CN1698087A - 有源阵列型显示设备 - Google Patents

有源阵列型显示设备 Download PDF

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CN1698087A
CN1698087A CNA2004800001263A CN200480000126A CN1698087A CN 1698087 A CN1698087 A CN 1698087A CN A2004800001263 A CNA2004800001263 A CN A2004800001263A CN 200480000126 A CN200480000126 A CN 200480000126A CN 1698087 A CN1698087 A CN 1698087A
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switch
driving transistors
display apparatus
active matrix
matrix type
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CN100397459C (zh
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澁泽诚
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Japan Display Central Inc
Japan Display Inc
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Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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    • G09G3/3225Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
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    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
    • G09G3/3241Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element the current through the light-emitting element being set using a data current provided by the data driver, e.g. by using a two-transistor current mirror
    • G09G3/325Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element the current through the light-emitting element being set using a data current provided by the data driver, e.g. by using a two-transistor current mirror the data current flowing through the driving transistor during a setting phase, e.g. by using a switch for connecting the driving transistor to the data driver
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0852Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00Aspects of the constitution of display devices
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    • G09G2300/0809Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0861Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
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    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G09G2320/043Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

分别排成阵列形式的多个显示像素PX具有按图像信号控制流入自发光元件(16)的电流量的驱动晶体管(22)、由晶体管构成并接在驱动晶体管的栅、漏间的第一开关(24)、以及由晶体管构成并接在驱动晶体管与自发光元件之间的第二开关(26)。第一电容Cs置于驱动晶体管和漏之间,和第二电容Cx置于第二开关与驱动晶体管的栅之间。

Description

有源阵列型显示设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种有源阵列型显示设备,其中通过例如以阵列形式安排包括自发光元件诸如电致发光(下称EL)元件的显示像素来配置显示屏。
背景技术
平板型显示设备已广泛用作个人计算机、电子记事簿、电视等的显示设备。近年来,作为这样的平板型显示设备,应用自发光元件诸如有机EL元件的有源阵列型有机EL显示设备一直受人关注,其研发工作积极地进行着。有机EL显示设备有下列特征:不需要有碍有机EL显示设备做成轻薄的背后照明,具有高速响应特性,适合播放活动图片,还能在寒冷地区使用,因其亮度在低温下不降低。
有机EL显示设备一般包括多个排成多行多列而构成显示屏的显示像素、多条沿各行显示像素延伸的扫描线、多条沿各列显示像素延伸的信号导线、驱动各扫描线的扫描线驱动电路、驱动各信号导线的信号导线驱动电路等。各显示像素包括一自发光元件的有机EL元件和对其提供驱动电流的像素电路。像素电路具有:位于扫描线与信号导线交叉位置附近的像素开关;在一对电源线之间与有机EL元件串接、由薄膜晶体管组成的驱动晶体管;和保持驱动晶体管的栅控电压的存贮电容。像素开关响应于由相应扫描线提供的扫描信号而导通,并把相应信号导线提供的图像信号引入像素电路。图像信号作为栅控电压写入于存贮电容,并存贮一段预定时间。驱动晶体管向有机EL元件提供对应于写入存贮电容的栅控电压的电容量,而有机EL元件工作而发光。
有机EL元件具有阴极、阳极与发射层,发射层由含荧光有机化合物的薄膜组成。设置在阴极与阳极之间。有机EL元件通过把电子与空穴注入发射层并复合而产生激发,由于激发钝化时产生光发射而发光。其发光亮度对应于施加的电流量,即使施加10伏或以下的电压,也可得到100~100.000cd/m2的亮度。
在有机EL显示设备中,用作驱动晶体管的薄膜晶体管有一形成在玻璃等绝缘基片上的半导体薄膜,因而驱动晶体管特性如阈压Vth与载流子迁移率μ等都取决于制造工艺等,且容易变化。若驱动晶体管的阈压Vth不均匀,就难以使有机EL元件以合适的亮度发光。这样,在多个显示像素间产生不规则的亮度,造成显示不均匀。
如在美国专利NO.6,229,506中,揭示的一显示设备为避免阈压Vth不规则造成的影响,对所有显示像素都设置阈值抵消电路。配置该电路后,驱动晶体管的控制电压被来自信号导线驱动电路的图像信号预先提供的复位信号初始化。另像美国专利No.6,373,4541的另一显示设备,提出的显示设备用电流信号写图像信号,试图通过减小驱动晶体管阈压不规则造成的影响,使光发射亮度均匀。
在上述显示设备中,各显示像素的像素电路有一个或多个接在驱动晶体管栅、漏之间的开关,在光发射期间处于关状态,开关分别由薄膜晶体管构成。但在这种像素电路中,当开关从开切换到关时,因开关的栅、源问形成的寄生电容而产生馈通电压。再者,驱动晶体管的栅控电压的变化量对应于产生的馈通电压量。由于馈通电压取决于开关的阈压,故因阈压不规则而造成驱动晶体管的栅控电压不规则,在多个显示像素之间造成亮度不规则。显示像素间的这种亮度不规则呈现为显示不均匀,劣化了显示质量。
如由P沟道型薄膜晶体管构成的开关和驱动晶体管中,驱动晶体管的栅控电压沿正电位方向变化,减小了流入驱动晶体管的电流的变化,这就减小了EL光发射电流,降低了显示图像的白光亮度。
通过从驱动电路提供对其预先加入光发射电流量减小的图像信号,可避免白光亮度不足的问题,但这样会提高驱动电路的驱动电压,增大驱动电路尺寸,提高制造成本。
发明内容
本发明考虑到上述诸问题,旨在提供一种有源阵列型显示设备,其中对馈通电压引起驱动晶体管的电位变化作了补偿,显示质量有所提高。
为实现该目的,按照本发明一个方面的有源阵列型显示设备包括:自发光元件,它连接第一电压电源线,按提供的电流发光;驱动晶体管,它接在第二电压电源线与自发光元件之间,按栅控电压控制加到自发光元件的电流量;第一开关由一晶体管构成,接在驱动晶体管的栅、漏之间;接驱动晶体管栅的第一电容;第二开关由晶体管构成,接在驱动晶体管的漏与自发光元件之间;和接在第二开关与驱动晶体管的栅之间的第二电容。
附图简介
图1是本发明第一实施例有机EL显示设备配置的电路图。
图2是有机EL显示设备中显示像素的等效电路。
图3是显示像素的平面图。
图4是有机EL显示设备的一部分截面图。
图5是说明图2所示显示像素操作的时序图。
图6是本发明第二实施例的有机EL显示设备的显示像素的平面图。
图7是本发明第三实施例的有机EL的显示设备的显示像素等效电路。
实施本发明的最佳方式
现参照附图详述本发明第一实施例的有源阵列型有机EL显示设备。
如图1所示,有机EL显示设备有一有机EL面板10和对其作控制的控制器12。
有机EL面板10具有:m×n个显示像素PX,它们在玻璃板等可发射光的绝缘基片8上排成一阵列,配置成显示区域11;第一扫描线Y(Y1~Ym)和第二扫描线Bg(Bg1~Bgm),被接到各自行的显示像素,由m根线独立设置;接各列显示像素的n根信号导线X(X1~Xn);扫描线驱动电路14,对每行显示像素连续驱动第一和第二扫描线Y与Bg;和信号导线驱动电路15,用于驱动信号导线X1~Xn。驱动电路14和15设置在绝缘基片8上。
各显示像素PX包括一个作为自发光元件的有机EL元件16和对其提供驱动电流的像素电路18。显示像素的等效电路示于图2,一例平面结构示于图3。像素电路18是一电流信号到像素电路,用于按电流信号组成的图像信号控制有源EL元件的光发射,还具有像素开关20、驱动晶体管22、第一开关24、第二开关26和起存贮电容作用的第一电容Cs与第二电容Cx。像素开关20、驱动晶体管22、第一开关24和第二开关26均用同样的导电型晶体管例如P沟道型薄膜晶体管配置。
驱动晶体管22、第二开关26和有机EL元件16串接在第一电压电源线Vss与第二电压电源线Vdd之间。驱动晶体管22的源接第二电压电源线Vdd。有机EL元件16的一电极即阴极接第一电压电源线Vss。第二开关26的源接驱动晶体管22的漏,其漏接有机EL元件16的阳极。另外,第二开关26的栅接第二扫描线Bg。第一和第二电压电源线Vss与Vdd分别置于例如0伏与+10伏的电位。
驱动晶体管22向有机EL元件16输出对应于图像信号的信号电流。来自第二扫描线的控制信号Sb把第二开关26控制成开(导通态)与关(不导通态),控制驱动晶体管22与有机EL元件16之间的连接与不连接。
第一电容Cs接在驱动晶体管22的源、栅之间,保持驱动晶体管22由图像信号决定的栅控电位。第一电容Cs有一对相互平行面对的平板状电极,用驱动晶体管的栅极膜与多晶硅层构成平行板电容。
像素开关20接在与之对应的信号导线X与驱动晶体管的漏之间,其栅极接第一扫描线Y。像素开关20响应于第一扫描线Y提供的控制信号Sa,从相应的信号导线X得到图像信号。
第一开关24接在驱动晶体管22的漏、栅之间,其栅极接第一扫描线Y。第一开关24接来自第一扫描线Y的控制信号Sa开关,控制驱动晶体管22的栅、漏间的连接与不连接。图2中,Cgs指第一开关24的栅、源间产生的寄生电容。
第二电容Cx接在第二开关26的源与驱动晶体管22的栅之间,它有一对相互平行面对的平板状电极,构成平行板电容。第二电容Cx的电容值由电容面积
调节,具体的电容值在下面描述。
本例中,组成像素电路18的所有薄膜晶体管都用同一工艺形成,具有同样的层结构,都是具有把多晶硅用作半导体层的顶栅结构的薄膜晶体管。由于所有像素电路18都由同一导电型薄膜晶体管配置,抑制了制造加工次数的增多。第二开关26由不同于像素开关与第一开关的导电型薄膜晶体管构成,即N构道型薄膜晶体管。此时,通过第一扫描线Y由用于控制像素开关20的同一信号控制第二开关26的栅极。
接着参照图3和4详述像素电路18和有机EL元件16的配置。图4具体示出一例像素电路18中由第二开关26、第二电容Cx、驱动晶体管22、第一电容Cs与有机EL元件16组成的结构。
组成第二开关26的P沟道型薄膜晶体管,具有在光可发射绝缘基片8上用多晶硅构成的半导体层50,该层50有源区50a、漏区50b和位于源、漏区之间的沟道区50c。栅绝缘膜52形成在半导体层50上,栅极G置于栅绝缘膜上,面对沟道区50c。在栅电极G上形成中间层绝缘膜54,再在其上设置源电极(源)S和漏电极(漏)D,它们通过延伸通过中间层绝缘膜54和栅绝缘膜52的触点,分别接半导体层50的源区50a与漏区50b。配置第一开关24、像素开关20和驱动晶体管22的各个薄膜晶体管都形成具有上述同样的结构。
多根布线诸如信号线X、第二电压电源线Vdd等,都设置在中间层绝缘膜54上。在中间层绝缘膜54上,形成覆盖源电极S、漏电极D与布线的钝化膜56,再在其上连续层迭亲水膜58、隔膜60。
有机EL元件16具有阳极62、阴极66与有机发射层64,后者含发光有机化合物并插在阳极62阴极66之间。阳极62由ITO(钼锡氧化物)等传递电极材料组成,设置在钝化膜56上。亲水膜58和隔膜60位于阳极62上的那些部分经蚀刻消除。另在阳极62上形成了阳极缓冲层63与有机发光层64。由例如钡铝合金组成的阴极66,层迭在有机发光层64和隔膜60上。
在这种结构的有机EL元件16中,当从阳极62注入的空穴与阴极66注入的电子在有机发射层64里面复合时,通过激发配置有机发射层的有机分子而产生激发。在激发辐射的钝化的过程中产生光,而光从有机发射层64通过透明阳极62和光可发射绝缘基片8射向外部。
上例中,阳极62接驱动晶体管22的漏,阴极66接第一电压电源线Vss;但阴极66也可接驱动晶体管22的漏,而阳极62接第一电压电源线Vss。
上例中,在其上形成有机EL元件16的基片8一侧是显示表面,但面对其上形成有机EL元件16的基片8的侧(上例中的阴极66一侧)也可以是显示表面。
在任一场合中,发光面一侧必须用透明导电材料构成,例如在发光一侧设置阴极66时,可通过把碱土金属或稀土金属形成薄的具有透光性来实现该构造。
图1的控制器12形成在位于有机EL面板10外面的印制电路板上,控制扫描线驱动电路14和信号导线驱动电路15。控制器12接收数字图像信号和外部设备提供的同步信号,根据该同步信号产生控制垂直扫描时序的垂直扫描控制信号和控制水平扫描时序的水平扫描控制信号,并向扫描线驱动电路14和信号导线驱动电路15分别提供垂直与水平扫描控制信号。另外,还向信号导线驱动电路15与水平和垂直时序同步地提供数字图像信号。
信号导线驱动电路15把各水平扫描周期连续得到的图像信号Data1~Datam通过控制水平扫描控制信号而转换成模拟格式,把它作为电流信号供给多根平行的信号导线X。扫描线驱动电路14包括移位寄存器、输出缓冲器等,把外部提供的水平扫描开始信号连续传至下一级,并通过输出缓冲器把两关控制信号即Sa与Sb供给显示像素各行。据此,控制信号Sa与Sb在相互不同的第一水平扫描同期分别驱动第一与第二扫描线Y和Bg。
下面参照图5的时序图描述像素电路18基于扫描线驱动电路14和信号等导线驱动电路15的输出信号的操作状况。
扫描线驱动电路14根据例如开始信号a(Starca)和时钟a(Clka)产生脉冲,其宽度(Tw-starta)对应于各水平扫描同期,并输出作为控制信号Sa的脉冲,另还通过使控制信号Sa倒向而生成控制信号Sb。
像素电路18的操作分为图像信号写操作和发光操作。在图5的时刻t1处,在输出接通像素开关20与第一开关24(处于导通态),关断第二开关26(处于不通态)的控制信号Sa与Sb时,即Sa为低电平,Sb为高电平,就开始图像信号写操作。对一图像信号写周期(t1~t2),驱动晶体管22为二极管连接态,通过像素开关20从相应的信号导线X获得图像信号Data。通过恒流源输出对应于图像信号的恒流值,把在驱动晶体管22的源、漏间流动的电流置成该恒流值。据此执行图像信号写,把驱动晶体管里使该电流量流动的栅、源间电位写入第一电容Cs。
接着在时刻t2处,仅控制信号Sa和Sb分别为高电平与低电平,像素开关20和第一开关24关断,第二开关26接通,据此完成图像信号写操作,开始发光操作。对于发光周期,驱动晶体管22由写在第一电容Cs里的栅控电压接通,向有机EL元件16提供对应于图像信号的电流量。因此,有机EL元件16发光,开始发光操作。有机EL元件16保持发光态,直到在一帧周期后再次提供控制信号Sa。
在执行写周期时,当第一开关24从接通态切换成关断态时,生成由第一开关的寄生电容Cgs造成的馈通电压,并把它供给第一电容Cs。相应地,第一电容Cs电位即驱动晶体管22的栅电位沿正向偏移。与此相对,在第一开关24处于关断态后,当第二开关26从关断态切换至接通态时,第二开关的源电位沿负电位方向偏移。这一沿负向的电位偏移通过设置在第二开关26的源与驱动晶体管22的栅之间的第二电容Cx,发送到驱动晶体管22的栅。据此,在第二开关26的源产生的负偏移补偿第一开关24关断时产生的栅电位的正偏移,还补偿了驱动晶体管22的栅电位变化量。
为补偿栅控电压变化,第二电容Cx的电容值最好使上述栅电位的正负偏移之和为零。第二电容Cx的电容值可通过控制电容面积来调节,设置时要考虑寄生电容Cgs、第一电容Cs、第一开关24的控制信号Sa的接通态与关断态电位差。
例如,给定Cgs=0.01PF,Cs=tPF,第一开关24的接通态与关断态电位差ΔVs1=15伏,则驱动晶体管22在关断第一开关24时产生的栅电位偏移量ΔVg1,即产生的馈通电压近似为
ΔVg1={Cgs/(Cgs+Cs)}×ΔVs1,
而且规定ΔVg1=150mv。
另一方面,驱动晶体管22在接通第二开关26时的栅电位偏移量ΔVg2,则取决于源电位偏移量ΔVs2和第二开关的第二电容Cx,近似为
ΔVg2={Cx/(Cx+Cs)}×ΔVs2
第二开关26的源电位偏移量ΔVs2,表示为驱动晶体管22在图像信号写操作时的漏电位与有机EL元件16在发光操作时的阳极电位之差,约-5伏。
只要用这些值决定导致ΔVg1+ΔVg2=0的第二电容Cx,它就定为0.03PF,故能根据该值确定该电容面积,如在用100μm厚的氧化膜作介质的电容中,相当于0.03PF的电容面积为9×9μm=81μm2。若第二电容Cx有这样的面积,则对显示像素Px加第二电容时,则面积很少有限制。
如上所述,在本例有机EL显示设备中,第二电容Cx置于第二开关26的源与驱动晶体管22的栅之间,能补偿驱动晶体管在切断第一开关24时产生的栅电位变化。因此在可靠地执行图像信号写操作时,可减少驱动晶体管的栅控电压因馈通电压引起的变化或不规则的影响,也抑制了多个显示像素之间的亮度不规则性。另外,驱动电路不必为了补偿栅控电压变化而提供过多的电流量,得到足够的白光亮度无需提高驱动电压和增大驱动电路的尺寸并增加其制造成本。相应地,提供的有源阵列型有机EL显示设备。防止了显示的不均性,改进了显示质量。
如此例所示,较佳地把第二电容Cx置为ΔVg1+ΔVg2=0。但本发明并不限于此,只要第二电容Cx的电容值能补偿在切断第一开关24时产生的至少一部分电位变化,就可取得减小栅控电位变化的效果。
平行板型电容被用作第二电容Cx,但也可使用平行互接线电容。如在有机EL元件发光效率高时,或不需要高的显示屏白光亮度时,可将有机EL显示设备中有机EL元件的光发射电压和驱动像素电路的电压做得较低。举例说,给定第一开关24的接通态与关断态电位之差ΔVs1为10伏,其它条件与上例相同,则第二电容Cx所需的电容值为0.02PF。如图6所示,可用平行互接线电容构成具有这种电容值的第二电容Cx。即,至少有一对接线,这些接线以预定的间隙平行安置,无需相互重迭。
当平行互接线电容用作第二电容Cx时,与平行板型电容相比,优点是可完全避免层间短路,如用间距1μm、平行长度80μm的平行接线能构成0.02PF的电容。至图6的第二实施例中,除了第二电容Cx外,其它配置均与第一实施例同,与第一例相同的部分采用同样的标号,并不再详述。
有机EL显示设备的像素电路不仅可构成电路信号制像素电路,也可构成电压信号制像素电路。图7示出本发明第三实施例中有机EL显示设备的显示像素PX。各显示像素PX包括有机EL元件16自发光元件和对其提供驱动电流的像素电路18,后者是一电压信号制像素电路,按电压信号构成的图像信号控制有机EL元件16的发光射,它包括像素开关20、驱动晶体管22、第一开关24、第二开关26、第一电容Cs1、第二电容Cx和第三电容Cs2。像素开关20、驱动晶体管22、第一开关24和第二开关26,都用同一导电型晶体管例如P沟型薄膜晶体管配制。
驱动晶体管22的源接高电位第二电压电源线Vdd。第一电容Cs1接在驱动晶体管22的栅、源之间。驱动晶体管22的栅经第三电容Cs2接像素开关20的漏,像素开关的源接信号导线X。
驱动晶体管22的漏接第二开关26的源,第二开关的漏接有机EL元件16的阳极,有机EL元件16的阴极接低压位第一电压电源线Vss。第二电容Cx由例如平行板型电容组成,接在第二开关26的源与驱动晶体管22的栅之间。
从信号导线驱动电路(未示出)输出并由电压信号组成的图像信号Data,经信号导线X输入各像素电路18。控制信号Sa、Sb和扫描线驱动电路(未示出)产生的控制信号Sc,分别把像素开关20,第一开关24和第二开关26控制成接通与断开。
在第三实施例中,因第二电容Cx设在第二开关26的源与驱动晶体管22的栅之间,故能补偿驱动晶体管的栅电位在关断第一开关24时产生的变化。据此,在完成第五次抵消操作时,能减小驱动晶体管的栅控电压被馈通电压造成变化或不规则的影响,还抑制了多个显示像素之间亮度的不规则性。因此,得到的有源阵列型有机EL显示设备可防止出现显示不均性,改进了显示质量,不必提高驱动电压和增大驱动电路尺寸,不会增加其制造成本。
本发明并不限于上述诸实施例,诸元件可在不违背本发明要旨的范围内在实施阶段予以修改和具体化。再者,由于上述诸实施例揭示的众多元件可适当组合,故能构成各种发明,如可从实施例示出的所有元件中剔除某些元件。而且,可以适当组合不同实施例的元件范围。
在上述诸实施例中,组成像素电路的所有薄膜晶体管都由同样的导电型晶体管即这里的P沟道型晶体管构成,但也可用N沟道型薄膜晶体管配置。而且,像素电路可通过把不同传导型的薄膜晶体管组合在一起构成,仅像素开关和第一开关由N沟道型薄膜晶体管组成,而驱动晶体管和第二开关由P沟道型晶体管组成。
薄膜晶体管的半导体层不仅用多晶硅配置,也可用无定形硅配置。组成显示元件的自发光元件不限于有机EL元件,可应用能自身发光的各种发光元件。
工业适用性
根据本发明,在提供的有源阵列型显示设备中,馈通电压造成的驱动晶体管的电位变化得到补偿,显示质量有了提高。

Claims (8)

1.一种有源阵列型显示设备,其特征在于包括:
自发光元件,它连接第一电压电源线,按施加的电流发光;
驱动晶体管,它接在第二电压电源线与自发光元件之间,按栅控电压控制供给自发光元件的电流量;
第一开关,由晶体管构成,接在驱动晶体管的栅、漏之间;
第一电容,接驱动晶体管的栅;
第二开关,由晶体管构成,接在驱动晶体管的漏与自发光元件之间;和
第二电容,接在第二开关与驱动晶体管的栅之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的有源阵列型显示设备,其中第二电容有一电容值,其中第一开关关断时产生的栅控电压偏移量与第二开关接通时产生的栅控电压偏移量之和基本上为零。
3.如权利要求1所述的有源阵列型显示设备,其中驱动晶体管、第一开关和第二开关分别由半导体层为多晶硅的薄膜晶体管构成。
4.如权利要求1所述的有源阵列型显示设备,其中第一和第二开关分别由同一半导体的薄膜晶体管构成,第二开关的漏接自发光元件,第二开关的源接驱动晶体管的漏,而第二电容接在第二开关的源与驱动晶体管的栅之间。
5.如权利要求1所述的有源阵列型显示设备,其中第二电容由平行板电容构成。
6.如权利要求1所述的有源阵列型显示设备,其中第二电容由平行互接线电容构成。
7.如权利要求1~6所述的有源阵列型显示设备,其中根据电流信号设置提供的电流。
8.如权利要求1~6所述的有源阵列型显示设备,其中自发光元件有一对相互面对的电极和位于电极间的有机发射层。
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CN100397459C (zh) 2008-06-25
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US20050057182A1 (en) 2005-03-17
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