CN1717556A - 内燃机活塞 - Google Patents

内燃机活塞 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1717556A
CN1717556A CNA2003801045122A CN200380104512A CN1717556A CN 1717556 A CN1717556 A CN 1717556A CN A2003801045122 A CNA2003801045122 A CN A2003801045122A CN 200380104512 A CN200380104512 A CN 200380104512A CN 1717556 A CN1717556 A CN 1717556A
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Prior art keywords
piston
pin boss
oil groove
boss hole
bottom land
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CN100458240C (zh
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维尔纳·安德森
托马斯·霍赫
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Mahle GmbH
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Mahle GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1065Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/10Connection to driving members
    • F16J1/14Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
    • F16J1/16Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections with gudgeon-pin; Gudgeon-pins
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10Construction relative to lubrication
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1075Wedges, e.g. ramps or lobes, for generating pressure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

兹提出一种包括活塞销座孔(5,6)的内燃机活塞(1),销座孔中机加工了绕座孔最底部(Nadir-bereich)和赤道部域延伸的润滑油槽(8,9)。为使设有润滑油槽(8,9)的活塞销座孔(5,6)的制造过程简化起见,使每个润滑油槽(8,9)各有一个槽底深度小于100μm的中心部(10,10′),并使该中心部与朝向活塞内侧面和外侧面的槽部(13,13’,15,15’)连接,其槽底向纵轴线(12)方向倾斜,并各与活塞销座孔(5,6)的纵向成锐角。

Description

内燃机活塞
技术领域
本发明涉及如权利要求1前序部分中所述的内燃机活塞。
背景技术
由德国专利申请公开说明书DE 38 30 033 A1已知,可以往内燃机用活塞的活塞销座孔内开一个绕其最底部和赤道部呈延伸的润滑油槽,从而形成一个贮油区,为进入活塞销座孔的活塞销提供润滑。这里一般是先用预切削刀具将活塞销座孔车削到活塞销毂内,然后在第二个工艺步骤对活塞销座孔的内表面进行精加工。只有到第三个工艺步骤,才真正地将润滑油槽铣入加工完成的活塞销座孔内。
发明内容
由上所述,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,对包括润滑油槽的内燃机活塞的活塞销座孔进行适当的设计,简化其制造过程并降低成本。
该所要解决的技术问题的解决方案在主权利要求所述特征中给出。
本发明相宜的进一步限定构成从属权利要求的主题。
本发明所述活塞销润滑油槽的形状具有如下优点:在车削活塞销座孔后,仅需要一个后续工艺步骤,以进行活塞销座孔的精加工和形成润滑油槽,因为在对活塞销座孔的内表面进行精加工的同时,只需要在活塞和车刀之间进行相应于润滑油槽形状的相对运动,从而将平槽式润滑油槽车削到活塞销座孔的内表面。
附图说明
以下根据附图对本发明的实施例加以说明。附图中示出:
图1设有活塞销座孔的活塞剖面图,各座孔分别有一个本发明所述的润滑油槽;
图2图1中断面II的放大图,其中附有润滑油槽断面图示;
图3沿图1中III-III线且通过活塞的部分剖面,其中附有润滑油槽的侧视图。
附图标记说明:
1活塞
2活塞头
3活塞销毂(Bolzennabe)
4活塞销毂(Bolzennabe)
5活塞销座孔
6活塞销座孔
7杆
8润滑油槽
9润滑油槽
10,10’中心部位
11中心部10的槽底
12纵轴
13,13’槽部
14部位13的槽底
15,15’槽部
16部位15的槽底
具体实施方式
图1示出内燃机活塞1的剖面图,其中设有活塞头2,其上有两个活塞销毂3和4,它们分别设有活塞销座孔5和6。在图1所选择的剖面方向,示出了活塞1两个杆7之一的俯视图。
在活塞销座孔5,6的中部,分别车削润滑油槽8,9,它们如图2(它是图1中断面II的放大图)所示,具有一个中心部10,其槽底11平行于活塞座孔5的纵轴12。槽区13往活塞内侧方向连接到部位10,其槽底14与活塞内侧呈倾斜状态,并倾向于纵轴12方向,且与活塞销座孔5的纵向成小于10°、优选小于3°的锐角α。槽区15往活塞外侧方向连接到中心部10,其槽底16与活塞外侧呈倾斜状态,并同样倾向于纵轴12的方向,而且,它与活塞销座孔5纵向的α角也小于10°,优选小于3°。活塞销座孔6中的润滑油槽9与润滑油槽8具有同样的形状。两个润滑油槽8和9中心部10的深度x的值均约为40至60μm。
根据图1,图3(沿图1中III-III线的部分剖面)中不遵守比例的润滑油槽8的侧视图所示,可以清楚地看出,润滑油槽8(以及润滑油槽9)加工到活塞销座孔5的最底部和赤道部,并覆盖了大约270°的区域。这样,在顶部约有90°的区域没有槽,其优点是:在工作冲程受力作用而活塞销进入时,顶部区域的表面压力不受润滑油槽的影响。
润滑油槽8和9分别形成了一个贮油区,它在配备活塞1的发动机启动时,以及在发动机持续工作时,可以为在图中未绘出的活塞销(它会进入活塞销座孔5,6)的润滑提供可靠的供油。该贮油区通过发动机工作时因活塞销变形而产生的泵作用而被充注,因而这里不需要进行独立的供油。
可按照与过去相同的方法,将润滑油槽8和9加工到车削入活塞销座孔端部的成型孔内。这里首先通过预切削刀具将活塞销座孔5,6车削到活塞销毂3,4内。然后用车刀的侧凸刃对活塞销座孔5,6的内表面进行精加工,同时将平槽式润滑油槽8,9车削到活塞销座孔5,6的内表面。
由于润滑油槽8,9仅覆盖活塞销座孔5,6内表面大约270°的底部和赤道部,并具有图3所示的镰形剖面,因而在加工润滑油槽8,9时,车削所用车刀在润滑油槽8,9部位的每次车削都应偏移适当,使得润滑油槽8,9可以达到所需深度,即40至60μm。
此外,也可在车削过程中,当车刀刃处于活塞销座孔5,6内表面上润滑油槽8,9将被车入的部位时,使活塞1始终与移动的车刀保持一小段距离。
其优点在于,在对活塞销座孔进行车削以后,仅需一个后续的工艺步骤,便可制成本发明所述的润滑油槽8,9,因为在对座孔内表面进行加工的同时,只需在活塞和车刀之间进行符合润滑油槽8,9形状的相对运动,以制成润滑油槽8,9。

Claims (6)

1.内燃机活塞(1)
包括活塞头(2),
包括两个成形于活塞头(2)上的活塞销毂(3,4),
包括分别车削进入活塞销毂(3,4)的活塞销座孔(5,6),
在活塞销座孔(5,6)的纵轴(12)方向,在内表面的中部,在活塞销座孔(5,6)的最底部(Nadirbereiche)和赤道部之上至少车削有一个旋绕的,至少为半圆形的润滑油槽(8,9),
其特征在于,
润滑油槽(8,9)具有一个中心部(10,10’),其槽底(11)到相应活塞销座孔(5,6)的深度小于100μm,
一槽部(13,13’)在活塞内侧连接到润滑油槽(8,9)中心部(10,10’),其槽底(14)与活塞内侧呈倾斜状态,并倾向于纵轴(12)方向,且与活塞销座孔(5,6)的纵向成锐角,而且
一槽部(15,15’)在活塞外侧连接到润滑油槽(8,9)的中心部,其槽底(16)与活塞外侧呈倾斜状态,并倾向于纵轴(12)方向,且与活塞销座孔(5,6)的纵向成锐角。
2.如权利要求1所述活塞,其特征在于:各润滑油槽(8,9)中心部(10,10’)的槽底(11)的内表面平行于活塞销座孔(5,6)的纵轴(12)。
3.如权利要求1或2所述活塞,其特征在于:各润滑油槽(8,9)中心部(10,10’)的槽底(11)到相应活塞销座孔(5,6)内表面的深度为40至60μm。
4.如前列各项权利要求中任何一项所述的活塞,其特征在于:槽部(13,13’)的槽底(14)或槽部(15,15’)的槽底(16)与活塞销座孔(5,6)纵向之间的锐角小于10°。
5.如前列各项权利要求中任何一项所述的活塞,其特征在于:槽部(13,13’)的槽底(14)或槽部(15,15’)的槽底(16)与活塞销座孔(5,6)纵向之间的锐角小于3°。
6.如前列各项权利要求中任何一项所述的活塞,其特征在于:在各活塞销座孔(5,6)中都车削有多于一个的润滑油槽(8,9)。
CNB2003801045122A 2002-11-29 2003-11-27 内燃机活塞 Expired - Fee Related CN100458240C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10255731.4 2002-11-29
DE10255731A DE10255731A1 (de) 2002-11-29 2002-11-29 Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor

Publications (2)

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CN1717556A true CN1717556A (zh) 2006-01-04
CN100458240C CN100458240C (zh) 2009-02-04

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US (1) US7152567B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1573236B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4504196B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101059055B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN100458240C (zh)
BR (1) BR0316745A (zh)
DE (2) DE10255731A1 (zh)
HK (1) HK1081631A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2004051118A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104053931A (zh) * 2012-01-19 2014-09-17 马勒国际有限公司 活塞
CN104813080A (zh) * 2012-11-23 2015-07-29 马勒国际公司 内燃机的活塞

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104053931A (zh) * 2012-01-19 2014-09-17 马勒国际有限公司 活塞
CN104813080A (zh) * 2012-11-23 2015-07-29 马勒国际公司 内燃机的活塞

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KR101059055B1 (ko) 2011-08-24
EP1573236B1 (de) 2006-08-30
HK1081631A1 (en) 2006-05-19
US20060021500A1 (en) 2006-02-02
BR0316745A (pt) 2005-10-25
CN100458240C (zh) 2009-02-04
KR20050084020A (ko) 2005-08-26
EP1573236A1 (de) 2005-09-14
WO2004051118A1 (de) 2004-06-17
US7152567B2 (en) 2006-12-26
JP2006508293A (ja) 2006-03-09
JP4504196B2 (ja) 2010-07-14
DE10255731A1 (de) 2004-06-09
DE50304898D1 (de) 2006-10-12

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