CN1776522B - 成像组合物和方法 - Google Patents
成像组合物和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1776522B CN1776522B CN2005100656435A CN200510065643A CN1776522B CN 1776522 B CN1776522 B CN 1776522B CN 2005100656435 A CN2005100656435 A CN 2005100656435A CN 200510065643 A CN200510065643 A CN 200510065643A CN 1776522 B CN1776522 B CN 1776522B
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- Prior art keywords
- image forming
- forming composition
- composition
- perhaps
- emulsion
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- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/72—Photosensitive compositions not covered by the groups G03C1/005 - G03C1/705
- G03C1/73—Photosensitive compositions not covered by the groups G03C1/005 - G03C1/705 containing organic compounds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/40—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in vertical planes
- E05D15/46—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in vertical planes with two pairs of pivoted arms
- E05D15/466—Suspension arrangements for wings supported on arms movable in vertical planes with two pairs of pivoted arms specially adapted for windows
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
- E05D3/06—Hinges with pins with two or more pins
- E05D3/14—Hinges with pins with two or more pins with four parallel pins and two arms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/148—Windows
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/72—Photosensitive compositions not covered by the groups G03C1/005 - G03C1/705
- G03C1/73—Photosensitive compositions not covered by the groups G03C1/005 - G03C1/705 containing organic compounds
- G03C1/732—Leuco dyes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/1053—Imaging affecting physical property or radiation sensitive material, or producing nonplanar or printing surface - process, composition, or product: radiation sensitive composition or product or process of making binder containing
- Y10S430/1055—Radiation sensitive composition or product or process of making
- Y10S430/127—Spectral sensitizer containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/163—Radiation-chromic compound
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
- Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
Abstract
成像组合物和方法公开了成像组合物和使用该成像组合物的方法。该成像组合物对于低级别能量敏感,在施加低级别能量后该组合物改变颜色或者色调。该组合物可以用于标记法中。
Description
背景技术
本发明涉及成像组合物和方法。更具体地说,本发明涉及暴露在低功率能量时会产生色彩或者色调变化的成像组合物和方法。
在不同工业中采用了许多组合物和方法来在基材上形成图象,以便标记(mark)该基材。仅举几个例子,这些工业包括造纸工业、包装工业、涂料工业、医学工业、牙科工业、电子工业、纺织业、航空航海和汽车工业、以及视觉艺术。通常用成像法或者标记法来鉴定商品例如厂家的名称或者标志,系列号或者批号,织物类型,或者可以将其在制造半导体晶片,航空飞船,航海船只和陆地车辆时用于对准。
在防护产品、光刻胶、焊接面具、印刷板和其它光聚合物产品中也使用标记法。例如,美国专利5744280公开了一种可光成像组合物,据述可以形成单色或者多色图象,其具有强反差图象的性质。所述可光成像组合物包括光氧化剂,光敏剂,光致去活化合物和氘代无色化合物。该无色化合物是氨基三芳基甲川化合物或者相关的化合物,其中将甲烷(中心)碳原子被掺入的氘所氘化的程度至少为60%。该专利宣称此氘代无色化合物相对于相应的氢化无色化合物能提供增强的反差图象。在使可光成像组合物暴露在光化辐射时引起向光性(phototropic)响应。
在标签上标记信息,在织物上设置标识,或者在半导体器件上印制例如公司名称、系列号这样的信息或者其它的例如批号、或者模具位置这样的信息会受到直接印刷的影响。可以采用压印法或丝网印刷法来进行印刷。由于衬垫具有弹性,所以压印法具有能在弯曲表面印刷的优点,但在形成精细图案方面不利。由于筛网的筛母尺寸有限,丝网印刷也在获得精细图案方面碰到困难。除了较差的精确度外,由于印刷需要为每个所需的图案制造一块板,或者需要时间设置印刷条件,因此这些方法不可能适用于需要实时处理的场合。
因此,印刷标记法近来已经被喷墨标记法所取代。尽管喷墨标记法满足速度和实时处理的要求(这是许多传统的印刷系统所不具备的),但是所使用的油墨(其在受压条件下从喷嘴喷出)具有严格的规定。除非满足该严格规定,否则油墨有时会造成喷嘴堵塞,导致拒绝率的增加。
为了克服这个问题,激光标记法作为一种高速和高效标记法最近引起了注意,并在一些工业中已经投入使用。许多激光标记技术要求仅对基材上必要的区域用激光照射,以使受照区域变性或者除去受照区域,或者对涂覆的基材用激光照射,以除去受照的涂层,由此在受照区域(标记区域)和非受照区域(背景)之间产生对比。
使用激光来标记例如半导体芯片这样的制品是一种快速而且经济的标记方法。然而,也存在一些与激光标记工艺(烧灼表面以得到所需的标记)的技术现状有关的缺点。例如,激光烧灼表面所得的标记对光源可能仅仅在一些选定的入射角度是可见的。此外,标记后沉积在制品表面的油或者其它的污染物会弄污甚至遮住激光标记。另外,由于激光实际上要灼烧工件的表面,对于赤裸的模标记,相关的灼烧可能会破坏底层结构或者内部电路,或者使内模温度增加到超出可以接收的限度。此外,当制造的部件不是由激光活性材料制造时,涂布到组件表面的激光活性涂层增加了费用,并且需要时间来固化。
可选择地,可以使用激光投影仪将图象投影到表面上。它们用来在工作表面上工件定位。已经设计出一些系统,以将三维图象投影到浮雕形状表面而不是平面上。所投影的图象用作制造产品的模型,并且用来将某一层(ply)的理想位置上的图像扫描在先前放置的层上。这些用途的例子是用来制造皮革制品,屋顶的构架和飞机机身。激光投影仪还用来在飞行器的喷漆过程中定位模板或者涂料掩模。
使用扫描的激光图象可指出放置或排列工件的位置(用于钻孔、形成油漆标识或图画的轮廓、或者排列航海船只的部件以便胶粘),需要在校准激光投影仪相对于加工表面的位置时有极好的精确度。一般,为了足够精确地校准工件部件需要六个参考点。反射器或传感器通常已置于靠近要放置所述层的区域。由于这些点相对于工件和激光处于固定的位置,还要知道激光相对于工件的位置。通常,工人使用标记或者标记带在激光光束图象接触工件的位置进行手工标记,以限定激光图象。这种方法太慢,且工人的手会阻挡激光图象而中断光束与工件的对准。因而,可能出现误对准。
与激光标记法相关的另一个问题是潜在的对工人视力的损害。标记中使用的许多激光会使得工人视网膜损坏。通常,产生的能量超过5mW的激光对工人存在危险性。
因此,有必要改进用来标记工件的成像的组合物和方法。
发明概述
成像组合物包括一种或者多种感光剂,在施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量时所述感光剂的量足以影响(affect)该成像组合物的颜色或者色调变化。
在另一个实施例中,该成像组合物包括一种或者多种感光剂,在施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量时所述感光剂的量足以影响该成像组合物的颜色或者色调变化,以及一种或者多种促粘剂或者粘合剂。
在又一个实施方式中,该成像组合物包括一种或者多种感光剂,在施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量时所述感光剂的量足以影响该成像组合物的颜色或者色调变化,还包括形成涂料(paint)制剂的成分。
除了一种或者多种感光剂外,该成像组合物可以包括一种或者多种粘合剂聚合物,增塑剂,流动活性剂,链转移剂,有机酸,表面活性剂,增稠剂,流变改性剂,稀释剂和其它的可选成分,以调制该组合物用于特定标记方法和工件。然后可以将该组合物涂布到工件上以形成图象,用于制造产品。
成像方法包括提供一种成像组合物,该组合物包括一种或者多种感光剂,在施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量时所述感光剂的量足以影响该成像组合物的颜色或者色调变化,将该组合物涂布到工件上;以及对该成像组合物施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量,以影响颜色或者色调变化。或者,选择性地施加能量,以在工件上形成图案。颜色或者色调变化可以用于制造或者修复工件,以改变工件的原始颜色或者色调,或者当暴露在合适级别的能量中时改变工件的颜色或者色调。该成像组合物和方法提供一种快速和有效的方法,用来改变工件的颜色或者色调,或者用来在例如航空飞船,航海船只和陆地车辆这样的工件上设置图象,或者用来在织物上形成图象。
在对工件进一步处理之前或者之后,可以用合适的显影剂或者剥离剂(tripper)除去该成像组合物的一部分。此外,因为该组合物可以包括一种或者多种促粘剂或者粘合剂,因此不想要的部分可以从工件上剥离掉。
该图象可以用作标记或者指示,例如,为紧固装置钻孔以将各部分连接在一起,或者为在飞机上制造标识或者图画而形成轮廓,或者用来对准航海船只的各部件。由于该组合物可以迅速地涂布到工件上,且可以通过施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量迅速地形成图像,以产生颜色或色调对比,因此工人不再需要在制造制品时靠近工件,用手提式标记器或者带子来标记激光束图象。因而,因工人手移动而遮住激光束以及靠工人使用手提式标记器或者带子施加标记时慢速和冗长乏味的过程的问题得以消除,或者至少降低了对工人造成眼睛伤害的可能性。
人为错误的减少使得标记的精确度得以提高。这在用标记对准例如航空飞船,航海船只和陆地车辆的各部件时是重要的,这些场合制造的精确度对于机器的可靠和安全操作是至关重要的。
可以通过例如喷涂,刷涂,辊涂,喷墨,浸涂,或者其它合适的方法来将该成像组合物涂布到基材上。能施加足量能量以产生颜色或者色调变化的能量源包括但不限于激光器,红外和紫外光产生装置。可以使用常规的装置,因而并不一定需要新的和专门的装置来使用所述化合物和方法。此外,在工件上单独的、非选择性涂布该组合物,之后迅速施加能量以产生颜色或者色调变化,这使得该组合物适合于组装线(assembly line)上使用。因而,该组合物比许多常规的对准和成像处理提供了更有效率的制造方法。
附图简述
本专利文件至少包含一幅着色的图。如果需要并且交付必要的费用,本专利带有彩色附图的复印件可由专利局提供。
图1是在聚合物膜上干燥的成像组合物在选择性施加激光束后的光褪色(photofugitive)响应的照片;和
图2是在聚合物膜上干燥的成像组合物在选择性施加激光束后的向光性响应的照片。
发明详述
如本说明书全文使用的,除非文中另有指出,下面的缩写表示下列意义:℃=摄氏度;IR=红外线;UV=紫外线;gm=克;mg=毫克;L=升;mL=毫升;wt%=重量百分比;erg=1达因厘米(dynecm)=10-7焦耳;J=焦耳;mJ=毫焦;nm=纳米=10-9米;cm=厘米;mm=毫米;W=瓦=1焦耳/秒;以及mW=毫瓦;ns=纳秒;μsec=微秒;Hz=赫兹;KV=千伏。
术语“聚合物”和“共聚物”在本说明书全文可以交换使用。“光化辐射”指的是来自可以产生化学变化的光的辐射。“光褪色响应(photofugitiveresponse)”指的是能量的施加导致有色材料褪色或者变浅。“向光性响应(phototropic response)”指的是能量的施加导致材料变暗(darken)。“改变色调(changing shade)”指的是褪色或者变黑。“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”包括甲基丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯两者,以及“(甲基)丙烯酸”包括甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酸。“稀释剂”指的是载体或者媒质,例如溶剂或者固态填充物。
除非另有指出,所有的百分比都是指重量并且基于干重或者无溶剂的重量。所有的数值范围都包含并可以任何顺序结合,除了在逻辑上要限定这些数值范围总和为100%。
成像组合物包括一种或者多种感光剂,所述感光剂的量足以在施加功率5mW或者更小的能量时影响颜色或者色调变化。可将成像组合物涂布到工件上,随后施加功率5mW或者更小的能量,以影响整个工件上的颜色或者色调变化,或者在工件上形成成像的图案。例如,可将成像组合物选择性地涂布到工件上,随后施加能量以影响颜色或者色调变化,从而在工件上产生成像的图案。或者,成像组合物可覆盖在整个工件上,选择性地施加能量,以影响颜色或者色调变化,从而在工件上形成成像的图案。
可以通过下面所要讨论的任何合适的方法将成像组合物涂布到工件上。可以通过从工件上剥离掉不想要的部分来除去组合物,或者可以使用合适的显影剂或者剥离器来除去组合物。这样的显影剂或者剥离剂可以是常规的水基或者有机显影剂和剥离剂。
在该组合物中所采用的感光剂是这样的化合物,其能由能量激活而改变颜色或者色调,或者在激活时产生一种或者多种其它的化合物而改变颜色或者色调。成像组合物包括一种或者多种对可见光敏感的光敏剂(photosensitizer),并且可以由功率为5mW或者更小的能量所激活。通常,这样的感光剂的含量为成像组合物重量的0.005wt%至10wt%,或者例如从0.05wt%至5wt%,或者例如从0.1wt%至1wt%。
在可见光范围内激活的感光剂(sensitizer)的激活波长通常为大于300nm至小于600nm,或者例如从350nm至550nm,或者例如从400nm至535nm。这种感光剂包括,但不限于环戊酮类共轭化合物例如2,5-双-[4-(二乙氨基)苯基]亚甲基]-环戊酮,2,5-双[(2,3,6,7-四氢-1H,5H-苯并〔i,j〕喹嗪-9-基)亚甲基]-环戊酮,2,5-双-[4-(二乙基-氨基)-2-甲基苯基]亚甲基]-环戊酮。这些环戊酮可以由环状酮和三环氨基醛通过本领域所已知的方法制得。
这种合适的共轭环戊酮的例子满足下列化学式:
其中p和q独立地为0或者1,r是2或者3;R1独立地为氢,直链或者支链(C1-C10)脂肪族基团,或者直链或者支链(C1-C10)烷氧基,R1通常独立地为氢,甲基或者甲氧基;R2独立地为氢,直链或者支链(C1-C10)脂肪族基团,(C5-C7)环(例如脂环),烷芳基,苯基,直链或者支链(C1-C10)羟烷基,直链或者支链羟基封端的醚,例如-(CH2)v-O-(CHR3)w-OH,其中V是从2至4的整数,w是从1至4的整数,R3是氢或者甲基,或者每个R2的碳原子可以一起形成一个带有氮的5到7元含氮环,或者一个带有氮并带有选自氧,硫和第二个氮的第二杂环原子的5到7元含氮环。这种感光剂可以在5mW或者更小的功率下激活。
其它在可见光范围内激活的感光剂包括但不限于N-烷氨基芳基酮例如双(9-久洛尼定基酮),双-(N-乙基-1,2,3,4-四氢-6-喹啉基)酮和对甲氧基苯基-(N-乙基-1,2,3,4-四氢-6-喹啉基)酮;由醛或二次甲基半花青与相应的酮在碱催化的缩合反应制得的可见光吸收染料;可见光吸收squarylium化合物;1,3-二氢-1-氧代-2H-茚衍生物;任何香豆素类染料例如酮基香豆素(ketocoumarin),以及3,3’-羰基双(7-二乙基氨基香豆素);卤代二茂钛化合物例如双(η5-2,4-环戊二烯-1-基)-双(2,6-二氟代-3-(1H-吡咯-1-基)-苯基)钛;以及由芳基酮和对双烷基氨基芳基醛衍生得到的化合物。另外的感光剂的例子包括荧光素类型的染料和基于三芳基甲烷核环(nucleus)的光吸收剂材料。这些化合物包括曙红(Eosin),曙红B,和玫瑰红(Rose Bengal)。另外合适的化合物是赤藓红B。制造这种感光剂的方法在本领域是公知的,许多商业方法可用。典型地,这种可见光激活的感光剂占该组合物重量的0.05wt%至2wt%,或者例如0.25wt%至1wt%,或者例如0.1wt%至0.5wt%。
可选地,该成像组合物可以包括一种或者多种由UV光激活的光敏剂。这种由UV光激活的感光剂激活波长通常从大于10nm至小于300nm,或者例如从50nm至250nm,或者例如从100nm至200nm。这种UV激活的感光剂包括但不限于重均分子量从10000至300000的聚合感光剂,例如1-[4-(二甲基氨基)苯基]-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-甲酮(methanone),1-[4-(二甲基氨基)苯基]-1-(4-羟苯基)-甲酮和1-[4-(二甲基氨基)苯基]-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)-苯基]-甲酮的聚合物;酮亚胺的游离碱染料;三芳基甲烷的氨基衍生物染料;呫吨的氨基衍生物染料;吖啶的氨基衍生物染料;甲川染料;和聚甲川染料。制备这种化合物的方法在本领域是已知的。通常,这种UV激活感光剂占该组合物重量的0.05wt%至1wt%,或者例如0.1wt%至0.5wt%。
可选地,该成像组合物可以包括一种或者多种可由IR光激活的光敏剂。这种可由IR光激活的感光剂的激活波长通常为大于600nm至小于1000nm,或者例如从700nm至900nm,或者例如从750nm至850nm。这种IR激活感光剂包括但不限于红外squarylium染料,和羰基花青染料。这种染料在本领域是已知的并且可以由文中所描述的方法制得。典型地,这种染料占该组合物重量的0.05wt%至3wt%,或者例如0.5wt%至2wt%,或者例如0.1wt%至1wt%。
在该成像组合物中还可以使用还原剂。可以作为还原剂的化合物包括但不限于一种或者多种醌化合物,例如芘醌,例如1,6-芘醌和1,8-芘醌;9,10-蒽醌,1-氯代蒽醌,2-氯-蒽醌,2-甲基蒽醌,2-乙基蒽醌,2-叔丁基蒽醌,八甲基蒽醌,1,4-萘醌,9,10-菲醌,1,2-苯并蒽醌(1,2-benzaanthrquinone),2,3-苯并蒽醌,2-甲基-1,4-萘醌,2,3-二氯代萘醌,1,4-二甲基蒽醌,2,3-二甲基蒽醌,,蒽醌α-磺酸钠盐,3-氯-2-甲基蒽醌,惹烯醌,7,8,9,10-四氢萘并萘醌,和1,2,3,4-四氢化苯(亚甲)基蒽-7,12-二酮。
其它可以作为还原剂的化合物包括但不限于具有以下化学式的三乙醇胺酰基酯:
N(CH2CH2OC(O)-R)3 (II)
其中R是具有1至4个碳原子的烷基,0至99%的次氮基三乙酸或者3,3’,3”-次氮基三丙酸的C1-C4烷基酯。这种三乙醇胺的酰基酯的例子是三乙醇胺三乙酸酯和二苄基乙醇胺乙酸酯。
在成像组合物中可以使用一种或者多种还原剂,以提供想要的颜色或者色调变化。典型地,一种或者多种醌可与一种或者多种三乙醇胺的酰基酯一起使用,以提供想要的还原剂功能。用于组合物中的还原剂份量为0.05wt%至50wt%,或者例如5wt%至40wt%,或者例如20wt%至35wt%。
合适的成色物质包括但不限于无色化合物。这种无色化合物包括但不限于氨基三芳基甲烷,氨基呫吨,氨基噻吨(aminothioxanthene),氨基-9,10-二氢吖啶,氨基吩恶嗪,氨基噻吩嗪,氨基二氢吩嗪,氨基二苯基甲川次甲基(antimodiphenylmethine),无色吲达胺,氨基氢化肉桂酸例如氰基乙烷和无色甲川,肼,无色靛青染料,氨基-2,3-二氢蒽醌,四卤-p,p’-联苯,2(对羟基苯基)-4,5-二苯咪唑,和苯乙基苯胺。这种化合物占该组合物重量的0.1wt%至5wt%,或者例如0.25wt%至3wt%,或者例如0.5wt%至2wt%。
在该成像组合物中还可以包括氧化剂,以影响颜色或者色调变化。这种氧化剂通常与一种或者多种成色物质结合使用。可以作为氧化剂的化合物包括但不限于六芳基双咪唑化合物例如2,4,5,2’,4’,5’-六苯基双咪唑,2,2’5-三(2-氯苯基)-4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4,5-二苯基二咪唑(及其异构体),2,2’-双(2-乙氧苯基)-4,4’5,5’,-四苯基-1,1’-二-1H-咪唑,和,2,2’-二-1-奈基-4,4’,5,5’-四苯基-1’-二-1H-咪唑。其它合适的化合物包括但不限于卤代化合物,所述卤代化合物具有不小于40千卡每摩尔的键分解能,以产生作为自由基的第一卤素,并且附着在其上其上的氢不超过1个;具有以下通式的磺酰卤化物:R’-SO2-X,其中R’是烷基,烯基,环烷基,芳基,烷芳基,或者芳烷基,X是氯或者溴;具有以下通式的亚磺酰基硫化物:R”-S-X’,其中R”和X’具有与上面的R’和X同一含义;四芳基肼,苯并噻唑基二硫化物,聚甲基芳基醛,次烷基2,5-环己二烯-1-酮,偶氮苯甲基(azobenzyl),亚硝基,烷基(T1),过氧化物,和卤代胺。该组合物中所包括的这种化合物的份量占该组合物重量的0.25wt%至10wt%,或者例如0.5wt%至5wt%,或者例如1wt%至3wt%。制备该化合物的方法在本领域是已知的并且许多商业方法可以采用。
在该成像组合物中可以包括成膜聚合物作为组合物用的粘合剂。在这些组合物的制剂中可以采用任何成膜粘合剂,只要成膜聚合物不会对想要的颜色或者色调变化产生不利的影响。所包括的成膜聚合物的份量占组合物重量的10wt%至90wt%,或者例如15wt%至70wt%,或者例如25wt%至60wt%。典型地,成膜聚合物由酸官能单体和非酸官能单体的混合物获得。酸和非酸官能单体结合在一起形成共聚物,使得酸值在从至少80,或者例如从150至250范围内。合适的酸官能单体的例子包括(甲基)丙烯酸,马来酸,延胡索酸,柠康酸,2-丙烯基氨基(acrylamino)-2-甲基丙烷磺酸,磷酸2-羟乙基丙烯醇酯,磷酸2-羟丙基丙烯醇酯,和磷酸2-羟基-α-丙烯醇酯。
合适的非酸官能单体的例子包括(甲基)丙烯酸的酯例如丙烯酸甲酯,丙烯酸2-乙基己酯,丙烯酸正丁酯,丙烯酸正己酯,甲基丙烯酸甲酯,丙烯酸羟基乙酯,甲基丙烯酸丁酯,丙烯酸辛酯,甲基丙烯酸2-乙氧基乙酯,丙烯酸叔丁酯,1,5-戊二醇二丙烯酸酯,N,N-二乙基氨基乙基丙烯酸酯,二丙烯酸乙二醇酯,二丙烯酸1,3-丙二醇酯,二丙烯酸癸二醇酯,二甲基丙烯酸癸二醇酯,二丙烯酸1,4-环己二醇酯,2,2-二羟甲基丙烷二丙烯酸酯,二丙烯酸丙三醇酯,二丙烯酸三丙二醇酯,三丙烯酸丙三醇酯,2,2-二(对羟苯基)-丙烷二甲基丙烯酸酯,二丙烯酸三乙二醇酯,聚氧乙基-2,2-二(对羟苯基)-丙烷二甲基丙烯酸酯,二甲基丙烯酸三乙二醇酯,聚氧丙基三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯,二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯,二甲基丙烯酸丁二醇酯,二甲基丙烯酸1,3-丙二醇酯,三甲基丙烯酸1,2,4-丁三醇酯,2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,季戊四醇三甲基丙烯酸酯,1-苯基乙烯-1,2-二甲基丙烯酸酯,季戊四醇四甲基丙烯酸酯,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯,二甲基丙烯酸1,5-戊二醇酯;苯乙烯和取代苯乙烯例如2-甲基苯乙烯和甲苯乙烯,和乙烯酯例如丙烯酸乙烯酯和甲基丙烯酸乙烯酯。
其它合适的聚合物包括但不限于非离子聚合物例如聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮,羟基-乙基纤维素,和羟乙基丙基甲基纤维素。
在该成像组合物中可以使用链转移剂。这种链转移剂作为加速剂。在该成像组合物中可以使用一种或者多种链转移剂。链转移剂或者加速剂增加了暴露于能量之后颜色或者色调变化的速率。任何加速颜色或者色调变化的化合物都可以使用。包括在该组合物中的加速剂的份量可以是0.01wt%至25wt%,或者例如0.5wt%至10wt%。合适的加速剂的例子包括鎓盐和胺。
合适的鎓盐包括但不限于其中鎓阳离子是碘鎓或者锍的鎓盐,例如芳基磺酰氧基苯磺磺酸盐阴离子的鎓盐,鏻(phosphonium),氧代氧化锍(oxysulfoxonium),氧化锍(sulfoxonium),铵,重氮(diazonium),硒鎓(selononium),胂(arsonium),和N-取代N-杂环基鎓,其中N由取代或者未取代的饱和或不饱和的烷基或者芳基所取代。
鎓盐的阴离子可以是例如氯化物或者非亲核性阴离子例如四氟硼酸根,六氟磷酸根,六氟代砷酸根,六氟代锑酸根,三氟甲磺酸根(triflate),四-(五氟磷酸根)硼酸根,五氟代乙烯磺酸根,对甲基苄基磺酸根,乙基磺酸根,三氟甲基乙酸根和五氟乙基乙酸根。
典型的鎓盐的例子包括例如氯代二苯基碘鎓,二苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐,二苯基碘鎓六氟锑酸盐,氯化4,4-二枯基碘鎓,二枯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐,N-甲氧基-a-甲基吡啶鎓-对甲苯磺酸盐,4-甲氧基苯-重氮四氟硼酸盐,4,4’-双十二烷基苯碘鎓-六氟磷酸盐,氯化2-氰乙基-三苯基鏻,双-(4-二苯基锍(sulfonion)苯基)硫化物-二-六氟磷酸盐,双-4-十二烷基苯碘鎓六氟锑酸盐和三苯基锍鎓六氟锑酸盐。
合适的胺包括但不限于伯胺,仲胺和叔胺例如甲胺,二乙胺,三乙胺,杂环胺例如吡啶和哌啶,芳族胺例如苯胺,季铵卤化物例如氟化四乙基胺,和氢氧化季铵例如氢氧化四乙基铵。通式II中的三乙醇胺也有加速剂活性。
在该组合物中还可以包括增塑剂。可以采用任何合适的增塑剂。所包括的增塑剂的份量可以占该组合物重量的0.5wt%至15wt%,或者例如1wt%至10wt%。合适的增塑剂的例子包括邻苯二甲酸酯例如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,邻苯二甲酸二庚酯,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯和邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯,二醇例如聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇,二醇酯例如三亚乙基二醇二醋酸酯,四亚乙基二醇二醋酸酯,和二亚丙基二醇二苯甲酸酯,磷酸酯例如磷酸三甲苯酯,磷酸三苯酯,酰胺例如对甲苯磺酰胺,苯磺酰胺,N-正丁基丙酮胺(acetoneamide),脂肪族二元酸酯例如二异丁基-己二酸酯,二辛基己二酸酯,二甲基癸二酸酯,二辛基壬二酸酯,二丁基苹果酸酯,三乙基柠檬酸酯,三正丁基乙酰基柠檬酸酯,丁基-月桂酸酯,二辛基-4,5-二环氧环己烷-1,2-二羧酸酯,和甘油三乙酰酯。
在该组合物中可以包括一种或者多种流动活性剂。流动活性剂是在基材上提供平滑和平坦涂层的化合物。所包括的流动活性剂的份量可以占组合物的0.05wt%至5wt%,或者例如0.1wt%至2wt%。合适的流动活性剂包括但不限于丙烯酸烷酯的共聚物。这种丙烯酸烷酯的一个例子是丙烯酸乙酯和丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物。
可选地,在成像组合物中可以采用一种或者多种有机酸。有机酸用量可以为0.01wt%至5wt%,或者例如0.5wt%至2wt%。合适的有机酸的例子包括蚁酸,乙酸,丙酸,丁酸,戊酸,己酸,辛酸,发酸,月桂酸,苯乙酸,苯甲酸,邻苯二甲酸,间苯二甲酸,对苯二甲酸,己二酸,2-乙基己酸,异丁酸,2-甲基丁酸,2-丙基庚酸,2-苯基丙酸,2-(对异丁苯基)丙酸,和2-(6-甲氧基-2-萘基)丙酸。
可选地,在成像组合物中可以使用一种或者多种表面活性剂。包含在该组合物中的表面活性剂的份量可以占该组合物的0.5wt%至10wt%,或者例如1wt%至5wt%。合适的表面活性剂包括非离子,离子和两性表面活性剂。合适的非离子表面活性剂的例子包括聚环氧乙烷醚,聚环氧乙烷的衍生物,芳香乙氧基化物,炔属(acetylenic)环氧乙烷以及环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物。合适的离子表面活性剂的例子包括硫酸烷基酯、硫酸烷基乙氧基酯和苯磺酸烷基酯的碱金属盐,碱土金属盐,铵盐和链烷醇铵盐。合适的两性表面活性剂的例子包括脂肪族仲胺和叔胺的衍生物,其中脂肪基可以是直链或者支链,并且其中一个或者脂肪取代基包含8到18个碳原子,一个包含阴离子水溶性基团例如羧基,磺基,硫酸根合,磷酸盐,膦酰基。这种两性表面活性剂具体的例子是3-十二烷基氨基丙酸钠和3-十二烷基氨基丙烷磺酸钠。
在该成像组合物中可以包括通常份量的增稠剂。在该成像组合物中可以引入任何合适的增稠剂。典型地,增稠剂占该组合物重量的0.05wt%至10wt%,或者例如1wt%至5wt%范围内。可以采用常规的增稠剂。合适的增稠剂的例子包括低分子量聚氨酯例如至少具有三个疏水基,所述疏水基通过聚醚类亲水基互连。这种增稠剂的分子量在10,000至200,000范围内。其它合适的增稠剂包括疏水改性的碱性可溶乳化液,疏水改性的羟乙基纤维素和疏水性改性的聚丙烯酰胺。
可以包括常规剂量的流变改性剂。典型地,流变改性剂的用量占该组合物重量的0.5wt%至20wt%,或者例如5wt%至15wt%。流变改性剂的例子包括乙烯基芳香族聚合物和丙烯酸类聚合物。
在该成像组合物中可以包括稀释剂,以为其它成分提供媒介或者载体。稀释剂根据需要加入。固体稀释剂或者填充物的加入量通常使得该组合物的干重为100wt%。固体稀释剂的例子是纤维素。使用液体稀释剂或者溶剂用来制得该组合物活性成分的溶液,悬浮液,分散液或者乳化剂。该溶剂可以是水性的或者有机的,或者它们的混合物。有机溶剂的例子包括醇例如甲醇,乙醇和异丙醇,二异丙醚,二甘醇二甲醚,1,4-二噁烷,四氢呋喃或者1,2-二甲氧丙烷,和酯例如丁内酯,碳酸乙二醇酯和碳酸丙二醇酯,醚酯如醋酸甲氧基乙酯,乙酸乙氧基乙酯,1-甲氧基丙基-2-乙酸酯,2-甲氧基丙基-1-乙酸酯,1-乙氧基丙基-2-乙酸酯和2-乙氧基丙基-1-乙酸酯,酮例如丙酮和甲基乙基酮,腈例如乙腈,丙腈和甲氧基丙腈,砜例如环丁砜(sulfolan),双甲砜和双乙砜,和磷酸酯例如磷酸三甲酯和磷酸三乙酯。
该成像组合物可以是浓缩物的形式。在这种浓缩物中,固体物质的含量为占80wt%到98wt%,或者例如占85wt%到95wt%。浓缩物可以用水,一种或者多种有机溶剂,或者水和一种或者多种有机溶剂的混合物稀释。浓缩物的稀释使得固体物质含量占5wt%到小于80wt%,或者例如10wt%到70wt%,或者例如20wt%到60wt%。
在该成像组合物中可以包括助粘剂,以提高该成像组合物和工件之间的粘着。可以使用任何合适的助粘剂。所包括的这种助粘剂的份量可以占该组合物重量的0.5wt%到10wt%,或者例如1wt%到5wt%。这种助粘剂的例子包括丙烯酰氨基羟基乙酸(含水的和无水的),二丙烯酰氨基乙酸,3-丙烯酰氨基-3-甲基-丁酸,和它们的混合物。
可选择的,可以在该成像组合物中混合粘合剂,以便把组合物牢固地粘接到工件上。合适的粘合剂的例子是可剥离的粘合剂。任何可剥离的粘合剂可以使用在该成像组合物中,只要其不会不利地干扰想要的颜色或者色调变化。可剥离的粘合剂使得可以通过从基材上将它们剥离来将该组合物除去,且使得可以通过合适的显影剂或者剥离剂将该组合物除去。所包括的可剥离的粘合剂的份量占该组合物重量的0.05wt%到10wt%,或者例如0.1wt%到5%,或者例如1wt%到3wt%。合适的可剥离的粘合剂包括但不限于压敏粘合剂。这种粘合剂的例子包括丙烯酸类,聚氨酯,聚α烯烃,聚硅氧烷(silicone),丙烯酸酯类压敏粘合剂和热塑性弹性体类压敏粘合剂的组合,以及粘性增强的天然橡胶和人造橡胶。
丙烯酸酯类压敏粘合剂与热塑性弹性体类压敏粘合剂的组合包括10wt%到90wt%或者例如30wt%到70wt%的丙烯酸酯类压敏粘合剂,以及10wt%到90wt%或者例如30wt%到70wt%的弹性体类压敏粘合剂。合适的丙烯酸酯类压敏粘合剂的例子可由至少一种聚合的单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯(其聚合物具有不大于0℃的Tg(玻璃化转变温度))和可选的至少一种共聚的单官能烯键式不饱和单体(其均聚物具有至少10℃的Tg)获得。该单官能烯键式不饱和单体可以存在于粘合剂的丙烯酸酯组分中,其份量占5wt%到10wt%。热塑性弹性体类压敏粘合剂成分可由自由基嵌段共聚物例如苯乙烯和聚丁二烯的嵌段共聚物、或者聚异戊二烯或者它们的混合物组成。可选地,可以包括交联剂。
在该可剥离的粘合剂成分中可以混合光敏成分和任何其它可选的包括在该组合物中的添加剂。可以使用常规的方法来混合各种成分。可以通过例如喷涂,刷涂,浸渍,辊涂或者层压法来将该组合物涂布到基材上。可以通过空气干燥或者从热风干燥器施加足够量的热量来除去任何溶剂或者残留溶剂,以在该组合物和工件之间形成粘着。
当该成像组合物用于涂料时,这种涂料包括例如增稠剂,流变改性剂,稀释剂和其它可选的典型地用于涂料制剂中的成分。
这些成分(它组成了该成像组合物)可以用本领域已知的任何合适的方法混合。这些成分可以使用常规的装置混合起来,以形成固体混合物,浓缩物,溶液,悬浮物,分散液或者乳化液。制备过程一般在控光环境中完成,以防止这些成分中的一种或者多种过早地被激活。之后可将该组合物存储,以便以后使用,或者在配置之后通过上述任一方法将其迅速涂布到基材上。典型地,该组合物在使用之前存储在控光环境中。例如,典型地,在红光下配置并存储由带有可见光激活的感光剂的组合物。
一旦对成像组合物施加足够的能量,就会出现光褪色性或者向光性响应。能量的量可以为0.2mJ/cm2或者更大,或者例如0.2mJ/cm2到100mJ/cm2,或者例如2mJ/cm2到40mJ/cm2,或者例如5mJ/cm2到30mJ/cm2。
施加功率为5mW或者更少(也即大于0mW),或者例如从小于5mW到0.01mW,或者例如从4mW到0.05mW,或者例如从3mW到0.1mW,或者例如从2mW到0.25mW,或者例如从1mW到0.5mW的能量时成像组合物会发生颜色或者色调变化。典型地,这样的功率由可见光范围内的光源产生。其它光敏剂和能量敏感成分(其可以包括在该成像组合物中)一旦暴露于来自可见光之外的光能量时会发生颜色或者色调变化。所包括的这些光敏剂和能量敏感化合物对于所施加的5mW或者更小的能量所引起的响应提供更显著的颜色或者色调对比。典型地,该光敏剂和能量敏感化合物(光敏剂受5mW或者更小功率的能量激活而形成颜色或者色调对比度)会发生向光性响应。
尽管不在理论范围内,但人们认为,其中涉及到一种或者多种颜色或者色调变化机理,在施加能量后提供了颜色或者色调变化。例如,当引起光褪色响应时,一种或者多种感光剂释放自由基以激活一种或者多种还原剂,从而还原了一种或者多种感光剂,也从而影响该组合物中的颜色或者色调变化。当引发向光性响应时,例如,来自一种或者多种感光剂的自由基引起一种或者多种无色化合物和一种或者多种氧化剂之间的氧化还原反应,从而影响了颜色或者色调的变化。一些制剂同时具有光褪色响应和向光性响应。例如,将组合物暴露于人工能量也即激光中,从一种或者多种感光剂产生自由基,然后激活一种或者多种还原剂来还原所述感光剂,从而发生光褪色响应,然后将该同一组合物暴露于环境光中,使得一种或者多种氧化剂氧化一种或者多种无色化合物。
可以使用任何合适的能量源来引发光褪色响应或者向光性响应。合适的能量源的例子包括但不限于激光和闪光灯,激光包括从手提式激光器和3-D成像系统中产生激光。激光的工作波长可以从IR到UV。本文描述了适合于引发颜色或者色调变化的两种经典的激光。
受激准分子激光器是一种高功率激光器,它能够产生UV频率范围内的高通量的光。它们的激光容量是基于特定二原子气体分子的受激。具体地,受激准分子激光器构成一系列激光器,其发射波长在157nm至355nm范围内的光。最普通的激发波长和相应的二原子气体是XeCl(308nm),KrF(248nm),和ArF(193nm)。受激准分子激光器内的持续作用是二原子气体所形成的受激调光器中的粒子反转的结果。脉冲宽度为10ns至100ns,这产生一个高能量短脉冲宽度的脉冲。
固态激光器是一种高功率激光器,它能够产生从IR到UV波长范围内的聚集光束。这些固态激光器的选择部分是基于材料并且要求把钕掺杂到固体基质例如钇-铝石榴石(YAG),钇-锂-氟化物(YLF)和钒酸钇(YVO5)中。这些材料发出1.04到1.08微米的IR范围中的基本波长的激光。通过使用非线性光学晶体例如三硼酸锂(LBO)或者磷酸钛钾(KTP),该激光可以扩展到更短波长,如一个例子中的,使用这样的晶体,来自掺杂钕的YAG激光器中的基本1.06微米辐射其频率可以增加到波长532nm。
一个可以替换的受激准分子激光器光源的例子是短脉冲线性受激准分子,UV闪光灯。这种灯包括透明的石英灯管和一个厚1mm、内部孔径为3到20mm的壁。这种闪光灯可以长30cm。由钨制造的电极密封到灯管的末端部,它用贵气体例如氙填充。通过使用电容器组,对电极施加5KV到40KV范围的高电压,该闪光灯发出1Hz到20Hz范围内的脉冲。电荷将氙原子离子化以形成等离子体,等离子体发出波长范围在200nm到800nm的宽频带辐射。闪光灯可以包括部分放置在该灯管周围的反射器,以对来自灯的辐射成形和引导到掩模或者工件。
线性闪光灯能够在相对于5μsec的短脉冲更短的波长处产生高功率,高通量的能量输出。例如,已经发现,线性氙闪光灯的宽频带光谱输出可以提供有用的在2μsec到6μsec的脉冲期间内1J/cm2到1.5J/cm2的能量密度。
通过从基材上剥离掉不想要的部分,或者通过使用合适的显影剂或者剥离剂,可以从基材上整个或者部分地除去所述成像组合物。显影剂和剥离剂可以是水类的或者有机类的。例如,常规水类的溶液可以用来除去其中带有酸式官能的聚合物粘合剂的成像组合物。这种水类溶液的例子是碱金属水溶液例如碳酸钠和碳酸钾溶液。常规的用于从工件上除去组合物的有机显影剂包括但不限于伯胺例如苄胺,丁胺和烯丙胺,仲胺例如二甲胺和叔胺例如三甲胺和三乙胺。
该成像组合物提供一种快速和有效的方法,用于改变工件的颜色和色调,或者在工件例如航空飞船,航海船只和陆地交通工具上放置图象,或者用来在织物上形成图象。在涂布了该成像组合物后,施加足量的能量到该成像组合物上以改变其颜色或者色调。通常,颜色或者色调的变化是稳定的。稳定意思是颜色或者色调变化持续至少10秒,或者例如从20分钟到2天,或者例如从30分钟到1小时。
可选择地,可以选择性地施加能量以形成一个成像的图案,并且可对工件进一步处理以形成最后的制品。例如,可以使用该图象作为掩模或者指示钻出用于紧固的钻孔,以便将例如汽车装配中的各部件连接在一起,或者形成一个用来在飞机机身上制造标识或者图片的轮廓,或者对准航海船只的各部件。由于该组合物可以迅速地涂布到工件上,并且可以通过选择性施加能量迅速形成图象,以产生颜色或者色调对比,因此工人不再需要在制造制品时靠近工件用手提式墨水标记器或者带子来标记激光束图象。因而,因工人使用手提式标记器和带子而遮住激光束的问题得以消除。
此外,人为错误的减少使得标记的精确度得以增加。这在用标记进行对准例如航空飞船,航海船只和陆地车辆的各部件时是重要的,这些场合制造的精确度对于机器的可靠和安全的操作是至关重要的。
该组合物适合于许多制品的工业组装线的制造。例如,例如飞机机身的基材可以通过工作台1,在那里将该组合物涂布到飞机机身的表面,以覆盖想要的部分或者整个表面。可以通过标准的喷涂或者辊涂工序将该组合物涂布在机身上,或者刷涂在其表面。然后将涂布的飞机机身传送到工作台2,在那里对其整个表面施加能量,或者选择性地施加能量,以形成图案。当第一飞机机身处在工作台2时,可将第二机身移到工作台1进行涂布。可以使用激光光束施加能量,其使得飞机机身的表面发生颜色或者色调变化。由于不需要工人手工标记,该成像的飞机机身可以迅速地传送到工作台3上,用于进一步的处理,例如显影掉或者剥离掉不想要的涂布部分,或者在机身上为紧固装置钻孔,以便在其它工作台上对准各部件。此外,由于没有工人干扰激光束到达涂布的飞机机身上指定点的光路,因此成像工作台上工人的撤除提高了成像的精确性。因而,该组合物比许多常规的成像和对准工艺提供更有效的制造方法。此外,由于图案形成可以使用低功率的光源(也即5mW或者更小)来进行,工人视力的危险也消除或者至少减少了。
实施例1
光褪色组合物及其响应
下表所公开的成分是在20℃、红光下混合的,形成一种均匀混合物。
表1
成分 | 重量百分比 |
甲基丙烯酸正己酯,甲基丙烯酸甲脂,丙烯酸正丁酯,苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物 | 55 |
二苯甲酸二丙二醇酯 | 16 |
六芳基二咪唑 | 2 |
9,10-菲醌 | 0.2 |
三乙醇胺三乙酸酯 | 1.5 |
无色(leuco)结晶紫 | 0.3 |
2,5-双[[4-(二乙基氨基)苯基]亚甲基]-环戊酮,(2E,5E) | 0.1 |
甲基乙基酮 | 足量,使制剂重量达100% |
该共聚物由29wt%甲基丙烯酸正己酯,29wt%甲基丙烯酸甲脂,15wt%丙烯酸正丁酯,5wt%苯乙烯,22wt%的甲基丙烯酸单体制得。使用足量的甲基乙基酮形成45wt%的固体混合物。该共聚物采用常规的自由基聚合反应形成。
在制得该均匀混合物后,将其喷涂到聚乙烯膜上。该聚乙烯膜为30cm×30cm且厚为250微米。使用头发干燥器将该均匀混合物干燥,以除去甲基乙基酮。
在UV光下,在聚乙烯膜上的干燥涂层呈如图1所示的红棕色。当将该涂层选择性地暴露于来自手提式激光器的532nm光中时,暴露部分褪色,呈现如图1中四个矩形图案所示的灰色。
实施例2
向光性响应和组合物
下表所列的成分是在20℃、UV下混合的,形成一种均匀混合物。
表2
成分 | 重量百分比 |
甲基丙烯酸正己酯,甲基丙烯酸甲脂,丙烯酸正丁酯,苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物 | 64 |
二苯甲酸二丙二醇酯 | 19 |
二氟化二茂钛 | 3 |
无色结晶紫 | 1 |
甲基乙基酮 | 足量,使制剂重量达100% |
此共聚物如实施例1中一样使用。在制得该混合物后,将其在UV光下喷涂到聚乙烯膜上。该聚乙烯膜为30cm×30cm且厚为250微米。使用头发干燥器将该均匀混合物干燥。在UV光下,此涂层呈如图2所示的黄绿色。
将来自手提式激光器的532nm波长的能量选择性地施加到该涂层上,四个因激光变暗形成的矩形图案形成了四个如图2所示的紫色矩形。
实施例3
具有助粘剂的光褪色响应组合物
下面组合物是在20℃、红光下制备的。
表3
成分 | 重量百分比 |
甲基丙烯酸正己酯,甲基丙烯酸甲脂,丙烯酸正丁酯,苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物 | 80 |
芘醌 | 1 |
三乙醇胺三乙酸酯 | 1.3 |
无色结晶紫 | 0.5 |
共轭环戊酮 | 0.2 |
六芳基二咪唑 | 3 |
双丙烯酰氨基乙酸 | 1 |
甲基乙基酮 | 足量,使制剂重量达100% |
此共聚物与实施例1中的一样。使用常规的混合装置来混合这些成分,以形成均匀混合物。
将该均匀混合物辊涂到用可剥离的纤维素剥离层的粘合剂带子支承的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯上。该双丙烯酰氨基乙酸助粘剂提高涂层和可释放的粘合剂带子背衬之间的粘着力。
选择性地施加532nm的激光束,导致暴露部分的涂层从琥珀色变得透明清楚。
实施例4
具有粘合剂的光褪色反应组合物
制备下面组合物。
表4
成分 | 重量百分比 |
甲基丙烯酸正己酯,甲基丙烯酸甲脂,丙烯酸正丁酯,苯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物 | 85 |
9,10-菲醌 | 0.5 |
三乙醇胺三乙酸酯 | 1.3 |
无色结晶紫 | 0.5 |
共轭环戊酮 | 0.2 |
六芳基二咪唑 | 2 |
聚硅氧烷乙烯基共聚物 | 10 |
甲基乙基酮 | 足量,使制剂重量达100% |
此共聚物与实施例1中的共聚物一样。使用常规的混合装置在20℃下来混合这些成分,以形成均匀混合物。在红光中处理该混合物。
将该均匀混合物辊涂到带有40cm×40cm且厚为5mm聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯背衬的可剥离的粘合剂带子上。使用常规的电风扇在20℃除去甲基乙基酮。在该涂层和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯背衬之间具有良好的粘着力。
选择性地施加来自手提式激光器的532nm的光,导致涂层的选择部分从琥珀色变得透明清楚。
实施例5
涂料制剂中的光敏组合物
制备下面涂料配方。
表5
成分 | 重量百分比 |
TamolTM(null)731(25%)分散剂 | 1 |
丙二醇 | 2 |
PatcoteTM801(消泡剂) | 1 |
二氧化钛-纯R-900 | 23 |
OptiwhiteTM(瓷土) | 9 |
AttagelTM50(绿缕石粘土) | 1 |
丙烯酸系聚合物粘合剂 | 32 |
TexanolTM | 1 |
增稠剂水混合物 | 21 |
水 | 足量,使制剂重量达100% |
用实施例4的表4所公开的光敏组合物混合表5中的涂料配方,使得该光敏组合物包含5wt%的此最终配方。该涂料和该光敏组合物在20℃下用常规的混合装置混合在一起,以形成均匀混合物。将该混合物在红光下处理。
将该涂料/光敏组合物混合物辊涂到80cm×80cm且厚为5mm的铝试样上。在混合物和铝试样之间具有良好的粘着力。
选择性地施加来自手提式激光器的532nm的光,导致涂层的选择部分从琥珀色变得透明清楚。
Claims (8)
1.一种成像组合物,包括一种或者多种含量为0.005-10重量%的感光剂、0.05-50重量%的还原剂和一种或多种盐,所述还原剂包括一种或多种醌化合物、三乙醇胺酰基酯或者一种或多种醌化合物和一种或多种三乙醇胺酰基酯的组合,在施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量时所述一种或多种感光剂的含量足以影响该成像组合物的颜色或者色调变化,所述三乙醇胺酰基酯由式:N(CH2CH2OC(O)-R)3表示,其中R是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基。
2.如权利要求1所述的成像组合物,它还包括一种或者多种成色物质、氧化剂、粘合剂聚合物、增塑剂、流动活性剂、有机酸、助粘剂、流变改性剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂和稀释剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的成像组合物,其特征在于所述一种或者多种感光剂如下述化学式所示:
其中p和q独立地为0或者1,r是2或者3;R1独立地为氢、直链或者支链C1-C10脂肪族基团,或者直链或者支链C1-C10烷氧基;R2分别为氢、直链或者支链C1-C10脂肪族基团、C5-C7环、烷芳基、直链或者支链C1-C10羟烷基、直链或者支链羟基封端的醚、或者各个R2的碳原子组合在一起形成5到7元的含氮环,或者形成含有氧、硫或第二个氮作为第二杂原子的5到7元含氮环。
4.如权利要求1所述的成像组合物,其特征在于所述成像组合物还包括粘合剂。
5.一种成像组合物,包括一种或者多种含量为0.005-10重量%的感光剂、含量为0.05-50重量%的还原剂、一种或者多种稀释剂、一种或者多种流变改性剂、一种或多种具有碘或锍阳离子的盐、和一种或者多种增稠剂,所述还原剂包括一种或多种醌化合物、三乙醇胺酰基酯或者一种或多种醌化合物和一种或多种三乙醇胺酰基酯的组合,在施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量时所述一种或者多种感光剂的含量足以影响该成像组合物的颜色或者色调变化,所述三乙醇胺酰基酯由式:N(CH2CH2OC(O)-R)3表示,其中R是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基。
6.一种成像方法,包括:
a)提供一种成像组合物,该组合物包括一种或者多种含量为0.005-10重量%的感光剂、含量为0.05-50重量%的还原剂和一种或多种盐,所述还原剂包括一种或多种醌化合物、三乙醇胺酰基酯或者一种或多种醌化合物和一种或多种三乙醇胺酰基酯的组合,在施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量时所述一种或多种感光剂的含量足以影响该成像组合物的颜色或者色调变化,所述三乙醇胺酰基酯由式:N(CH2CH2OC(O)-R)3表示,其中R是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基;
b)将该组合物涂布到工件上;以及
c)对该成像组合物施加功率为5mW或者更小的能量,以影响颜色或者色调变化。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于所施加的能量至少为0.2mJ/cm2。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中将该能量选择性地施加到该成像组合物上,以形成图案。
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US10/773,990 US7270932B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2004-02-06 | Imaging composition and method |
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CN2005100656435A Expired - Fee Related CN1776522B (zh) | 2004-02-06 | 2005-02-06 | 成像组合物和方法 |
CN2005100081457A Expired - Fee Related CN1727996B (zh) | 2004-02-06 | 2005-02-06 | 改进的成像组合物和方法 |
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US (1) | US7270932B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1562073A1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2005234561A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101183265B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1776522B (zh) |
TW (1) | TW200602802A (zh) |
Families Citing this family (6)
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US20050175941A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-11 | Rohm And Hass Electronic Materials, L.L.C. | Imaging composition and method |
US7977026B2 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2011-07-12 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc | Imaging methods |
US20070117042A1 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-24 | Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials Llc | Imaging methods |
US8088549B2 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2012-01-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Radiation-sensitive elements with developability-enhancing compounds |
WO2009121055A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Reduced dye probes for the detection of radical oxygen species |
CN113165315A (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-07-23 | 东丽株式会社 | 布帛印刷物 |
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-
2004
- 2004-02-06 US US10/773,990 patent/US7270932B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-02-04 EP EP05250634A patent/EP1562073A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-04 JP JP2005028598A patent/JP2005234561A/ja active Pending
- 2005-02-04 KR KR1020050010597A patent/KR101183265B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-05 TW TW094103950A patent/TW200602802A/zh unknown
- 2005-02-06 CN CN2005100656435A patent/CN1776522B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-06 CN CN2005100081457A patent/CN1727996B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-12-10 JP JP2010275916A patent/JP4945680B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7270932B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 |
JP2005234561A (ja) | 2005-09-02 |
US20050175929A1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
JP4945680B2 (ja) | 2012-06-06 |
TW200602802A (en) | 2006-01-16 |
KR101183265B1 (ko) | 2012-09-14 |
KR20060041749A (ko) | 2006-05-12 |
CN1776522A (zh) | 2006-05-24 |
CN1727996B (zh) | 2011-01-26 |
EP1562073A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
CN1727996A (zh) | 2006-02-01 |
JP2011053718A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
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