CN114365653B - Planting method for prolonging marketing time span of Kerison grapes - Google Patents

Planting method for prolonging marketing time span of Kerison grapes Download PDF

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CN114365653B
CN114365653B CN202210079446.2A CN202210079446A CN114365653B CN 114365653 B CN114365653 B CN 114365653B CN 202210079446 A CN202210079446 A CN 202210079446A CN 114365653 B CN114365653 B CN 114365653B
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fertilizer
soil
root
conductivity
fruit
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CN114365653A (en
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董华芳
许延波
张旭东
刘永碧
方印
杨军
彭世逞
郑传刚
董花琴
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Xichang Zimei Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Xichang College
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Xichang Zimei Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Xichang College
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method, in particular discloses a planting method for prolonging the time span of marketing of Kerison grapes, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The planting method for prolonging the marketing time span of the Kerison grapes is simple to operate and low in technical difficulty, and can obviously prolong the marketing time span of the finished grapes. The planting method is based on the existing planting route, and at least realizes prolonging the time span of the sale of the Kerison grapes by strengthening the nutrition supply, enhancing the growth regulation and control and improving the root system quantity of plant soil, wherein when the root system quantity of the plant soil is improved, the pH value is adjusted according to the pH value of the soil, the fertilization type and the fertilization mode are determined according to the conductivity of the soil, and meanwhile, the ridge forming cultivation is carried out on the plant root according to the seasonal climate change to increase the root depth buried in the soil so as to increase the root system quantity of each plant root.

Description

Planting method for prolonging marketing time span of Kerison grapes
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planting method, in particular to a planting method for prolonging the time span of marketing of Kerison grapes, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation.
Background
The Sichang, as a postemergent show for cultivating the Kerison grapes, is developed rapidly even though the development is late, and has become an important cultivation area for the Kerison grapes so far, and the overall quality gradually rises. The West Chang has the natural advantage of unique and thick cultivation of the Keruisen grapes, but the West Chang has the obvious disadvantages of high temperature of 5-6 months, dry before and after rain in the cultivation season, frequent extreme weather, poor weather stability, complex and variable soil physicochemical properties and the like as in other places. Although the overall cultivation technology of growers is improved to a certain extent in recent years, the growers still take experience as the main part and cannot well cope with various changes in production, so that the quality and the yield are unstable, and some of the cultivation techniques are even completely accepted. Particularly, the fruit products are on the market in the same way with the same type of varieties in other places in the mature time, the time of the fruit products on the market is short, and the number of the fruit products on the market in a short time is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the planting method for prolonging the marketing time span of the Kerison grapes is simple to operate and low in technical difficulty, and can obviously prolong the marketing time span of the finished grapes.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a planting method for prolonging the time span of the Kerison grapes on the market is based on the existing planting route, the planting method at least realizes the purpose of prolonging the time span of the Kerison grapes on the market by strengthening the nutrient supply, enhancing the growth regulation and control and improving the root system quantity of plant soil,
when the root system quantity of the plant soil is improved, the pH value is adjusted according to the pH value of the soil, the fertilization type and the fertilization mode are determined according to the conductivity of the soil, and meanwhile, the root system quantity of each plant root is increased by ridging and cultivating the plant roots according to seasonal climate change and increasing the root depth embedded into the soil.
Further, the pH value is adjusted according to the pH value of the soil according to the following steps,
when the pH value is below 5, every 667m 2 100kg-150kg of lime powder is used; when the pH is between 5 and 6, every 667m 2 Using 75kg-100kg lime powder; when the pH value is 6-7, every 667m 2 50kg of lime powder is used;
the adjustment step is that every 667m 2 Mixing one ton of organic fertilizer and lime powder, spreading on soil surface, digging with rotary cultivator to 20cm deep with ridge width of 1-1.5 m and depth of 20-30 cm, and each 667m 2 And (3) fixing the heavy metal in the settled soil by using 10kg-20kg of silicon fertilizer.
In a preferred embodiment of the above method, the determination of the fertilization type and fertilization method based on the conductivity of the soil is performed by the following steps,
when the conductivity is 1ms/cm-2ms/cm, no compound fertilizer is used; when the conductivity is 1 or less, each 667m 2 Using 25kg-50kg of compound fertilizer with the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 19-19-19; when the conductivity of the fruit is more than 2, every 667m 2 5kg of biochemical potassium fulvate is used for irrigating water and is continuously used for 2-3 times;
and after the base fertilizer is applied, the water is dripped into the whole garden for the first time, and simultaneously, every 667m 2 1kg of mineral fulvic acid, 2.5kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 20g of rooting powder and 5kg of calcium magnesium nitrate are dripped to promote flowering and root growth, and each 667m 2 1kg of each zinc borate sulfate was used.
Further, when measuring the conductivity of the soil, the international 2.
The preferable mode of the scheme is that when the nutrition supply is enhanced, a whole set of complete and accurate fertilizer-water system is summarized and obtained on the basis of years of experimental practice, a basic fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period is prepared through a simple substance fertilizer formula on the basis of the fertilizer-water system, then an auxiliary fertilizer is added or reduced on the basis of the basic fertilizer according to the specific requirements of different growth periods to obtain a fertilizer-water formula of the corresponding growth period, the nutrition supply of the corresponding growth period is carried out under the conditions of insisting on the combination of an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer and the monitoring of soil conductivity and pH value, the basic formula comprises two barrels AB as shown in the following table according to different fertilizer properties,
Figure BDA0003485507130000021
further, the conductivity of the soil obtained by monitoring after adjustment is maintained between 1 and 2, the pH value is maintained between 6.5 and 7.5, and the concentration of potassium in the soil is monitored and maintained between 20mg/L and 40 mg/L;
the fertilizing amount in each growth period is 667m per 2 The mother liquid of the barrel A and the mother liquid of the barrel B are respectively controlled by 10L-20L each time, and the mother liquid of the barrel A and the mother liquid of the barrel B are separately drip-irrigated,
wherein, the auxiliary fertilizer added in the mother liquor of the barrel A is 2500g to 5000g of biochemical fulvic acid, and the mixture is chelated and then drip-irrigated; the auxiliary fertilizer added in the B barrel of mother liquor is amino acid fertilizer and/or mineral fulvic acid.
The preferable mode of the scheme is that the growth control is performed, and the time span of the Cleisen grapes on the market is lengthened by controlling the vine support frame shape, controlling the grape cluster shape in the growth process and controlling the grape particle shape and the grape color.
Furthermore, the vine support frame type control is carried out according to the following steps,
adjusting the row spacing to 2m-2.4m on the basis of the existing V-shaped frame, arranging the uppermost iron wire at the middle position of two rows of 190cm-200cm at a position 90cm-120cm away from the ground to form the V-shaped frame with the largest open surface, designing the spacing between the bearing branches to be 8cm-10cm, connecting the branches at two sides of the upper part between the rows, controlling each branch according to 10-12 leaves, 667m 2 The ear retention amount is 4000 to 5000 bunches of ears, 667m 2 The yield is between 3500kg and 4000 kg;
then, at the beginning of the second month at the bottom of the first month every year, using 16 times of 50% cyanamide, performing dormancy breaking treatment according to the using specification of the cyanamide to promote buds to bud early, and spraying moisture to branches by using a single-hole spray head, and meanwhile, matching with a root dormancy breaking and root system activating measure;
the root dormancy breaking measures are as follows: adopting a silver gray mulching film to cover and increase the ground temperature, wherein the grape rows are required to be fully covered, and 30cm in the middle of the two rows are not covered with a mulching film; then dripping water for one time, 667m according to the difference of soil conductivity 2 5kg-10kg of calcium magnesium nitrate, 5kg-10kg of enzyme bacterial fertilizer, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 2500g of potassium fulvate and 20g-30g of 2% indolebutyric naphthylacetic acid; after the fertilizer is dropped, the conductivity of the soil is measured to be between 1ms/cm and 2ms/cm to promote the uniform flowering of the buds, wherein the mulching film is removed from the whole growth period to the grape harvest
The preferable mode of the above-mentioned means is. The grape bunch type is controlled by flower pulling, physiological fruit dropping in flowering period and bunch type repairing after flowering before secondary expansion in the growth process,
wherein, the treatment of the flower pulling and the physiological fruit dropping in the flowering phase is carried out at the separation phase of the flowering sequence of the Kerison grape, 60 percent of the flowering sequences and spikelets appear in the whole field, and the specific requirements comprise 3mg/L of gibberellin, 300 times of amino acid foliar fertilizer, 1000 times of seaweed foliar fertilizer, 1500 times of 0.01 percent brassin and every 667m 2 30L of water is used, and the supply of rich water is controlled,
when the adversity appears in the flowering phase or the string-type is pulled until the finished product can not be squeezed to full, the fruit is preserved from the root, and the specific method comprises the following steps: 20g-40g of rooting powder for roots in the flowering period, 1kg of mineral fulvic acid and 2500g-5000g of amino acid raw powder, wherein the conductivity of the soil is controlled between 1.2ms/cm and 1.5 ms/cm; if the flowering phase is just in the day of continuous yin, the conductivity of the soil is improved to be between 1.9ms/cm and 2.1ms/cm on the premise of enhancing nutrient supply;
during the three processes of fruit shape and fruit color control including particle elongation, fruit expansion and coloring of grape particles in the growing process, the particle elongation is carried out every 667m after 80% of physiological fruit drop 2 Adopting 15L water with 3.6% benzylaminopurine GA4+7 2ml, amino acid leaf fertilizer 50ml,0.01% brassinolide 10ml, EDTA magnesium 10g for spraying fruit cluster, at the same time rootThe fertilizer is prepared by matching 5000g-7500g/667m of calcium magnesium nitrate with basic fertilizer 2 (ii) a After 5 days of particle elongation protocol, every 667m 2 The fruit is swelled by independently spraying 3.6 percent benzylaminopurine GA4+7 10ml in every 15L of water by using a sprayer, and fertilizing the roots of the fruits on the basis of a basic fertilizer by using 200g of boric acid and 200g of zinc sulfate in a matching manner and using a microbial agent in a matching manner with a fertilizer B to promote fruit swelling; the coloring process is started after the particles expand, and comprises the steps of coloring regulation and control from the front of a sclerote period to the sclerote period, spraying and coloring regulation and control on leaf surfaces and drip irrigation on roots to control color and fertilizer.
Further, the planting method also comprises flower forcing control and canker prevention and treatment during growth.
The flower forcing control is carried out in the first year when the seedlings grow until the branches start to lignify, the specific measures are that the whole plant is sprayed with 15L of water, 20ml of 50% chlormequat chloride and 50g of monopotassium phosphate are used, top leaves and new tips are sprayed in an important mode, the next day, the whole plant is sprayed with 15L of water, 10ml of 2% benzylaminopurine, 50ml of amino acid foliar fertilizer and 20g of boric acid are used, the lower half parts of the branches are sprayed in an important mode, 20g-30g of 2% indolylacetic acid, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 5000g of calcium magnesium nitrate, 200g of boric acid and 5000g of biochemical fulvic acid are used for drip irrigation at the roots for 1-2 times.
The canker prevention and treatment during the growth period is realized by continuously controlling water in rainy days, so that the soil is kept moist, meanwhile, the soil conductivity is adjusted from 1.0-1.5ms/cm to 1.8-2.1ms/cm, and the medium trace elements are sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times and once every 3-5 days on the premise of increasing the trace elements.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the utility model provides a technical scheme is based on current planting route, then through strengthening the nutrition supply, strengthen the regulation and control and improve the plant soil root system volume and realize lengthening the time span that the Kerison grape went on the market, and when improving the plant soil root system volume, carry out the pH value adjustment according to the pH value of soil earlier, confirm fertilization kind and fertilization mode according to the conductivity of soil, carry out the ridging cultivation to the plant root according to season climate change simultaneously and increase the root degree of depth of burying in the soil and increase the root system volume of every plant root. Like this, when adopting this application to provide technical scheme to carry out the cultivation of Kerison grape, only need survey pH value and the conductivity to soil in good time, then carry out the pH valve adjustment according to the result of survey, make the pH value of soil be in appropriate scope, and combine the conductivity of soil to select the fertilization kind and the fertilization mode that adapt to, and carry out ridging cultivation to the plant root according to season climate change and increase the root degree of burying in soil and increase the root system volume that each plant root can effectual extension degree Kerison grape fruit the result is long, reach the mesh with the time span of going to the market of lengthening Kerison grape. Meanwhile, the cultivation method provided by the application is based on the existing planting route, and focuses on soil pH value adjustment, fertilization types and fertilization modes determined according to the conductivity of the soil, so that the cultivation operation is relatively simple, the technical difficulty of cultivation is relatively low, and the cultivation method is suitable for popularization and application in planters.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the planting method for prolonging the marketing time span of the Kerison grapes, which is provided by the invention, has the advantages of relatively simple operation and relatively low technical difficulty and can obviously prolong the marketing time span of the finished grapes. The planting method is based on the existing planting route, realizes the lengthening of the time span of the Kerison grape appearing on the market at least by strengthening the nutrition supply, enhancing the growth regulation and control and improving the root system quantity of the plant soil,
when the root system quantity of the plant soil is improved, pH value adjustment is performed according to the pH value of the soil, the fertilization type and the fertilization mode are determined according to the conductivity of the soil, and meanwhile, the root of each plant is increased by ridging and cultivating the root of each plant according to seasonal climate change to increase the root depth of the plant embedded in the soil. The utility model provides a technical scheme uses current planting route as the basis, then through strengthening the nutrition supply, the reinforcing is grown and is regulated and control and improve the time span that the plant soil root system volume realized lengthening the kerrison grape and go to the market, and when improving the plant soil root system volume, carry out the pH value adjustment according to the pH value of soil earlier, confirm fertilization kind and fertilization mode according to the conductivity of soil, meanwhile carry out the ridging cultivation to the plant root according to seasonal climate change and increase the root degree of depth of burying in the soil and increase the root system volume of every plant root. Therefore, when the technical scheme provided by the application is adopted for cultivating the Kersin grapes, only the pH value and the conductivity of soil need to be measured in time, then the pH value is adjusted according to the measured result, the pH value of the soil is in a proper range, the adaptive fertilization type and fertilization mode are selected by combining the conductivity of the soil, ridge forming cultivation is carried out on the plant roots according to seasonal climate change, the root depth of the soil is increased to increase the root system quantity of each plant root, the result duration of the Kersin grape fruits with the degree of extension can be effectively prolonged, and the purpose of prolonging the time span of the Kersin grapes on the market is achieved. Meanwhile, the cultivation method provided by the application is based on the existing planting route, and focuses on soil pH value adjustment, fertilization types and fertilization modes determined according to the conductivity of the soil, so that the cultivation operation is relatively simple, the technical difficulty of cultivation is relatively low, and the cultivation method is suitable for popularization and application in planters.
In the above embodiment, in order to improve the operability of the solution of the present application, and to be more mastered by the grower, the present application is performed according to the following steps when adjusting the pH of the soil,
when the pH value is below 5, every 667m 2 100kg-150kg of lime powder is used; when the pH is between 5 and 6, every 667m 2 Using 75kg-100kg lime powder; when the pH value is 6-7, every 667m 2 50kg of lime powder is used;
the adjustment step is that every 667m 2 Mixing one ton of organic fertilizer and lime powder, spreading on soil surface, and digging with rotary cultivator to form ridge with depth of 20cm, ridge width of 1-1.5 m, and ridge depth of 20-30 cm, wherein each 667m 2 And (3) fixing the heavy metal in the settled soil by using 10kg-20kg of silicon fertilizer. Correspondingly, the fertilization type and the fertilization mode are determined according to the conductivity of the soil according to the following steps,
when the conductivity is 1ms/cm-2ms/cm, no compound fertilizer is used; when the conductivity is below 1, 25kg-50kg of compound fertilizer with the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 19-19-19 is used for every 667m < 2 >; when the conductivity of the fruits is more than 2, 5kg of biochemical fulvic acid potassium is used for each 667m < 2 >, water is filled, and the steps are carried out continuously for 2-3 times;
and after the base fertilizer is applied, the water is dripped into the whole garden for the first time, and simultaneously, every 667m 2 1kg of mineral fulvic acid, 2.5kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 20g of rooting powder and 5kg of calcium magnesium nitrate are dripped to promote flowering and root growth, and each 667m 2 1kg of each zinc borate sulfate was used. Similarly, when the conductivity of the soil is measured by adopting the international general measuring method 2.
Further, in order to provide a relatively standard base formula fertilizer, when nutrition supply is enhanced, a whole set of complete and accurate fertilizer-water system is summarized and obtained on the basis of years of experimental practice, a base fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period is prepared through a simple substance fertilizer formula on the basis of the fertilizer-water system, then an auxiliary fertilizer is added or reduced according to specific requirements of different growth periods on the basis of the base fertilizer to obtain a fertilizer-water formula of the corresponding growth period, and nutrition supply of the corresponding growth period is carried out under the conditions that an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer are combined and soil conductivity and pH value are monitored, wherein the base formula comprises two barrels AB as follows according to different fertilizer properties:
Figure BDA0003485507130000061
meanwhile, the conductivity of the soil obtained by monitoring after adjustment is maintained between 1 and 2, the pH value is maintained between 6.5 and 7.5, and the concentration of potassium in the soil is monitored to be maintained between 20mg/L and 40 mg/L;
fertilizing amount per 667m in each growth period 2 The mother liquid of the barrel A and the mother liquid of the barrel B are respectively controlled by 10L-20L each time, and the mother liquid of the barrel A and the mother liquid of the barrel B are separately drip-irrigated,
wherein, the auxiliary fertilizer added in the mother liquor of the barrel A is 2500g to 5000g of biochemical fulvic acid, and the mixture is chelated and then drip-irrigated; the auxiliary fertilizer added in the mother liquor of the B barrel is amino acid fertilizer and/or mineral source fulvic acid.
Meanwhile, the time span of the Christian grape to be on the market is lengthened through the control of the vine support frame type, the grape string type control in the growth process and the control of the fruit shape and the fruit color of grape particles when the growth is regulated. More specifically, the technical means is that the vine support frame control is carried out according to the following steps,
adjusting the row spacing to 2m-2.4m on the basis of the existing V-shaped frame, arranging the uppermost iron wire at the middle position of two rows of 190cm-200cm at a position 90cm-120cm away from the ground to form the V-shaped frame with the largest open surface, designing the spacing between the bearing branches to be 8cm-10cm, connecting the branches at two sides of the upper part between the rows, controlling each branch according to 10-12 leaves, 667m 2 The amount of remaining ears is 4000 to 5000 bunches of ears 667m 2 The yield is between 3500kg and 4000 kg;
then, at the beginning of the second month at the bottom of the first month every year, using 16 times of 50% cyanamide, performing dormancy breaking treatment according to the standard of the cyanamide to promote the buds to be aligned and early, spraying moisture on the branches by using a single-hole spray head, and simultaneously matching with a root dormancy breaking and root activating measure;
the root dormancy breaking measures are as follows: the ground temperature is improved by covering with a silver gray mulching film, the grape rows are required to be fully covered, and the middle of the two rows is not covered with a mulching film for 30 cm; then dripping water once for 667m according to the difference of soil conductivity 2 5kg-10kg of calcium magnesium nitrate, 5kg-10kg of enzyme bacterial fertilizer, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 2500g of potassium fulvate and 20g-30g of 2% indolebutyric naphthylacetic acid; and after the fertilizer is dropped, measuring the conductivity of the soil to be between 1ms/cm and 2ms/cm to promote the uniform and good buds, wherein the mulching film is removed from the whole growth period until the grapes are harvested. Correspondingly, the grape bunch type is controlled by flower pulling, physiological fruit dropping in the flowering period and bunch type repairing after flowers before secondary expansion in the growth process,
wherein, the treatment of the flower pulling and the physiological fruit dropping in the flowering phase is carried out at the separation phase of the flowering sequence of the Kerison grape, 60 percent of the flowering sequences and spikelets appear in the whole field, and the specific requirements comprise 3mg/L of gibberellin, 300 times of amino acid foliar fertilizer, 1000 times of seaweed foliar fertilizer, 1500 times of 0.01 percent brassin and every 667m 2 30L of water is used, and the supply of rich water is controlled,
when the adversity appears in the flowering phase or the string-type is pulled until the finished product can not be squeezed to full, the fruit is preserved from the root, and the specific method comprises the following steps: 20-40 g of rooting powder for roots in the flowering phase, 1kg of mineral fulvic acid and 2500-5000 g of amino acid raw powder, wherein the soil conductivity is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 ms/cm; if the flowering phase is just in the day of continuous yin, the conductivity of the soil is improved to be between 1.9ms/cm and 2.1ms/c on the premise of enhancing nutrient supply;
during the three processes of fruit shape and fruit color control including particle elongation, fruit expansion and coloring of grape particles in the growing process, the particle elongation is carried out every 667m after 80% of physiological fruit drop 2 Adopting 15L water with 3.6 percent benzylaminopurine GA4+7 2ml, amino acid leaf fertilizer 50ml,0.01 percent brassinolide 10ml and 10g EDTA magnesium for spraying wet fruit ears, and simultaneously applying root fertilizer to the base fertilizer and using calcium magnesium nitrate for every 667m 2 5000g-7500 g; after 5 days of particle elongation protocol, every 667m 2 The method comprises the steps of spraying 3.6% of benayl aminopurine GA4+7 10ml in each 15L of water by using a sprayer, spraying the clusters independently, spraying the clusters to wet, performing fruit swelling, applying fertilizer to the roots, using 200g of boric acid and 200g of zinc sulfate in a matching manner on the basis of a basic fertilizer, and using a microbial agent in a matching manner on a fertilizer B to promote fruit swelling; the coloring process is started after the particles expand, and comprises the steps of coloring regulation and control from the front of a sclerote period to the sclerote period, spraying and coloring regulation and control on leaf surfaces and drip irrigation on roots to control color and fertilizer.
In combination with the prior art, the planting method also includes flower forcing control and canker prevention during growth.
The flower forcing control is carried out when seedlings grow to the beginning of lignification of branches in the first year, the specific measures are that the whole plant is sprayed with 15L of water, 20ml of 50% chlormequat chloride and 50g of monopotassium phosphate are used, top leaves and new tips are sprayed in an important mode, the next day, 15L of water is sprayed with 10ml of 2% benzylaminopurine, 50ml of amino acid foliar fertilizer and 20g of boric acid, the lower half parts of the branches are sprayed in an important mode, 20g-30g of 2% indolylacetic acid, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 5000g of calcium magnesium nitrate, 200g of boric acid and 5000g of biochemical fulvic acid are used for drop irrigation at the roots for 1-2 times;
the canker prevention and treatment during the growth period is realized by continuously controlling water in rainy days, so that the soil is kept moist, meanwhile, the soil conductivity is adjusted from 1.0-1.5ms/cm to 1.8-2.1ms/cm, and the medium trace elements are sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times and once every 3-5 days on the premise of increasing the trace elements.
In summary, the planting method suitable for the Kerison grapes provided by the application can improve the yield of the grapes to 23500kg-4000kg per 667m on the basis of fully ensuring the quality of the grapes. The application provides a technical scheme is through reasonable leaf curtain structure, nutrition supply, growth regulation and control, soil root system regulation and control, string type control, pest control, the accuse of key node. The characteristics of the Kerinsen varieties are fully exerted, the time for selling the commodities can be prolonged to 11 months, the time span for selling the commodities is prolonged as much as possible, the selling pressure is relieved, and the income of farmers is guaranteed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Through years of research and experiments, key factors and key nodes influencing the Kerison grapes are found out, various important parameter standards in the planting process are provided, and a foundation is provided for scientific planting, high yield and high quality.
1. Regulating soil by applying autumn fertilizer, ridging, cultivating and culturing upper root system
Determining the soil pH value adjusting method according to the soil pH value, if the pH value is below 5, every 667m 2 Using 100kg-150kg lime powder, if pH is 5-6, every 667m 2 Using 75kg-100kg lime powder, if the pH value is 6-7, every 667m 2 50kg of lime powder is used per 667m 2 Mixing one ton of organic fertilizer and lime, spreading on soil surface, digging with rotary cultivator to 20cm deep with ridge width of 1-1.5 m and depth of 20-30 cm, and each 667m 2 And (3) fixing the heavy metal in the settled soil by using 10kg-20kg of silicon fertilizer.
Determining the application method of mineral elements in the base fertilizer according to the soil conductivity, if the conductivity is 1ms/cm-2ms/cm, not using compound fertilizer, if the conductivity is below 1, every 667m 2 25kg-50kg of compound fertilizer with the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 19-19-19 is used, and if the conductivity is more than 2, each 667m 2 5kg biochemical fulvic acid potassium is used for irrigation, and water is filled for 2-3 times continuously.
The conductivity is measured by an international general measuring method of 2. At the same time, every 667m 2 1kg of each zinc borate sulfate was used.
After the base fertilizer is applied, the water is dripped into the whole garden for the first time, and simultaneously, every 667m 2 1kg of mineral fulvic acid, 2.5kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 20g of rooting powder, 5kg of calcium magnesium nitrate and flower and root promoting are subjected to drip irrigation.
2. Design of frame type
On the basis of the traditional V-shaped frame, a unique frame conforming to the characteristics of West Chang climate is designed, the row spacing is 2m-2.4m, the first iron wire is arranged at the position 90cm-120cm away from the ground, the uppermost iron wire is arranged between two rows of 190cm-200cm, the V-shaped frame with the largest opening surface is formed, the spacing between the bearing branches is designed to be 8cm-10cm, the branches on the two sides of the upper part between the rows are connected, 10-12 leaves are arranged on each branch, 667m of branches are connected 2 The ear retention amount is 4000 to 5000 bunches of ears, 667m 2 The yield is 3500kg-4000kg.
At the beginning of the second month at the end of the first month every year, 50% cyanamide is used 16 times, dormancy breaking treatment is carried out according to the use specification of the cyanamide, buds can be promoted to be aligned and early, only a single-hole spray head is used for spraying moisture to branches, and meanwhile, measures for breaking dormancy and activating root systems of the roots are matched.
The specific measures for breaking the roots to sleep are as follows: the ground temperature is improved by covering with the silver gray ground film and the ground film, and is improved by 1-2 ℃ compared with the ground temperature of the black film. The grape rows are fully covered, the middle of the two rows is 30cm, and mulching films are not covered. The water is dripped once and is 667m according to the difference of the soil conductivity 2 5kg-10kg of calcium magnesium nitrate, 5kg-10kg of enzyme bacterial fertilizer, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 2500g of potassium fulvate and 20g-30g of 2% indolebutyric naphthylacetic acid. After the fertilizer is dripped, the conductivity of the soil is measured to be between 1ms/cm and 2ms/cm, and the root dormancy breaking measures can promote the buds to be neat and well blossomed. The mulching film can not be removed until the grapes are harvested in the whole growth period.
3. Fertilizer and water management in growing season
On the basis of years of experiment practice of the Xichang Keruisen, a complete set of complete and accurate fertilizer and water system is formed, elemental fertilizers are used in the system according to a formula of the fertilizer, basic fertilizers suitable for being used in the whole growth period are prepared, auxiliary fertilizers are increased and decreased according to specific requirements in different growth periods on the basis of the basic fertilizers, meanwhile, an organic and inorganic combination strategy is adhered to, meanwhile, the conductivity and the pH value of soil are monitored, the conductivity is maintained between 1 and 2, and the pH value is maintained at about 7. The potassium concentration in the soil is maintained at 20mg/L-40mg/L.
The basic formula is divided into two barrels AB and mother liquor preparation according to different fertilizer properties. According to different requirements of soil conductivity, each 667m 2 The mother liquid in the fertilizer AB barrel is respectively used for 10L-20L each time. The fertilizer A and the fertilizer B need to be separately drip-irrigated, 2500g-5000g of biochemical fulvic acid needs to be added into the fertilizer A, and drip-irrigated after chelation, and the barrel B is generally matched with amino acid fertilizer, mineral source fulvic acid and the like for use.
TABLE 1 formula table of fertilizer mother liquor for growth season of Kerissen grape
Figure BDA0003485507130000091
4. String type control scheme
The kerissen string type requirement is that the kerissen is moderately loose and hollow before secondary expansion, and is just squeezed tightly after secondary expansion, if manual fruit thinning is adopted, the cost is high, and the fruit thinning period is 1-2 weeks, so that the fruit thinning workers are deficient. This application adopts the flower drawing, the physiological fruit drop control of flowering phase, and the cluster type is repaiied to the flower back, has guaranteed reasonable cluster type, has reduced the fruit thinning cost of labor, and the specific way is:
in the separation period of the kerrison inflorescences, when 60 percent of inflorescences and spikelet internodes in the whole field begin to elongate, the garland treatment is needed, the specific scheme is that gibberellin is 3mg/L, 300 times of amino acid foliar fertilizer, 1000 times of seaweed foliar fertilizer, 1500 times of 0.01 percent brassin, and each 667m 2 30L of ground water is used, and the fertilizer water supply is ensured.
The flowering time is the key, the physiological fruit drop control in the flowering period is the key, and the control is respectively carried out according to the climate environment and the growth vigor of plants.
If the tree vigor is mediocre, the climate is mild, and the flowering phase ensures that normal rich water can meet the string type requirement; if the adversity appears in the flowering phase or the string-type pulling is very open, fruit preservation needs to be carried out from the root, and accurate judgment needs to be carried out on the whole state. The specific method comprises the following steps: 20g-40g of rooting powder for roots in a flowering period, 1kg of mineral fulvic acid and 2500g-5000g of amino acid raw powder, wherein the conductivity of the soil is adjusted to be 1.2ms/cm-1.5ms/cm through the use of a fertilizer; if the flowering phase is just in the continuous cloudy day, the conductivity of the soil for enhancing nutrient supply is improved to about 2 ms/cm.
5. Particle elongation protocol
The kerrison particles are elongated and can increase the aesthetic appearance. When 80% of physiological fruit dropping of Kerissen ears is finished, spraying 3.6% benzylaminopurine GA4+7 2ml, amino acid leaf fertilizer 50ml,0.01% brassinolide 10ml and EDTA magnesium 10g on 15L water to wet the ears, and simultaneously, applying a root fertilizer on the basis of a basic fertilizer, cooperatively using calcium magnesium nitrate for every 667m 2 5000g-7500g, which can increase the length of fruit grains by 0.5cm-1cm.
6. Fruit swelling scheme
After the particle elongation scheme is implemented for 5 days, fruit swelling can be carried out, 3.6% benzylaminopurine GA4+7 10ml is used for every 15L of water, and the fruit ears are independently sprayed by a sprayer, and the spraying is preferably wet. The root fertilization is matched with 200g of boric acid and 200g of zinc sulfate on the basis of a basic fertilizer, and can be matched with B fertilizer to use a microbial agent to promote fruit enlargement.
7. Scheme for preventing and treating ulcer disease
In 6-7 months, the plants enter into a long rainy day, the transpiration is greatly reduced, but the plants enter into a secondary expansion key period, the demand on nutrients, particularly medium and trace elements, is sharply increased, the plants are very sensitive to mineral nutrient deficiency, and if the nutrients are deficient, the necrosis symptoms of fruit clusters and branches similar to canker can be caused, which is the main cause of the canker summarized by years of tests. The concrete solving method is as follows: and (3) continuously controlling water in rainy days, ensuring the soil to be moist, and increasing the use amount of the calcium magnesium nitrate and the magnesium sulfate to adjust the conductivity of the soil from 1.0ms/cm to 1.5ms/cm to about 2.0 ms/cm. Meanwhile, spraying calcium lactate, magnesium sulfate and chelated microelements on leaf surfaces for 2-3 times, and spraying calcium lactate, magnesium sulfate and chelated microelements once every 3-5 days.
8. Coloring scheme
1. Reduce the temperature of the shed
The greenhouse can be prevented from being colored when the temperature of the greenhouse exceeds 35 ℃ for a long time, and a skylight of 0.8-1.2 meters is arranged on the greenhouse, so that the high-temperature problem can be effectively solved; the length of the greenhouse is controlled below 50 m.
The method is based on a plurality of years of tests and is tested in a large area, and each 667m of the test is carried out before the hard nucleus period and before the hard nucleus period 2 Additional supplementThe magnesium sulfate of 10kg-15kg is filled, the supply of magnesium fertilizer is strengthened, the magnesium deficiency of the leaves in the later period is prevented, the activity of the leaves is ensured, and the method is the basis of coloring.
Coloring regulator use node: in 6 middle of the month, the grape fruit grains begin to be softened and colored, and then coloring promotion measures can be taken, wherein the coloring promotion measures are carried out once every 5 to 7 days and the spraying is carried out for 2 to 3 times. If the product is late-maturing, spraying for 2-3 times, and stopping spraying. If the color is early mature, the color can be completely colored by spraying for 2 to 3 times, and the color can reach the standard of marketing in 8 to 9 months.
2. Color-tone control fertilizer for foliage spraying
Mixing 6ml of acetic acid, 30% of amine fresh, 15ml of ethephon, 10g of EDTA magnesium and 20g of amino acid fertilizer for coloring, and spraying moisture on the whole fruits with leaves, wherein the use time is that the temperature is reduced to below 30 ℃ in the afternoon, and the fruits with leaves are used.
3. Color control fertilizer for root drip irrigation
The proportion of basic fertilizer is gradually reduced by fertilizing the roots, 2500g of monopotassium phosphate and 2500g of potassium sulfate are used, the proportion of phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is enhanced, and meanwhile, 30% ethephon per 667m is subjected to drop irrigation 2 100ml to 200ml of the ground, 2500g to 5000g of potassium fulvate is used in combination, 3 to 4 times, and the treatment is carried out once every 5 to 7 days.
In order to achieve the bright red variety characteristics of grape fruits, the pH value of the soil is adjusted to about 6-7.5 by combining the characteristics of the West Chang soil, 2-3 times of potassium metasilicate is used for settling the soil and toxic components in plants before the fruit hard core period.
For soil with serious acidification and serious standard exceeding of aluminum ions, strong alkaline silicon fertilizer is used for 667m per 667m on the basis of using a large amount of organic fertilizer and lime to improve the soil 2 20kg-40kg, wherein the using amount of the biochemical fulvic acid is increased to 5000g each time in the production process, and the soil is conditioned.
9. Flower forcing scheme
In 7 months of young seedlings in the first year, flower forcing measures can be taken after branches begin to lignify, the second year can be in a high-yield period, the orchard implemented by the application does not need flower forcing treatment after the second year, and natural flower buds are well differentiated.
The flower forcing measures are as follows: spraying 20ml of chlormequat chloride with the concentration of 50% in 15L of water of the whole plant, adding 50g of monopotassium phosphate, mainly spraying top leaves and new tips, spraying 10ml of 2% benzylaminopurine in 15L of water of the next day, adding 50ml of amino acid foliar fertilizer and 20g of boric acid, mainly spraying the lower half parts of branches, and performing drip irrigation on roots for 1-2 times by using 20g-30g of 2% indonaphthylacetic acid, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 5000g of calcium magnesium nitrate, 200g of boric acid and 5000g of biochemical fulvic acid. The bottom 2-3 leaves are removed in month 9.

Claims (8)

1. A planting method for lengthening marketing time span of Kerison grapes is characterized in that: the planting method is based on the existing planting route, realizes the lengthening of the time span of the Kerison grape appearing on the market at least by strengthening the nutrition supply, enhancing the growth regulation and control and improving the root system quantity of the plant soil,
wherein, when the root system quantity of the plant soil is improved, the pH value is adjusted according to the pH value of the soil, the fertilization type and the fertilization mode are determined according to the soil conductivity, meanwhile, the plant root is subjected to ridging cultivation according to seasonal climate change, the root depth embedded in the soil is increased to increase the root system quantity of the root of each plant,
when the nutrition supply is enhanced, a whole set of complete and accurate fertilizer-water system is summarized and obtained on the basis of years of experimental practice, a basic fertilizer suitable for the use in the whole growth period is prepared through a simple substance fertilizer formula on the basis of the fertilizer-water system, then auxiliary fertilizers are added or reduced on the basis of the basic fertilizer according to the specific requirements of different growth periods to obtain a fertilizer-water formula in the corresponding growth period, the nutrition supply in the corresponding growth period is carried out under the conditions of combining organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers and monitoring soil conductivity and pH value, the basic formula of the basic fertilizer comprises an A barrel formula and a B barrel formula according to different fertilizer properties,
the formula of the barrel A comprises 225kg/m 3 50kg/m of calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate 3 60kg/m of urea 3 Potassium nitrate, 4.3kg/m 3 Ferrous sulfate and 5kg/m 3 Citric acid of (a);
the formula of the B barrel comprises 84kg/m 3 63.5kg/m of potassium nitrate 3 20kg/m ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (D) 3 40kg/m of potassium sulfate 3 Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 480g/m 3 Of manganese sulfate, 160g/m 3 Copper sulfate (2), 800g/m 3 Zinc sulfate of 1000g/m 3 Boric acid of (1), 70g/m 3 Ammonium molybdate and 3kg/m 3 Citric acid;
the conductivity of the soil obtained by monitoring after adjustment is maintained between 1 and 2ms/cm, the pH value is maintained between 6.5 and 7.5, and the concentration of potassium in the soil is monitored and maintained between 20 and 40 mg/L;
the fertilizing amount in each growth period is 667m 2 The mother liquid of the barrel A and the mother liquid of the barrel B are respectively controlled by 10L-20L each time, and the mother liquid of the barrel A and the mother liquid of the barrel B are separately drip-irrigated,
wherein, the auxiliary fertilizer added in the mother liquor of the barrel A is 2500g to 5000g of biochemical fulvic acid, and the mixture is chelated and then drip-irrigated; the auxiliary fertilizer added in the mother liquor of the B barrel is amino acid fertilizer and/or mineral source fulvic acid.
2. The planting method for lengthening the time-to-market span of crimson grapes of claim 1, wherein: the pH value is adjusted according to the pH value of the soil according to the following steps,
667m when the pH is less than 5 2 100kg-150kg of lime powder is used; 667m when the pH is between 5 and 6 2 Using 75kg-100kg lime powder; 667m when the pH is between 6-7 2 50kg of lime powder is used;
the adjustment step is every 667m 2 Mixing one ton of organic fertilizer and lime powder, spreading on soil surface, digging with rotary cultivator to 20cm deep with ridge width of 1-1.5m, 20cm-30cm deep, and 667m simultaneously 2 And (3) fixing the heavy metal in the settled soil by using 10kg-20kg of silicon fertilizer.
3. The planting method for lengthening the time-to-market span of crimson grapes of claim 2, wherein: the fertilization type and the fertilization mode are determined according to the soil conductivity by the following steps,
when the conductivity is between 1ms/cm and 2ms/cm, no compound fertilizer is used; 667m when the conductivity is below 1ms/cm 2 25kg-50kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used in proportion19-19-19 compound fertilizer; when the conductivity of the fruit is more than 2ms/cm, every 667m 2 5kg of biochemical fulvic acid potassium is used for irrigating thoroughly, and the operation is continued for 2-3 times;
and after the base fertilizer is applied, the water is dripped into the whole garden for the first time, and simultaneously, every 667m 2 1kg of mineral source fulvic acid is drip-irrigated, 2.5kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 20g of rooting powder, 5kg of calcium magnesium nitrate for promoting flower growth and root growth, and 667m 2 Boric acid and zinc sulfate are used, and the weight of each is 1kg.
4. The planting method for lengthening the time-to-market span of Kerison grapes according to claim 3, wherein: when the conductivity of the soil is measured, the international general measurement method 2.
5. The planting method for lengthening the time-to-market span of a kreisen grape according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein: when the growth regulation is carried out, the lengthening of the time span of the Cleisen grapes on the market is realized by controlling the vine support frame shape, controlling the grape cluster shape in the growth process and controlling the fruit shape and the fruit color of grape particles.
6. The planting method for lengthening the time-to-market span of Kerison grapes according to claim 5, wherein: the vine support frame type control is carried out according to the following steps,
adjusting the row spacing to 2m-2.4m on the basis of the existing V-shaped frame, arranging the uppermost iron wire at the middle position of two rows 190cm-200cm away from the ground at the position 90cm-120cm away from the ground to form the V-shaped frame with the largest open surface, designing the spacing of bearing branches to be 8cm-10cm, connecting two branches at the upper part of the row, controlling each branch according to 10-12 leaves, 667m 2 The amount of remaining ears is 4000 to 5000 bunches of ears 667m 2 The yield is between 3500kg and 4000 kg;
then, at the beginning of the second month at the bottom of the first month every year, using 16 times of 50% cyanamide solution, performing dormancy breaking treatment according to the using specification of the cyanamide solution to promote buds to bud uniformly and early, and spraying moisture on branches by using a single-hole spray head, and meanwhile, matching with a root dormancy breaking and root system activating measure;
the root dormancy breaking measures are as follows: adopting a silver gray mulching film to cover and increase the ground temperature, wherein the grape rows are required to be fully covered, and 30cm in the middle of the two rows are not covered with a mulching film; then dripping water once for 667m according to the difference of soil conductivity 2 5kg-10kg of calcium magnesium nitrate, 5kg-10kg of enzyme bacterial fertilizer, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 2500g of potassium fulvate and 20g-30g of 2% indolebutyric naphthylacetic acid; and after the fertilizer is dropped, measuring the conductivity of the soil to be between 1ms/cm and 2ms/cm to promote the neat and good buds, wherein the mulching film covers the whole growth period until the grapes are removed after harvesting.
7. The planting method for lengthening the time-to-market span of Kerison grapes according to claim 6, wherein: the grape bunch type is controlled by flower pulling, physiological fruit dropping in flowering period and bunch type repairing after flowering before secondary expansion in the growth process,
wherein, the flower-pulling and flowering-stage physiological fruit drop treatment is carried out at the separation stage of the flowering order of the Kerisson grape, 60 percent of flowering order and spikelet appear in the whole field, and the specific requirements comprise 3mg/L of gibberellin, 300 times of amino acid leaf fertilizer liquid, 1000 times of seaweed leaf fertilizer liquid, 0.01 percent of brassin 1500 times of liquid, 667m of liquid 2 30L of water is used, and the supply of rich water is controlled,
when the adverse circumstances occur in the flowering phase or the string type is elongated until the finished product can not be squeezed, the fruit is preserved from the root, and the specific method comprises the following steps: 20g-40g of rooting powder for roots in the flowering period, 1kg of mineral fulvic acid and 2500g-5000g of amino acid raw powder, wherein the conductivity of the soil is controlled between 1.2ms/cm and 1.5 ms/cm; if the flowering phase is just in the day of continuous yin, the conductivity of the soil is improved to be between 1.9ms/cm and 2.1ms/cm on the premise of enhancing nutrient supply;
in the three processes of controlling the fruit shape and the fruit color of grape particles in the growth process, including particle elongation, fruit expansion and coloring, the particle elongation is performed every 667m after 80 percent of physiological fruit drop 2 Adopting 3.6 percent benzylaminopurine GA4+7 ml for 15L water, 50ml amino acid foliar fertilizer, 10ml of 0.01 percent brassinolide and 10g of EDTA magnesium to spray wet clusters, and simultaneously applying root fertilizer to cooperatively use calcium magnesium nitrate per 667m on the basis of basic fertilizer 2 5000-7500 g; after 5 days of the particle elongation protocol, each 667m 2 The fruit swelling method comprises the steps of using 3.6% of benzylaminopurine GA4+7 10ml for every 15L of water, independently spraying fruit ears by using a sprayer, performing fruit swelling, fertilizing roots, and promoting fruit swelling by using 200g of boric acid and 200g of zinc sulfate in a matched manner on the basis of a basic fertilizer and using a microbial agent in a matched manner on a barrel B fertilizer; the coloring process is started after the particles are swelled, and comprises the steps of coloring regulation and control from the front of a sclerosing period to the sclerosing period, spraying color control fertilizer on leaf surfaces and dripping root color control fertilizer.
8. The planting method for lengthening the time-to-market span of crimson grapes of claim 7, wherein: the planting method also comprises flower forcing control and canker prevention and treatment during growth,
the flower forcing control is carried out in the first year when the seedlings grow until the branches start to lignify, the specific measures are that the whole plant is sprayed with 15L of water, 50% of chlormequat 20ml + 50g of monopotassium phosphate, top leaves and new tips are sprayed in a highlight mode, the next day, 15L of water is sprayed with 2% of benzylaminopurine 10ml + 50ml of amino acid foliar fertilizer + 20g of boric acid, the lower half parts of the branches are sprayed in a highlight mode, 20g-30g of 2% of indolenaphthylacetic acid, 2500g of ammonium polyphosphate, 5000g of calcium magnesium nitrate, 200g of boric acid and 5000g of biochemical fulvic acid are dripped on the roots for 1-2 times;
the canker prevention and treatment during the growth period is realized by continuously controlling water in rainy days, so that the soil is moist, meanwhile, the soil conductivity is adjusted from 1.0ms/cm-1.5ms/cm to 1.8ms/cm-2.1ms/cm, and the medium trace elements are sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times and once every 3-5 days on the premise of increasing the trace elements.
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