CN1608587B - 用于控制穿透深度的具有浮动探头的刺破装置 - Google Patents
用于控制穿透深度的具有浮动探头的刺破装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种刺破装置,包括刺破机构、浮动探头、压力顶端。所述刺破机构具有刺破针支架;可滑动连接到刺破针支架上的刺破针保持器;以及连接到刺破针保持器上的刺破针。所述刺破装置的压力顶端接合目标部位并且形成目标部位凸起。浮动探头适合浮动接触目标部位凸起,并且还适合与刺破针支架可操作地相互作用,以控制刺破针进入目标部位凸起的穿透深度。一种用于对目标部位进行刺破的方法,提供包括上述描述的刺破装置,使压力顶端与目标部位接触。然后促使压力顶端朝向目标部位,从而形成目标部位凸起,以便浮动探头浮动在目标部位凸起的表面上。接着对目标部位进行刺破,同时浮动探头与刺破针支架可操作地相互作用,以控制刺破针的穿透深度。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般涉及刺破装置,特别涉及具有穿透深度控制的刺破装置以及相关的使用方法。
背景技术
传统的刺破装置一般具有刚性壳体和可以装备并且发动的刺破针,以暂时从刺破装置的一端突出。例如,传统的刺破装置可能包括安装在刚性壳体内的刺破针,以便所述刺破针可以相对于刚性壳体沿它的纵向轴线移动。刺破针一般是弹簧加载的,并且在弹簧释放时发动,以便穿透(即切开)目标部位(如真皮组织目标部位)。然后,生物流体样品(如全血样品)能够从穿透的目标部位流出,以便收集和分析。传统的刺破装置在授权给Morita的美国专利号5,730,753,授权给Taylor等的美国专利号6,045,567和授权给Douglas等的美国专利号6,071,250中进行了描述,这些专利中的每一篇在此将全文进行参考。
刺破装置通常包括接合目标部位的帽。这种帽具有孔(即开口),在使用过程中,刺破针通过所述孔突出。在使用过程中,帽的远端一般放置成与目标部位接触。帽的远端的剖面能够适合与目标部位接触,如手指,耳垂,前臂和腹部。
当帽与目标部位接触时,在刺破针发动之前,压力通常作用在目标部位。所述压力促使帽靠在目标部位上,在帽的开口内形成目标部位凸起。然后刺破针发动,并穿透目标部位凸起。
但是,当压力作用于靠在目标部位的刺破装置的帽上时,所得到的目标部位凸起的高度依赖于帽开口的尺寸,所作用的压力的大小以及目标部位的各种物理性能(如弹性)而发生很大的变化。在目标部位凸起高度的这种可变性,也会引起刺破针进入目标部位凸起的穿透深度改变。因此,在某些情况下,刺破针可能刺入太深,在其它情况下刺入得不太深,或根本没有刺入。因此,本领域仍然需要提供控制穿过各种高度的目标部位凸起的穿透深度的刺破装置和相关的方法。
发明内容
本发明实施例的刺破装置和有关的方法提供了对穿过各种高度的目标部位凸起的穿透深度的控制。
本发明典型实施例的刺破装置包括刺破机构、压力顶端和浮动探头。刺破机构包括刺破针支架、可滑动连接到刺破针支架上的刺破针保持器和连接到刺破针保持器上的刺破针。压力顶端接合目标部位,并且形成目标部位凸起。浮动探头适合浮动接触目标部位凸起,并且还适合与刺破针支架可操作地相互作用,以控制刺破针进入目标部位凸起的穿透深度。
由于本发明刺破装置的浮动探头适合浮动在目标部位凸起上,因此浮动探头能够为刺破针支架、刺破针保持器和刺破针提供机械反馈,以便穿过各种高度的目标部位凸起的穿透深度基本上是稳定的。在实现上述动作的过程中,浮动探头相对于目标部位凸起固定到刺破针支架的位置,因而提供稳定的穿透深度。
根据本发明的典型实施例,用于对目标部位进行刺破的方法包括提供刺破装置(在本发明中描述的);并且让刺破装置的压力顶端与目标部位接触。然后促使压力顶端朝向目标部位,以形成目标部位凸起,使刺破装置的浮动探头浮动在目标部位凸起的表面上。接着,对目标部位凸起进行刺破,同时浮动探头与刺破针支架可操作地相互作用,以控制刺破针的穿透深度。
附图说明
通过阅读提供了说明性实施方案的以下详细描述,可以更好地理解本发明的特征和优点,这些实施方案利用了本发明的原理,并且,附图中:
图1是本发明典型实施例的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图,刺破装置的浮动探头和刺破机构处在静止位置;
图2是图1的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图,浮动探头和刺破机构处在被放置到准备状态的动作中;
图3A和3B是图1的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图,浮动探头分别接触相对低的目标部位凸起和相对高的目标部位凸起;
图4A和4B是图1的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图,示出刺破针分别穿透相对低的目标部位凸起和相对高的目标部位凸起;
图5A和5B是图1的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图,示出刺破针分别从相对低的目标部位凸起和相对高的目标部位凸起的刺破样品收集后的情况;
图6是本发明另一典型实施例的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图;
图7是本发明另一典型实施例的刺破装置的分解透视图;
图8是图7的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图;以及
图9是流程图,其示出了本发明用于切割目标部位的连续步骤。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明典型实施例的刺破装置100的简化的、示意性的剖视图。刺破装置100包括壳体102,压力顶端104,刺破机构106,浮动探头108,浮动探头弹簧110和触发按钮112。在图1的实施例中,压力顶端104结合到壳体102上。
压力顶端104和浮动探头108一般是圆柱形且具有通孔(分别是104a,108a),但不仅仅限于此。在压力顶端104和浮动探头108内的开口可以是圆形开口、正方形开口、三角形开口、C形开口、U形开口、六边形开口和八边形开口,但不仅仅限于这些形状。
在刺破装置100的使用过程中,压力顶端104对着目标部位(如使用者的真皮组织的目标部位)施加压力,以便压力顶端104接合(接触)目标部位,并促使目标部位在压力顶端104的开口中形成目标部位凸起(在图1中未示出)。
刺破机构106包括刺破针支架114、刺破针保持器116和刺破针118。刺破机构106还包括超程弹簧120和弹射弹簧122。刺破针支架114包括架闩124和刺破针保持器超程停止部件126。另外,压力顶端104具有探头停止表面128。
刺破装置100的浮动探头108适合浮动接触目标部位凸起(在图1中未示出),并且可操作地与刺破针支架114相互配合,以控制刺破针118进入目标部位凸起的穿透深度。但是,浮动探头108能够移动的程度通过浮动探头弹簧110和探头停止表面128得到限制。
在图1的实施例中,浮动探头108的浮动特性是由于浮动探头108可以沿壳体102的纵向轴线滑动。而且,刺破针支架114和刺破针保持器116也相对于壳体102沿相同纵向轴线滑动。另外,刺破针保持器116滑动连接在刺破针支架114上。
超程弹簧120、弹射弹簧122和探头弹簧110构制成以下面描述的方式控制浮动探头、刺破针支架、刺破针保持器的移动和定位。
在超程弹簧120将刺破针118返回到固定的静止位置之前,超程弹簧120和刺破针保持器超程停止部件126使刺破针延伸到目标部位凸起中的可控的穿透深度。在这方面,值得注意的是,刺破针保持器超程停止部件126相对于目标部位凸起的位置通过浮动探头108和刺破针支架114(下面进一步描述)的相互作用进行可操作地设定。因此,浮动探头108能够将对刺破针支架114、刺破针保持器116和刺破针118提供机械反馈,以便穿过各种高度的目标部位凸起的穿透深度被控制,并且基本上是稳定的。
弹射弹簧122控制刺破针支架114的移动。浮动探头弹簧110和探头停止表面128用来控制浮动探头108相对于壳体102移动(即浮动)的程度。弹射弹簧122、超程弹簧120和浮动探头弹簧110的强度一般分别为0.5-1.0lbs,0.2-0.3lbs和大约0.2lbs,但这并不是对其进行限制。
例如,压力顶端104可能由刚性或相对有弹性的可变形的材料形成,其包括弹性体材料、聚合材料、聚氨酯材料、胶乳材料、硅酮材料以及其任何形式的组合,但是不仅仅限于这些材料。浮动探头108可能由任何合适的材料形成,其包括相对刚性材料,如丙稀腈丁二烯苯乙烯塑料、注模塑料、聚苯乙烯和金属材料,但是不仅仅限于这些材料。
刺破装置100的操作和各种特征在图2,3A,3B,4A,4B,5A和5B中示出。图2是刺破装置100的简化的、示意性的剖视图,浮动探头108和刺破机构106处在放置到准备位置(如即将使用之前)的动作中。在准备位置,刺破针支架114通过架闩124、壳体102和触发按钮112之间的相互作用,克服弹射弹簧122的偏压力保持在合适的位置。图2的箭头示出了浮动探头108的推动方向,以便将刺破针支架114放在通过架闩124、壳体102和触发按钮112之间的相互作用,克服弹射弹簧122的偏压力时所处的位置(即,进入准备位置)。但是,刺破装置100能够通过本领域技术人员可得知的任何方法放在准备的位置,例如,可以包括使用外部滑动片(未示出)或柱塞(也未示出)。
图3A和3B是图1的刺破装置的简化的、示意性的剖视图,浮动探头分别接触相对低的目标部位凸起(用B1表示)和相对高的目标部位凸起(用B2表示)。当使用刺破装置100,并且压力顶端104对着目标部位起作用时,在压力顶端104的开口中形成目标部位凸起。例如,目标部位凸起的高度根据目标部位物理特性而变化。但是,在图3A和3B中,浮动探头108静止在目标部位凸起上(在图3A和3B中分别用B1和B2表示),并且可以随着目标部位凸起的表面移动(即浮动),基本上独立于刺破针支架114和壳体102。由于浮动探头随着目标部位凸起的表面浮动,浮动探头108用来控制刺破针118进入目标部位凸起的穿透深度(下面更详细地描述)。本领域技术人员将认识到,在有浮动探头弹簧110的情况下,可以将浮动探头108设计成基本上浮动(保持)在目标部位凸起的表面上。例如,这可以通过选择具有弹簧常数的浮动探头弹簧得以实现,所述弹簧常数不会受到浮动探头的浮动特性的显著影响。
图4A和4B是刺破装置100的简化的、示意性的剖视图,示出刺破针分别穿透图3A和3B的相对低的目标部位凸起B1和相对高的目标部位凸起B2。一旦压力顶端104作用到目标部位上,就形成了目标部位凸起,操作触发按钮112(在图4A中用箭头表示),以释放架闩124。
在弹射弹簧122的力的作用下,架闩124的释放允许刺破针支架114、刺破针保持器116和刺破针118朝目标部位凸起移动(即弹射)。随后,刺破针支架114由于接触浮动探头108而停止。刺破针支架114的惯性可以对着目标部位凸起推动浮动探头,但是这种作用只是瞬时的偏转,而不会对刺破装置的操作产生不利影响。
由于刺破针保持器116的惯性,刺破针保持器116和刺破针118继续朝目标部位凸起移动,导致刺破针118穿透目标部位凸起。这种穿透在图4A和4B中进行描述。一旦刺破针支架114由于接触探头108而停止时,刺破针保持器超程停止部件126就限制刺破针保持器116和刺破针118可能移动的距离(例如0.25-1.5mm的距离)。一旦刺破针支架114停止,刺破针保持器116和刺破针118可能移动的距离称为超程距离。在图1-5B的实施例中,超程距离是一段固定的距离。
由于浮动探头静止在目标部位凸起的表面上,不管目标部位凸起是否是相对高或相对低,并且用来停止刺破针支架114的移动,穿过各种目标部位凸起高度的穿透深度一直被控制着。
图5A和5B是刺破装置100的简化的、示意性的剖视图,示出刺破针分别从图4A和4B的相对低的目标部位凸起B1和相对高的目标部位凸起B2的后刺破样品收集。在刺破针118穿透目标部位凸起之后(图4A和4B所示),超程弹簧120的偏压力使刺破针保持器116和刺破针118移动至合适的位置,其中刺破针118接近或刚好在目标部位凸起的表面之下,例如在目标部位凸起的表面之下大约0.05-0.25mm的深度。图5A和5B示出了从目标部位凸起流出的生物流体样品S(如全血)。所述生物流体样品可以转移到用于分析检验的试验片(未示出)上。
图6是本发明另一典型实施例的刺破装置600的简化的、示意性的剖视图。在图6中,刺破装置600处于准备位置,并且压在目标部位凸起(TB)上。刺破装置600包括壳体602,压力顶端604,刺破机构606,浮动探头608,浮动探头弹簧610和止动锁组件612(用虚线示出了止动锁组件612的弯曲位置)。
刺破机构606包括刺破针支架614、刺破针保持器616和刺破针618。刺破机构606还包括弹射弹簧620,刺破针支架614包括架闩624。
刺破装置600的压力顶端604作为弹性帽描述,如美国临时专利申请号60/426,683描述的帽,这篇文献在此全部作为参考。但是,本领域技术人员可知的任何合适的压力顶端均可以使用在本发明的刺破装置的实施例中。
使用止动锁组件612,以阻止在刺破针支架614弹射之后浮动探头608移动,因而减少刺破针支架和浮动探头之间的冲击力。这可以通过推(在图6中的箭头所示方向)止动锁组件612实现,以便止动锁组件齿部612A接合浮动探头608。一旦止动锁组件齿部612A接合浮动探头608,就阻止浮动探头608移动。进一步推动止动锁组件612,将止动锁组件放置在弯曲位置(图6中用虚线示出的位置),以便能够与架闩624可操作地相互作用。
图7和8分别是本发明另一典型实施例的刺破装置700的分解透视图和剖视图。刺破装置700包括压力顶端702,前壳体704,浮动探头706,接合销708,刺破针710,浮动探头弹簧712,刺破针保持器714、静止调节螺母716,刺破针支架718,弹射弹簧720,减弱弹簧衬垫722,减弱弹簧(decoupling spring)724,后壳体726,触发按钮728,超程弹簧730以及柱塞732。
压力顶端702作为弹性帽的形式示出,如美国临时专利申请号60/426,683描述的弹性帽,这篇文献在此全部作为参考。在图7和8的实施例中,减弱弹簧724与弹射弹簧720成一直线操作。因此,减弱弹簧724与弹射弹簧720在功能上是关联的。
选择减弱弹簧724比弹射弹簧720具有更低的弹簧载荷。例如,减弱弹簧724具有0.1-0.2lbs的平衡弹簧载荷。减弱弹簧724用来减小浮动探头706上的累积力。在没有减弱弹簧724的情况下,浮动探头706上的弹簧力将是浮动探头弹簧712和弹射弹簧720的合力。所述合力将引起浮动探头706处的有效弹簧刚度增大,这将对压力顶端702的工作性能产生不利地影响。但是,减弱弹簧减小了合力,因此消除了这种不利的影响。例如,当弹射弹簧720在使用时延伸,使用减弱弹簧724来减小通过弹射弹簧720对刺破针支架718产生的力。
刺破装置700构造成能够通过柱塞把柄732的缩回放在准备位置。其后,使用触发按钮728来启动刺破针支架718和刺破针保持器714的弹射。
静止调节螺母716适合调节刺破针的静止位置,同时接合销708构造成将浮动探头706锁定在固定的位置。静止调节螺母716允许使用者相对于浮动探头706调节刺破针710的后弹射静止位置。这种调节能够使刺破针顶端放置在如下位置,即能够实现样品转移到与刺破针一体的试验片(未示出)上。在刺破之后刺破针的最佳放置在美国临时专利申请号60/422,228中进行更详细地描述,这篇文献在此全部作为参考。
具有刺破装置700的深度穿透控制通过柱塞把柄732和刺破针保持器714之间的螺纹连接(未示出)得以实现。当柱塞把柄732接触刺破针支架718时,深度控制或超程受到限制。通过调节柱塞把柄732和刺破针支架718之间的距离,能够获得刺破针深度控制。在刺破完成之后,超程弹簧730将刺破针返回至静止位置。
通过使用接合销708能够将浮动探头706锁定在固定位置。将浮动探头放入锁定位置阻止浮动探头的浮动特性。但是,当使用刺破装置700对目标部位进行刺破时,可需要这种锁定位置,从而导致相对扁平(即基本上是扁平)的目标部位凸起。本领域技术人员也认识到,可以设计切入前壳体704的狭槽,以允许浮动探头706沿轴向移动至规定极限。除了其它所述的或所示出的,刺破装置700基本上以与图1-5实施例描述的相同的方式操作。
本领域技术人员应该认识到,本发明的刺破装置大大改善了在刺穿(刺破)位置处的流体样品(如血液样品)的可再现的产生,因为具有一致的刺破针穿透深度。例如,使用刺破装置700对各种真皮组织目标部位进行刺破(即,食指目标部位和手掌目标部位),从而导致产生各种高度的目标部位凸起。虽然目标部位凸起的高度差3mm-4mm,但是穿透深度是一致的,并且血液样品在每个目标部位成功地流出。这有利于借助于流体收集装置(如测验片)进行流体样品的现场测验,刚好在刺破针缩回之后,其被引入在刺破针穿透位置。一致的准确的刺破针深度控制也能减少疼痛。
参考图9,用于刺破目标部位的方法900包括提供上述的本发明的刺破装置。这种刺破装置包括刺破针支架,滑动连接到刺破针支架上的刺破针保持器,连接到刺破针保持器上的刺破针,浮动探头以及用于接合目标部位和形成目标部位凸起的压力顶端。这种刺破装置的浮动探头适合浮动接触目标部位凸起,并且与刺破针支架可操作地相互作用,以控制刺破针进入目标部位凸起的穿透深度,如步骤910所示。
接下来,在步骤920中,刺破装置的压力顶端与目标部位接触。随后,促使压力顶端朝向目标部位,因此在目标部位凸起的表面上形成具有浮动探头浮动(静止)的目标部位凸起,如步骤930所示。
接下来,用刺破针对目标部位凸起进行刺破,同时浮动探头与刺破针支架可操作地相互作用,以控制刺破针进入目标部位凸起的穿透深度,如步骤940所示。如果需要的话,在刺破的过程中,通过使用上述的止动锁组件,能够阻止浮动探头的移动。本领域技术人员将认识到,步骤910,920,930和940实际上在上述的图2-4B中已示出。
应该明白,能够使用本发明的上述实施例的各种可能的替代方案来实现本发明。下面的权利要求限定本发明的范围,在这些权利要求的范围之内的方法和结构和它们的同等方案也属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种刺破装置,包括:
刺破机构,其具有:
刺破针支架;
可滑动地连接到刺破针支架上的刺破针保持器;以及
连接到刺破针保持器上的刺破针;
浮动探头;以及
接合目标部位并且形成目标部位凸起的压力顶端;
其中浮动探头适合浮动接触目标部位凸起,并且构制成与刺破针支架可操作地相互作用,以控制刺破针进入该凸起的穿透深度;
所述压力顶端和所述浮动探头是圆柱形,且具有圆形开口、正方形开口、三角形开口、C形开口、U形开口、六边形开口或八边形开口。
2.如权利要求1所述的刺破装置,还包括:
壳体;
其中,刺破针支架可滑动连接到所述壳体上,刺破针保持器可滑动连接到所述刺破针支架上,并且浮动探头可滑动连接到所述壳体上。
3.如权利要求1所述的刺破装置,其中浮动探头由刚性材料形成。
4.如权利要求1所述的刺破装置,还包括用于对刺破针支架施加偏压力以控制刺破针支架移动的连续设置的弹射弹簧和减弱弹簧。
5.如权利要求1所述的刺破装置,其中穿透深度为0.25至1.5mm。
6.如权利要求1所述的刺破装置,还包括用于阻止在刺破针支架弹射之后浮动探头移动的止动锁组件。
7.如权利要求2所述的刺破装置,其中,刺破机构还包括超程弹簧和弹射弹簧,其中所述壳体包括浮动探头弹簧,并且其中,所述超程弹簧、弹射弹簧和浮动探头弹簧构制成控制浮动探头、刺破针支架和刺破针保持器的运动和定位。
8.如权利要求1所述的刺破装置,其中压力顶端包括探头止动表面。
9.如权利要求1所述的刺破装置,其中刺破针支架包括刺破针保持器超程止动结构。
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NO20044435L (no) | 2005-04-21 |
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CN1608587A (zh) | 2005-04-27 |
IL164696A0 (en) | 2005-12-18 |
JP2005185825A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
KR101157812B1 (ko) | 2012-06-22 |
US20050085839A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
MXPA04010359A (es) | 2005-07-05 |
AU2004222739A1 (en) | 2005-05-05 |
CA2485394A1 (en) | 2005-04-20 |
SG131939A1 (en) | 2007-05-28 |
CA2485394C (en) | 2013-07-23 |
RU2004130732A (ru) | 2006-03-20 |
IL164696A (en) | 2009-12-24 |
ES2329900T3 (es) | 2009-12-02 |
EP1527736B1 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
TW200526177A (en) | 2005-08-16 |
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