CN1760584A - 车辆用灯具 - Google Patents

车辆用灯具 Download PDF

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CN1760584A
CN1760584A CNA2005101140166A CN200510114016A CN1760584A CN 1760584 A CN1760584 A CN 1760584A CN A2005101140166 A CNA2005101140166 A CN A2005101140166A CN 200510114016 A CN200510114016 A CN 200510114016A CN 1760584 A CN1760584 A CN 1760584A
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shell
lens
weld part
weld
thermoplastic resin
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CN100540983C (zh
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池田利正
宫川圭裕
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Koito Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7332—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1683—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
    • B29K2033/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2069/00—Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

一种车辆用灯具，通过激光焊接将配光镜和外壳接合，没有损害作业性或构成高价等问题，改善外观，特别是改善透过配光镜看到的外观美观。在车辆用灯具(1)中，通过激光焊接将具有朝向前方开口的凹部(11)的外壳(10)和覆盖该外壳的前面开口的配光镜(20)一体化，上述外壳由彩色的热塑性树脂形成，上述彩色热塑性树脂中含有0.01～0.1％的碳。

Description

车辆用灯具
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新颖的车辆用灯具。详细地说，涉及在通过激光焊接将配光镜和外壳接合的车辆用灯具中，改善外观，特别是改善透过配光镜看到的外观美观的技术。
背景技术
激光焊接可使两个部件的接合可靠且外观美观，可在更短的时间内进行，适用于车辆用灯具的配光镜与外壳的接合。
在车辆用灯具中，在通过激光焊接在外壳上接合配光镜的情况下，通常使激光透过配光镜而照射到外壳的焊接部。而且，通过照射激光使外壳的焊接部发热且溶融，其热传递到配光镜的焊接部上，使配光镜的焊接部也溶融，由此，将两者接合。
因此，配光镜使用如丙稀树脂(Poly Methyl Methacrylate)这样的激光的透过性优良的物质，外壳使用如ASA(Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate：丙稀腈-苯乙烯-丙稀酸酯)这样的吸收激光的物质。
但是，若外壳的颜色为灰色，则作为激光吸收剂的碳混入到树脂材料中，故可进行激光焊接。
但是，在车辆用灯具，特别是在机动车用灯具中，一般通过将外壳的颜色设为与配光镜的颜色同色系的彩色，提高透过配光镜看到的焊接部的外观美观。
但是，由于彩色的树脂材料不含碳，故不能直接用来进行激光焊接。因此，在进行激光焊接前，必须预先赋予外壳焊接部激光吸收剂。对激光焊接部的激光吸收剂的赋予通过例如激光吸收剂的涂敷、作为片状的激光吸收剂的添加等方法进行。
在进行激光焊接之前预先对外壳的焊接部赋予激光吸收剂存在增加一个工序而使作业性不好这样的问题。另外，在涂敷激光吸收剂的方法中，由于溶剂的存在，需要考虑作业环境等，需要多余的设备，另外，激光吸收剂片材的价格高昂。
发明内容
因此，本发明提供一种车辆用灯具，通过激光焊接将配光镜和外壳接合，没有损害作业性、构成高价等问题，改善外观，特别是改善透过配光镜看到的外观美观。
本发明的车辆用灯具为解决上述的课题，使作为外壳材料的彩色的热塑性树脂中含有0.01～0.1％的碳。
因此，在本发明的车辆用灯具中，可在配光镜和外壳之间进行采用激光焊接的接合，同时，也不会损害外壳的颜色。
本发明提供的车辆用灯具，通过激光焊接将具有朝向前方开口的凹部的外壳和覆盖该外壳的前面开口的配光镜一体化，其特征在于，上述外壳由彩色的热塑性树脂形成，上述彩色热塑性树脂中含有0.01～0.1％的碳。
因此，在本发明的车辆用灯具中，由于在作为外壳材料的彩色可塑性树脂中含有0.01～0.1％的碳，故可通过激光焊接将配光镜和外壳接合，且得到足够的焊接强度，另外，由于将碳的含有量设为小于或等于0.1％，故也不损伤彩色的颜色。由此，由于外壳的外观为有颜色的彩色，故提高外观美观，另外，由于透过配光镜看到的焊接部的颜色为彩色，故在这一点上也提高外观美观。
在本发明第二方面的发明中，所述外壳在所述凹部的开口部周边部具有焊接部，在上述凹部的内面进行成为反射面的表面处理，不在上述焊接部进行表面处理，因此，可进行激光焊接并且提高外观美观。即，由于在焊接部，含有碳的彩色热塑性树脂的衬底直接露出，故可进行激光焊接。另外，如现有技术，当外壳的树脂材料为灰色时，透过配光镜看到的焊接部为黑色，从前方看时，在反射面的周围构成看到黑色的框的状态，影响外观美观，但在本发明中，由于透过配光镜看到的焊接部的颜色为彩色，故外观好。
在本发明第三方面的发明中，由于所述配光镜利用与作为所述外壳材料的彩色热塑性树脂同色系的有色透明热塑性树脂形成，故配光镜和外壳成为同色系，提高外观美观，另外，透过配光镜看到的焊接部的颜色为与配光镜同色系的彩色，焊接部不醒目，提高外观美观。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明车辆用灯具的实施方式，是概略纵剖面图；
图2是概略正面图。
符号说明
1   车辆用灯具
10  外壳
11  凹部
11a 内面
12  焊接部
20  配光镜
21  焊接部
具体实施方式
下面，参照附图说明用于实施本发明的车辆用灯具的优选形态。
在车辆用灯具1中，在具有朝向前方开口的凹部11的外壳10的开口边部接合配光镜20的开口边部，形成由外壳10和配光镜20包围的灯具空间30，在该灯具空间30内配置有支承于外壳10的后部中央部的光源灯泡40。
在外壳10的开口边部绕整周形成有朝向前方的焊接部(面)12，另外，利用涂敷、真空蒸镀、喷溅等适当的方法对凹部11的内面11a进行成为反射面的表面处理。
上述的外壳10由彩色的热塑性树脂，例如ASA形成。而且，在该彩色热塑性树脂中含有0.01～0.1％范围的碳。外壳10的颜色优选为与配光镜20同色系的彩色。例如，若配光镜20的颜色为红色，则外壳10的颜色优选红色系，若配光镜20的颜色为粉色，则外壳10的颜色优选粉色系，若外壳10的颜色为红棕色，则外壳10的颜色优选橙色系和黄色系。由此，作为灯具整体的印象，配光镜10和外壳20构成同色系，提高外观美观，另外，由于透过配光镜20看到的焊接部12的颜色构成与配光镜20同色系的彩色，故在这一点上也提高外观美观。另外，如现有技术，当外壳的树脂材料为灰色时，透过配光镜看到的焊接部为黑色，从前方看时，在反射面的周围成为看到黑色的框的状态，影响外观美观，但在本发明中，由于透过配光镜看到的焊接部的颜色为彩色，故单纯地构成透过配光镜20看到反射面11a的状态，外观好。
配光镜20由透明的热塑性树脂，例如丙稀树脂、聚碳酸酯(PolyCarbonate)等形成。在配光镜20的周边部绕整周形成有朝向后方的焊接部(面)21。
而且，配光镜20的焊接部21和外壳10的焊接部12构成接触的状态，向外壳10的焊接部12点状地照射激光。由于在作为外壳10的材料的彩色热塑性树脂中含有0.1～0.01％的碳，故照射了激光的外壳10的焊接部12发热且溶融，进而通过热传导，使配光镜20的焊接部21也发热且溶融，由此，焊接部12和21成为相溶状态，相互融合且融接。而且，通过使焊接部12、21冷却，使焊接部12、21相互成为固定状态。这样，通过激光焊接将配光镜20和外壳10接合。
而且，通过将外壳10的焊接部12和配光镜20的焊接部21激光焊接，透过配光镜20能够看到外壳10的焊接部12。此时，透过配光镜20看到的外壳10的焊接部12的颜色为彩色。因此，表1中表示透过配光镜20看到的外壳10的焊接部12的颜色可否的评价和焊接强度。
作为表1表示的被检测体，将外壳10的材料设为具有红色(色度坐标：Y＝13.07、x＝0.4652、y＝0.3214)的ASA，分别将碳设为东海カ-ボソ株式会社制的着色用碳黑(商品名：ト一カブラツクシリ一ズ)，将配光镜20的材料设为三菱レ一ヨソ株式会社制的红色(色度坐标Y＝21.6、x＝0.687、y＝0.313)丙稀(商品名：アクリペツトVH)，将配光镜10的焊接部21处于的部分的厚度设为3mm，将焊接部12、21的宽度设为5mm，而且，分别准备碳的含有量为0％、0.01％、0.05％、0.1％、0.15％，并进行评价。另外，除碳含有量0％以外，将配光镜20的焊接部21和外壳10的焊接部12激光焊接，但碳含有量0％的物质不能进行激光焊接，因此，在使配光镜20的焊接部21和外壳10的焊接部12仅对接的状态下进行评价。
另外，对表1的颜色的评价中，从配光镜20离开0.5m的位置进行观察，评价透过配光镜20看到的外壳10的焊接部12的颜色，而且，使用◎评价颜色为良好的，使用○评价在实制品中可采用颜色的范围，在实制品中采用时，使用×评价外观不好的。另外，焊接强度采用日本工业规格(JIS)K7161测定。而且，小于10Mpa的评价为×，大于或等于10MPa且小于15MPa的评价为○，大于或等于15MPa的评价为◎。
表1
  碳量   颜色   焊接强度
  0％   ◎   ×(0MPa)
  0.01％   ◎   ○(10MPa)
  0.05％   ◎   ◎(15MPa)
  0.1％   ○   ○(10MPa)
  0.15％   ×   ×(5MPa)
在上述表1中，颜色、焊接强度都为◎或○的物质评价为在实用上没有问题。
如以上所示，本发明的车辆用灯具1可通过激光焊接将配光镜20和外壳10接合，且整体的外观及焊接部的外观良好。
另外，上述的实施形态中表示的各部分的形状及结构都只不过是表示在实施本发明时进行的具体化的一例，由此，本发明的技术范围没有限定的解释。
本发明适用于车辆用灯具，特别适用于重视外观和强度的灯具。

Claims (3)

1、一种车辆用灯具，通过激光焊接将具有朝向前方开口的凹部的外壳和覆盖该外壳的前面开口的配光镜一体化，其特征在于，上述外壳由彩色的热塑性树脂形成，上述彩色热塑性树脂中含有0.01～0.1％的碳。
2、如权利要求1所述的车辆用灯具，其特征在于，所述外壳在所述凹部的开口部周边部具有焊接部，在上述凹部的内面进行成为反射面的表面处理，不在上述焊接部进行表面处理。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的车辆用灯具，其特征在于，所述配光镜利用与作为所述外壳材料的彩色热塑性树脂同色系的有色透明热塑性树脂形成。
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