CN1726760A - The artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern - Google Patents
The artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern relates to the former plant of a kind of wild traditional Chinese medicine rhizome of davallia---the artificial method for planting of Mongolian oak fern.Adopt vegetative propagation or sporogenesis.Vegetative propagation is the segment that Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is become 10 ± 2cm, and every section keeps 3-5 bud point, and 3-5 sheet sporophyll is fixing more in the tree or on the stone of mountain, covers a small amount of liver moss, strengthens the water spray management, and new trophophyll and root-like stock generation were arranged in two months.The sporogenesis step is as follows: fiery dregs sterilization, with pH is that 7.0～7.5 cold boiling water soaks into and makes fiery dregs basin soil, gather sporangium then, place in the paper bag, air-dry, system sporangium suspension, turbid liquid spraying is to fiery dregs basin soil surface, and illumination cultivation forms gametophyte, and gametophyte is grown seedlings through transplanting, after fertilization forms sporophyte, and then transplants in the tree or on the stone of mountain.Collection of the present invention Mongolian oak fern spore is then sprouted higher than morning and germination rate; Adopt the moderate fiery dregs of pH to make cultivation tray soil, suitable spore germination and gametophyte growth, planting percent can reach more than 70%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the former plant of a kind of wild traditional Chinese medicine rhizome of davallia---the artificial method for planting of Mongolian oak fern.
Background technology
Mongolian oak fern [Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J.Sm] is a Drynariaceae Mongolian oak Cyclosorus plant, is the draft of growing nonparasitically upon another plant for many years, the high 20cm～40cm of wild plant, and the root-like stock meat is sturdy, long and horizontal walk.Mid-March, rhizome begins growth and prolongs, the trophophyll growth and be extended to 6, July, late May is to July, sporophyll is withered gradually withered, early August, rhizome begins growth for the second time and extends, and sporophyll is the fist shape and begins growth, to mid-September, most of sporophyll full extension grows up to, and sporangium is grown and started from late September, begins to have the spore maturation 10 the end of month.The Mongolian oak fern is as the source of the Chinese medicine rhizome of davallia, relies on wildly fully, and its wild resource is difficult to meet the need of market.
In recent years, promoted the exploitation of functional food and new drug along with the enhancing of people's health care consciousness.The imbalance between supply and demand of rhizome of davallia medicinal material has further been given prominence to the new drug " strong capsule " of the rhizome of davallia as medical industry raw material production for treating senile osteoporosis by 2 years preceding Beijing Qihuang Pharmaceutical Investment ﹠ Research Co., Ltd.But also be in blank aspect the research of its former plant Mongolian oak fern reproductive biology and propagation technique up to now.In " introducing and planting of long angle fern " (Zhejiang Normal University's journal (natural science edition) 1999-22-4) and " medicinal pteridophyta spore propagation method " (traditional Chinese medicine 1993-16-11) research, the sowing of spore all is sporophyll to be cut into strip or to smash powdered to be spread on basin soil surface, so easy mildew.We prepare the method that Mongolian oak fern sporangium suspension adopts watering can to spray, and not only reduced pollution but also can guarantee to sow equably.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned present situation, aim to provide the artificial fecundation method of a kind of cost Mongolian oak fern low, simple to operate.
The implementation of the object of the invention is, the artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern adopts vegetative propagation or sporogenesis,
Vegetative propagation is carried out according to the following steps:
1. Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is cut into the segment of 10 ± 2cm, every section keeps 3-5 bud point, keeps 3-5 sheet sporophyll,
2. with line that the Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome section is fixing in the tree or above the stone of mountain, cover a spot of liver moss again, cover rhizome and get final product,
3. strengthen the water spray management, had new trophophyll and root-like stock to generate in two months;
Sporogenesis carries out according to the following steps:
1. fiery dregs is at 120 ℃ of sterilization 1-2h, takes out to put coldly, and be that 7.0～7.5 cold boiling water soaks into pH, make basin soil,
2. adopt Mongolian oak fern spore then, when sporangium became yellowish-brown by yellow, gathering the back side had sporangial sporophyll, places paper bag, air-dry back sowing in time,
3. get 20mg～40mg sporangium and place the 50mL triangular flask, 20～30 of the beades and the 15mL-20mL sterile water that add the diameter 0.6～0.8cm of sterilization, shake well, jolting liquid is forwarded in the watering can, the sterile water that adds 150mL～200mL again shakes up and is made into the sporangium suspension, evenly is sprayed onto basin soil surface with watering can, is placed on the disc that adds water, cover plate glass
4. at intensity of illumination 2500lx-3500lx, light application time 10h cultivates under temperature 20-25 ℃ the condition and forms gametophyte,
5. long during when gametophytic width to 0.3-0.5cm, be transplanted in the fiery dregs basin soil after the sterilization according to seeding row spacing 2cm * 2cm and grow seedlings,
6. the management of spraying water after, the gametophyte after fertilization forms sporophyte, when slice sporophyll of sporophyte length to 4～6, removes plate glass, after the hardening, is transplanted on the tree or on the stone of mountain according to seeding row spacing 5cm * 5cm.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, sets up the mode of nourishing and generating of Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome, set up the method for Mongolian oak fern sporogenesis simultaneously;
2, collection Mongolian oak fern spore is then gathered when its sporangium becomes yellowish-brown by yellow especially, and the sprouting situation of spore is better than the spore germination situation of preserving a year, that is sprouts morning and germination rate height;
3, used soil is the fiery dregs of firing, and gas permeability is better, is suitable for the growth of spore germination of Mongolian oak fern and gametophyte;
4, the pH of basin soil is beneficial to gametophytic growth between 7.0～7.5;
5, when gametophyte is grown to the 0.3-0.5cm left and right sides, transplant, planting percent can be brought up to more than 70% by about 10%.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts vegetative propagation or sporogenesis.Vegetative propagation is the section that Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is cut into 10 ± 2cm, and every section keeps 3-5 bud point, 3-5 sheet sporophyll, with line that Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is fixing in the tree or above the stone of mountain, cover a spot of liver moss again, strengthen the water spray management, had new trophophyll and root-like stock to generate in two months.Sporogenesis carries out according to the following steps: fiery dregs sterilization, with pH is that 7.0～7.5 cold boiling water soaks into, and gathers sporangium then, places in the kraft paper bag, air-dry, add bead with sterile water suspension is made in the sporangium jolting, suspension evenly is sprayed onto fiery dregs basin soil surface, and illumination cultivation forms gametophyte, gametophyte is transplanted in the basin soil after the sterilization and is grown seedlings, strengthen the water spray management, after fertilization forms sporophyte, transplants in the tree or on the stone of mountain again.Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome tree fixing and that sporophyte is transplanted is mulberry tree, Chinese scholartree, elm, willow, Chinese ash, lime tree, chestnut, beech tree, camphor tree etc.Mountain stone has artificial hillock stone, can grow the cliff of liver moss etc.
The present invention is described in detail in detail below:
1. vegetative propagation:
In 3～September, selected plant shape is better, the plant that does not have damage by disease and insect digs its rhizome, is cut into the section about 10 ± 2cm, every section keeps 3-5 bud point, keep 3-5 sheet sporophyll, select preferent and mountain stone, Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is fixed in the above with line, cover a spot of liver moss, strengthen the water spray management and get final product.
2. sporogenesis:
Sporophyll when 10 the end of month or November gathering sporangium and become yellowish-brown by yellow places kraft envelope, and is air-dry,
Fiery dregs is crossed 24 mesh sieves, and oarse-grained soil pad is at the bottom of basin, and the fine earth after sieving places the basin table, and it is thick to cover fine earth 4cm～5cm, and compacting slightly 120 ℃ of sterilizations 1-2h hour, is taken out cooling, is that 7.0～7.5 cold boiling water irrigates with pH.
Get 20mg～40mg sporangium and place the 50mL triangular flask, the bead (diameter 0.6cm～0.8cm) 20～30 and the 20mL sterile water that add sterilization, shake well, the sterile water that adds 150mL～200mL again shakes up and is made into the sporangium suspension, be sprayed onto basin soil surface, be placed on the disc that adds water, cover plate glass
Under the condition of 20 ℃-25 ℃ of intensity of illumination 2500lx-3500lx, light application time 10h and room temperatures, cultivate.
Long during when gametophytic width to the 0.3cm-0.5cm left and right sides, be transplanted in the basin soil after the sterilization according to seeding row spacing 2cm * 2cm and grow seedlings, after this to strengthen the water spray management, guarantee that the gametophyte surface can see the mobile globule.
Enumerate embodiments of the invention below:
Example 1, in the botanical garden, Wuhan, June and September, Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is cut into rhizome section about 9cm, and every section keeps 3-5 bud point, stays 3 sporophylls, plant respectively on camphor tree, willow, Chinese scholartree, mulberry tree and the artificial hillock stone, with line Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is fixed, covered a spot of liver moss, strengthen the water spray management, see having new trophophyll and root-like stock to generate after two months, survival rate is more than 95%.
Example in June, 2,2003, two prong areas in basin, the nasal mucus Yanghe River, Tujia Autonomous County of Wufeng, Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is cut into the rhizome section of 10cm, and every section keeps 4～5 bud points, stays 3～5 sporophylls, plant the shrubbery edge, Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is close on the cliff of moistening grown liver moss, covers a spot of liver moss, water spray, see having new trophophyll to generate and root-like stock growth prolongation after one month, survival rate is more than 90%.
The spore that example 3, employing are gathered then, get about 30mg Mongolian oak fern sporangium in the 50mL triangular flask, add 25 of sterilization beades and 20mL sterile water, shake well, jolting liquid is forwarded in the watering can, and the sterile water that adds 200mL again shakes up and is made into the sporangium suspension, evenly is sprayed onto basin soil surface with watering can, be placed on the disc that adds water, cover plate glass.Under the condition of 23 ± 2 ℃ of intensity of illumination 3000lx, light application time 10 hours and room temperatures, cultivate.Spore germination about one month can obviously see the thread gametophyte that the spore germination of Mongolian oak fern forms after 7 weeks, and phototropism is very strong, grows towards sunlight in all gametophytic back sides.Long during when gametophytic width to the 0.3cm left and right sides, be transplanted in the basin soil after the sterilization according to seeding row spacing 2cm * 2cm and grow seedlings, after this strengthen the water spray management, guarantee that the gametophyte surface can see the mobile globule.After transplanting a week, growth rate is obviously accelerated, and gametophyte broadening is obvious, is bigger heart-shaped laminar behind the two weeks, and the gametophytic outside of belly has a large amount of rhizoids to generate; After one month, fertilization forms sporophyte, and planting percent is more than 70%.First sporophyll is long oval and do not divide, and second sporophyll edge of growing later on incised or the asymmetric division of front end slightly.When 34 sporophylls occurring, prothallium disappears and forms a rhizome differentiated tissue in differentiation place of embryo, there is a small amount of thicker adventive root to form simultaneously, slowly remove plate glass this moment, and hardening is when growing to 4～6 sporophylls, elm, mulberry tree, lime tree, chestnut, the beech tree of being transplanted to the botanical garden, Wuhan go up and cool canopy under artificial hillock on, strengthen water spray, survive after the week, survival rate is more than 90%.
Example 4, with embodiment 3, during the sporophyte length to 6 that obtains when sporogenesis slice sporophyll, river valley water is taken charge of the area to the greatest extent in the Tianchi, Tujia Autonomous County of Wufeng, and it is transplanted on the moistening cliff in shrubbery edge, cover a spot of humus soil and liver moss, root-like stock growth then can reach 3cm～4cm.
Example 5, with embodiment 3, during the sporophyte length to 6 that obtains when sporogenesis slice sporophyll, the area of picking flowers in basin, the nasal mucus Yanghe River, Tujia Autonomous County of Wufeng, it is transplanted on the elm and Chinese ash tree in roadside, fix with line, water spray, root-like stock growth then can reach 2cm～3cm.
Claims (4)
1, the artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern is characterized in that adopting vegetative propagation or sporogenesis,
Vegetative propagation is carried out according to the following steps:
1. Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome is cut into the segment of 10 ± 2cm, every section keeps 3-5 bud point, keeps 3-5 sheet sporophyll,
2. with line that the Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome section is fixing in the tree or above the stone of mountain, cover a spot of liver moss again, cover rhizome and get final product,
3. strengthen the water spray management, had new trophophyll and root-like stock to generate in two months;
Sporogenesis carries out according to the following steps:
1. fiery dregs is at 120 ℃ of sterilization 1-2h, takes out to put coldly, and be that 7.0～7.5 cold boiling water soaks into pH, make basin soil,
2. adopt Mongolian oak fern spore then, when sporangium became yellowish-brown by yellow, gathering the back side had sporangial sporophyll, places paper bag, air-dry back sowing in time,
3. get 20mg～40mg sporangium and place the 50mL triangular flask, 20～30 of the beades and the 15mL-20mL sterile water that add the diameter 0.6～0.8cm of sterilization, shake well, jolting liquid is forwarded in the watering can, the sterile water that adds 150mL～200mL again shakes up and is made into the sporangium suspension, evenly is sprayed onto basin soil surface with watering can, is placed on the disc that adds water, cover plate glass
4. at intensity of illumination 2500lx-3500lx, light application time 10h cultivates under temperature 20-25 ℃ the condition and forms gametophyte,
5. long during when gametophytic width to 0.3-0.5cm, be transplanted in the fiery dregs basin soil after the sterilization according to seeding row spacing 2cm * 2cm and grow seedlings,
6. the management of spraying water after, the gametophyte after fertilization forms sporophyte, when slice sporophyll of sporophyte length to 4～6, removes plate glass, after the hardening, is transplanted on the tree or on the stone of mountain according to seeding row spacing 5cm * 5cm.
2, the artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern according to claim 1 is characterized in that the used fiery dregs of Mongolian oak nidus cultivation is brown earth or yellowish soil or the fired fiery dregs that forms of dark brown earth that cladoptosis fallen leaves and straw weeds add 5-10%.
3, the artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern according to claim 1 is characterized in that the tree that the fixing tree of Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome, sporophyte are transplanted is mulberry tree, Chinese scholartree, elm, willow, Chinese ash, lime tree, chestnut, beech tree, camphor tree.
4, the artificial fecundation method of Mongolian oak fern according to claim 1 is characterized in that Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome mountain stone fixing and that sporophyte is transplanted has artificial hillock stone, can grow the cliff of liver moss.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101069468B (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2010-05-19 | 江苏大学 | Method for culturing fern in lime stone area |
| CN103098712A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-05-15 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Davallia mariesii breeding method |
| CN103999750A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-27 | 丽水学院 | Method for breeding moonwort spores |
| CN104663200A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-06-03 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Mass pteridophyta reproduction method |
| CN105660215A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling naringin content in drynaria roosii with UVA |
| CN105794506A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for increasing proportion of drynaria roosii female gametophytes |
| CN109691372A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-04-30 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | A kind of Mongolian oak fern artificial fecundation method |
| CN110337926A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 贵州中医药大学 | A method of improving Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome breeding potential |
| CN111727834A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-02 | 北京岐黄医药股份有限公司 | Method for intensive production of drynaria fortunei seedlings |
| CN115226585A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-25 | 广东一方制药有限公司 | Karst landform ecological planting method for drynaria rhizome |
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2005
- 2005-06-08 CN CNB200510018869XA patent/CN100358414C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101069468B (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2010-05-19 | 江苏大学 | Method for culturing fern in lime stone area |
| CN103098712A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-05-15 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Davallia mariesii breeding method |
| CN103999750A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-27 | 丽水学院 | Method for breeding moonwort spores |
| CN104663200A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-06-03 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Mass pteridophyta reproduction method |
| CN105660215A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for regulating and controlling naringin content in drynaria roosii with UVA |
| CN105794506A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-27 | 中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for increasing proportion of drynaria roosii female gametophytes |
| CN109691372A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-04-30 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | A kind of Mongolian oak fern artificial fecundation method |
| CN110337926A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 贵州中医药大学 | A method of improving Drynaria fortunei(Kunze) J.Smith rhizome breeding potential |
| CN110337926B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2021-12-07 | 贵州中医药大学 | Method for improving rhizome propagation rate of drynaria fortunei |
| CN111727834A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-02 | 北京岐黄医药股份有限公司 | Method for intensive production of drynaria fortunei seedlings |
| CN115226585A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-25 | 广东一方制药有限公司 | Karst landform ecological planting method for drynaria rhizome |
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