CN1572902A - 高纯度烷基镓的制备 - Google Patents
高纯度烷基镓的制备 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1572902A CN1572902A CN200410055074.1A CN200410055074A CN1572902A CN 1572902 A CN1572902 A CN 1572902A CN 200410055074 A CN200410055074 A CN 200410055074A CN 1572902 A CN1572902 A CN 1572902A
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- gallium
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- alkyl
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- -1 alkyl gallium Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 3
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 abstract 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010210 aluminium Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000927 vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 4
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical group CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNLZIZAQLLYXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C)C(C)=CC=C21 QNLZIZAQLLYXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQMUGNMMFTYOHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxynaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC)=CC=CC2=C1 NQMUGNMMFTYOHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC=CC2=C1 QPUYECUOLPXSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N durene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C=C1C SQNZJJAZBFDUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003797 solvolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylgallium Chemical compound CC[Ga](CC)CC RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GMVJKSNPLYBFSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-tribromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1Br GMVJKSNPLYBFSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFBZUNYJMVNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(CC(C)C)C(CC(C)C)=CC=C21 KKFBZUNYJMVNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQONPSCCEXUXTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1Br WQONPSCCEXUXTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLPFBVXTEJUIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethylanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=C(C)C(C)=CC=C3C=C21 PLPFBVXTEJUIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYTKCJHHXQVFCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,8-trimethylnaphthalene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=CC(C)=CC(C)=C21 XYTKCJHHXQVFCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTPNRXUCIXHOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloronaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(Cl)=CC=CC2=C1 JTPNRXUCIXHOKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRSRUYVJULRMRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12 BRSRUYVJULRMRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYDMICQAKLQHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 IYDMICQAKLQHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)C)=CC=C21 XSAYZAUNJMRRIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGAXMJGZDOJFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)C(=O)CC.C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12 Chemical compound C(C)C(=O)CC.C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12 GGAXMJGZDOJFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910005540 GaP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indium phosphide Chemical compound [In]#P GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000661 Mercury cadmium telluride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XILYOLONIFWGMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;dihydrochloride Chemical group Cl.Cl.C1=CC=CC=C1 XILYOLONIFWGMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCMSPRNYOJJPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium;mercury;tellurium Chemical compound [Cd]=[Te]=[Hg] MCMSPRNYOJJPIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium phosphide Chemical compound [Ga]#P HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHUXFIPODALNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylpropyl)gallane Chemical compound CC(C)C[Ga](CC(C)C)CC(C)C JHUXFIPODALNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
在其沸点比三烷基镓的沸点至少高10℃的溶剂如均三甲苯或邻二氯苯中,通过卤化镓或烷基镓和三烷基铝反应制备三烷基镓。以高产率得到高纯度的烷基镓。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制备用于制备复合半导体材料的烷基镓化合物的方法。
背景技术
在电子工业中,复合半导体材料如砷化镓、磷化铟、磷化镓和碲化汞镉由于在微波振荡器、半导体发光二极管、激光、红外传感仪等方面得到应用而在电子工业中公知。在现有技术中,通常通过在结晶基材上形成至少一个活性层的汽相外延(VPE)法而制备这些材料。从现有技术可知,通过使元素M的三烷基化合物和元素Q的气态化合物通常是氢化物反应的VPE方法能够制备由式MQ表示的复合半导体,其中,M是第III族的元素,Q是第V族的元素。
VPE方法在例如通过Ga(CH3)3和AsH3制备砷化镓中是有利的。因此,对于半导体材料的制备来说,有机金属化合物,特别是第III族元素的三烷基化合物如三甲基镓和三甲基铟变得很重要。
通过有机金属化合物的外延生长法获得的复合半导体的质量在很大程度上取决于起始有机金属化合物的纯度。这是因为在有机金属化合物中的杂质对半导体的电学和光学特性具有相当大的负面影响。
另一方面,在有机金属化合物的制备中,使用有机溶剂,通常是烃类化合物,仅仅是为了均匀反应。然而,在反应过程中,溶剂可能会部分分解。在分解产物之中,沸点与有机金属化合物的沸点接近的烃碎片(称为沸点接近的烃)会夹带在有机金属化合物上。
而当代工业需要高纯度的有机金属化合物,所以夹杂上述分解产物,特别是夹杂沸点接近的烃时需要随后的纯化步骤,这意味着增加额外成本。有时候,它们难于分离。
不能从有机金属化合物中脱除的沸点接近的烃被认为是十分有害的,因为它们能够在任何由有机金属化合物形成的薄膜中生成碳夹杂物。
在本领域中,使用卤化镓和烷基铝化合物作为反应物制备烷基镓化合物是已知的。参见J.Am.Chem.Soc.,84,3606(1962)。用于上述反应的溶剂包括饱和烃类如戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷、癸烷和十六烷,芳烃如苯、甲苯和二甲苯(参见JP-A2002-533348),和煤油、汽油和液体石蜡。然而,使用这些溶剂,妨碍了高纯度烷基镓的回收,因为当通过蒸馏回收烷基镓时,副反应产生的烃,特别是具有5-8个碳原子的烃和苯难以分离。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供制备高纯度烷基镓的方法,所述烷基镓没有源于反应所用的溶剂的烃杂质。
现已发现,在用卤化镓和烷基铝制备烷基镓时,使用特定溶剂可保证以高收率顺利制备不含源于溶剂的烃杂质的高纯度烷基镓。
因此,本发明提供一种制备烷基镓的方法,包括使式(1)的化合物和式(2)的化合物反应形成式(3)的烷基镓的步骤:
R1 3-mGaXm-3 (1)
其中R1是一价烃基,X是卤素原子,m是0-3的整数,
R2 3A1 (2)
其中R2是具有1-2个碳原子的烷基,
GaR2 3 (3)
其中R2定义如上。在该反应中,由式(4)表示的沸点比式(3)的有机金属化合物(或烷基镓)的沸点至少高10℃的化合物用作溶剂:
R3 nAr (4)
其中R3在各种情况下独立地是氢、甲基、取代或未取代的具有6-16个碳原子的芳基或亲电子的取代基,Ar是取代或未取代的具有6-16个碳原子的芳基,n是1-14的整数,前提是当全部R3是甲基时,n是2-6的整数。
具体实施方式
简要地说,根据本发明制备式(3)的烷基镓的方法包括在沸点比式(3)的烷基镓的沸点高至少10℃的溶剂中使式(1)的化合物和式(2)的化合物反应。
R1 3-mGaXm-3 (1)
R2 3A1 (2)
GaR2 3 (3)
在式(1)中,R1是一价烃基,优选具有1-8个碳原子的一价烃基,如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基或异丁基。X是卤素原子,如氯或溴。m是0-3的整数。
式(1)化合物的实例包括氯化镓、单甲基二氯镓、二甲基氯化镓、三乙基镓、三正丙基镓、三异丙基镓、三正丁基镓和三异丁基镓。
在式(2)中,R2是1-2个碳原子的烷基,具体是甲基或乙基。式(2)化合物的实例是三甲基铝和三乙基铝。
在式(3)中,R2定义如上。式(3)的化合物的实例是三甲基镓和三乙基镓。
沸点比式(3)的烷基镓的沸点至少高10℃的溶剂是式(4)的化合物。
R3 nAr (4)
此处,R3相同或不同,可以是氢、甲基、取代或未取代的具有6-16个碳原子的芳基,优选具有6-10个碳原子的芳基或亲电子取代基。Ar是取代或未取代的具有6-16个碳原子的芳基。n是1-14的整数,前提是当全部R3是甲基时,n是2-6的整数。
更具体地说,R3代表甲基,芳基如苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基,萘基和联苯基,芳烷基如苄基,亲电子取代基如氟、氯、溴、硝基、氰基、乙酰基、烷基氨基、乙酰胺和烷氧基,和上述基团的取代形式,其中部分或全部氢原子被卤素原子(如氯、氟或溴)、氰基、氨基、烷基氨基、硝基、乙酰氧基、酰氧基、酰胺、乙酰胺和有机氧基(如烷氧基、链烯氧基和芳氧基)取代。n是1-14的整数,优选为1-6。Ar代表苯、萘、蒽、芘和联苯,和上述基团的取代形式,其中部分或全部氢原子被卤素原子(如氯、氟或溴)、氰基、氨基、烷基氨基、硝基、乙酰氧基、酰氧基、酰胺、乙酰胺和有机氧基(如烷氧基、链烯氧基和芳氧基)取代。
式(4)化合物示例性的非限制性实例包括二甲苯、均三甲苯、四甲苯、二甲基萘、三甲基萘、二甲基蒽、苯基甲苯、苯基萘、苯基蒽、氯苯、二氯苯、三氯苯、氯萘、二氯萘、氟苯、二氟苯、三氟苯、六氟苯、三氟甲苯、全氟萘、溴苯、二溴苯、三溴苯、硝基苯、苄腈、苯乙酮、萘乙酮、蒽乙酮、二甲基氨基苯、苯胺和甲氧基萘。在这些化合物中,优选二甲苯、均三甲苯、甲基萘、氯苯、二氯苯、氯甲苯、氟苯、三氟甲苯和苯基甲苯。
优选,溶剂在干燥之后用于该反应。溶剂可以通过共沸、使用干燥剂或降低压力到水蒸汽压以下使水气化的方式除去水。例证性的干燥剂包括无水无机盐如无水硫酸镁、无水硫酸钠和无水氯化钙、碳二亚胺如N,N′-二环己基碳二亚胺、硅胶和分子筛。
当式(1)的化合物与式(2)的化合物反应时,化合物(2)和化合物(1)的摩尔比优选至在3/1至6/1之间。所使用溶剂的优选量应使溶剂和化合物(1)的重量比在0.5/1至10/1之间,更优选在1/1至4/1之间。
建议在空气和水基本上被脱除的气氛中,通常是纯净的氩气气氛中进行预处理。通常,在容器里进行反应,同时搅拌内容物。反应温度优选为0-250℃,更优选为室温至200℃。可以在减压、常压或加压(高达0.2MPa)下进行反应。
通过传统蒸馏简单地实现从反应产物中回收烷基镓。根据反应物的类型,产物烷基镓和铝化合物可能具有相近的沸点。在这种情况下,通过利用精密蒸馏塔蒸馏,可以提纯产品至高纯度。
实施例
通过举例说明而非限定给出本发明的实施例如下。
实施例1
用氦气充分吹扫装有冷凝器、搅拌器和温度计的500毫升不锈钢反应器。然后装入50克(0.28摩尔)氯化镓和125毫升均三甲苯,用滴液漏斗向其中滴加68克(0.94摩尔)三甲基铝。将反应溶液在80℃下加热2小时,然后进一步加热直到馏出29克(0.25摩尔)三甲基镓。为个产量相当于理论值的90%。为了确定合成后的纯度,通过NMR分析仪GSX-270(JEOL Ltd.)对双层管中的三甲基镓作NMR谱分析。源于溶剂分解的烃杂质的量低于检测限(10ppm以下)。
实施例2
除了使用邻二氯化苯代替均三甲苯之外,按与实施例1相同的方法合成三甲基镓。对产物作NMR谱分析,发现源于溶剂分解的烃杂质的量低于检测限(10ppm以下)。
比较例1
除了使用甲苯代替均三甲苯之外,按与实施例1相同的方法合成三甲基镓。用NMR谱分析产物,检测到苯(6,900ppm)。
比较例2
除了使用四氢萘代替均三甲苯之外,按与实施例1相同的方法合成三甲基镓。用NMR谱分析产物,检测到包括苯的芳族杂质(4,200ppm)。
比较例3
除了使用二异丁基萘代替均三甲苯之外,按与实施例1相同的方法合成三甲基镓。用NMR谱分析产物,检测到已烷和萘(1,000ppm)。
比较例4
除了使用十四烷代替均三甲苯之外,按与实施例1相同的方法合成三甲基镓。用NMR谱分析产物,检测到包括苯的芳族杂质(5,500ppm)。
比较例5
除了使用液体石蜡代替均三甲苯之外,按与实施例1相同的方法合成三甲基镓。用NMR谱分析产物,发现5-8个碳原子的烃(3,500ppm)。
本发明以烷基铝作为反应物以高产率制备不含源于溶剂的烃杂质的高纯度烷基镓,该方法具有工业价值。通过包含相当大比例纯有机金属化合物的产物的外延生长,可以制备高性能的半导体。
Claims (1)
1.制备烷基镓的方法,包括使式(1)的化合物和式(2)的化合物反应形成式(3)的烷基镓的步骤,
R1 3-mGaXm-3 (1)
其中R1是一价烃基,X是卤素原子,m是0-3的整数,
R2 3Al (2)
其中R2是具有1-2个碳原子的烷基,
GaR2 3 (3)
其中R2定义如上。
其特征在于,用由式(4)表示的沸点比式(3)的烷基镓的沸点至少高10℃的化合物作为溶剂:
R3 nAr (4)
其中R3在各种情况下独立地是氢、甲基、取代或未取代的具有6-16个碳原子的芳基或亲电子取代基,Ar是取代或未取代的具有6-16个碳原子的芳基,n是1-14的整数,前提是当全部R3是甲基时,n是2-6的整数。
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TW200619222A (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-06-16 | Rohm & Haas Elect Mat | Method for making organometallic compounds |
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JP2009126835A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Ube Ind Ltd | 高純度トリアルキルガリウム及びその製法 |
DE102012013941A1 (de) | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-16 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Galliumtrialkylverbindungen |
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CN106103454B (zh) * | 2014-03-14 | 2019-06-14 | 优美科股份公司及两合公司 | 三烷基镓化合物的制备以及其用途 |
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