CN1784921B - 在无线通信系统中用于提供上行链路信噪比(snr)估计的方法和装置 - Google Patents

在无线通信系统中用于提供上行链路信噪比(snr)估计的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1784921B
CN1784921B CN2004800121000A CN200480012100A CN1784921B CN 1784921 B CN1784921 B CN 1784921B CN 2004800121000 A CN2004800121000 A CN 2004800121000A CN 200480012100 A CN200480012100 A CN 200480012100A CN 1784921 B CN1784921 B CN 1784921B
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杜尔加·普拉萨德·马拉迪
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/18TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/336Signal-to-interference ratio [SIR] or carrier-to-interference ratio [CIR]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/06TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/12Outer and inner loops
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
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    • H04W52/06TPC algorithms
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    • H04W52/146Uplink power control

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Abstract

一种用于在无线通信系统中提供上行链路信噪比(SNR)估计的方法和装置。通过第一信道接收第一信号和通过第二信道接收第二信号,其中,接收第二信号的信号功率电平高于接收第一信号的信号功率电平。测量第二信号的信噪比(SNR),以及,至少部分地基于第二信号的测量SNR,确定第一信号的SNR。

Description

在无线通信系统中用于提供上行链路信噪比(SNR)估计的方法和装置
根据35U.S.C.§119的优先权要求
本申请要求2003年3月6日提交的、案号为No.030223P1、题目为“Method and Apparatus for a Reverse Link Communication in aCommunication System”的美国临时申请No.60/452790的优先权。
发明领域
本发明一般涉及通信系统,尤其涉及用于在无线通信系统中提供上行链路信噪比(SNR)估计的方法和装置。
技术背景
在过去几年里,无线通信技术经历了爆炸性的增长。该增长的主动力来自无线业务,无线业务为通信公众提供了移动的自由,而不是“束缚”到有线通信系统。该增长的动力还来自经由无线媒介的话音和数据通信的增加的质量和速度,以及其他因素。由于通信领域中的这些增强,无线通信过去对通信公众的数量增长产生了重要的影响,并且将继续产生重要的影响。
一种类型的无线通信系统包括被配置为支持语音和数据通信的宽带码分多址(W-CDMA)系统。该系统可以有多个基站收发机(basetransceiver site),它们通过无线链路与多个移动终端进行通信。基站收发机通过一组前向链路信道,向移动终端发送数据和控制信息,移动终端通过一组反向链路信道,向基站收发机发送数据和控制信息。具体而言,从移动终端发送给基站收发机的反向链路信道包括导频信道、业务信道、速率指示信道等。业务信道把数据从移动终端发送到基站收发机。速率指示信道向基站收发机提供数据速率,用于表明通过业务信道传送数据的速率。基站收发机可把导频信道用于幅度和相位参考,以解调业务信道上的数据。
反向链路信道通常需要进行功率控制,以补偿由于通过移动终端和基站收发机之间的通信媒介的变化而导致的接收信号变化。该功率控制过程通常基于测量导频信道的信噪比(SNR)。例如,基站收发机定期测量所接收的来自移动终端的导频信道的SNR,并将其与目标SNR进行比较。如果所测量的SNR低于目标SNR,则基站收发机向移动终端发送一个“UP”命令。这指示移动终端增加导频信道以及其他信道的功率电平。如果所测量的SNR高于目标SNR,则基站收发机向移动终端发送一个“DOWN”命令。这指示移动终端降低信道的功率电平。移动终端以固定的向上或向下步幅,增加或降低信道的发射功率。
通常,当业务信道上的数据速率增加时,移动终端也增加业务信道的信号功率,以容纳增加后的数据速率。为了使通信链路高效地工作,通常需要增加导频功率,以为更高的数据速率提供更好的相位检测。但是,由于移动终端通过各反向链路发射的总信号功率限于有限量的功率,所以,将导频信道的信号功率电平设置为标称信号功率电平,以实现业务信道的信号功率电平的增加,从而容纳增长后的数据速率和降低导频信道开销。通过将导频信道的信号功率电平保持在标称信号功率电平,业务信道的SNR估计可能不如以较高信号功率电平传输那样准确。结果,由于导频信道上传输的较低信号功率电平的所测量SNR的可靠度的降低,无线通信系统的内环功率控制会受到负面影响。
本发明旨在克服或至少降低上述一个或多个问题的影响。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种用于无线通信系统的方法。该方法包括:通过第一信道接收第一信号和通过第二信道接收第二信号,其中,接收第二信号的信号功率电平高于接收第一信号的信号功率电平。测量第二信号的信噪比(SNR),以及,至少部分地基于第二信号的测量SNR,确定第一信号的SNR。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种装置。该装置包括至少一个发射机,用于通过第一信道发射第一信号和通过第二信道发射第二信号,其中,发射第二信号的信号功率电平高于发射第一信号的信号功率电平。该系统还包括至少一个接收机,用于接收第一和第二信号。该接收机测量第二信号的信噪比(SNR),并且,至少部分地基于第二信号的所测量SNR,确定第一信号的SNR。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种设备。该设备包括接收机,用于通过第一信道接收第一信号和通过第二信道接收第二信号,其中,接收第二信号的信号功率电平高于接收第一信号的信号功率电平。该设备还包括一个处理器,用于测量第二信号的信噪比(SNR),以及至少部分地基于第二信号的所测量SNR,确定第一信号的SNR。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种移动终端。该移动终端包括发射机,用于通过第一信道发射第一信号和通过第二信道发射第二信号到基站收发机,其中,发射第二信号的信号功率电平高于发射第一信号的信号功率电平。该基站收发机接收第一和第二信号,测量第二信号的信噪比(SNR),并且,至少部分地基于第二信号的所测量SNR,确定第一信号的SNR。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种计算机可读介质,实现一种用于无线通信系统的方法。该方法包括:通过第一信道接收第一信号和通过第二信道接收第二信号,其中,接收第二信号的信号功率电平高于接收第一信号的信号功率电平。测量第二信号的信噪比(SNR),以及,至少部分地基于第二信号的所测量SNR,确定第一信号的SNR。
附图简述
图1是根据本发明一个说明性实施例的无线通信系统的框图;
图2是在图1的无线通信系统中进行通信的移动终端的详细示意图;
图3是图1的无线通信系统中的基站收发机的详细示意图;
图4是移动终端和基站收发机之间所使用的前向和反向链路信道的示意图;
图5A和5B分别示出了以码分复用(CDM)和时分复用(TDM)方式传输的速率指示信道;
图6是移动终端向基站收发机发送业务信道、速率控制信道和导频信道的相对信号功率电平的示意图;
图7示出了一张存储在基站收发机中的搜索表,其提供业务信道的数据速率、相应的反向链路信道的业务-导频比和RICH-导频比之间的关系;以及
图8是根据本发明一个实施例提供导频SNR和符号SNR估计的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
参考附图,具体参考图1,图1示出了根据本发明一个实施例的无线通信系统100。无线通信系统100包括多个移动终端(MT)105,它们与多个基站收发机(BTS)110进行通信,基站收发机在地理上是分散的,以便当移动终端105穿过无线通信系统100时为它们提供连续的覆盖范围。
例如,移动终端105可以是无线电话、个人信息管理员(PIM)、个人数字助理(PDA)或被配置为进行无线通信的其他类型计算终端。基站收发机110通过无线通信信道115的前向链路,向移动终端105发送数据,移动终端105通过信道115的反向链路,向基站收发机110发送数据。
在一个实施例中,无线通信系统100通常遵循W-CDMA(宽带码分多址)规范的某个版本。W-CDMA是一种基于IS-95标准的第三代(3G)无线通信标准。根据该说明性实施例,无线通信系统100的操作利用W-CDMA标准的3GPP(第三代合作计划)版本6,但是,在W-CDMA标准的其他版本中,也可以实现其他实施例。在另一实施例中,无线通信系统100可以根据cdma2000标准的3GPP2修改D工作。应当理解的是,应当把这里描述的实施例理解为说明性的而非限制性的。因此,在不脱离本发明精神和保护范围的前提下,系统100可以是各种类型的无线通信系统。
每个基站收发机110连接到基站控制器(BSC)120,BSC 120控制无线通信系统100的基站收发机110和其他通信系统部件之间的连接。基站收发机110和基站控制器120一起形成无线接入网络(RAN),用于与在无线通信系统100内进行通信多个移动终端105之间收发数据。基站收发机110通过通信链路125,连接到基站控制器120,通信链路125可以是有线E1或T1链路。但是,通信链路125也可以是多种有线或无线通信媒介中的任意一种,其包括、但不限于微波、光纤等。此外,图1中对无线通信系统100的简要说明只是为了便于描述本发明。应当理解的是,在不脱离本发明的精神和保护范围的前提下,无线通信系统100可以被配置为具有任何数量的移动终端150、基站收发机110和基站控制器120。
基站控制器120可以连接到各种通信系统部件,以便于为超出无线通信系统100的移动终端有效地扩展可用的通信能力。通信系统部件可以包括:由终端105访问的数据服务器140、公共交换电话网(PSTN)150和互联网160。应当理解的是,图1所示的通信系统部件只是出于说明目的,在不脱离本发明的精神和保护范围的前提下,无线通信系统100可以与各种其他类型的通信系统部件进行交互。
图2示出了根据本发明一个实施例的移动终端105的详细示意图。在一种更简单形式中,移动终端105包括发射机205,用于通过无线通信信道115的反向链路,把数据发送给基站收发机110。移动终端105还包括接收机210,用于通过无线通信信道115的前向链路,接收从基站收发机110发送的数据。在另一实施例中,可以把发射机205和接收机210组合成单个收发机单元,而不是实现为如图所示的两个独立实体。发射机205和接收机210连接到天线215,以便于通过无线通信信道115进行数据的无线发射和接收。
移动终端105还包括用于控制各种操作功能的处理器220和用于存储数据的存储器225。在一个实施例中,处理器220是数字信号处理器(DSP)芯片。但是,应当理解的是,处理器220可以是各种其他商用的处理器或控制器。
移动终端105还包括数据输入单元230,数据输入单元230通过无线通信信道115,把待传输数据提供给基站收发机110。数据输入单元230可以是麦克风或诸如计算机终端之类的数据产生装置的输入端。应当理解的是,数据输入单元230可以用各种其他形式实现,以向处理器220提供输入,因此不一定限于所述的例子。
处理器220处理由数据输入单元230接收的数据,然后将其转发给发射机205,以经过无线通信信道115的反向链路传输到基站收发机110。由接收机210通过无线通信信道115的前向链路接收的来自基站收发机110的数据被转发给处理器220,以进行处理,然后转发给数据输出单元235,用于各种目的,例如,呈现给移动终端105的用户。数据输出单元235可以是扬声器、视频显示器和数据设备(如计算机终端)输出端中至少之一或其组合。应当理解的是,数据输出单元235可以包括各种其他视频或音频可感知设备,因此不一定限于上述例子。此外,图2对移动终端105的简单描述只是为了便于说明本发明。相应地,还应当理解的是,移动终端105可以包括图中所示之外的其他部件,以实现移动终端105的各种其他功能和/或能力。
图3示出了根据本发明一个实施例的基站收发机110的详细示意图。在一种简单形式中,基站收发机110包括:发射机305,用于通过无线通信信道115的前向链路,向移动终端105发射数据;接收机310,用于通过无线通信信道115的反向链路,接收来自移动终端105的数据。在另一实施例中,可以把发射机305和接收机310组合成单个收发机单元,而不是实现为如图所示的两个独立实体。发射机305和接收机310连接到天线315,以促进通过无线通信信道115进行数据的发射和接收。
基站收发机110还包括:处理器320,用于控制各操作特征;存储器325,用于存储数据。在一个实施例中,处理器320可以是数字信号处理器(DSP)芯片。但是,应当理解的是,处理器320可以是各种其他商用处理器或控制器。基站收发机110还包括通信接口340,用于把基站收发机110连接到基站控制器120。应当理解的是,基站收发机110还可以包括附加部件,以执行图中所示之外的多种其他功能。
无线通信信道115包括用于在基站收发机110和移动终端105之间通信的各种信道。图4示出了基站收发机110和移动终端105之间的多个信道。基站收发机110经由一组前向链路信道410,向移动终端105发送数据。这些前向链路信道410通常包括用于传输数据的数据信道和用于传输控制信号的控制信道。
移动终端105经由一组反向链路信道420,向基站收发机110发送数据,反向链路信道420也包括数据信道和控制信道。具体而言,移动终端105经由专用物理控制信道(DPCCH)(如导频信道)422、专用物理数据信道(R-DPDCH)(如业务信道)424和速率指示信道(R-RICH)426,向基站收发机110发送信息。
用比特表示经由这些反向链路信道420从移动终端105发送到基站收发机110的信息。数个比特组成一帧,并被编码成调制符号。调制符号然后经由合适的反向链路信道420传输到基站收发机110。例如,把速率指示比特编码成速率指示调制符号,然后,经由速率指示信道R-RICH 426进行传输。同样,把业务数据比特编码成数据调制符号,并通过业务信道R-DPDCH 424进行传输。
业务信道R-DPDCH 424承载的信号包括从移动终端105到基站收发机110的数据帧。传输这些帧的数据速率通常是可变的。通常情况下,当业务信道R-DPDCH 424上的数据速率增加时,在业务信道R-DPDCH 424上传输数据业务信号所需的功率量也增加。
速率指示信道R-RICH 426承载的信号包括与业务信道R-DPDCH 424上传输的数据业务帧相对应的速率指示帧。每个速率指示帧标识相应数据业务帧的数据速率。速率指示信道R-RICH 426还承载混合自动重传请求(HARQ)信息(如子分组ID、冗余版本等),这使得基站收发机110对业务信道R-DPDCH 424进行解码。HARQ比特使基站收发机110要么在解码之前将收到的数据符号与通过业务信道R-DPDCH 424的先前传输进行软组合,要么独立地将收到符号进行解码。速率指示信道R-RICH 426通常具有固定的低数据速率。
导频信号DPCCH 422承载的导频信号提供幅度和相位参考,例如,用于对业务信道R-DPDCH 424上的数据进行解调。相应地,基站收发机110可以将导频信道DPCCH 422用作解调参考,以解调从移动终端105接收的信号。根据该说明性实施例,导频信号具有固定的低数据速率,以使移动终端105在业务信道R-DPDCH 424上以较高信号功率发射信号,从而容纳其上面传输的较高数据速率。
在一个实施例中,以码分复用(CDM)方式传输速率指示信道R-RICH 426,如图5A所示,其中,在与R-DPDCH 424分离的代码信道(code channel)上传输速率指示信道R-RICH 426。在另一实施例中,以时分复用(TDM)方式,与业务信道R-DPDCH424一起,在相同的代码信道上传输速率指示信道R-RICH 426,如图5B所示,以时分为基础。
通常,随着业务信道R-DPDCH 424上数据速率的增加,终端105也增加业务信道R-DPDCH 424的信号功率,以容纳增加后的数据速率。为了使通信链路高效工作,通常增加导频功率,以为更高的数据速率提供更好的相位估计。因为移动终端105可在各反向链路信道420上传输的最大总信号功率限于有限的功率量,所以,把导频信道DPCCH 422的信号功率电平设置为标称信号功率电平,以实现业务信道R-DPDCH 424的信号功率电平的增加,从而容纳增加后的数据速率和降低导频信号DPCCH 422开销。
但是,通过把导频信道DPCCH 422的信号功率电平保持在标称信号功率电平,导频信道DPCCH 422的信噪比(SNR)的估计可能不像以较高信号电平功率传输时那样准确。传输速率指示信道R-RICH 426的信号功率电平高于导频信道DPCCH 422,通过测量R-RICH 426的SNR,可以对导频信道SNR获得更准确的估计。由于对导频信道DPCCH 422获得了更准确的SNR,所以,无线通信系统100对turbo解码可以实现更高效的内环功率控制和符号调整(symbolscaling)。
图6示出了对于特定数据速率移动终端105把业务信道R-DPDCH 424、速率指示信道R-RICH 426和导频信道DPCCH 422发送给基站收发机110的相对信号功率电平。根据所示出的实施例,导频信道DPCCH 422的信号功率电平保持在标称电平,以允许以较高信号功率电平传送业务信道R-DPDCH 424,从而容纳较高数据速率。在所示出的实施例中,与RICH-导频(R/P)比(即,速率指示信道R-RICH 426上的速率指示信号与导频信道DPCCH 422上的导频信号的每码片能量比值)相比,业务-导频(T/P)比(即,业务信道R-DPDCH 424上的数据信号与导频信道DPCCH 422上的导频信号的每码片能量比值)相对较高。当业务信道R-DPDCH 424上的数据速率增加时,业务-导频比和RICH-导频比之间的差别也增加。在确定导频信道DPCCH 422和业务信道R-DPDCH 424的SNR时,业务-导频比和RICH-导频比之间的关系发挥着重要的作用。
图7中的搜索表700提供了根据本发明一个实施例的业务信道R-DPDCH 424的数据速率710和预期业务-导频比720与RICH-导频比730之间的关系。根据一个实施例,表700存储在基站收发机110的存储器325中,并提供移动终端105把数据通过业务信道R-DPDCH 424发送到基站收发机110的各特定数据速率710的预期业务-导频比720和RICH-导频比730。随着业务信道R-DPDCH424上的数据速率710的增加,业务-导频比720和RICH-导频比730之间的差别也在增加。应当理解的是,表700中提供的对于特定数据速率710的业务-导频比720和RICH-导频比730的具体值只是说明性的。因此,在不脱离本发明的精神和保护范围的前提下,业务-导频比720和RICH-导频比730的值不限于所给出的例子,而是可以包括其他值。
基站收发机110使用表700中对于特定数据速率710的RICH-导频比730,更准确地估计导频信道DPCCH 422和业务信道R-DPDCH 424的SNR。具体而言,在一个实施例中,导频信道DPCCH422的估计SNR是速率指示信道R-RICH 426的测量SNR和业务信道R-DPDCH 424上特定数据速率710的RICH-导频比730的倒数的乘积。业务信道R-DPDCH 424的符号SNR是速率指示信道R-RICH426的测量SNR、业务信道R-DPDCH 424上特定数据速率710的RICH-导频比730的倒数和业务-导频比720的乘积。基站收发机110利用估计的导频SNR,更准确地执行内环功率控制,估计的符号SNR用于turbo解码中的度量调整(metric scaling)。下面详细描述基站收发机110如何确定导频SNR和符号SNR。
为了确定导频信道DPCCH 422的SNR,测量速率指示信道R-RICH 426的SNR。根据所示的实施例,当从移动终端105收到符号时,来自业务信道R-DPDCH 424的符号存储在基站收发机110的存储器325中。可用下面的公式表示在导频过滤之后(例如,信道估计和消除旋转)从速率指示信道R-RICH 426接收的归一化RICH符号:
x k = | α k | 2 · E cp I o · E c , rich · SF I o · e j · φ + α * · E cp I o · N i 2 · I o · { n kl + j · n kQ }
p k = α · E cp · SF p I o · e j · φ + N i 2 · I o · { u kl + j · u kQ }
其中,αk=衰减系数;
Ec,rich=每RICH码片的能量;
Ecp=每导频码片的能量;
SF=RICH的扩频因子;
SFp=导频的扩频因子;
Io=总接收功率谱密度;
φ=相位;
Ni=噪音加干扰功率谱密度;
nkl、nkQ、ukl、nkQ=复噪音加干扰项。
通过相干地、非相干地累积RICH符号,或者,相干和非相干累积的组合,可以确定速率指示信道R-RICH 426的SNR。当非相干地累积RICH符号时,把通过RICH传输的每个RICH符号的能量相加。下面的等式表示非相干累积的一个例子,其提供对RICH符号能量的估计(Es,rich/Io):
E s , rich I o = 1 N · Σ k = 0 N - 1 | x k | 2
用下面的等式表示噪声功率谱密度的估计(Ni/Io):
N i I o = 1 N - 1 · Σ k = 0 N - 2 | p k + 1 - p k | 2
当相干地累积RICH符号时,基站收发机110先对RICH进行解码。如果在传输过程中RICH重复,则可以在每次传输之后对RICH进行解码。成功完成解码之后,基站收发机110获悉所发送的RICH符号,然后可以对收到的符号相干地求和。相干累积的一个例子用下面的等式表示,其提供了RICH符号能量的估计(Es,rich/Io):
E s , rich I o = | y | 2
其中,
y = 1 N · Σ k = 0 N - 1 x k · z k
zk=在时间k的估计RICH符号
噪声功率谱密度的估计(Ni/Io)可用下面的等式表示:
N i I o = 1 N - 1 · Σ k = 0 N - 2 | z k + 1 · x k + 1 - z k · x k | 2
对于非相干累积和相干累积,可以通过下面的等式得到速率指示信道R-RICH 426的SNR(Es,rich/Ni):
E s , rich N i = E s , rich I o · I o N i
在获得速率指示信道R-RICH 426的SNR(Es,rich/Ni)之后,通过下面的等式可以获得导频信道DPCCH 422的SNR(Ec,pilot/Ni):
E c , pilot N i = E s , rich N i · E c , pilot E c , rich
具体而言,通过对速率指示信道R-RICH 426的测量SNR(Es,rich/Ni)和来自基站收发机110的存储器325中存储的表700的业务信道R-DPDCH 424上特定数据速率的RICH-导频比730的倒数求乘积,确定导频信道DPCCH 422的SNR(Ec,pilot/Ni)。如上所述,RICH-导频比730是速率指示信号和导频信号之间的每码片能量比值(Ec,rich/Ec,pilot)。在获得导频信道DPCCH 422的SNR(Ec,pilot/Ni)之后,基站收发机110可使用导频SNR更准确地执行内环功率控制,以与移动终端105进行通信。对于本领域技术人员来说,基站收发机110基于估计导频SNR执行内环功率控制的方式是公知的。因此,为了避免不必要地模糊本发明,这里不再介绍基于导频SNR确定功率控制的细节。
通过下面的等式可以获得用于度量调整的符号SNR(Ds,data/Ni):
E s , data N i = E s , rich N i · E c , data E c , pilot · E c , pilot E c , rich
通过对速率指示信道R-RICH 426的测量SNR(Es,rich/Ni)、业务信道R-DPDCH 424上特定数据速率的RICH-导频比730的倒数和业务-导频比720求乘积,确定符号SNR(Es,data/Ni)。如前所述,从基站收发机110的存储器325中存储的表700中获得业务信道R-DPDCH 424上特定数据速率710的RICH-导频比730和业务-导频比720。然后,基站收发机110用估计的符号SNR(Es,data/Ni)进行turbo解码中的度量调整。对于本领域技术人员来说,基站收发机110基于估计符号SNR执行度量调整的方式是公知的。因此,为了避免不必要地模糊本发明,这里不再介绍基于符号SNR确定度量调整的细节。
在图8中,示出了根据本发明第一个实施例对导频SNR和符号SNR进行估计的方法。在模块810中,基站收发机110的接收机310通过相应的导频信道DPCCH 422、业务信道R-DPDCH 424和速率指示信道R-RICH 426,接收从移动终端105发送的导频信号、数据和速率指示信号。根据一个实施例,速率指示信道R-RICH 426以码分复用(CDM)方式传输,如图5A所示,其中,在与业务信道R-DPDCH424分离的代码信道上,传输速率指示信道R-RICH 426。在另一实施例中,可以用时分复用(TDM)方式,在相同的代码信道上与业务信道R-DPDCH 424一起,以时分方式,传输速率指示信道R-RICH426,如图5B所示。
在模块820中,当接收到来自移动终端105的符号时,基站收发机110存储来自业务信道R-DPDCH 424的符号。在模块830中,基站收发机110的处理器320相干地、非相干地或以相干和非相干累积的组合方式,估计速率指示信道R-RICH 426的SNR。具体而言,当非相干地累积RICH符号时,对RICH传输中的各RICH符号的能量求和。当相干地累积RICH符号时,基站收发机110先对RICH进行解码。如果RICH符号在传输内重复,则在每次传输之后,可以对RICH进行解码。成功完成解码之后,基站收发机110获悉所发送的RICH符号,然后可以对所收到的符号相干地求和。前面描述了相干累积和非相干累积的例子,它们提供对RICH符号能量的估计。在一个实施例中,对RICH符号能量(Es,rich/Io)和噪声功率谱密度(Ni/Io)的倒数求乘积,可以得到速率指示信道R-RICH 426的SNR(Es,rich/Ni),前面已经给出了其计算公式。
在模块840中,通过对速率指示信道R-RICH 426的测量SNR和来自基站收发机110的存储器325中存储的表700的业务信道R-DPDCH 424上特定数据速率710的RICH-导频比730的倒数求乘积,基站收发机110的处理器320确定业务信道DPCCH 422的导频SNR(Ec,pilot/Ni),如下面的等式所示:
E c , pilot N i = E s , rich N i · E c , pilot E c , rich
获得导频信道DPCCH 422的SNR之后,基站收发机110可使用导频SNR执行内环功率控制,以使用本领域公知方法,与移动终端105进行通信。
在模块850中,基站收发机110的处理器320通过对速率指示信道R-RICH 426的测量SNR、业务信道R-DPDCH 424上特定数据速率的RICH-导频比730的倒数和业务-导频比720求乘积,确定业务信道R-DPDCH 424的符号SNR(Ds,data/Ni),如下面的等式所示:
E s , data N i = E s , rich N i · E c , data E c , pilot · E c , pilot E c , rich
如前所述,业务信道R-DPDCH 424上的特定数据速率710的业务-导频比720和RICH-导频比730是从收发机基站110的存储器325中存储的表700中获得的。然后,用本领域公知方法,基站收发机110可以使用估计的符号SNR,在turbo解码中进行度量调整。
通过将导频信道DPCCH 422的信号功率电平保持在标称信号功率电平,以容纳业务信道R-DPDCH 424上的更高数据速率,这将导致导频信道DPCCH 422的SNR估计不像以更高信号功率电平传输的那样准确。利用上述方法,通过测量速率指示信道R-RICH 426的SNR,可以更准确地估计导频信道SNR,传输速率指示信道R-RICH426的信号功率电平高于传输导频信道R-DPCCH 422的信号功率电平。由于对导频信道DPCCH 422获得了更准确的SNR,无线通信系统100可以对turbo解码实现更高效的内环功率控制和符号调整。
本领域技术人员应当理解的是,可以使用任意各种技术和方法来表示信息和信号。例如,在贯穿上面的描述中提及的数据、指令、命令、信息、信号、比特、符号和码片可以用电压、电流、电磁波、磁场或粒子、光场或粒子、或者上述的任意组合来表示。
本领域技术人员还会明白,这里结合所公开的实施例描述的各种示例性的逻辑框、模块、电路和算法步骤均可以电子硬件、计算机软件或二者的结合来实现。为了清楚地示出硬件和软件之间的可交换性,以上对各种示例性的组件、方框、模块、电路和步骤均以其功能性的形式进行总体上的描述。这种功能性是以硬件实现还是以软件实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统所施加的设计约束。熟练的技术人员能够针对每个特定的应用以多种方式来实现所描述的功能性,但是这种实现的结果不应解释为导致背离本发明的范围。
利用通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程的逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑、分立硬件组件或者它们之中的任意组合,可以实现或执行结合这里公开的实施例描述的各种示例性的逻辑框图、模块和电路。通用处理器可能是微处理器,但是在另一种情况中,该处理器可能是任何常规的处理器、控制器、微控制器或者状态机。处理器也可能被实现为计算设备的组合,例如,DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、一个或者更多结合DSP核心的微处理器或者任何其他此种结构。
结合这里公开的实施例所描述的方法或者算法可直接体现为硬件、由处理器执行的软件模块或者这二者的组合。软件模块可能存在于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动磁盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其他形式的存储媒质中。一种典型存储媒质与处理器耦合,从而使得处理器能够从该存储媒质中读信息,且可向该存储媒质写信息。在替换实例中,存储媒质是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储媒质可能存在于一个ASIC中。该ASIC可能存在于一个用户站中。在一个替换实例中,处理器和存储媒质可以作为用户站中的分立组件存在。
提供所述公开的实施例的上述描述可使得本领域的技术人员能够实现或者使用本发明。对于本领域技术人员来说,这些实施例的各种修改是显而易见的,并且这里定义的总体原理也可以在不脱离本发明的范围和主旨的基础上应用于其他实施例。因此,本发明并不限于这里示出的实施例,而是与符合这里公开的原理和新颖特征的最广范围相一致。

Claims (25)

1.一种用于无线通信系统的方法,该方法由基站收发机BTS执行,包括:
通过导频信道接收导频信号和通过速率指示信道接收速率指示信号,接收所述速率指示信号的信号功率电平高于接收所述导频信号的信号功率电平;
测量所述速率指示信号的信噪比SNR;以及
至少部分地基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR,确定所述导频信号的SNR;
其中,所述确定所述导频信号的SNR具体包括:
基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值,确定所述导频信号的SNR。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述至少通过导频信道接收导频信号和通过速率指示信道接收速率指示信号还包括:
至少通过所述导频信道接收导频信号和通过所述速率指示信道接收速率指示信号,所述速率指示信号指示通过业务信道接收数据信号的数据速率。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中,通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的信号功率电平高于接收所述速率指示信号和所述导频信号的信号功率电平。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法,还包括:
至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率,确定所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,还包括:
至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率,确定所述数据信号和导频信号之间的第二每码片能量比值。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,还包括:
至少基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述第一和第二每码片能量比值,确定所述数据信号的SNR。
7.一种有助于进行上行链路信噪比SNR估计的方法,包括:
移动终端通过导频信道发射导频信号和通过速率指示信道发射速率指示信号,发射所述速率指示信号的信号功率电平高于发射所述导频信号的信号功率电平;
基站收发机接收所述导频信号和速率指示信号;以及
其中,所述基站收发机测量所述速率指示信号的信噪比SNR,并且,至少部分地基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR,确定所述导频信号的SNR;
其中,所述基站收发机基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值,确定所述导频信号的SNR。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中,所述速率指示信号指示通过业务信道接收来自所述发射模块的数据信号的数据速率。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中,通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的信号功率电平高于接收所述速率指示信号和所述导频信号的信号功率电平。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法,其中,所述基站收发机至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率,确定所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述基站收发机至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率,确定所述数据信号和导频信号之间的第二每码片能量比值。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中,所述基站收发机至少部分地基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述第一和第二每码片能量比值,确定所述数据信号的SNR。
13.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中,所述移动终端和所述基站收发机经由码分多址CDMA模式进行通信。
14.一种有助于进行上行链路信噪比SNR估计的装置,包括:
用于由移动终端通过导频信道发射导频信号和通过速率指示信道发射速率指示信号的模块,发射所述速率指示信号的信号功率电平高于发射所述导频信号的信号功率电平;以及
用于接收所述导频信号和速率指示信号,测量所述速率指示信号的信噪比SNR,并且,至少部分地基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR,确定所述导频信号的SNR的模块;
其中,基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值,确定所述导频信号的SNR。
15.如权利要求14所述的装置,所述速率指示信号指示通过业务信道接收数据信号的数据速率。
16.如权利要求15所述的装置,其中,通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的信号功率电平高于接收所述速率指示信号和所述导频信号的信号功率电平。
17.如权利要求15所述的装置,其中,至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率,确定所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值。
18.如权利要求17所述的装置,其中,至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率,确定所述数据信号和导频信号之间的第二每码片能量比值。
19.如权利要求18所述的装置,其中,至少部分地基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述第一和第二每码片能量比值,确定所述数据信号的SNR。
20.一种在基站收发机BTS中使用的无线通信装置,包括:
通过导频信道接收导频信号和通过速率指示信道接收速率指示信号的模块,接收所述速率指示信号的信号功率电平高于接收所述导频信号的信号功率电平;
测量所述速率指示信号的信噪比SNR的模块;以及
至少部分地基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR确定所述导频信号的SNR的模块;
其中所述确定所述导频信号的SNR的模块具体包括:
基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值确定所述导频信号的SNR的模块。
21.如权利要求20所述的无线通信装置,其中,所述至少通过导频信道接收导频信号和通过速率指示信道接收速率指示信号的模块还包括:
至少通过所述导频信道接收导频信号和通过所述速率指示信道接收速率指示信号的模块,所述速率指示信号指示通过业务信道接收数据信号的数据速率。
22.如权利要求21所述的无线通信装置,其中,通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的信号功率电平高于接收所述速率指示信号和所述导频信号的信号功率电平。
23.如权利要求21所述的无线通信装置,还包括:
至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率确定所述速率指示信号和导频信号之间的第一每码片能量比值的模块。
24.如权利要求23所述的无线通信装置,还包括:
至少部分地基于通过所述业务信道接收所述数据信号的所述数据速率确定所述数据信号和导频信号之间的第二每码片能量比值的模块。
25.如权利要求24所述的无线通信装置,还包括:
至少基于所述速率指示信号的所述测量SNR以及所述第一和第二每码片能量比值确定所述数据信号的SNR的模块。
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