m,1H),2.7(m,3H),2.1(m,2H),1.75(m,2H),1.3(d,3H),1.1(d,3H).MS(ES)m/z 577(MH)+.
生物学实施例1
(A)体外结合试验
试验缓冲液为50mM Tris-Cl、5mM MgCl2、0.1% BSA(pH7.5),含有5μg/ml牛胰蛋白酶抑制剂、抑酶醛肽、胃酶抑制剂、50μg/ml杆菌肽和1mM Pefabloc(4-(2-氨基乙基)-苯磺酰氟盐酸盐,由RocheDiagnostics Corporation,Indianapolis,IN生产,由Boehringer Mannheim分销)。H3加压素为3H-精氨酸-8-加压素(NEN Life Sciences,Boston,MA生产;68.5Ci/mmol,试验的终浓度为0.65-0.75nM)。在96孔圆底聚丙烯板的各孔中加入缓冲液、试验化合物、膜(包含人V1a或V2受体)和H3加压素。将反应板置于室温1小时。样品经预浸于0.3聚乙烯亚胺的Unifilter GF/C板(PerkinElmer Life Sciences,Boston,MA)过滤。各板用含0.05%吐温20(Tween 20)的冷生理盐水洗涤5次。干燥后,将滤板底部封闭,向各滤板加入0.025ml Microscint-20(Packard Instrument Co,Meriden,CT)。将板顶部封闭,对板进行计数。通过在这些孔中加入1.25μM精氨酸-8-加压素,测定非特异性结合。%抑制计算如下:
(B)V1a加压素受体功能活性
V1a受体为G蛋白偶联受体,其活化引起胞内钙活动化增强。为了评价化合物的功能性V1a受体活性,用人V1a受体(V1a-HEK细胞)转染HEK-293细胞。让HEK-293细胞在补充10%FBS和谷氨酰胺的DMEM(Dulbecco′s modified Eagle Media)中生长。每两周通过胰蛋白酶消化,并以每孔33,000个细胞接种于96孔板中,对HEK-细胞进行传代。使用Life Technologies(Carlsbad,CA)的DMRIE-C试剂,用人V1a受体DNA转染HEK-293细胞。通过选择在含有遗传霉素培养基中生长的细胞,形成细胞稳定系。在Packard Clear-View黑色96孔板中生长4-6天后,向V1a-HEK细胞中加入钙敏感荧光染料FLUO-3AM。使用FLIPR(荧光成像读板仪(Fluorometric Imaging PlateReader);Molecular Devices,Sunnyvale,CA),通过定量测定胞内荧光以测量胞内钙活动化的变化。首先在细胞中加入试验化合物,所测得的荧光变化结果用以检测受体激动剂的活性。5分钟后,细胞用加压素对抗试验化合物,测试试验化合物的拮抗活性。受体拮抗剂抑制加压素刺激胞内荧光增加的能力。计算IC50。
生物学实施例2
V2加压素受体功能活性
V2受体也是G蛋白偶联受体,当被活化时引起cAMP转换增加。通过测量表达人V-2受体的转染HEK-293细胞(V2-HEK细胞)中cAMP的积累,测定对V2受体的拮抗作用。测定化合物阻断加压素对cAMP积累的刺激作用的能力。用NEN快速板进行放射性免疫测定以测量细胞cAMP的含量。
生物学实施例3
大鼠加压素诱发的高血压的逆转
可用麻醉的加压素诱发的高血压模型,评价化合物的抗高血压活性。用戊巴比妥(35mg/kg,腹膜内)麻醉血压正常,体重350-450g的雄性朗埃文斯(Long Evans)大鼠,并在整个过程中,以10mg/kg/小时持续在腹膜内输注。可以30ng/kg/分静脉输注精氨酸加压素(AVP),以诱发稳定的高血压状态(平均动脉血压升高约50mmHg)。以递增剂量形式给予目标化合物,记录平均动脉血压的最大降低值。可根据剂量-反应关系的线性部分,求出各动物的ED50。
生物学实施例4
几种动物模型被认为可模拟人类糖尿病性肾病的不同类型,具体地说,这些动物模型为大鼠1型糖尿病的链脲佐菌素诱导模型、2型糖尿病的db/db基因小鼠模型和大鼠肾衰竭的5/6肾切除术模型。在链脲佐菌素糖尿病模型中,通过在12周内,以1mg/kg/天、3mg/kg/天或10mg/kg/天给予化合物,在研究期内检验几个糖尿病性肾病指标的终点数据,包括降低的尿清蛋白水平、血清肌酸酐水平和尿中各种细胞素水平,最先评价JNJ-17158063。在研究结束时,通过与正常肾进行比较,从组织学上评估肾的形态变化。在其它两个模型中进行相似的研究以确定活性。
生物学实施例5
缺血性中风和头部创伤后,精氨酸-加压素(AVP)水平急剧升高,引起组织炎症反应。脑部创伤和缺血性中风后,AVP受体拮抗剂通过调节穿过脑血管内皮的水和电解质的运输(通过抑制内皮V1a受体),以及促进利尿(通过肾V2受体),阻断发生大脑水肿。通过抑制神经元V1a受体,AVP受体拮抗剂可介导其它神经保护作用。因此,本发明化合物可用于缺血性中风和创伤性脑损伤。V1a/V2拮抗剂可降低局部缺血后炎症反应,并缩小缺血性中风后脑组织梗塞体积。由于AVP受体拮抗剂的许多神经保护作用和抗水肿作用是在脑血管内皮或肾水平上介导的,因此使化合物穿过血脑屏障并不是必需的。然而,正如上面注意到的,CNS穿透可通过AVP在神经元V1a受体上的限制作用而增强益处。
为了优化血浆半寿期和最佳给药方案,可测定化合物的药代动力学特性。这包括了评价这些化合物穿过血脑屏障的能力,以及直接测量脑组织中的药物浓度和半寿期。可用栓塞性中风的啮齿动物模型测定这些化合物的神经保护和抗水肿特性。在这一模型中,取出等量的动物血液,冷冻过夜使之形成富含凝血酶的血块。然后通过外科术将这个血块置入中脑动脉的起端,并在该位置放置2-4小时以形成长期的脑缺血。血块可以永久留在该位置,或者可通过静脉内给予重组组织纤溶酶原激活物(rt-PA)使血块溶解使得能够再灌注。可以不同次数,根据血块的位置在静脉内给予本发明的加压素受体拮抗剂,也可以快速浓注剂量给予、快速浓注给药后再连续静脉内输注或连续静脉内输注单用,给予本发明的加压素受体拮抗剂。可在局部缺血发作后的2小时至一周时间内不时给予化合物,以确定最佳治疗窗。还可静脉内快速给药,随后口服给予化合物,以确定最佳的治疗持续时间。
可用创伤性脑损伤的啮齿动物模型证明本发明的加压素受体拮抗剂。该模型需要开颅以暴露出硬膜。然后将受控制经测量的重物落到硬膜上引起损伤。该模型已充分表征,形成神经元细胞损失和炎症的己确定模式。
可用一个或多个下述的方法确定水肿、炎症和神经保护:在局部缺血后24小时至4周内,在不同时间点使动物安乐死,用标准组织学方法和组织化学方法,测量梗塞体积和脑水肿体积。各动物也可进行磁共振成像(MRI imaging),致使可在同一动物中,测量梗塞和水肿的进程。最后,可进行血脑屏障完整性和炎性细胞(例如单核细胞、巨噬细胞、小神经胶质细胞)浸润的组织学和组织化学测量,用于定量分析。
最后,可在一系列全面性的行为分析中对所有动物进行评价,以评价加压素受体拮抗剂对神经功能和行为的作用。这些行为评价可包括用foot-fault试验、转杆(Rotarod)试验和beam-balance试验等试验进行的综合神经评价、运动不对称评价和感觉运动整合评价。
数据见下表1,所得值为V1a/V2。外消旋结构A为4-(2-苯基苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-3′-[2-(N,N-二甲氨基乙基羰基)]-4-氮杂-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯,公布在WO 02/02531 A1第43页,为该专利的化合物9。
尽管以上详细说明给出了本发明的原理,并且提供了实施例用于说明目的,但是人们知道,本发明的实践中涵盖所有常规的变化、改变和/或修改,这些都在所附权利要求书及其等同实施方案的范围内。
Claims (25)
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中R2为氨基。
3.权利要求1的化合物,其中R2为C1-4烷氧基。
4.权利要求1的化合物,其中R2为甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、异丁氧基或叔丁氧基。
5.权利要求4的化合物,其中R2为甲氧基或乙氧基。
6.权利要求1的化合物,其中R4为氟、氯或甲基。
7.权利要求1的化合物,其中R4为氟或氯。
8.权利要求1的化合物,其中R4为氟。
9.权利要求6的化合物,其中R2为甲氧基、乙氧基或异丙氧基。
10.权利要求6的化合物,其中R1为甲氧基或乙氧基。
11.权利要求7的化合物,其中R2为甲氧基或乙氧基。
12.权利要求1的化合物,所述化合物选自:
1)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
2)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-乙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
3)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-异丙氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
4)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
5)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
6)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
7)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
8)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
9)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
10)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
11)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-氟苯甲酰基-2-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
12)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
13)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
14)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
15)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
16)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲基苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
17)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
18)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
19)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
20)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
21)(R)-4-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
22)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-甲氧基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
23)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-羟基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
24)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯
25)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-氨基-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯;和
26)(R)-4-(2,5-二氯苯甲酰基-3-氯-4-氨基苯甲酰基)-4-氮杂-3′-(羧基)-[6,4]-螺-[5,6]-苯并十一碳-2′-烯。
13.权利要求1的化合物,所述化合物选自化合物6和化合物7。
14.权利要求1的化合物,所述化合物具有化合物7的化学式。
15.权利要求1的化合物,所述化合物具有化合物6的化学式。
16.一种药物组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求1的化合物和药物可接受的载体。
17.权利要求16的药物组合物,其中所述化合物选自权利要求5、8、9、10、13、14或15。
18.一种治疗患有与加压素受体活性相关的疾病的受治疗者的方法,所述方法包括给予所述受治疗者治疗有效量的权利要求1所限定的式I化合物。
19.一种抑制受治疗者的与加压素受体活性相关的疾病的发作或进程的方法,所述方法包括给予所述受治疗者预防有效量的权利要求1所限定的式I化合物。
20.权利要求18或19的方法,其中所述疾病选自内耳疾病、高血压、充血性心力衰竭、心功能不全、冠状血管痉挛、心缺血、肝硬化、肾血管痉挛、肾衰竭、糖尿病性肾病、低钠血症、脑水肿、脑缺血、中风、血栓形成、水潴留、攻击行为、强迫性障碍、痛经、肾病综合征、焦虑症和中枢神经损伤。
21.权利要求20的方法,其中所述疾病为充血性心力衰竭或心功能不全。
22.权利要求20的方法,其中所述疾病为低钠血症。
23.权利要求20的方法,其中所述疾病为高血压。
24.权利要求20方法,其中所述化合物选自权利要求5、8、9、10、13、14或15。
25.一种制备药物组合物的方法,所述方法包括将权利要求1的任何化合物与药物可接受的载体混合。
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CA2665849A1 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | Spiro benzazepines used as vasopressin antagonists |
US7825111B2 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2010-11-02 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | Substituted spiroheterocycles |
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WO2014062888A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-24 | University Of South Florida | Compositions and methods for treating stroke |
PL2940008T3 (pl) | 2012-12-26 | 2017-10-31 | Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co | Nowa pochodna benzoazepiny i jej zastosowanie farmaceutyczne |
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US5849780A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1998-12-15 | Sanofi | 1-benzenesulfonyl-1-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one derivatives, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions in which they are present |
US5686624A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1997-11-11 | Sanofi | 1-benzenesulfonyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one derivatives, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions in which they are present |
US5663431A (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 1997-09-02 | Sanofi | 1-benzenesulfonyl-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one derivatives, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions in which they are present |
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JP3282494B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-16 | 2002-05-13 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 画像定着装置 |
US5753715A (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1998-05-19 | Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation | 2-disubstituted cyclohexenyl and cyclohexyl antimicrobial agents |
US5726723A (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-03-10 | Technology Research International Corporation | Sub-twisted nematic liquid crystal display |
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AR044781A1 (es) | 2003-06-17 | 2005-10-05 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | Proceso para la preparacion de derivados de espirobenzoazepinas substituidos no peptidicos y de composiciones farmaceuticas que los contienen. |
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