CN1669385A - Chemical method for controlling and cultivating high yield high grade asparagus bean - Google Patents
Chemical method for controlling and cultivating high yield high grade asparagus bean Download PDFInfo
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- CN1669385A CN1669385A CN 200510018546 CN200510018546A CN1669385A CN 1669385 A CN1669385 A CN 1669385A CN 200510018546 CN200510018546 CN 200510018546 CN 200510018546 A CN200510018546 A CN 200510018546A CN 1669385 A CN1669385 A CN 1669385A
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Abstract
The chemistry regulation and control cultivate means of the cowpea's high output and good quality is one of the cultivate means of the vegetable crop. Basing on the insufficiency of recent cowpea cultivate means, we dispose the cowpea at seedling stage and florescence by using plant growth regulator such as high yield element, drop-defending element and 1-naphthalene acetic acid, as well as cultivate synthetically by using cultivate measures such as scientific, rational manure and proper planting density, including nursery sock growing, planting, chemical controlled treatment, fertilizer water quality management, branching and wiping bud processes. It makes the output of the cowpea increase quickly, with the average increase production of 19percent to 31percent, the quality improves evidently, the content of ant scorbutic vitamin and reduction sugar increase, and the coarse fiber's content decreases. The invention is fit to different kinds of cowpea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of vegetable crop, specifically relate to the cultivation method of cowpea high-yield, high-quality.
Background technology
At present the cultivation method of cowpea have a variety of, as plastic tunnel cultivation, plastic mulching method, single chemical control method etc.But all there is certain problem in these methods, as plastic tunnel cultivation investment, cost, recruitment height, disease is many, the soil salinization is serious etc.; Although single plastic film mulching cultivation method can improve the output of early stage vegetables, easily lodging and early ageing etc.; And on the chemical regulation method, although plant growth regulator kind and quantity are various at present, the scope of using also relatively extensively, but make a general survey of achievement both domestic and external, most research emphasis is placed on the selection and the effect of single plant growth regulator and estimates, two kinds of little method employings or two or more plant growth regulator match and use, and also few some cultivation steps in conjunction with other match and carry out.
Summary of the invention
The chemical method for controlling and cultivating that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high yield high grade asparagus bean, the deficiency that it exists based on existing cowpea cultivation method, adopt plant growth regulator such as growth promotor for crop, drop-proof agent and methyl, seedling phase and flowering stage at cowpea handle, and in conjunction with scientific and rational fertilizer, suitable cultivation steps such as planting density are comprehensively cultivated, and the output of cowpea is improved greatly, quality be improved significantly.
The present invention be achieved in that comprise grow seedlings, field planting, chemical regulation processing, rich water quality management, training and bud picking operation:
(1) grow seedlings: the nutrition soil that the seedbed is used in growing seedlings is prepared with pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed and garden loam, behind putting nourishing earth in stoup or the paper bag, waters permeablely, can sow after the airing;
(2) field planting: comprise whole ground, use base manure, do furrow, wherein, spray 50% Acetochlor weed killer herbicide on the furrow face, every ridge plantation cowpea 2 row in time drench sufficient normal root water after the field planting;
(3) chemical regulation is handled: the seedling phase phase working concentration that is included in cowpea is the growth promotor for crop of 150-300mg/L, is respectively methyl and the drop-proof agent of 10-30mg/L and 2-8mg/L with concentration in the spray in flowering stage.
(4) rich water quality management:
A, use sufficient base manure, in time topdress,
B, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, an amount of nitrogen fertilizer application,
C, earlier control afterwards and urgees, prevent excessive growth and early ageing, cowpea bloom bear pods before, less demanding to water and fertilizer condition, based on control, during the base manure abundance, generally do not topdress in the management, when weather is arid, can suitably water;
(5) training and bud picking:
A, smear lateral bud and guarantee main climing stalwartness,
B, beat the waist wooden fork and promote to form on the side shoot first inflorescence,
C, pinching promote bottom side shoot bud to form.
In the described operation of growing seedlings, nutrition soil is with pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed and the ratio preparation of garden loam in 4: 6, and the nutrition for preparing is affixed by 0.2-0.5 kilogram two ammonium compound fertilizers again and mixes thoroughly for native every cubic metre, and every alms bowl is broadcast 3 during sowing, earthing 2-3 centimetre, putting into then preserves moisture in the plastic canopy grows seedlings, and feeding block seedlings raising carries out field planting when seedling 2-3 sheet compound leaf, in seedling raising process, to note the management of temperature and moisture, cultivate strong sprout, seedling age was generally 15-20 days, carried out 4-5 days low temperature hardening before the field planting.
In described field planting operation, selected fine warm day to carry out field planting, ground was put in order in field planting in preceding 10 days, and field planting was done furrow in preceding 5 days, and the width of furrow is 1.0m, and the base manure of using comprises urea, superphosphate, potassium sulphate, zinc sulphate, 50% Acetochlor weed killer herbicide of sprinkling is pressed 667m
2Medication 50-75mL converts water 50-60kg, and the density of plantation is 5000-8800 strain/667m
2
In described chemical regulation treatment process, the growth promotor for crop of use is to carry out blade face spray cloth 3 times, and spray in every 7-10 days 1 time is at every turn by every 667m
2The amount of 60L is used, and the methyl of use and drop-proof agent are to adopt spraying inflorescence mode, spray 3-5 time, and spray in per 3 days is once pressed every 667m at every turn
2The amount of 50L is used.
In described rich water quality management operation, the full dose fertilizer practice that adopts nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace element to cooperate, phosphorus potash fertilizer and zinc fertilizer are made base manure and are all applied, 1/3 nitrogenous fertilizer carries out base manure and uses, and remaining 2/3 nitrogenous fertilizer imposes at first flower, spray one time 0.2% boron, molybdenum mixed liquor simultaneously, control moisture early stage, water foot water for the first time when blooming pod, water the water second time again to the middle and later periods that inflorescence forms, see soil moisture content later on, pour water in good time, should keep ground moistening, note the control field humidity again, to avoid taking place disease.
In described training and bud picking operation, A, smear lateral bud and be about to the following lateral bud of stem first inflorescence and all erase, guarantee main climing stalwartness, promote early blossoming, B, climing waist are pruned: the side shoot on above each the joint position of stem first inflorescence, stay the pinching of 2-3 leaf in early days, promote to form on the side shoot first inflorescence, contain the pod after date, on the former joint position of blooming of distance plant top 60-100 centimeters, the side shoot of also can regenerating, also answer pinching to keep the side inflorescence, C, master is climing pinches: main climing length is pinched during to the 2.5m left and right sides, promotes the secondary bud formation on each inflorescence, also is beneficial to and gathers.
The described consumption of base manure of using is by 667m
2Use urea 10-30kg, superphosphate 5-25kg, potassium sulphate 10-30kg, zinc sulphate 2-8kg.
The present invention adopts several different plant growth regulator to control growing of cowpea, that is to say, the application of plant growth regulator, import plant husbandry as an indispensable measure, it and cultivation management, improved variety popularization etc. are combined as a whole, transfer the potentiality of all cultivation factors such as rich water and kind, to arrive the purpose of high yield and high quality.Particularly under the situation of climatic anomaly, can accomplish " promoting in some places and controlling in others short control combination ", solve a little less than the cowpea seedling in early stage, excessive growth in mid-term, fruit drop, problems such as later stage early ageing improve the productive potential of conventional cultivation measures such as seed, chemical fertilizer to greatest extent.The various kinds that are suitable for cowpea.Compare with existing cowpea cultivation method, has remarkable advantages: the first, in the cowpea different growing stage, timely and appropriate discovery utilization several plant growth regulator is kept the hormonal readiness in the body, environment in the regulation and control, with growth of coordination plant and the relation between growth, individuality and colony, colony and the soil climate, final high yield, the stable yields that realizes cowpea, high-quality is with efficient; The second, have complicated interactive relation between plant growth regulator and fertilizer, the density, therefore in conjunction with cultivation steps such as the rational application of fertilizer and science dense planting, the regulation and control external environment giving full play to community superiority, thereby reaches the purpose of high yield and high-quality; Three, from external condition and inner hormone two aspects cowpea is carried out the chemical regulation cultivation management step by step, realize dual control growing growth, accomplish " day short people's control, it is short that a people is controlled in the sky ".Its advantage is:
1, this method system, comprehensive strong, chemical regulation and conventional cultivation measure are organically combined;
2, increase yield significantly uses this method cowpea on average to increase production between the 19%-31%;
3, quality is improved, and obviously improves the content of vitamin C and reducing sugar, reduces coarse-fibred content;
4, can reduce the cost of cowpea cultivation significantly, improve the output of cowpea greatly, improve the inside and outside quality of cowpea, the input-output ratio of using this technology is 1: 32, can raise labour productivity greatly and economic benefit.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment:
(1) grow seedlings: nutrition available pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed of soil and garden loam that the seedbed is used are prepared in 4: 6 ratio.Every cubic metre in the nutrition for preparing soil is affixed by 0.2-0.5 kilogram two ammonium compound fertilizers again and mixes thoroughly, behind putting nourishing earth in stoup or the paper bag, water permeable, airing 1-2 days, sow when moisture is suitable, every alms bowl is broadcast 3, earthing 2-3 centimetre, putting into then preserves moisture in the plastic canopy grows seedlings feeding block seedlings raising, when seedling 2-3 sheet compound leaf, carry out field planting, will note the management of temperature and moisture in seedling raising process, cultivate strong sprout, seedling age was generally 15-20 days, preferably carry out 4-5 days low temperature hardening before the field planting, select fine warm sky to carry out field planting;
(2) field planting: put in order ground, 667m in preceding 10 days in field planting
2Use urea 10-30kg, superphosphate 5-25kg, potassium sulphate 10-30kg, zinc sulphate 2-8kg, field planting was done the wide furrow of 1.0m in preceding 5 days, sprayed 50% Acetochlor weed killer herbicide, 667m on the furrow face
2Medication 50-75mL converts water 50-60kg, every ridge plantation cowpea 2 row, and density is 5000-8800 strain/667m
2In time drench sufficient normal root water after the field planting;
(3) chemical regulation: at seedling phase to the early flowering season of cowpea working concentration is the growth promotor for crop of 150-300mg/L, carries out blade face spray cloth 3 times, and spray in every 7-10 days 1 time is at every turn by every 667m
2The amount of 60L is used, and sprays methyl and the drop-proof agent that is respectively 10-30mg/L and 2-8mg/L with concentration in flowering stage, adopts spraying inflorescence mode, sprays 3-5 time, and spray in per 3 days once.Each by every 667m
250 liters amount is used;
(4) water and fertilizer management: must pay attention to base manure and using of topdressing, the full dose fertilizer practice that should adopt nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace element to cooperate.Phosphorus potash fertilizer and zinc fertilizer are made base manure and are all applied, and 1/3 nitrogenous fertilizer carries out base manure to be used, and remaining 2/3 nitrogenous fertilizer imposes at first flower, sprays one time 0.2% boron, molybdenum mixed liquor simultaneously.Early stage, rich water was too sufficient, it is vigorous then to nourish and grow, and causes inflorescence few, the delay of bearing pods of blooming, will control moisture early stage as far as possible, water foot water for the first time when blooming pod, middle and later periods of forming of inflorescence is watered water for the second time more by the time, sees soil moisture content later on, pour water in good time, should keep ground moistening, note the control field humidity again, to avoid taking place disease.
(5) training and bud picking: it is to nourish and grow in order to regulate that the cowpea plant is repaired, and promotes to bloom and bears pods, and A, smears lateral bud and is about to the following lateral bud of stem first inflorescence and all erases, and guarantees main climing stalwartness, promotes early blossoming; B, climing waist are pruned: the side shoot on above each the joint position of stem first inflorescence, stay the pinching of 2-3 leaf in early days, and promote to form on the side shoot first inflorescence, contain the pod after date, on the former joint position of blooming of distance plant top 60-100 centimeters, the side shoot of also can regenerating also answers pinching to keep the side inflorescence; C, master is climing pinches: main climing length is pinched during to the 2.5m left and right sides, promotes the secondary bud formation on each inflorescence, also is beneficial to and gathers.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of chemical method for controlling and cultivating of high yield high grade asparagus bean, comprise grow seedlings, field planting, chemical regulation processing, rich water quality management, training and bud picking operation:
(1) grow seedlings: the nutrition soil that the seedbed is used in growing seedlings is prepared with pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed and garden loam, behind putting nourishing earth in stoup or the paper bag, waters permeablely, can sow after the airing;
(2) field planting: comprise whole ground, use base manure, do furrow, wherein, spray 50% Acetochlor weed killer herbicide on the furrow face, every ridge plantation cowpea 2 row in time drench sufficient normal root water after the field planting;
(3) chemical regulation is handled: the seedling phase phase working concentration that is included in cowpea is the growth promotor for crop of 150-300mg/L, is respectively methyl and the drop-proof agent of 10-30mg/L and 2-8mg/L with concentration in the spray in flowering stage;
(4) rich water quality management:
A, use sufficient base manure, in time topdress,
B, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer, an amount of nitrogen fertilizer application,
C, earlier control afterwards and urgees, prevent excessive growth and early ageing, cowpea bloom bear pods before, less demanding to water and fertilizer condition, based on control, during the base manure abundance, generally do not topdress in the management, when weather is arid, can suitably water;
(5) training and bud picking:
A, smear lateral bud and guarantee main climing stalwartness,
B, beat the waist wooden fork and promote to form on the side shoot first inflorescence,
C, pinching promote bottom side shoot bud to form.
2, the chemical method for controlling and cultivating of a kind of high yield high grade asparagus bean according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described operation of growing seedlings, nutrition soil is prepared in 4: 6 ratio with pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed and garden loam, every cubic metre in the nutrition for preparing soil is affixed by 0.2-0.5 kilogram two ammonium compound fertilizers again and mixes thoroughly, every alms bowl is broadcast 3 during sowing, earthing 2-3 centimetre, putting into then preserves moisture in the plastic canopy grows seedlings, feeding block seedlings raising, when seedling 2-3 sheet compound leaf, carry out field planting, in seedling raising process, will note the management of temperature and moisture, cultivate strong sprout, seedling age was generally 15-20 days, carried out 4-5 days low temperature hardening before the field planting.
3, the chemical method for controlling and cultivating of a kind of high yield high grade asparagus bean according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described field planting operation, select fine warm sky to carry out field planting, ground was put in order in field planting in preceding 10 days, furrow were done in field planting in preceding 5 days, the width of furrow is 1.0m, and the base manure of using comprises urea, superphosphate, potassium sulphate, zinc sulphate, and 50% Acetochlor weed killer herbicide of sprinkling is pressed 667m
2Medication 50-75mL converts water 50-60kg, and the density of plantation is 5000-8800 strain/667m
2
4, the chemical method for controlling and cultivating of a kind of high yield high grade asparagus bean according to claim 1 is characterized in that in described chemical regulation treatment process, and the growth promotor for crop of use is to carry out blade face spray cloth 3 times, and spray in every 7-10 days 1 time is at every turn by every 667m
2The amount of 60L is used, and the methyl of use and drop-proof agent are to adopt spraying inflorescence mode, spray 3-5 time, and spray in per 3 days is once pressed every 667m at every turn
2The amount of 50L is used.
5, the chemical method for controlling and cultivating of a kind of high yield high grade asparagus bean according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described rich water quality management operation, adopt nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the full dose fertilizer practice that trace element cooperates, phosphorus potash fertilizer and zinc fertilizer are made base manure and are all applied, 1/3 nitrogenous fertilizer carries out base manure and uses, and remaining 2/3 nitrogenous fertilizer imposes at first flower, spray one time 0.2% boron simultaneously, the molybdenum mixed liquor, control moisture early stage, waters the foot water first time when blooming pod, middle and later periods to inflorescence formation is watered the water second time again, see soil moisture content later on, pour water in good time, should keep ground moistening, note the control field humidity again, to avoid taking place disease.
6, the chemical method for controlling and cultivating of a kind of high yield high grade asparagus bean according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described training and bud picking operation, A, smearing lateral bud is about to the following lateral bud of stem first inflorescence and all erases, guarantee main climing stalwartness, promote early blossoming, B, climing waist is pruned: the side shoot on above each the joint position of stem first inflorescence, stay the pinching of 2-3 leaf in early days, promote to form first inflorescence on the side shoot, contain the pod after date, on the former joint position of blooming of distance plant top 60-100 centimeters, the side shoot of also can regenerating also answers pinching to keep side inflorescence, C, master is climing pinches: pinch when leading climing length to the 2.5m left and right sides, promote the secondary bud on each inflorescence to form, also be beneficial to and gather.
7, the chemical method for controlling and cultivating of a kind of high yield high grade asparagus bean according to claim 3 is characterized in that at the described consumption of base manure of using by 667m
2Use urea 10-30kg, superphosphate 5-25kg, potassium sulphate 10-30kg, zinc sulphate 2-8kg.
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101874450A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-03 | 中国农业大学 | Method for improving Vc content in tomato fruit in soilless culture |
| CN101491196B (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2011-08-31 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Needle-picking bud-nipping method of budding raising sprout |
| CN101818211B (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-03-28 | 江苏出入境检验检疫局动植物与食品检测中心 | Molecule detection method for cowpea severe mosaic virus |
| CN103355092A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-10-23 | 吴洁远 | Healthy cowpea cultivating method based on disease, pest and pollution prevention and control |
| CN103766123A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-07 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method for planting asparagus beans |
| CN103798017A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for planting cowpeas |
| CN104115642A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-29 | 和县海豪蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Asparagus bean cultivation method |
| CN104285646A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-21 | 江汉大学 | Early spring cultivation method of asparagus bean |
| CN105103889A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-02 | 贵州省仁怀市欢悦红粱种植有限公司 | Cowpea cultivation method |
| CN105248119A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Method for preventing cowpea seedlings from overgrowing |
| CN105248105A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 昆山帝茗农产品有限公司 | Method for planting vegetables |
| CN105830741A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-10 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Medium maturity cowpea variety outdoor spring sowing planting method |
| CN107211722A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-09-29 | 贵州中魁农业（集团）中林农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cowpea implantation methods |
| CN108782091A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-11-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A method of improving South China's asparagus bean breeding yield |
| CN109729804A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 丽水学院 | A kind of asparagus bean N P and K balanced fertilizing method |
| CN110235733A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-17 | 陈源雄 | Utilize the method for Small plastic shed plantation cowpea |
| CN113068586A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Autumn delayed open field cultivation method for late-maturing asparagus bean variety in coastal region of south China |
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2005
- 2005-04-14 CN CNB2005100185460A patent/CN100421540C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101491196B (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2011-08-31 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Needle-picking bud-nipping method of budding raising sprout |
| CN101818211B (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-03-28 | 江苏出入境检验检疫局动植物与食品检测中心 | Molecule detection method for cowpea severe mosaic virus |
| CN101874450A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-03 | 中国农业大学 | Method for improving Vc content in tomato fruit in soilless culture |
| CN103355092A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-10-23 | 吴洁远 | Healthy cowpea cultivating method based on disease, pest and pollution prevention and control |
| CN103798017B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2016-03-02 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of cowpea |
| CN103798017A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for planting cowpeas |
| CN103766123A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-07 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method for planting asparagus beans |
| CN104115642A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-29 | 和县海豪蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Asparagus bean cultivation method |
| CN104115642B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-03-02 | 和县海豪蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | The cultivation method of a kind of asparagus bean |
| CN104285646A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-21 | 江汉大学 | Early spring cultivation method of asparagus bean |
| CN105103889A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-02 | 贵州省仁怀市欢悦红粱种植有限公司 | Cowpea cultivation method |
| CN105248105A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 昆山帝茗农产品有限公司 | Method for planting vegetables |
| CN105248119A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-20 | 和县聂兴圩蔬菜种植有限责任公司 | Method for preventing cowpea seedlings from overgrowing |
| CN105830741A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-10 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Medium maturity cowpea variety outdoor spring sowing planting method |
| CN107211722A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-09-29 | 贵州中魁农业（集团）中林农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cowpea implantation methods |
| CN108782091A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-11-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A method of improving South China's asparagus bean breeding yield |
| CN108782091B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2020-11-24 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving seed reproduction yield of asparagus bean in south China |
| CN109729804A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-10 | 丽水学院 | A kind of asparagus bean N P and K balanced fertilizing method |
| CN110235733A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-09-17 | 陈源雄 | Utilize the method for Small plastic shed plantation cowpea |
| CN113068586A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Autumn delayed open field cultivation method for late-maturing asparagus bean variety in coastal region of south China |
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