CN1680218B - Fermented fertilizer and its production - Google Patents
Fermented fertilizer and its production Download PDFInfo
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- CN1680218B CN1680218B CN2005100599767A CN200510059976A CN1680218B CN 1680218 B CN1680218 B CN 1680218B CN 2005100599767 A CN2005100599767 A CN 2005100599767A CN 200510059976 A CN200510059976 A CN 200510059976A CN 1680218 B CN1680218 B CN 1680218B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The purpose of this invention is to dispose of and effectively utilize waste of the skin of a bamboo shoot, young bamboo and parent bamboo by using one or both of the skin of the bamboo which is waste in a boiling work plant of the bamboo shoot and the young bamboo which is a grown bamboo shoot as main components, adding the parent bamboo therein and composting the raw materials for a short time at a low cost. The subject fermented fertilizer is produced by adding useful microorganisms containing one or more kinds of actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, fungi, lactobacilli, yeast and aspergillus bacteria into the composting raw material mainly using one or both of the skin of the bamboo shoot and the young bamboo, and if need, the parent bamboo, further adding at least one of a fermentation accelerating assistant, a water control agent and a nutritious agent of the microorganisms if needed and mixing and stirring them. The fermented fertilizer containing a growth promotor contained in the bamboo shoot or the young bamboo is produced by composting the skin of the bamboo shoot or the young bamboo used as the main components and becomes the fertilizer remarkably effective for the growth promotion of plants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the organic waste is the fermentation fertilizer of raw material, is the manufacturing technology of the fermentation fertilizer of main raw material with bamboo shoot skins, tender bamboo, old bamboo particularly.
Background technology
In recent years, organic waste has been processed into serious social concern.Organism such as moisture rubbish (food waste) and livestock waste by to farmland reduction, natural decomposition circulation, can obtain abundant processing in amount after a little while, but a large amount of, just become the public hazards source, and it handles the expense that needs cost a large amount of.
In physical environment, when piling up the vegetative fiber (Mierocrystalline cellulose) as composting material, at first yeast, bacterial reproduction do not produce amino acid and water, CO by protein and sugar
2Along with this fermentation is carried out, a lot of Mierocrystalline celluloses begin heat production, promote actinomycetes, hyphomycetic activity, and Mierocrystalline cellulose is decomposed into fertilizer.In the process before the complete maturation of compost, the trouble of bringing is a spoilage organism, if this bad bacterium (anaerobism) breeding is got up, will produce nitrous acid and sulfide, produces undesirable peculiar smell.Even be in the compost manufacture method of object generally with moisture rubbish, when easily the decomposability material decomposes in the early stage, aerobic thread fungus and bacterium play a major role, pass through the very actinomycetes decomposition hemicellulose of the high-temperature aerobic of qualification at hemicellulose and Mierocrystalline cellulose decomposition phase, Mierocrystalline cellulose is exposed.At this moment, because the oxygen picked-up is vigorous, produce anaerobic environment around it, anaerobic cellulose-decomposing bacterium is worked, and produces cellulolytic cellulase.When cellulosic decomposition surpassed its peak, leavening temperature slowly reduced, and xylogen begins to decompose.The decomposition of xylogen is undertaken by thread fungus synthetic perienzyme, basidiomycetes, whitewood rot fungi etc.In addition, with regard to the special-effect of bacterium, various carbohydrate such as the ammonia that photosynthetic bacterium produces in consuming waste, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, when eliminating malodor source, have and promote to produce various effective amino acid whose effects such as proline(Pro), methionine(Met), milk-acid bacteria has the putrid effect that prevents waste, when using actinomycetes, yeast, the microorganism that forms the Gram-positive flora that can suppress the harmful microbe effect is equated it is well-known.
Like this, based on the viewpoint of keeping physical environment, efficent use of resources, the technological development of organic composting is actively carried out, and has proposed the scheme of the various kinds that relate to the microbial bacteria that uses in waste raw material, the fermentation, manufacture method etc.For example open and disclose the antagonism that relates to bacterium, pH, air-tight state etc. in the flat 5-170579 communique, in No. 3485345 communique of patent, disclose and relate to the thread fungus that is suitable under the low temperature environment, open to disclose in the 2000-16889 communique the spy and relate to rice husk, acetic acid and contain thing as adding scheme such as material the spy.With regard to microbial culture medium, proposed, open described in the 2003-192794 communique polymkeric substance directly as schemes such as composting promotor as the spy.In addition, with regard to organic matter raw material, also disclose and related to a large amount of organic raw material such as vegetable waste, wood chip, animal excrement.
Summary of the invention
Yet moisture rubbish generally comprises a large amount of moisture rubbish that produce of moisture rubbish and enterprise of the daily a small amount of generation of family.The part of these moisture rubbish becomes organic fertilizer in the mixed processing of family, business unit or commune unit.
As producing in a large number, there is not suitable treatment process and the directly example of the organic waste of waste treatment, for example skin of bamboo shoots in business unit.Bamboo shoots are seasonal products, and small part is to sell the human consumer digging out under the state of belt leather, and major part is in the business unit that bamboo shoots is being carried out poach processing, under the poach state that removes peeling, sell throughout the year.In the business unit of the poach processing of carrying out bamboo shoots, in case produce bamboo shoot skins in a large number, the processing of this bamboo shoot skins has just become big problem.
In bamboo shoots poach processing factory, before and after the poach, the skin, point, root etc. of removing bamboo shoots carry out waste treatment with these as refuse not as the part (in this specification sheets, these are generically and collectively referred to as bamboo shoot skins) of commodity.The a large amount of bamboo shoot skins fermentation capacities of depleted are strong, produce corrupt smelly and become problem.In addition, also exist because bamboo shoots are seasonal products, the problem that the waste treatment cost is little is not carried out making fermentation fertilizer at a large amount of bamboo shoot skins of processing factory's generations of bamboo shoots all the time.
On the other hand, along with being engaged in people's aging of digging bamboo shoots in recent years and being short of hands, edible bamboo shoots are not excavated, just putting so, perhaps the tender bamboo that grows up is not felled, shelved until the inadequate bamboo grove of the management that becomes old bamboo and so on very noticeable always.If the management of bamboo grove is insufficient, then can there be the infringement that increases the weight of bamboo, moisture holding capacity reduces, and other trees such as adjacent Chinese fir, cypress are injured, and the beauty on mountain will be lost the problem of must not neglect in such physical environment aspect.
The problem that the present invention will solve is that be a kind of in the bamboo shoot skins and the tender bamboo that bamboo shoots grew up to of not excavating or both are as main raw material to the waste in the poach processing factories of bamboo shoots, further add old bamboo, in short period of time, low-cost composting, seek offal treatment of bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo, old bamboo and effectively utilization thereof.
The inventor has finished the present invention based on following discovery: because the heat production fermentable of bamboo shoot skins is big, contain the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins of keeping the surprising growth of bamboo and kinetin, the such growth helping matter of tyrosine in bamboo shoots and the tender bamboo, if with bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo is the main raw material composting, in conjunction with the waste countermeasure, can become the effective fermentation fertilizer of growth and development of plants.
That is to say that the present invention is in the composting material based on any one or both of bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo, mixes the method that at least a kind of useful microorganism is made fermentation fertilizer.Wherein, as above-mentioned useful microorganism, can comprise any more than a kind or a kind in actinomycetes, light compositing bacterium, thread fungus, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, the aspergillus tubigensis.As above-mentioned useful microorganism, preferably including bacillus (Bacillus), Rhodopseudomonas (Pseudomonas), red bacterium belongs to (Rhodobacter), streptomyces (Streptomyces), pichia and belongs to any more than a kind or a kind, preferred more than 2 kinds or 2 kinds in (Pichia), Saccharomycodes (Saccharomycopsis), the Aspergillus (Aspergillus).In addition, in above-mentioned composting material, can add at least a kind in fermentation accelerant, moisture adjuster and the microbial nutrition agent.
The manufacture method of fermentation fertilizer of the present invention also can be following method, comprise the 1st operation: in composting material based on any one or both of bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo, be added with and use microorganism, further add at least a kind in fermentation accelerant, moisture adjuster and the microbial nutrition agent, mix and stir; The 2nd operation: append mixing after the 1st operation repeatedly and stir the above-mentioned composting material of stirring repeatedly; The 3rd operation: end to append above-mentioned composting material, stir stirring repeatedly repeatedly; With the 4th operation: normal temperature is placed after the 3rd operation., also can not be divided into above-mentioned the 1st operation to the 3 operations herein, beginning just with the mixed composting material of regulation, is repeatedly stirred stirring.
In above-mentioned any one method, on fermenting speed, fertilizer component, any one of bamboo shoot skins in the composting material and tender bamboo or the ratio that both are shared are more than or equal to 5%, are preferably more than to equal 20%, more preferably more than or equal to 40%.In addition, in above-mentioned composting material, also can further add old bamboo.When adding old bamboo, any one in bamboo shoot skins and the tender bamboo or both shared ratios are more than or equal to 5%, are preferably more than to equal 20%, more preferably more than or equal to 40%, and then add ratio behind the old bamboo for relatively good more than or equal to 50%.
The invention is characterized in: mainly be any one or both in bamboo shoot skins and the tender bamboo, perhaps in the composting material that has wherein added old bamboo, add any useful microorganism more than a kind or a kind that contains in actinomycetes, light compositing bacterium, thread fungus, milk-acid bacteria, yeast, the aspergillus tubigensis, as required, add at least a kind in fermentation accelerant, moisture adjuster and the microbial nutrition agent, mix and stir, make fermentation fertilizer.Thus, can seek waste treatment and its effective utilization of bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo, old bamboo.With bamboo shoot skins and/or tender bamboo is that main raw material carries out composting, can make the fermentation fertilizer that contains growth helping matter contained in bamboo shoot skins and the tender bamboo, becomes promoting extremely effectively fertilizer of plant-growth.
When being main raw material with the bamboo shoot skins, a large amount of bamboo shoot skins that produce in bamboo shoots poach processing factory need not be carried out waste treatment as trade waste, and can low cost make fermentation fertilizer, eliminate the problem in the offal treatment in the bamboo shoots processing factory, can effectively utilize bamboo shoot skins simultaneously.
In addition, adding in bamboo shoot skins under the situation of tender bamboo as main raw material, the many growth helping matters that contain in the tender bamboo have the effect of the growth helping matter part of replenishing in the bamboo shoot skins that reduces because of poach.
Output of bamboo shoots and the felling of tender bamboo are subject to seasonal restrictions, but pass through to preserve the bamboo shoots of poach and the tender bamboo of felling, and bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo are used one by one as composting material, can make line as fermentation fertilizer and operate throughout the year.Generally in bamboo shoots poach processing factory, fill in jumbo jar behind the bamboo shoots poach that will excavate the early spring and preservation, as required, open jar and make the processing and packing commodity, can operate so throughout the year.In this processing and packing operation, because therefore each bamboo shoot skins that produces again as waste can use it as composting material one by one.In addition, also can collect the bamboo shoot skins and the kept dry of removing in advance, use one by one.In addition, also can in silo etc., preserve, guarantee that the tender bamboo of felling is in A-stage, use them one by one.If from the work aspect, it is short and labour intensity is big to dig the bamboo shoots time spent, and it is light and the operating time is also rich to fell tender bamboo operation, therefore also has the bamboo grove management and is easy to effect.
Embodiment
Maximum of the present invention is characterised in that with any one or both in bamboo shoot skins and the tender bamboo, perhaps again toward wherein adding the main raw material of old bamboo as compost.Any one of bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo or both shared ratios in composting material are more than or equal to 5%, be preferably more than and equal 20%, more preferably more than or equal to 40%, and under the situation of adding old bamboo, any one of bamboo shoots and tender bamboo or the ratio that both are shared are more than or equal to 5%, be preferably more than and equal 20%,, and then add ratio behind the old bamboo for more than or equal to 50% more preferably more than or equal to 40%.As the composting material beyond bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo, the old bamboo, also can use organic raw material such as vegetables bits, food squeezing are poor, shredding food, rice husk, vegetation on a small quantity.In addition, as required, also can add material as fertilizer sources compositions such as shellfish, bone meal, aquatic products processing waste.Make said bamboo shoot skins and bamboo compositions such as tender bamboo, old bamboo more than or equal to 50% of composting material, can come as the fermentation fertilizer difference of composting material with the material beyond the bamboo composition,, also can become relieved fermentation fertilizer from the trackability aspect with other.In addition, can select the suitableeest microorganism in the useful micropopulation of the fermentation process that is suitable for composting material most, particularly blended.
Wherein, tender bamboo is meant the bamboo in the developmental process before becoming old bamboo, be putting and allow it grow up by not digging out edible bamboo shoots, until the anorexia of growing up with obtaining, the bamboo before the branch of the chances are bamboo grows.By maximum in Japan Meng Zongzhu, different because of the place of growing, but typically refer to height bamboo of (come out about 1 week to 1 of back month) about 1～4m from the face of land.Old bamboo is meant the bamboo after the tender bamboo continued growth, normally through the hard bamboo of bamboo qualitative change more than 1 year.The bamboo of growing approximately 1 year does not have the function as old bamboo, and because bamboo matter softness can classify as tender bamboo, sometimes for peace treaty growth hard old bamboo difference of bamboo matter more than 2 years, and is called the Hsinchu especially.Like this, classification and on-fixed, but usually call by the proterties of bamboo.
The useful microorganism of Shi Yonging does not contain hazardous substance in the present invention, in above-mentioned fermenting process, as long as show active.For example, contain in main raw material in the mixing of a large amount of bamboo shoot skins, fermentation begins very early, rise to about 75 ℃, stir and stir when insufficient, be reduced to about 45 ℃, therefore preferably combination is used with the high-temperature aerobic bacterium and is main body, contains the microorganism more than 2 kinds or 2 kinds of anaerobism bacterium.
As the useful microorganism that reality is used, be the useful microorganism of anerobe and aerobic microorganism coexistence, preferably include in actinomycetes, light compositing bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, thread fungus, yeast, the aspergillus tubigensis more than a kind or a kind.In these microorganisms, preferably from following microorganism, select to use: as actinomycetes, use streptomyces, streptoverticillium, Nocardia, little monospore belongs to, Rhod, actinomyces, corynebacterium, as the light compositing bacterium, use genus chlorobium, Chromatium, the green phycomycetes (Chloroflexus) that deflects, rhodospirillum, Rhodopseudomonas, red bacterium belongs to, genus acetobacter, the fixed nitrogen Bacillaceae, rhizobium, methylomonas, as milk-acid bacteria, use propiono-bacterium, lactobacillus genus, Pediococcus, streptococcus, micrococcus sp, leuconos toc, as thread fungus, use Aspergillus, Mucor, Trichoderma, as belonging to the zymic bacterium, the use pichia belongs to, Saccharomycodes, mycocandida, as bacterium, use bacillus, fiber monospore Pseudomonas, Cellvibrio, Cytophaga, Clostridium, Desuifotomaculum.
As present commercially available product, be mostly with EM, thomas (ト-マ ス), Ou Laisi (ォ-レ ス), A Kute (ァ Network ト) TG, Say grace (サ ィ ォ Application), cypress moral (バ ィ system Off-De), black Lou grace (ゥ ロ Application) C, NK-52, Kao Funa (コ Off Na), A Zailong (ア-ゼ ロ Application), Bai Oufatai (バ ィ ォ Off ァ-テ ィ), Li Wuen trade(brand)names such as (リ-ヮ Application) the composting promotor of selling not.But these commercially available products with regard to it contained as with regard to the microorganism of main component, for example include with multiple signs such as microorganism, Gram-positive, Gram-negative, aerobic, anaerobism, antagonisms, academicly, the sign on quantitatively is not enough mostly.In the present invention, the main raw material of composting material by specific be bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo, therefore can select the microorganism of the environment that is suitable for the composting material decomposing and fermenting most.In addition, consider that above-mentioned various microorganism shows conditions such as active required air, temperature, humidity after, can set the raw material treatment condition of the decomposing and fermenting that is suitable for composting material most.For example, generally at pH smaller or equal to 5, more than or equal to 6 o'clock, the speed of response of composting is little, therefore preferably near the neutral zone.
And, be in the composting material of main raw material with bamboo shoot skins and/or tender bamboo, also can with useful microorganism add together in fermentation accelerant, moisture adjuster and the microbial nutrition agent more than a kind or a kind.In the present invention, as the fermentation accelerant that can preferably use, comprise animal waste, wood vinegar, bamboo vinegar liquid; As moisture adjuster, comprise bamboo shred, wood chip, carbohydrate, contain the material of acetic acid or propionic acid etc.; As the microbial nutrition agent, can enumerate rice bran etc.Wherein, chicken manure or rice bran are held concurrently and are with the effect that replenishes nitrogen component, help the activation of microorganism, the bamboo shred has the moisture of adjusting and de-odorised effect, wood vinegar and bamboo vinegar liquid make difficult soft and soggyization of organic extracellular of decomposing except adding fertilizer component, also having, prevent the reduction of pH and promote fermentation, the effect of decomposing repugnant substance.
An example that shows fermentation fertilizer of the present invention manufacturing process below.
(1) the 1st operation
Bamboo shoot skins with Meng Zongzhu is a main raw material, useful microorganism is mixed with the composting material that has added animal waste, bamboo shred moisture about 60% (piece of old bamboo fragmentation into about 3mm formed), that added rice bran and stirs.
(2) the 2nd operations
Temperature at composting bed rises to about 75 ℃ moment, appends and mixes and the initial bamboo shoot skins bamboo shoot skins of equivalent roughly, stirs stirring.After about 1 day, further append the bamboo shoot skins of equivalent volumes, stir stirring.
Appending of bamboo shoot skins mixed and stirred and stir when adding up to 4 times repeatedly, and the ratio of the bamboo shoot skins in the composting bed reaches 94% approximately.In addition, with regard to employed bamboo shoot skins, major part is by placing 2～3 days naturally behind poach, control the water seasoning and obtain, also contain the preceding new fresh bamboo shoots of some poach in addition, during washiness, regulating so that overall moisture about 60% with the bamboo shred.
(3) the 3rd operations
When stop adding bamboo shoot skins, the temperature of composting bed drops to about 45 ℃, thereby, this moment with 1 week 1 time ratio stir stirring.About repeatedly 4 times.
(4) the 4th operations
Above-mentioned composting bed is placed about 1 month at normal temperatures.
Through above operation, about 2 months, making with the bamboo shoot skins was the fermentation fertilizer of main raw material.Certainly this manufacturing process is an example, kind as the bamboo shoot skins of raw material and tender bamboo, old bamboo is not limited to Meng Zongzhu, in addition, conditions such as the blending ratio by regulating composting material, the moisture of composting bed, temperature, pH, mixing stirring, air-supply also can reaction speed and needed time.In addition, this manufacturing process can possess mixing device and the device that stirs stirring by use, further as required, can also possess the device that control shows fermentation state such as moisture, temperature, air-supply, deodorizing, the raw material setting device, the compost manufacturing installation of the screening of fermentation fertilizer, weighing, packing apparatus etc. is implemented.
[embodiment 1]
To place 2～3 days exsiccant bamboo shoot skins 6.5kg, chicken manure 1.4kg, pig manure 1kg, bamboo shred 3.6kg, rice bran 0.36kg naturally behind the poach is composting material, will be the microorganism 0.14kg (1 * 10 of main composition with bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas, red bacterium genus, streptomyces, pichia genus, Saccharomycodes (Saccharomycopsis), Aspergillus
8Individual/gram) mix with composting material and stir.
Therefore in the time of about 2 days, the temperature of composting bed rises to about 75 ℃, appends with the 6.5kg bamboo shoot skins of initial bamboo shoot skins equivalent and stirs stirring.The temperature of composting bed drops to about 45 ℃, has promoted fermentation but stir to stir, thereby has heated up once more.After 1 day, append and mix with the 13kg bamboo shoot skins of the bamboo shoot skins equivalent of composting bed and stir stirring.Again after 1 day, append and mix with the 26kg bamboo shoot skins of the bamboo shoot skins equivalent of composting bed and stir stirring.Again after 1 day, append and mix with the 52kg bamboo shoot skins of the bamboo shoot skins equivalent of composting bed and stir stirring.More than append the mixing bamboo shoot skins 4 times, can make the shared ratio of bamboo shoot skins in the composting bed total amount reach about 94%.
At this moment, stop appending bamboo shoot skins, further after 1 week, stir stirring.This stirs stirring 4 times to add up to enforcement.
Naturally placed about 1 month afterwards, finish composting.
The above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer that obtains do not produce stench, and permanent stability are good, As time goes on further promoting certainly maturation becomes the good fertilizer of quality.Naturally place after 2 months, the structure of analyzing the fermentation fertilizer composition is N:0.134%, P:0.98%, K:0.91%, Ca:0.51%, Mg:0.19%.Wherein, for N, ammonia gasiform nitrogen is 0.05%, and the nitrogen of nitric acid attitude is 0.09%.
For above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer research fertilization effect.In the farmland of the fermentation fertilizer 25% that has mixed this embodiment (A), mixed the farmland (B) of commercially available compost 25% and do not executed the little tomato seedling of planting 4cm in the farmland (C) of any fertilizer respectively, relatively through the observations after 2 months.Consequently, vigorous than farmland (B) of growing of the little tomato of farmland (A), the stem footpath is sturdy from the bottom to the top, and the sheet number of leaf is many, strong green and growing fine, leaf is totally luxuriant.Jie fruit is also many in addition, and growth and development stage is also long.Like this, when using the fermentation fertilizer of this embodiment, it grows vigorous before reaching high position, has confirmed that the effect that continues to grow is extremely high.
[embodiment 2]
Use chicken manure 1.8kg, cow dung 0.6kg as tame animal manure, use with bacillus, streptomyces, streptoverticillium, Nocardia, little monospore genus, Rhodopseudomonas, rhodospirillum, Chromatium, green deflect phycomycetes, Aspergillus, Mucor, Saccharomycodes, mycocandida as the microorganism of main composition as microorganism, in addition, under the condition the same, make fermentation fertilizer with embodiment 1.Consequently, the same with the situation of embodiment 1, through 2 months, obtain good fermentation fertilizer.
[embodiment 3]
Bamboo shoot skins 95% behind the use poach and fresh bamboo shoot skins 5% are as bamboo shoot skins, only use chicken manure 2.4kg as tame animal manure, use commercially available product A Pu-thomas Ou Lua (ア-プ ト-マ ス ォ Le ガ) bacterium (ア-プ ト-マ ス ォ Le ガ institute system), in addition, under the condition the same, make fermentation fertilizer with embodiment 1.Consequently, the same with the situation of embodiment 1, through 2 months, obtain good fertilizer.
In addition, carry out simultaneous test as chicken manure and the cow dung and the pig manure of tame animal manure.Consequently, chicken manure or the most excellent at aspects such as drying property, acquisition easiness toward the fertilizer that has wherein mixed cow dung.Secondly, the fertilizer that has mixed pig manure is good.It is generally acknowledged that this is because the difference of the feed of domestic animal.The washiness of pig manure particularly, the fibrination of cow dung, it is not preferred using separately.But the discomfort how many moisture and Mierocrystalline celluloses cause can be eliminated by the moisture of regulating composting bed and the number of times of selecting to stir stirring, and it is no problem to make on reality is used.
[embodiment 4]
With the method the same with embodiment 1, making the raw material combined amount respectively is 100 times, carries out the mass production experiment.But, use the fermentation fertilizer that in embodiment 1, obtains as microorganism, only use chicken manure as tame animal manure.In addition, the working power scoop stirs stirring.The same with the situation of embodiment 1, append and mix bamboo shoot skins 4 times, make that the shared ratio of bamboo shoot skins is about 94% in the composting bed total amount.Consequently, a large amount of bamboo shoot skins can composting through 2 months and do not produced stench, and is the same with the situation of embodiment 1, can obtain good fermentation fertilizer.
[embodiment 5]
Use is obtained the native country bacterium (below be called bamboo native country bacterium) of cultivation with following method, toward the chicken manure that wherein adds equivalent, it as starter, with the method the same with embodiment 1, is carried out the mass production of 5.2 tons of total amounts and tests.
(1) bamboo native country bacterium obtains
In bamboo grove, old bamboo (3～4 annual produce) to be broken apart by chopping at the height of the about 15cm in the face of land, when dropping into nutrition agent and placing about 1 month in tube, white culture propagation is taked it.Do not identify, but think the aerobic microorganism of indication.It is taked, on kind of bed, cultivate, become bamboo native country bacterium.
(2) cultivation of bamboo native country bacterium
In the mixture of rice bran 6L and bamboo native country bacterium 30ml, scatter the aqueous solution that obtains with the black sweet 6ml of tepid water 600ml dissolving, regulate moisture (with holding when tightly opening, the degree that is dispersed into several is an ideal), stir (during water deficient, regulating) every a few days with the above-mentioned aqueous solution.Repeat this operation, about 1 month, bacterium began to extend, and temperature also is reduced to normal temperature, cultivated and finished.Afterwards, kept dry becomes kind of a bacterium.
Use the experimental result of this bamboo native country bacterium, the same with the situation of other embodiment, can make good fermentation fertilizer.
[embodiment 6]
With the 7 kinds of raw material ratio of mixture (quality %) shown in the table 1, carry out the mass production experiment of 5.2 tons of the total amounts the same with embodiment 5.The kind bacterium of the microorganism of using is above-mentioned bamboo native country bacterium or the fermentation fertilizer that obtains in embodiment 1～4.Wherein use the tender bamboo that is broken into the about 2cm of the thick about 5mm * length of meat.In addition, old bamboo is used the bamboo shred that is broken into above-mentioned about 3mm piece.
Table 1
| Mix example | Bamboo shoot skins | Tender bamboo | Old bamboo | Chicken manure | Microorganism |
| 1 | 90 | 0 | 5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| 2 | 80 | 0 | 10 | 5 | 5 |
| 3 | 75 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 5 |
| ?4 | 50 | 10 | 30 | ?5 | ?5 |
| 5 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 5 | 5 |
| 6 | 25 | 20 | 45 | 5 | 5 |
| 7 | 30 | 0 | 60 | 5 | 5 |
| 8 | 20 | 0 | 70 | 5 | 5 |
| 9 | 0 | 50 | 40 | 5 | 5 |
| 10 | 0 | 30 | 60 | 5 | 5 |
Combined amount minimizing along with bamboo shoots, the combined amount of tender bamboo increases, and the composting required time has the tendency of growth, but under the total amount of bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo is situation more than or equal to 80% mixing example 1～3, with the same long times, can make same fermentation fertilizer with embodiment 5.The combined amount of tender bamboo and bamboo shred for a long time, the time lengthening that composting is required for example, is being mixed under the situation of example 6, compares with the situation of mixing example 1, the composting time prolonged for 1 week approximately.The total amount of bamboo shoot skins and tender bamboo is reduced to the situation of 20% mixing example 8, further needs for a long time, as the treatment process of old bamboo, also roughly be stagnation point on industrial level.In addition, by changing following fermentation condition: the short period of time is boiled tender bamboo, perhaps heats, and perhaps increases the number of times that stirs of composting bed, and the broken condition that perhaps changes old bamboo becomes the shape that is easy to decompose, and can shorten this composting time.Only using tender bamboo, do not containing under the situation of mixing example 9,10 of bamboo shoot skins, using the tender bamboo of boiling, comparing as the situation of main raw material with containing bamboo shoot skins, the fermentation at initial stage is slow, but can obtain fermentation fertilizer.In addition, mix under the situation of example 10, further be heated to about 60 ℃ in the early stage.In addition, do not contain bamboo shoot skins, tender bamboo, old bamboo is only arranged, can not obtain fermentation fertilizer as main raw material.Is N:1.0% with bamboo native country bacterium as the analytical results of resulting fermentation fertilizer (moisture 50%) under the situation of the mixing example 5 of microorganism, P:0.9%, K:1.8%, C:16.1%, C/N:16.5, Mg:0.7%, Ca:1.4%, Na:0.4%.This fertilizer component can be used as feed and uses owing to do not contain hazardous substance, and then, also can become aqueously, concentrate and use.
[embodiment 7]
Reduce the amount of bamboo shoot skins, with the raw material ratio of mixture (quality %) shown in the table 2, carrying out with embodiment 5 the same total amounts is that 5.2 tons volume production is tested.The kind bacterium of the microorganism of using is the above-mentioned fermentation fertilizer that is obtained by bamboo native country bacterium.Use the bamboo of the fragment that is broken for the thick about 2mm of meat herein.
Table 2
| Mix example | Bamboo shoot skins | The Hsinchu | Old bamboo | Rice bran | Microorganism | Other |
| 11 | 10 | 10 | 65 | 5 | 10 | 0 |
| 12 | 5 | 5 | 60 | 10 | 5 | 0 |
| 13 | 0 | 15 | 70 | 5 | 10 | 0 |
| 14 | 0 | 10 | 75 | 10 | 5 | 0 |
| 15 | 0 | 5 | 55 | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| Comparative example | 0 | 0 | 95 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Comparative example | 0 | 0 | 90 | 5 | 5 | 0 |
With contain bamboo shoot skins relatively, primary fermentation evening, but, can obtain fermentation fertilizer in the time of about 2 months by making raw material shredization and increase stir number of times as the situation of main raw material.Though fertilizer component less than embodiment 6, only just can not realize fermentation fertilizerization with the Hsinchu owing to do not contain bamboo shoot skins, thereby if consider that the old bamboo of felling is with standby practical situation before bamboo shoots grow, this quadrat method is fit to.In addition, do not contain bamboo shoot skins and Hsinchu and only be the comparative example of main raw material, in the time of 2 months, do not obtain fermentation fertilizer with old bamboo.
[embodiment 8]
More than the example of manufacturing process of each embodiment for dividing a plurality of stages to drop into composting materials, prefer and be continuous processing.But from considerations such as the amount of raw material, production space, costs, it is favourable situation that batch processing is also arranged.Therefore, in the present embodiment, just drop into the method (batch processing) of all raw materials that mixed the regulation ratio during with beginning, carry out the mass production experiment of 5.2 tons of total amounts.The mixing example 1 of raw material ratio of mixture and embodiment 6, mix example 5, mix example 6, to mix example 9 identical, the kind bacterium of microorganism is bamboo native country bacterium or the fermentation fertilizer that obtains in embodiment 4.Also in the mixing example 5 of embodiment 6, carried out the experiment that divides 3 input raw materials 3 hours at interval in addition.Raw material stirs stirring with about 3 days 1 time frequency after dropping into, and the result is that through about 1 month, fermentation ends was passed through about 1 month maturation afterwards, obtains the fermentation fertilizer the same with the situation of embodiment 6.In addition,, change the kinds of raw material bamboo shoots into true bamboo from Meng Zongzhu, experimentize, obtain same result with the ratio of mixture the same with mixing example 5.
[industrial applicibility]
The present invention is as the primary raw material Composting take bamboo shoots skin and tender bamboo, old bamboo, the method of manufacturing fermentation fertilizer can be used for the bamboo shoots skin that the poach processing factory on bamboo shoots is produced and follows the tender bamboo of bamboo grove management generation, processing and effective utilization that old bamboo carries out discarded object.
Claims (4)
1. the manufacture method of a fermentation fertilizer, it is characterized in that, at least a kind of useful microorganism is mixed with the composting material that with bamboo shoot skins and/or tender bamboo is main raw material, wherein, described useful microorganism is any kind in bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas, red bacterium genus, streptomyces, pichia genus, Saccharomycodes, the Aspergillus; The shared ratio of bamboo shoot skins in the described composting material and/or tender bamboo is more than or equal to 5%, and then the ratio that adds behind the old bamboo is more than or equal to 50%.
2. the manufacture method of fermentation fertilizer according to claim 1 in above-mentioned composting material, is added at least a kind in fermentation accelerant, moisture adjuster and the microbial nutrition agent.
3. the manufacture method of a fermentation fertilizer, it comprises the 1st operation: be in the composting material of main raw material with bamboo shoot skins and/or tender bamboo, add at least a kind of useful microorganism, wherein, described useful microorganism is a bacillus, Rhodopseudomonas, red bacterium belongs to, streptomyces, pichia belongs to, Saccharomycodes, any kind in the Aspergillus, further add fermentation accelerant, in moisture adjuster and the microbial nutrition agent at least a kind, mix and stir, wherein, the shared ratio of bamboo shoot skins in the described composting material and/or tender bamboo is more than or equal to 5%, and then the ratio that adds behind the old bamboo is more than or equal to 50%; The 2nd operation: after the 1st operation repeatedly appending of above-mentioned composting material mix and stir stirring repeatedly; The 3rd operation: stop appending of above-mentioned composting material, stir stirring repeatedly repeatedly; With the 4th operation: place at normal temperatures after the 3rd operation.
4. use the fermentation fertilizer that each described method is made in the claim 1～3.
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| JP2004111519 | 2004-04-05 | ||
| JP2004111519 | 2004-04-05 | ||
| JP2004-111519 | 2004-04-05 | ||
| JP2004294264 | 2004-10-06 | ||
| JP2004294264 | 2004-10-06 | ||
| JP2004-294264 | 2004-10-06 |
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| CN1680218B true CN1680218B (en) | 2011-03-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100364935C (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2008-01-30 | 浙江林学院 | Organic-inorganic composite bamboo shoot coat fertilizer and its production process |
| JP4698705B2 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2011-06-08 | 株式会社だいち | Fermented fertilizer containing an active ingredient of bamboo and method for producing the same |
| US9441257B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2016-09-13 | Pharvis R&D Korea Co., Ltd. | Method for producing fermented edible plants or edible animal/plants, fermented edible plants or edible animal/plants produced by same, and foods containing same |
| CN102153382B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2013-05-08 | 沈阳科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Composite microbial foliar fertilizer spraying agent and using method thereof |
| CN102153381B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2013-06-19 | 沈阳科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Composite microbial fertilizer and low temperature embedding preparation method thereof |
| CN102153380B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2013-07-24 | 沈阳科丰牧业科技有限公司 | Method for preparing composite probiotic spraying agent |
| CN102491799B (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-10-23 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for preparing agricultural and forestry organic substrate by utilizing abandoned dried bamboo shell |
| CN108130094B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2020-05-05 | 厦门金裕安贸易有限公司 | Sandy soil conditioner and application thereof |
| CN111440032A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-24 | 宁波中荃生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing compound microbial fertilizer |
| CN113402316A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-09-17 | 国家林业和草原局竹子研究开发中心 | Method for rapidly producing organic fertilizer by utilizing bamboo shoot processing waste |
| CN115466150A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-12-13 | 辽宁拓展农业发展有限公司 | Fertilizer containing plant for expelling insects and sterilizing and preparation method thereof |
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| KR20010047520A (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-06-15 | 양경선 | Method for manufacturing an organic fertilizer on the base bamboo |
| CN1316404A (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-10 | 张兴权 | Process for preparing compound biologic organic fertilizer from solid waste |
| JP2001354487A (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-25 | Kankyo Shigen Engineering:Kk | Full-ripe organic fertilizer, method for manufacturing the same and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010047520A (en) * | 1999-11-22 | 2001-06-15 | 양경선 | Method for manufacturing an organic fertilizer on the base bamboo |
| CN1316404A (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-10 | 张兴权 | Process for preparing compound biologic organic fertilizer from solid waste |
| JP2001354487A (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-25 | Kankyo Shigen Engineering:Kk | Full-ripe organic fertilizer, method for manufacturing the same and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
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