CN1555363A - 吡唑啉-衍生物及其作为杀虫剂的应用 - Google Patents
吡唑啉-衍生物及其作为杀虫剂的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1555363A CN1555363A CNA028182383A CN02818238A CN1555363A CN 1555363 A CN1555363 A CN 1555363A CN A028182383 A CNA028182383 A CN A028182383A CN 02818238 A CN02818238 A CN 02818238A CN 1555363 A CN1555363 A CN 1555363A
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- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 241000701451 unidentified granulovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N validamycin Chemical compound N([C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)CO)[C@H]1C=C(CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N vamidothion Chemical compound CNC(=O)C(C)SCCSP(=O)(OC)OC LESVOLZBIFDZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHNQZRKUZPNOOH-UHFFFAOYSA-J zinc;manganese(2+);n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[Zn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S CHNQZRKUZPNOOH-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/24—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being further bound to other hetero atoms, bound to the same saturated acyclic carbon skeleton
- C07C255/29—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being further bound to other hetero atoms, bound to the same saturated acyclic carbon skeleton containing cyano groups and acylated amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/24—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being further bound to other hetero atoms, bound to the same saturated acyclic carbon skeleton
- C07C255/25—Aminoacetonitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C271/04—Carbamic acid halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Abstract
本发明涉及新的式(I)的吡唑啉衍生物,其多种制备方法和其作为杀虫剂的应用,其中R1、R2、R3和R4具有说明书中给出的含义。本发明还涉及新的中间体及其制备方法。
Description
本发明涉及新的吡唑啉-衍生物,其制备方法和其作为杀虫剂的应用。
已知某些被取代的吡唑啉类化合物具有杀虫和杀螨性能(参见例如DE-A 44 16 112、EP-A 0 679 644或EP-A 0438 690),但是这些化合物的活性,尤其是在低的活性化合物浓度和用量时不能总是令人十分满意。
现已发现新的式(I)的吡唑啉-衍生物
其中R1表示氰基、烷氧基羰基、氨基甲酰基、硫代氨基甲酰基、烷基氨基羰基或者二烷基氨基羰基,
R2表示卤素、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烷基硫基、卤代烷基硫基、烷基磺酰基、卤代烷基亚硫酰基、卤代烷基磺酰基或者氰基,
R3表示卤素、卤代烷基、烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、烷基硫基、卤代烷基硫基、卤代烷基亚硫酰基、卤代烷基磺酰基或者氰基,和
R4表示氢、氰基甲基或者烷氧基羰基。
取决于取代基的种类和数量,式(I)化合物可任选以几何异构体和/或光学异构体、区域异构体或者构型异构体形式或者以各种组成的异构体混合物形式存在。本发明既要求保护纯的异构体,也要求保护异构体混合物。
此外,已发现,式(I)的吡唑啉-衍生物可通过如下得到:
a)式(II)的吡唑啉
其中R1和R2具有上述含义,
与式(III)的异氰酸酯
其中R3具有上述含义
任选在稀释剂存在下和任选在催化剂存在下反应;
和
b)任选将如此得到的本发明的式(Ia)的吡唑啉-衍生物
其中
R1、R2和R3具有上述含义,
与式(IV)的卤化物
Hal1-R4 (IV)
其中
R4具有上述含义和
Hal1表示卤素,
任选在稀释剂存在下和任选在碱存在下反应。
此外已发现,式(Ib)的吡唑啉-衍生物
其中R1、R2和R3具有上述含义
也可通过如下得到:
c)式(II)的吡唑啉类化合物
其中R1和R2具有上述含义,
与式(V)氨基甲酰氯
其中
R3具有上述含义,
在稀释剂存在下和任选在碱存在下反应。
最后,已发现新的式(I)的吡唑啉-衍生物具有特别突出的生物学特性并特别适合用于防治有害动物,特别是在农业、林业、仓库虫害防治和材料保护以及卫生领域出现的昆虫、螨和线虫。
本发明的吡唑啉-衍生物通过式(I)进行一般定义。
下面说明上述和下述式中提到的优选的取代基或基团范围:
R1 优选表示氰基、C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基、氨基甲酰基、硫代氨基甲酰基、C1-C4-烷基氨基-羰基或二-C1-C4-烷基氨基-羰基。
R2 优选表示氟、氯、溴、碘;C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-烷基硫基、C1-C4-卤代烷基硫基、C1-C4-烷基-磺酰基、C1-C4-卤代烷基磺酰基或者氰基。
R3 优选表示氟、氯、溴、碘;C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷基硫基、C1-C4-卤代烷基亚硫酰基、C1-C4-卤代烷基磺酰基或者氰基。
R4 优选表示氢、氰基甲基或C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基。
R1 特别优选表示氰基、C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基、氨基甲酰基、硫代氨基甲酰基、C1-C2-烷基氨基-羰基或二-C1-C2-烷基氨基-羰基。
R2 特别优选表示氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基;C1-C2-烷基硫基、C1-C2-烷基磺酰基以及表示各具有1至5个相同或不同的选自氟、氯和溴的卤素原子的C1-C2-卤代烷基、C1-C2-卤代烷氧基、C1-C2-卤代烷基硫基或C1-C2-卤代烷基磺酰基。
R3 特别优选表示氯、溴、碘、氰基;以及表示各具有1至5个相同或不同的选自氟、氯和溴的卤素原子的C1-C2-卤代烷基、C1-C2-卤代烷氧基、C1-C2-卤代烷基硫基、C1-C2-卤代烷基亚硫酰基或者C1-C2-卤代烷基磺酰基。
R4 特别优选表示表示氢、氰基甲基或者C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基。
此外,优选其中的R1表示氰基的式(I)化合物。
此外,优选其中的R4表示氢或者CH2CN的式(I)化合物。
此外,优选其中的R2表示卤素,优选表示氟、氯、溴或者碘,特别优选表示氟、氯或者溴,十分特别优选表示氯的式(I)化合物。
上述描述的一般的或者优选的基团定义或解释可适用于终产物,也适用于相应的原料和中间体。这些基团定义可以任意组合,即包括各种优选范围之间的组合。
按照本发明,优选这样的式(I)化合物,其中上述的组合是作为优选给出的含义的组合。
按照本发明,特别优选这样的式(I)化合物,其中上述的组合是作为特别优选给出的含义的组合。
在上述和下述给出的基团定义中,烃基如烷基,包括与杂原子连接的烷基,如在烷氧基中的情况下,只要可能各为直链或支链的。
如果应用例如3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑和4-氯苯基异氰酸酯作为原料,那么本发明方法(a)的反应进程通过下述反应路线说明:
如果应用例如N-[3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基-吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1-吡唑甲酰]-4-氯苯胺和溴乙腈作为原料,那么本发明方法(b)的反应进程通过下述反应路线说明:
如果应用例如3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑和N-氰基甲基-N-(4-三氟甲氧基苯基)-氨基甲酰氯作为原料,那么本发明方法(c)的反应进程通过下述反应路线说明:
用于实施本发明方法(a)和(c)作为原料应用的吡唑啉类化合物通过式(II)进行一般定义。在该式中,R1和R2优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于这些基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。
式(II)吡唑啉类化合物是新化合物并且同样是本申请的主题。这些化合物可通过如下得到:
d)式(VI)的被取代的苯乙酮类化合物
其中R1和R2具有上述含义,
在第一步中与式(VII)的双-二烷基氨基甲烷
(Alk)2N-CH2-N(Alk)2 (VII)
其中Alk表示C1-C4-烷基,
在惰性有机溶剂(优选卤代烃类,例如二氯甲烷或者二氯乙烷)存在下,于0℃-120℃,优选20℃-80℃温度下反应(参见例如EP-A 0 546 420)并且任选分离由此生成的式(VIII)的二烷基氨基烷基酮类化合物
其中R1、R2和Alk具有上述含义,
和在第二步中将产物与肼(水合物)在惰性有机溶剂(优选醇类,例如甲醇或者乙醇)存在下,在0℃-80℃,优选20℃-50℃温度下反应(也参见制备实施例)。
此外在本发明方法(a)中作为原料应用的异氰酸酯通过式(III)进行一般定义。在该式中,R3优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于该基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。
式(III)的异氰酸酯是通常已知的有机化合物和/或可按照通常已知的方式得到。
用于实施本发明方法(d)作为原料应用的被取代的苯乙酮类化合物通过式(VI)进行一般定义。在该式中,R1和R2优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于这些基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。
式(VI)的被取代的苯乙酮类化合物是新化合物并且同样是本申请的主题。这些化合物可通过如下得到:
e)式(IX)的卤代苯乙酮类化合物
其中R2具有上述含义和Hal2表示卤素,
与式(X)的吡唑
其中
R1具有上述含义,
在有机或者无机碱(例如碳酸钾)和任选在惰性有机溶剂(例如乙腈)存在下,于0℃-100℃,优选20℃-80℃温度下反应(参见例如EP-A 0 438690以及制备实施例)。
此外在本发明方法(d)中用作原料的双-二烷基氨基甲烷通过式(VII)进行一般定义。在该式中,Alk优选表示甲基。
式(VII)的双-二烷基氨基甲烷是通常已知的有机化合物和/或可通过通常已知的方式得到。
用于实施本发明方法(e)作为原料应用的卤代苯乙酮类化合物通过式(IX)进行一般定义。在该式中,R2优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于该基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。Hal2优选表示氯或者溴。
此外在本发明方法(e)中作为原料应用的吡唑类化合物通过式(X)进行一般定义。在该式中,R1优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于该基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。
式(IX)的卤代苯乙酮类化合物和式(X)的吡唑类化合物是通常已知的有机化合物和/或可通过通常已知的方式得到。
式(VIa)的被取代的苯乙酮类化合物
其中R5和R6相互独立表示氢或者烷基,
也可如下得到:
f)式(VIb)被取代的苯乙酮类化合物
其中R2具有上述含义,
在第一步中与无机酸(如优选盐酸或者硫酸)在惰性溶剂(优选极性溶剂,例如水或者乙酸)存在下,在50℃-140℃,优选80℃-120℃温度下反应,其中应用过量的无机酸;和分离由此生成的式(VIc)被取代的苯乙酮类化合物
其中R2具有上述含义,
和在第二步中首先将产物与氯化亚砜,然后与氨或者式(XI)的胺
HNR5R6 (XI)
其中R5和R6具有上述含义,
在惰性有机溶剂(例如二氯甲烷或者四氢呋喃)存在下,在0℃-100℃,优选20℃-80℃温度下反应,其中应用过量的氨或胺,其在此也具有碱的功能(也参见制备实施例)。
用于实施本发明方法(f)作为原料应用的被取代的苯乙酮类化合物通过式(VIb)进行一般定义。在该式中,R2优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于该基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。
式(VIb)被取代的苯乙酮类化合物同样是本发明化合物并且可按方法(e)得到。
此外,在本发明方法(f)中作为原料应用的胺通过式(XI)进行一般定义。在该式中,R5和R6相互独立优选表示氢或者C1-C4-烷基,特别优选表示氢或者C1-C2-烷基。
式(XI)的胺是通常已知的有机化合物。
用于实施本发明方法(b)作为原料应用的卤化物通过式(IV)进行一般定义。在该式中,R4优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于该基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。Hal1优选表示氯或者溴。
式(IV)的卤化物是通常已知的有机化合物。
此外在本发明方法(c)中作为原料应用的氨基甲酰氯通过式(V)进行一般定义。在该式中,R3优选或者特别优选具有与已在本发明通式(I)化合物相关的描述中对于该基团作为优选或特别优选给出的相同的含义。
式(V)的氨基甲酰氯部分是已知的(参见例如DE 27 30 325)。至今未知并且同样是本发明主题的是式(Va)的氨基甲酰氯
其中R7表示卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基或者卤代烷基硫基,并优选表示相应于R3的优选含义。
式(Va)的氨基甲酰氯例如可如下得到:
g)式(XII)的氰基甲基苯胺
其中R7具有上述含义,
与光气在惰性有机稀释剂(例如甲苯)存在下和在碱(优选叔有机胺,例如三乙胺)存在下,在-10℃至+120℃,优选0℃-100℃温度下反应,其中光气可稍微过量应用(参见制备实施例)。
式(XII)的氰基甲基苯胺是新化合物并且同样是本申请的主题,这些化合物例如可如下得到:
h)已知的式(XIII)的苯胺
其中R7具有上述含义,在乙酸存在下与多聚甲醛和碱金属氰化物在20℃-60℃温度下反应(参见例如Helv.Chim.Acta 1954,37,166和制备
实施例)。
在方法(c)的优选实施方案中,也可以由式(XII)的氰基甲基苯胺开始在所谓的“一锅法”中实施该方法。
本发明方法(a)优选在应用稀释剂的情况下进行。合适的稀释剂实际上是所有惰性有机溶剂。对此,优选包括脂肪族和芳香族任选卤代的烃类,例如戊烷、己烷、庚烷、环己烷、石油醚、汽油、粗汽油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、氯苯和邻二氯苯;醚类,如乙醚、二丁基醚、甲基叔丁基醚、甲基-叔戊基醚、乙二醇二甲醚和二乙二醇二甲醚、四氢呋喃和二噁烷,酮类,例如丙酮、甲基-乙基酮、甲基-异丙基酮或者甲基-异丁基酮,酯类,如乙酸甲酯或者乙酸乙酯,腈类,例如乙腈或者丙腈,酰胺类,如二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮以及二甲亚砜、环丁砜或者六甲基磷三酰胺。
本发明方法(a)优选在应用催化剂的情况下进行。合适的催化剂特别是叔有机胺,如三乙胺。
实施本发明方法(a)的反应温度可以在较大范围内变化。一般地,反应温度为0℃至120℃,优选为20℃至80℃。
本发明方法(a)一般在常压下进行。但也可以在加压或减压下进行。
为了实施本发明方法(a),一般以近等摩尔量应用所述原料,但也可以较小的过量应用两种原料之一。后处理按照常规方法进行(参见制备实施例)。
本发明方法(b)和(c)优选在应用稀释剂的情况下进行。合适的稀释剂实际上可应用所有惰性有机溶剂。对此,优选包括脂肪族和芳香族任选卤代的烃类,例如戊烷、己烷、庚烷、环己烷、石油醚、汽油、粗汽油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、氯苯和邻二氯苯;醚类,如乙醚、二丁基醚、乙二醇二甲醚和二乙二醇二甲醚、四氢呋喃和二噁烷,酮类,例如丙酮、甲基-乙基酮、甲基-异丙基酮或者甲基-异丁基酮,酯类,如乙酸甲酯或者乙酸乙酯,腈类,例如乙腈或者丙腈,酰胺类,如二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮以及二甲亚砜、环丁砜或者六甲基磷三酰胺。
在实施本发明方法(b)和(c)中作为碱可应用常用于该反应的所有酸结合剂。优选包括碱金属-或者碱土金属氢化物,如氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾或氢化钙;碱金属-或者碱土金属氢氧化物,如氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化钙;碱金属-或者碱土金属碳酸盐或者碳酸氢盐,例如碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠或碳酸钙;碱金属乙酸盐,如乙酸钠或乙酸钾;碱金属醇盐,如叔丁醇钠或叔丁醇钾;以及碱性氮化合物,如三甲基胺、三乙基胺、三丙基胺、三丁基胺、二异丁基胺、二环己基胺、乙基二异丙基胺、乙基二环己基胺、N,N-二甲基苄基胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、吡啶、2-甲基-吡啶、3-甲基-吡啶、4-甲基-吡啶、2,4-二甲基-吡啶、2,6-二甲基-吡啶、2-乙基-吡啶、4-乙基-吡啶和5-乙基-2-甲基吡啶、1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]-壬-5-烯(DBN)、1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]-十一碳-7-烯(DBU)、1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]-辛烷(DABCO)。
实施本发明方法b)的反应温度可以在较大范围内变化。一般地,反应温度为0℃至120℃,优选为20℃至80℃。
本发明方法(b)一般在常压下进行。但也可以在加压或减压下进行。
为了实施本发明方法(b),一般以近等摩尔量应用所述原料,但也可以过量应用卤化物和碱。后处理按照常规方法进行(参见制备实施例)。
实施本发明方法(c)的反应温度可以在较大范围内变化。一般地,反应温度为-10℃至130℃,优选为0℃至110℃。
本发明方法(c)一般在常压下进行。但也可以在加压或减压下进行。
为了实施本发明方法(c),一般以近等摩尔量应用所述原料,但也可以过量应用卤化物和碱。后处理按照常规方法进行(参见制备实施例)。
所述活性化合物适于防治动物害虫,特别是在农业、林业、储藏产品和材料的保护,以及卫生领域中发生的昆虫、蜘蛛类动物和线虫,同时具有很好的植物耐受性以及对恒温动物的可接受的毒性。它们可优选用作植物保护剂。它们对正常敏感和抗性种类以及对所有或某些发育阶段都具有活性。上述害虫包括:
等足目,例如,潮虫(Oniscus asellus)、平甲虫、鼠妇。
倍足目,例如,具斑马陆。
唇足目,例如,食果地蜈蚣、蚰蜒属。
综合目,例如,庭园么蚰。
缨尾目,例如,台湾衣鱼。
弹尾目,例如,武装棘跳虫。
直翅目,例如,家蟋蟀、蝼蛄属、非洲飞蝗、黑蝗属、沙漠蝗。
蜚蠊目,例如,东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、马得拉蜚蠊、德国小蠊。
革翅目,例如,欧洲球螋。
等翅目,例如,散白蚁属。
虱目,例如,体虱、血虱属、颚虱属、嚼虱属、畜虱属。
缨翅目,例如,温室条蓟马、烟蓟马、棕榈蓟马、苜蓿蓟马。
异翅亚目,例如,扁盾蝽属、棉红蝽(Dysdercus intermedius)、方背皮蝽、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽、椎猎蝽属。
同翅目,例如,甘蓝粉虱、甘薯粉虱、温室白粉虱、棉蚜、甘蓝蚜、茶藨隐瘤蚜、豆卫矛蚜、苹果蚜、苹果绵蚜、桃大尾蚜、葡萄根瘤蚜、瘿绵蚜属、麦长管蚜、瘤蚜属、忽布疣蚜、禾谷缢管蚜、绿小叶蝉属、殃叶蝉(Euscelis bilobatus)、黑尾叶蝉、欧果坚球蚧、榄珠蜡蚧、灰飞虱、褐飞虱、红肾圆盾蚧、常春藤圆盾蚧、粉蚧属、木虱属。
鳞翅目,例如,棉红铃虫、松粉蝶尺蛾、果园秋尺蛾、潜叶细蛾(Lithocolletis blancardella)、苹果巢蛾、小菜蛾、黄褐天幕毛虫、黄毒蛾、毒蛾属、棉潜蛾(Bucculatrix thurberiella)、柑橘潜叶蛾、地夜蛾属、切夜蛾属、脏切夜蛾、埃及钻夜蛾、实夜蛾属、甘蓝夜蛾、小眼夜蛾、灰翅夜蛾属、粉纹夜蛾、苹果蠹蛾、粉蝶属、禾草螟属、玉米螟、地中海粉斑螟、蜡螟、幕谷蛾、袋谷蛾、褐织蛾、黄尾卷叶蛾、烟卷蛾(Capua reticulana)、云杉色卷蛾、葡萄果蠹蛾、茶长卷蛾、栎绿卷蛾、Cnaphalocerus属、水稻负泥虫。
鞘翅目,例如,家具窃蠹、谷蠹、豆象(Bruchidius obtectus)、菜豆象、北美家天牛、蓝毛臀萤叶甲、马铃薯叶甲、辣根猿叶甲、条叶甲属、油菜金头跳甲、墨西哥豆瓢虫、隐食甲属、锯谷盗、花象属、米象属、葡萄黑耳喙象、香蕉根颈象、种子象、紫苜蓿叶象、皮蠹属、斑皮蠹属、圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、粉蠹属、油菜花露尾甲、蛛甲属、黄蛛甲、麦蛛甲、拟谷盗属、黄粉甲、叩甲属、宽胸叩甲属、五月鳃金龟、马铃薯鳃金龟、褐新西兰肋翅鳃角金龟、稻水象。
膜翅目,例如,松叶蜂属、实叶蜂属、毛蚁属、小家蚁、胡蜂属。
双翅目,例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、黄猩猩果蝇、家蝇属、厕蝇属、红头丽蝇、绿蝇属、金蝇属、疽蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、螫蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、虻属、螗蜩属(Tannia spp.)、花园毛蚊、瑞典麦杆蝇、草种蝇属、菠菜泉蝇、地中海实蝇、油橄榄果实蝇、沼泽大蚊、种蝇属、斑潜蝇属。
蚤目,例如,印鼠客蚤、角叶蚤属。
蛛形纲,例如,蝎(Scorpio maurus)、红斑蛛、粗脚粉螨、锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、鸡皮刺螨、兔瘿螨、柑橘皱叶刺瘿螨、牛蜱属、扇头蜱属、花蜱属、璃眼蜱属、硬蜱属、瘙螨属、痒螨属、疥螨属、跗线螨属、苜蓿苔螨、全爪螨属、叶螨属、半跗线螨属、短须螨属。
植物寄生线虫包括,例如短体线虫属、相似穿孔线虫、起绒草茎线虫、半穿刺线虫、异皮属、球异皮属、根结属、滑刃线虫属、长针线虫属、剑线属、毛刺属、伞滑刃线虫属。
本发明化合物可特别成功地用于防治对植物有害的昆虫,例如防治黄瓜甲虫(Diabrotica balteata)的幼虫、棉蚜虫(Heliothis virescens)的毛虫、芥菜甲虫(Phaedon cochleariae)的幼虫、橄榄娥(Kohlschabe)(Plutellaxylostella)的毛虫以及覃蝇(Spodoptera exigua和Spodoptera frugioerda)的毛虫。
此外,本发明的化合物例如对棉蚜虫(Heliothis virescens)的毛虫或覃蝇(Spodoptera frugioerda)的毛虫表现出很好的持久性。
在一定的浓度或用量下,本发明化合物还可任选用作除草剂和杀微生物剂,例如用作杀真菌剂、抗霉菌剂和杀细菌剂。如需要,还可以作为合成其它活性化合物的中间体或前体。
根据本发明,可以处理所有植物和植物各部分。此处植物可以理解为所有植物以及植物群落如需要和不需要的野生植物或农作物(包括自然长出的农作物)。农作物可以是通过常规植物育种和优化方法或通过生物技术和重组方法或上述方法的结合获得的植物,包括转基因植物以及包括可获得或不能获得植物品种保护的植物品种。植物的各部分应理解为植物的所有地上和地下部分以及器官,如茎、叶、花和根,可提及的实例为叶片、针叶、叶柄、树干、花、子实体、果实、种子、根、块茎和根状茎。植物各部分还包括收获材料以及无性和有性繁殖材料,例如插条、块茎、根状茎、压枝和种子。
采用活性化合物进行植物和植物各部分的本发明处理方法是通过常规处理方法直接施用或将化合物作用于它们的环境、栖息地或贮藏区进行处理,例如浸渍、喷雾、熏蒸、弥雾、撒播、刷涂以及在繁殖材料特别是种子的情况下还可以进行一层或多层包衣。
所述活性化合物可被转化成为常规制剂如溶液剂、乳剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、粉剂、细粉剂、糊剂、可溶性粉剂、颗粒剂、浓悬浮乳剂、用活性化合物浸渍的天然和合成材料以及聚合物包封的微胶囊剂。
这些制剂是以已知方法制备的,例如通过将活性化合物与增量剂,即液体溶剂和/或固体载体混合而生产,制剂中任选使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂和/或发泡剂。
在使用水作为增量剂的情况下,例如,也可使用有机溶剂作为助溶剂。适合的液体溶剂主要有:芳香烃类,如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘;氯代芳烃类或氯代脂肪烃类,如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷;脂肪烃类,如环己烷或链烷烃,例如石油馏份、矿物油和植物油;醇类,如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚和酯类,酮类,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮;强极性溶剂,如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜,以及水。
适合的固体载体有:
例如,铵盐和天然矿物粉末,如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩、石英、硅镁土、蒙脱土或硅藻土,和合成矿物粉末,如高分散二氧化硅、氧化铝和硅酸盐;适合颗粒剂的固体载体有:例如,粉碎和分级的天然岩石,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白云石,以及合成的无机和有机粉末颗粒,以及有机材料的颗粒如锯末、坚果壳、玉米穗茎和烟草茎;
适合的乳化剂和/或发泡剂有:例如非离子和阴离子乳化剂,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚,例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐以及蛋白水解产物;
适合的分散剂有:例如木素亚硫酸废液和甲基纤维素。
在制剂中还可使用粘着剂如羧甲基纤维素和粉末、颗粒或胶乳状的天然或合成聚合物,如阿拉伯树胶、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,以及天然磷脂如脑磷脂和卵磷脂和合成磷脂。其它添加剂可以是矿物油和植物油。
可以使用着色剂如无机颜料,例如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁士兰,和有机染料,如茜素染料、偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料,和痕量营养物如铁、锰、硼、铜、钴、钼和锌的盐。
制剂中通常含有按重量计0.1-95%,优选0.5-90%的活性化合物。
本发明活性化合物可以其本身或在其制剂中与已知的杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂或杀虫剂联合应用,以例如拓宽活性谱或避免发展成抗性。对此,在许多情况下可以获得协同作用,即混合物的活性大于各组分的活性。
作为混合组分例如可以考虑下述化合物:
杀真菌剂:
Aldimorph,氨丙膦酸、氨丙膦酸钾、Andoprim、敌菌灵、戊环唑、腈嘧菌酯,
苯霜灵、麦锈灵、苯菌灵、苄烯酸、苄烯酸-异丁酯、双丙氨酰膦、乐杀螨、联苯、双苯三唑醇、灭瘟素、糠菌素、磺嘧菌灵、粉病定,
石硫合剂、Capsimycin、敌菌丹、克菌丹、多菌灵、萎锈灵、Carvon、灭螨锰、灭瘟唑、苯咪唑菌、地茂散、氯化苦、百菌清、乙菌利、Clozylacon、硫杂灵、清菌脲、环唑醇、环丙嘧啶、酯菌胺,
双乙氧咪唑威、双氯酚、苄氯三唑醇、Diclofluanid、哒菌清、氯硝胺、乙霉威、噁醚唑、甲菌定、烯酰吗啉、烯唑醇、烯唑醇-M、敌螨普、二苯胺、吡菌硫、灭菌磷、二噻农、吗菌灵、多果定、敌菌酮,
克瘟散、氧唑菌、乙环唑、乙菌定、氯唑灵,
噁唑酮菌、菌拿灵、异嘧菌醇、腈苯唑、呋菌胺、Fenhexamid、种衣酯、拌种咯、苯锈定、丁苯吗啉、薯瘟锡、毒菌锡、福美铁、嘧菌腙、氟定胺、氟联苯菌(Flumetover)、氟菌安、喹唑菌酮、调嘧醇、氟硅唑,磺菌胺、氟酰胺、粉唑胺、灭菌丹、藻菌磷(Fosetyl-Aluminium)、藻菌磷(Fosetyl-Natrium)、四氯苯酞、麦穗宁、呋氨丙灵、呋吡唑灵、灭菌安(Furcarbonil)、呋菌唑、呋醚唑、拌种胺、双胍盐、六氯苯、己唑醇、噁霉灵,
烯菌灵、酰胺唑、双胍辛(Iminoctadin)、双胍辛对十二烷基苯磺酸盐(Iminoctadinealbesilate)、双胍辛醋酸盐、Iodocarb、环戊唑醇、异稻瘟腈(IBP)、异丙定、Iprovalicarb、Irumamycin、富士一号、氯苯咪菌酮,
春雷霉素、亚胺菌、铜制品,如,氢氧化铜、环烷酸铜、氯氧化铜、硫酸铜、氧化铜、喹啉铜、和碱式硫酸铜混合物,
锰铜混剂、代森锰锌、代森锰、Meferimzone、嘧菌胺、丙氧灭锈胺、甲霜灵、环戊唑菌、磺菌威、甲呋菌胺、代森联、苯吡洛菌(Metomeclam)、噻菌胺、米多霉素、腈菌唑、甲菌利,
福美镍、异丙消、氟苯嘧啶醇,
甲呋酰胺、噁霜灵、Oxamocarb、喹菌酮、氧化萎锈灵(Oxycarboxim)、Oxyfenthiin,
多效唑、稻瘟酯、戊菌唑、戊菌隆、双氯苯磷、Picoxystrobin、多马霉素、粉病灵、多氧霉素、Ployoxorim、噻菌灵、丙氯灵、杀菌利、百维灵、Propanosine-Natrium、丙环唑、甲基代森锌、Pyraclostrobin、定菌磷、啶斑肟、二甲嘧菌胺、咯喹酮、氯吡呋醚,
唑喹菌酮、五氯硝基苯(PCNB)、喹氧灵,
硫和硫制剂、螺噁茂胺,
戊唑醇、叶枯酞、四氯硝基苯、调环烯、氟醚唑、涕必灵、噻菌腈、溴氟唑菌、甲基托布津、福美双、硫氰苯甲酰胺、甲基立枯磷、对甲抑菌灵、三唑酮、菌唑醇、叶锈特、唑菌嗪、杨菌胺、三环唑、克啉菌、Trifloxystrobin、氟菌唑、嗪氨灵、戊叉唑菌,
烯效唑,
有效霉素、烯菌酮、烯霜苄唑,
氰菌胺、代森锌、福美锌以及
咪草酯G、OK-8705、OK-8801,
α-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-β-(2-苯氧基乙基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
α-(2,4-二氯苯基)-β-氟-b-丙基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
α-(2,4-二氯苯基)-β-甲氧基-a-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
α-(5-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-基)-β-[[4-(三氟甲基)-苯基]-亚甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
(5RS,6RS)-6-羟基-2,2,7,7-四甲基-5-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-3-辛酮,
(E)-α-(甲氧基亚氨基)-N-甲基-2-苯氧基-苯基乙酰胺,
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-乙酮-O-(苯基甲基)-肟,
1-(2-甲基-1-萘基)-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮,
1-(3,5-二氯苯基)-3-(2-丙烯基)-2,5-吡咯烷二酮,
1-[(二碘甲基)-磺酰基]-4-甲基-苯,
1-[[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基]-甲基]-1H-咪唑,
1-[[2-(4-氯苯基)-3-苯基环氧乙烷基]-甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑,
1-[l-[2-[(2,4-二氯苯基)-甲氧基]-苯基]-乙烯基]-1H-咪唑,
1-甲基-5-壬基-2-(苯基甲基)-3-吡咯烷醇(pyrrolidinol),
2′,6′-二溴-2-甲基-4′-三氟甲氧基-4′-三氟甲基-l,3-噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺(carboxanilid),
2,6-二氯-5-(甲基硫基)-4-嘧啶基硫氰酸酯,
2,6-二氯-N-(4-三氟甲基苄基)-苯甲酰胺,
2,6-二氯-N-[[4-(三氟甲基)-苯基]-甲基]-苯甲酰胺,
2-(2,3,3-三碘-2-丙烯基)-2H-四唑,
2-[(1-甲基乙基)-磺酰基]-5-(三氯甲基)-1,3,4-噻二唑,
2-[[6-去氧-4-O-(4-O-甲基-β-3-D-吡喃葡糖苷基)-a-D-吡喃葡糖基]-氨基]-4-甲氧基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-5-腈,
2-氨基丁烷,
2-溴-2-(溴甲基)-戊烷二腈,
2-氯-N-(2,3-二氢-1,1,3-三甲基-1H-茚-4-基)-3-吡啶甲酰胺
2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基-N-(异硫氰酸根合甲基)-乙酰胺,
2-苯基苯酚(OPP),
3,4-二氯-1-[4-(二氟甲氧基)-苯基]-lH-吡咯-2,5-二酮,
3,5-二氯-N-[氰基[(1-甲基-2-丙炔基)-氧基]-甲基]-苯甲酰胺,
3-(l,1-二甲基丙基-1-氧代-1H-茚-2-腈,
3-[2-(4-氯苯基)-5-乙氧基-3-异噁唑烷基]-吡啶,
4-氯-2-氰基-N,N-二甲基-5-(4-甲基苯基)-1H-咪唑-1-磺酰胺,
4-甲基-四唑并[1,5-a]喹唑啉-5(4H)-酮,
8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐,
9H-呫吨-9-甲酸-2-[(苯基氨基)-羰基]-酰肼,
双-(1-甲基乙基)-3-甲基-4-[(3-甲基苯甲酰基)-氧基]-2,5-噻吩二甲酸酯,
顺-1-(4-氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-环庚醇,
顺-4-[3-[4-(l,l-二甲基丙基)-苯基-2-甲基丙基]-2,6-二甲基-吗啉盐酸盐,
[(4-氯苯基)-偶氮]-氰基乙酸乙酯,
碳酸氢钾,
甲烷四硫醇钠盐,
1-(2,3-二氢-2,2-二甲基-1H-茚-1-基)-1H-咪唑-5-甲酸甲酯,
N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-(5-异噁唑基羰基)-DL-丙氨酸甲酯,
N-(氯乙酰基)-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-DL-丙氨酸甲酯,
N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-2-甲氧基-N-(四氢-2-氧代-3-呋喃基)-乙酰胺,
N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-2-甲氧基-N-(四氢-2-氧代-3-噻吩基)-乙酰胺,
N-(2-氯-4-硝基苯基)-4-甲基-3-硝基-苯磺酰胺,
N-(4-环己基苯基)-1,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶胺,
N-(4-己基苯基)-1,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶胺,
N-(5-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-甲氧基-N-(2-氧代-3-噁唑烷基)-乙酰胺,
N-(6-甲氧基)-3-吡啶基)-环丙烷甲酰胺,
N-[2,2,2-三氯-1-[(氯乙酰基)-氨基]-乙基]-苯甲酰胺,
N-[3-氯-4,5-双(2-丙炔基氧基)-苯基]-N′-甲氧基-甲亚氨酰胺(methanimidamid),
N-甲酰基-N-羟基-DL-丙氨酸-钠盐,
O,O-二乙基-[2-(二丙基氨基)-2-氧代乙基]-乙基硫代氨基磷酸酯(ethylphosphoramidothioat)
O-甲基-S-苯基-苯基丙基硫代氨基磷酸酯,
1,2,3-苯并噻二唑-7-硫代羟酸S-甲酯,
螺[2H]-1-苯并吡喃-2,1′(3′H)-异苯并呋喃]-3′-酮,
4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-3-(4-氟苯基)-丙烯酰基]-吗啉
杀菌剂:
溴硝丙二醇、双氯酚、氯定、福美镍、春雷霉素、异噻菌酮、呋喃甲酸、土霉素、噻菌灵、链霉素、叶枯酞、硫酸铜和其它铜制剂。
杀虫剂/杀螨剂/杀线虫剂:
阿维菌素、乙酰甲胺磷、啶虫脒、氟丙菊酯、棉铃威、涕灭威、涕灭砜威、甲体氯氰菊酯(Alphacypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(Alphamethrin)、双甲脒、齐墩螨素、AZ 60541、艾扎丁、甲基吡噁磷、谷硫磷A、谷硫磷M、三唑锡,
波林杆菌芽孢、Bacillus sphaericus、柯敌克菌、苏金杆菌、Baculoviruses、Beauveria bassiana、Beauveria tenella、噁虫威、丙硫克百威、杀虫磺、苯螨特、β-氟氯氰菊酯、联苯肼酯、联苯菊酯、Bioethanomethrin、生物氯菊酯、Bistrifluron、BPMC、溴硫磷A、合杀威、噻嗪酮、特嘧硫磷、丁酮威、丁基哒螨灵(Butylpyridaben)、
硫线磷、甲萘威、克百威、三硫磷、丁硫克百威、杀螟丹、Chloethocarb、氯氧磷、氟唑虫清、毒虫畏、氟啶脲、氯甲硫磷、毒死蜱、毒死蜱M、Chlovaporthrin、Chromafenozide、顺式灭虫菊(Cis-Resmethrin)、Cispermethrin、Clocythrin、除线威、四螨嗪、Clothianidine、杀螟腈、Cycloprene、乙氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、三环锡、氯氰菊酯、灭蝇胺,
溴氰菊酯、内吸磷M、内吸磷S、甲基内吸磷、丁醚脲、二嗪磷、敌敌畏、开乐散、氟脲杀、乐果、甲基毒虫畏、苯虫醚、乙拌磷、碘酰丁二辛、苯氧炔螨、
Eflusilanate、Emamectin、右旋烯炔菊酯、硫丹、Entomopfthoraspp.、高氰戊菊酯、苯虫威、乙硫磷、灭克磷、醚菊酯、特苯噁唑、氧嘧啶磷,
克线磷、喹螨醚、杀螨锡、杀螟硫磷、苯硫威、Fenoxacrim、双氧威、甲氰菊酯、Fenpyrad、Fenpyrithrin、唑螨酯、杀灭菊酯、锐劲特、氟啶蜱脲、Flubrocythrinate、氟螨脲、氟氰戊菊酯、氟虫脲、氟氯苯菊酯、Flutenzine、氟胺氰菊酯、地虫磷、丁苯硫磷、噻唑酮磷、Fubfenprox、呋线威,
颗粒层增殖病毒,
特丁苯酰肼、HCH、庚虫磷、氟铃脲、噻螨酮、烯虫乙酯,
吡虫啉、噁二唑虫、氯唑磷、丙胺磷、异噁唑磷、齐墩螨素,
核多角体病毒,
氯氟氰菊酯、氟丙氧脲,
马拉硫磷、灭蚜磷、四聚乙醛、甲胺磷、Metharhizium anisopliae、Metharhizium flavoviride、杀扑磷、灭虫成、灭多虫、蒙五一五、甲氧苯酰肼、速灭威、噁虫酮、速灭磷、米尔螨素、Milbemycin、久效磷,
二溴磷、硝胺烯啶、硝虫噻嗪、双苯氟脲,
氧乐果、甲胺叉威、砜吸磷,
Paecilomyces fumosoroseus、对硫磷A、甲基对硫磷、氯菊酯、稻丰散、甲拌磷、伏杀磷、亚胺硫磷、磷胺、辛硫磷、抗蚜威、虫螨磷A、甲基虫螨磷、丙溴磷、猛杀威、克螨特、残杀威、丙硫磷、发果、拒嗪酮、吡唑硫磷、反灭虫菊、除虫菊、哒螨酮、pyridathion、嘧胺苯醚、蚊蝇醚,
喹噁磷,
Ribavirin,
杀抗松、硫线磷、灭虫硅醚、艾克敌、Spirodiclofen、治螟磷、乙丙硫磷,
氟胺氰菊酯、双苯酰肼、吡螨胺、嘧丙磷(Tebupirimiphos)、氟虫隆、七氟菊酯、双硫磷、灭虫威、特丁磷、杀虫威、辛体氯氰菊酯、Thiacloprid、Thiamethoxam、蛾蝇腈、Thiatriphos、硫环杀、硫双威、久效威、敌贝特、溴氯氰菊酯、四溴菊酯、苯螨噻、唑蚜威、三唑磷、Triazuron、Trichlophenidine、敌百虫、杀虫隆、混杀威,
蚜灭多、氟吡唑虫、麦柯特尔,
YI 5302,
Zeta-cypermethrin、Zolaprofos,
2,2-二甲基环丙烷甲酸(1R-顺)-[5-(苯基甲基)-3-呋喃基]-甲基-3-[(二氢-2-氧代-3(2H)呋喃亚基)-甲基]酯,
2,2,3,3-四甲基环丙烷甲酸[(3-苯氧基苯基)-甲基]酯,
1-[(2-氯-5-噻唑基)甲基]四氢-3,5-二甲基-N-硝基-1,3,5-三嗪-2(1H)-亚胺,
2-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)-4-[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-噁唑,
2-(乙酰基氧基)-3-十二烷基-1,4-萘二酮,
2-氯-N-[[[4-(1-苯基乙氧基)-苯基]-氨基]-羰基]-苯甲酰胺,
2-氯-N-[[[4-(2,2-二氯-1,1-二氟乙氧基)-苯基]-氨基]-羰基]苯甲酰胺,
丙基氨基甲酸(3-甲基苯基)酯,
4-[4-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲基戊基]-l-氟-2-苯氧基-苯,
4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[2-(2,6-二甲基-4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙基]硫基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮,
4-氯-2-(2-氯-2-甲基丙基)-5-[(6-碘-3-吡啶基)甲氧基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮,
4-氯-5-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲氧基]-2-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3(2H)哒嗪酮,
苏云金杆菌菌株EG-2348,
苯甲酸[2-苯甲酰基-1-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-酰肼,
丁酸[2,2-二甲基-3-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧代-l-氧杂螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-4-基]酯,
[3-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-噻唑烷亚基]-氨基氰,
二氢-2-(硝基亚甲基)-2H-1,3-噻嗪-3(4H)-甲醛,
[2-[[1,6-二氢-6-氧代-1-(苯基甲基)-4-哒嗪基]氧基]乙基]-氨基甲酸乙酯,
N-(3,4,4-三氟-1-氧代-3-丁烯基)-甘氨酸,
N-(4-氯苯基)-3-[4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-4-苯基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺,
N-[(2-氯-5-噻唑基)甲基]-N′-甲基-N″-硝基-胍,
N-甲基-N′-(1-甲基-2-丙烯基)-1,2-肼二硫代甲酰胺,
N-甲基-N′-2-丙烯基-1,2-肼二硫代甲酰胺,
O,O-二乙基-[2-(二丙基氨基)-2-氧代乙基]-乙基硫代氨基磷酸酯,
N-氰基甲基-4-三氟甲基烟酰胺,
3,5-二氯-1-(3,3-二氯-2-丙烯基氧基)-4-[3-(5-三氟甲基吡啶-2-基氧基)-丙氧基]-苯。
与其它已知活性化合物例如除草剂或肥料以及生长调节剂的混合物也是可能的。
当用作杀虫剂时,本发明活性化合物可以以其市售制剂和由上述制剂制备的应用形式与增效剂的混合物的形式存在。增效剂是能够增加所述活性化合物活性的化合物,但加入的增效剂本身不是必须有活性。
由市售制剂制备的应用形式中活性化合物的含量可以在很宽的范围内变化。使用形式中活性化合物的浓度为0.0000001-95重量%、优选0.0001-1重量%。
以适用于应用形式的常规方法进行使用。
当用于防治卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫时,活性化合物具有优良的木材和粘土残留活性以及对刷有石灰的基底具有很好的碱稳定性。
如上所提及,可按照本发明处理所有植物及其各部分。在一个优选的实施方案中,处理已有的或通过常规的生物育种方法,如杂交或原生质体融合得到的植物种类和植物品种和其各部分。在另一个优选的实施方案中,处理通过基因工程方法,任选与常规方法联合(基因修饰生物体)得到的转基因植物和植物品种及其各部分。术语“各部分”或“植物的各部分”或“植物部分”在上面已作过解释。
按照本发明,特别优选处理在各种情况下市售可得的或在使用的植物品种的植物。植物品种应理解为表示具有一定特征(“特性”),并且已通过常规育种、通过诱变或通过重组DNA技术获得的植物。它们可以是品种型、生物属型或基因型。
根据植物种类或植物品种、它们的栖息地和生长条件(土壤、气候、植物生长期、营养),按照本发明的处理方法还可导致超加和的(“协同”)作用。因此,例如,可减少用量和/或拓宽活性谱和/或提高本发明所用的物质和组合物的活性、改善植物生长、增强对高或低温的耐受性、增强对旱灾或水灾或土壤盐量的耐受性、增加花卉的性能、易于收获、加速成熟、提高收获量、提高收获产品的质量和/或提高产品的营养价值、提高产品的储存稳定性和/或可加工性,这些超出了本身所期望的效果。
属于按照本发明优选进行处理的转基因植物或植物品种(即通过基因工程得到的那些)包括通过基因材料的基因工程修饰得到的所有植物,所述基因修饰赋予这些植物特别有利的有用的性能(“特性”)。这种性能的例子是较好的植物生长、增强对高或低温的耐受性、增强对旱灾或水灾或土壤盐量的耐受性、增加花卉的性能、易于收获、加速成熟、较高的收获产量、收获产品较好的质量和/或较高的营养价值、收获产品较好的储存稳定性和/或可加工性。进一步和特别强调的所述性能的例子是提高植物对动物和微生物的害虫,如昆虫、螨、植物病菌真菌、细菌和/或病毒的抵御性,以及提高植物对某些除草活性化合物的耐受性。可提及的转基因植物的例子是重要的农作物,如谷类农作物(小麦、稻)、玉米、大豆、土豆、棉花、油菜籽油菜和水果植物(水果为苹果、梨、柑橘属水果和葡萄),特别强调的是玉米、大豆、土豆、棉花和油菜籽油菜。特别强调的特性是通过在植物中产生的毒素,特别是通过来自Thuringiensis杆菌的基因物质(例如通过基因CryIA(a)、CryIA(b)、CryIA(c)、CrylIA、CryIIIA、CryIIIB2、Cry9c、Cry2Ab、Cry3Bb和CryIF及它们的联合)(下文称作“Bt植物”)在植物中产生的那些增强植物对昆虫的抵御。还特别需要强调的特性是提高通过系统获得的抗性(SAR)、系统素(Systemin)、植物抗毒素、Elicitoren和抗性基因以及相应表达的蛋白和毒素来抗真菌、细菌和毒素的植物防护作用。此外,特别强调的特性是植物对某些除草活性化合物,如咪唑啉酮类、磺酰脲类、草甘膦类或膦基麦黄酮(例如“PAT”基因)的增强的耐受性。给予所述的需要的特性的基因也可以在转基因植物中相互联合存在。可提及的“Bt植物”的例子是以商标名YIELDGARD(例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、KnockOut(例如玉米)、StarLink(例如玉米)、Bollgard(棉花)、Nucotn(棉花)和Newleaf(土豆)出售的玉米品种、棉花品种、大豆品种和土豆品种。可提及的耐受除草剂的植物是以商标名Roundup Ready(耐受草甘膦,例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、Liberty Link(耐受膦基麦黄酮,例如油菜籽油菜)、IMI(耐受咪唑啉酮类)和STS(耐受磺酰脲类,例如玉米)出售的玉米品种、棉花品种、大豆品种。可提及的耐除草剂的植物(以常规方式除草剂耐受育种)包括以商标名Clearfield(例如玉米)出售的品种。当然,这些叙述也适用于具有所述特性或将来还要改良的基因特性的将来开发的植物或将来投放市场的植物品种。
所列的植物可按照本发明以特别有利的方式用本发明通式(I)的活性化合物或者本发明的活性混合物进行处理。上述优选的活性化合物或混合物范围也适用于这些植物的处理。特别强调的是用本文中特别提及的化合物或混合物处理植物。
本发明活性化合物不仅对植物害虫、卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫具有活性,而且在兽医领域,对防治动物寄生虫(外寄生虫)也有活性,例如硬蜱、软蜱、兽疥癣螨、虱状蒲螨、蝇(叮咬和吸食)、寄生性蝇幼虫、虱、毛虱、羽虱和跳蚤。这些寄生虫包括:
虱目,例如,血虱属、颚虱属、虱属、Pthirus spp.、管虱属;
食毛目以及钝角亚目和细角亚目,例如,毛羽虱属、Menopon spp.、巨毛虱属、羽虱属、Werneckiella spp.、Lepikentron spp.、畜虱属、嚼虱属、猫羽虱属;
双翅目以及长角亚目和短角亚目,例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、蚋属、真蚋属、白蛉属、Lutzomyia spp.、库蠓属、斑虻属、瘤虻属、黄虻属、虻属、麻翅虻属、Philipomyia spp.、蜂虱蝇属.、家蝇属、齿股蝇属、螫蝇属、角蝇属、莫蝇属、厕蝇属、舌蝇属、丽蝇属、绿蝇属、金蝇属、Wohlfahrtia spp.、麻蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、Lipoptena spp.、蜱蝇属;
蚤目,例如,蚤属、栉首蚤属、印鼠客蚤属、角叶蚤属;
异翅亚目,例如,臭虫属、椎猎蝽属、红腹猎蝽属、全圆蝽属;
蜚蠊目,例如,东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、德国小蠊、蜚蠊属;
蜱螨目以及后气门亚目和中气门亚目,例如,锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、残喙蜱属、硬蜱属、花蜱属、牛蜱属、革蜱属、Haemophysalis spp.、璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、皮刺螨属、刺利螨属、肺刺螨属、胸孔螨属、瓦螨属;
辐螨亚目(前气门亚目)和粉螨目(无气门亚目),例如,蜂跗线螨属、姬螫螨属、禽螫厘螨属、肉螨属、疮螨属、蠕形螨属、恙螨属、牦螨属、粉螨属、食酪螨属、嗜木螨属、颈下螨属、翅螨属、瘙螨属、痒螨属、耳螨属、疥螨属、痂螨属、疙螨属、胞螨属、皮膜螨属。
本发明的式(I)活性化合物也适用于防治侵扰农业家畜的节肢动物,所述农业家畜如牛、绵羊、山羊、马、猪、驴、骆驼、水牛、兔、鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅、蜜蜂,其它家养动物,例如狗、猫、笼养鸟、水族馆的鱼,还有所谓的试验动物,例如田鼠、豚鼠、大鼠和小鼠。通过防治上述节肢动物,旨在减少动物死亡和减产(肉、奶、毛、皮、蛋、蜜等)的情况,因此,通过使用本发明的活性化合物可以使畜牧业管理更经济而简便。
应用于兽医领域时,本发明式活性化合物可通过已知方法即经肠给药,例如以片剂、胶囊剂、饮剂、灌药剂、颗粒剂、膏剂、大丸剂、喂食方法、栓剂等形式给药;非经肠给药,例如通过注射(肌肉注射、皮下注射、静脉注射、腹膜内注射等),植入法给药;经鼻给药;经皮肤给药,例如以浸泡或药浴、喷雾、泼浇、擦、洗刷、撒粉方式给药,也可借助于含有活性化合物的成型制品,例如项圈、耳饰物、尾饰物、肢环(带)、笼头、装饰器具等给药。
当用于家畜、家禽、宠物等时,可将所述式(I)活性化合物作为含有1-80重量%的活性化合物的制剂形式(例如粉剂、乳剂、流动剂)直接或100-10,000倍稀释后使用,或用作药浴。
另外,发现本发明活性化合物还对损坏工业材料的昆虫具有很强的杀虫活性。
作为实例并优选列出下述昆虫,但并不限于此:
鞘翅目昆虫,如
北美家天牛、绿虎天牛(Chlorophorus pilosis)、家具窃蠹、报死材窃蠹、类翼窃蠹、Dendrobium pertinex、松芽枝窃蠹、松产品窃蠹(Priobium carpini)、褐粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus africanus)、南方粉蠹、栎粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus pubescens)、胸粉蠹(Trogoxylon aequale)、鳞毛粉蠹、材小蠹属、条木小蠹属、咖啡黑长蠹、Bostrychus capucins、褐异翅长蠹、棘长蠹属、竹竿粉长蠹。
革翅目,例如
蓝黑树蜂、云杉大树蜂、泰加大树蜂、大树蜂(Urocerus augur)。
白蚁,例如
木白蚁(Kalotermes flavicollis)、麻头堆砂白蚁、印巴结构木异白蚁、欧美散白蚁、散白蚁(Reticulitermes santonensis)、散白蚁(Reticulitermes lucifugus)、达尔文澳白蚁、内华达古白蚁、台湾乳白蚁。
缨尾目,例如台湾衣鱼。
本发明意义上的工业材料可以理解为表示无生命材料,例如优选合成材料、粘合剂、胶、纸和板、皮革、木材、木制品和涂料。
木材以及木制品是特别需要优选保护使其免受昆虫侵袭的材料。
可用本发明组合物或含有本发明组合物的混合物保护的木材和木制品可以理解为表示,例如:
建筑用木材、木梁、铁路轨枕、桥梁组件、桥型码头、木制交通工具、箱子、货架、集装箱、电话线杆、木外罩、木窗和木门、胶合板、粗纸板、在房屋建筑或建筑细木工行业中常用的细木工或木制品。
所述活性化合物可直接,或以浓缩形式或常规制剂,如粉剂、颗粒剂、溶液、悬浮剂、乳剂或糊剂方式使用。
上述制剂可以已知方法制备,例如通过将所述活性化合物与至少一种溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂、分散剂和/或粘合剂或固定剂、抗水剂混合,以及如需要加入催干剂和UV稳定剂以及如需要加入染料和颜料和其它加工助剂。
用于保护木材和木制品的杀虫组合物或浓缩物中包括0.0001至95重量%,特别是0.001至60重量%浓度的本发明活性化合物。
组合物或浓缩物的使用量是根据昆虫的种类和个体密度以及介质而确定的。最佳施用量各自可在应用时通过系列试验确定。然而基于需保护的材料,通常使用0.0001至20重量%,优选0.001至10重量%的活性化合物是足够的。
适合的溶剂和/或稀释剂是有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或低挥发性的油性或油类有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或水,如需要可加入乳化剂和/或湿润剂。
优选使用的有机化学溶剂是油性或油类溶剂,其蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃,并优选大于45℃。用作上述低挥发度以及不溶于水的油性和油类溶剂物质是相应的矿物油或它们的芳族馏分,或含有矿物油的溶剂混合物,优选石油溶剂、石油和/或烷基苯。
优选使用沸程为170-220℃的矿物油、沸程为170-220℃的石油溶剂、沸程为250-350℃的锭子油、沸程为160-280℃的石油或芳烃,以及松节油等。
在一个优选实施方案中,使用沸程为180-210℃的液体脂族烃或沸程为180-220℃的芳族和脂族烃的高沸程混合物和/或锭子油和/或一氯代萘,优选α-一氯代萘。
蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃的低挥发度的有机油性或油类溶剂可用易或中挥发度的有机溶剂部分替换,条件是溶剂混合物的蒸发值同样大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃,以及该杀虫剂-杀菌剂混合物可溶或可乳化于上述溶剂混合物中。
在优选实施方案中,部分有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物被脂族极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物替代。优选使用含有羟基和/或酯基和/或醚基的脂族有机溶剂,例如乙二醇醚、酯等。
本发明使用的有机化学粘合剂是合成树脂和/或粘合干性油,它们本身已知可用水稀释和/或可溶解或分散或乳化于上述使用的机化学溶剂中,特别是由下列物质组成的或包含下列物质的粘合剂:丙烯酸树脂、乙烯基树脂,例如聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚酯类树脂、缩聚或加聚树脂、聚氨酯树脂、醇酸树脂或改性的醇酸树脂、酚醛树脂、烃类树脂,如茚/香豆酮树脂、有机硅树脂、干性植物油和/或干性油和/或基于天然和/或合成树脂的物理干性粘合剂。
用作粘合剂的合成树脂可以乳剂、分散剂或溶液形式使用。沥青或沥青状物质也可用作粘合剂,用量至多为10重量%。还可以使用已知的染料、颜料、防水剂、气味调节剂和抑制剂或防腐剂等。
在本发明组合物或浓缩物中优选包括作为有机化学粘合剂的至少一种醇酸树脂或改性醇酸树脂和/或干性植物油。本发明优选使用含油量大于45重量%,优选50-68重量%的醇酸树脂。
上述粘合剂可全部或部分被固定剂(混合物)或增塑剂(混合物)替代。加入这些添加剂的目的是防止活性化合物的蒸发以及结晶或沉淀。它们优选替代0.01至30%的粘合剂(以使用的粘合剂为100%计)。
增塑剂选自邻苯二甲酸酯类的化学物质,如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或邻苯二甲酸苄基丁基酯;磷酸酯类如磷酸三丁酯;己二酸酯,如二-(2-乙基己基)己二酸酯;硬脂酸酯,如硬脂酸丁酯或硬脂酸戊酯;油酸酯,如油酸丁酯;甘油醚或高分子量的乙二醇醚;甘油酯和对甲苯磺酸酯。
固定剂在化学上基于聚乙烯烷基醚,如聚乙烯基甲基醚或酮,如二苯甲酮和亚乙基二苯甲酮。
其它适用的溶剂或稀释剂特别是水,任选与一种或多种上述有机化学溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂和分散剂混合使用。
特别有效的木材保护方法是通过大批量的浸渍方法,例如通过真空、双真空或加压方法达到。
现用制剂还可任选包含其它的杀虫剂和任选其它的一种或多种杀菌剂。
其它的共混组分优选包括在WO 94/29 268中提及的杀虫剂和杀菌剂。将在这些文献中提及的化合物引入本文并作为本申请的一部分。
十分特别优选的共混组分可以是杀虫剂,如毒死蜱、腈肟磷、灭虫硅醚(Silafluofin)、甲体氯氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、吡虫啉、NI-25、氟虫脲、氟铃脲、四氟菊酯、Thiacloprid、methoxyphenoxid和杀虫隆,以及杀菌剂,如Epoxyconazole、己唑醇、戊环唑、丙环唑、戊唑醇、环唑醇、环戊唑菌、烯菌灵、抑菌灵、对甲抑菌灵、3-碘-2-丙炔基-丁基氨基甲酸酯、N-辛基-异噻唑啉-3-酮和4,5-二氯-N-辛基-异噻唑啉-3-酮。
同样,本发明的活性化合物可用于保护经常与海水或盐水接触的各种物品,如船体、滤器、网、船体结构、锚和信号装置免受生物附着。
由于定居性寡毛纲目,如龙介虫科以及甲壳类和Ledamorpha(茗荷儿)类,如各种茗荷属和铠茗荷属,或藤壶亚目(藤壶虫),如藤壶属或指茗荷属的附着增加了船体的摩擦阻力并由于增加了能源消耗以及此外经常滞留干船坞,这样明显增加了运营成本。
此外附着生物还有海藻,例如水云属和仙菜属,特别重要的是定居性软甲亚纲(昆甲类)的附着,该昆甲类包括在蔓足纲(蔓足类甲壳动物)中。
令人惊奇地,现已发现本发明的活性化合物本身或者与其它活性物质的组合具有突出的防污(抗植被)作用。
通过使用本发明的活性化合物本身或者与其它活性物质组合,可以不使用重金属,如,例如硫化二(三烷基锡)、月桂酸三正丁基锡、氯化三正丁基锡、氧化亚铜、氯化三乙基锡、三正丁基(2-苯基-4-氯苯氧基)-锡、氧化三丁基锡、二硫化钼、氧化锑、聚合钛酸丁酯、苯基-(联吡啶)-三氯化铋、氟化三正丁基锡、亚乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锰、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锌、2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧化物的锌和铜盐、双二甲基二硫代氨基甲酰基亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锌、氧化锌、亚乙基双二硫代氨基甲酸亚铜、硫氰酸铜、环烷酸铜和卤化三丁基锡,或显著降低上述化合物浓度。
即用防污漆还可任选包含其它活性化合物,优选杀藻剂、杀菌剂、除草剂、杀软体动物剂或其它防污活性化合物。
下列组分优选用于本发明防污组合物的混合组分:
杀藻剂,如
2-叔丁基氨基-4-环丙基氨基-6-甲硫基-1,3,5-三嗪、双氯酚、敌草隆、草藻灭、醋酸三苯基锡、异丙隆、噻唑隆、乙氧氟草醚、灭藻醌和特丁净,
杀菌剂,如
苯并[b]噻吩甲酸环己基酰胺-S,S-二氧化物、抑菌灵、Fluorfolpet、3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯、对甲抑菌灵和唑类,如戊环唑、环唑醇、氧唑菌、己唑醇、环戊唑菌、丙环唑和戊唑醇;
杀软体动物剂,如
醋酸三苯基锡、四聚乙醛、灭虫威、贝螺杀、硫双威和混杀威;
或常用防污活性化合物,如
4,5-二氯-2-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、二碘甲基paratryl砜、2-(N,N-二甲基硫代氨基甲酰基硫基)-5-硝基噻唑基、2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧化物的钾、铜、钠和锌盐、吡啶三苯基硼烷、四丁基二锡氧烷、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲磺酰基)-吡啶、2,4,5,6-四氯间苯二腈、二硫化四甲基秋兰姆和2,4,6-三氯苯基马来酰亚胺。
使用的防污组合物中包含浓度为0.001至50重量%,特别是0.01至20重量%的本发明活性化合物。
本发明防污组合物还包括在下述文献例如Ungerer,Chem.Ind.1985,37,730-732和Williams,Antifouling MarineCoatings,Noyes,Park Ridge,1973中公开的常用组分。
除了杀藻、杀菌、杀软体动物活性化合物和本发明的杀虫活性化合物外,防污涂料组合物中还特别包括粘合剂。
公知的粘合剂的实例包括溶剂体系中的聚氯乙烯、溶剂体系中的氯化橡胶、溶剂体系特别是含水体系中的丙烯酸树脂、水分散体形式或有机溶剂体系形式的氯乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物体系、丁二烯/苯乙烯/丙烯腈橡胶、干性油,如亚麻子油,树脂酯或与焦油或沥青、柏油以及环氧化合物、少量的氯化橡胶、氯化聚丙烯和乙烯基树脂混合形成的改性硬树脂。
涂料中还任选可包含优选不溶于海水的无机颜料、有机颜料或染料。涂料中还可包括如松香类物质,以使活性化合物可控制地释放。此外,涂料中可以包含增塑剂,影响流变性质的改良剂,以及其它常规组分。还可以将本发明化合物或上述混合物加入自抛光防污体系中。
所述活性化合物还适于防治封闭空间,如公寓、厂房、办公室、车厢等空间中发生的有害动物,特别是昆虫、蜘蛛和螨。它们本身或与其它活性物质和助剂组合可通过被加入用于防治上述害虫的家用杀虫剂产品中使用。它们对敏感和抗性种群以及所有发育阶段都有杀虫活性。这些有害动物包括:
蝎目,例如钳蝎(Buthus occitanus)。
蜱螨目,例如波斯锐缘蜱、翘缘锐缘蜱、苔螨属、鸡皮刺螨、家食甜螨、非洲钝缘蜱、血红扇头蜱、恙螨(Trombicula alfreddugesi)、Neutrombicula autumnalis、屋尘螨、粉尘螨。
蛛形目,例如鸟蛤蛛科、园蛛科。
盲蛛目,例如拟蝎类(Pseudoscorpiones chelifer)、Pseudoscorpionescheiridium、Opiliones phalangium。
等足目,例如潮虫、鼠妇。
倍足目,例如具斑马陆、山蛩虫属。
唇足目,例如地蜈蚣属。
Zygentoma目,例如栉衣鱼属、台湾衣鱼、Lepismodes inquilinus。
蜚蠊目,例如东方蜚蠊、德国小蠊、小蠊属(Blattella asahinai)、马得拉蜚蠊、角腹蠊属、木蠊属、澳洲大蠊、美洲大蠊、褐斑大蠊、黑胸大蠊、长须蜚蠊。
跳跃亚目,例如家蟀。
革翅目,例如欧洲球螋。
等翅目,例如木白蚁属、散白蚁属。
啮虫目,例如Lepinatus属、粉啮虫属。
鞘翅目,例如圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、皮蠹属、长头谷蠹、隐跗郭公虫属、蛛甲属、谷蠹、谷象、米象、玉米象、药材甲。
双翅目,例如埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊、Aedes taeniorhynchus、按蚊属、红头丽蝇、高额麻虻、致倦库蚊、尖音库蚊、Culex tarsalis、果蝇属、夏厕蝇、家蝇、白蛉属、麻蝇(Sarcophaga carnaria)、蚋属、厩螫蝇、大蚊(Tipula paludosa)。
鳞翅目,例如小蜡螟、蜡螟、印度古斑螟、谷蛾、袋谷蛾、幕谷蛾。
蚤目,例如犬栉首蚤、猫栉首蚤指名亚种、人蚤、穿皮潜蚤、印鼠客蚤。
膜翅目,例如广布弓背蚁、亮毛蚁、黑毛蚁、Lasius umbratus、小家蚁、Paravespula属、铺道蚁。
虱目,例如头虱、体虱、阴虱。
异翅亚目,例如热带臭虫、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽、侵扰锥猎蝽。
在家用杀虫剂领域的应用通过它们本身或者与其它合适的活性物质,如磷酸酯类、氨基甲酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类、生长调节剂类或其它已知杀虫剂类的活性化合物联合进行。
它们可以如下述使用:气溶胶,非增压喷雾剂,例如泵喷雾、喷洒喷雾、烟雾发生器、浓雾、泡沫、凝胶、带有纤维素或聚合物制成的蒸发片的蒸发产品、液体蒸发器、凝胶和薄膜蒸发器、推进式蒸发器、不需能量或被动式蒸发系统、捕蛀虫纸、捕蛾袋和捕虫胶、作为颗粒剂或粉剂、在撒布饵料中或饵料位置。
本发明化合物的制备和应用通过下述实施例进行说明。
制备实施例
实施例1:
在70℃下,向1.1g(4.1毫摩尔)3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(实施例II-1)、0.1ml三乙胺和80ml甲基叔丁基醚的混合物中加入0.63g(4.1毫摩尔)4-氯苯基异氰酸酯。在70℃下搅拌该混合物15分钟,然后慢慢冷却至室温,抽滤沉淀出的产物并用少量甲基叔丁基醚洗涤,得到1.4g(理论量的80%)N-[3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1-吡唑甲酰]-4-氯苯胺,LogP(pH 2)=3.64。
实施例2:
(方法b)
在0℃下,向0.2g(5毫摩尔)氢化钠(60%于矿物油中)在20ml四氢呋喃的悬浮液中加入2.4g N-[3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1-吡唑甲酰]-4-三氟甲氧基苯胺(5毫摩尔),然后加入1.2g(10毫摩尔)溴乙腈。加热回流该混合物18小时,然后减压浓缩。向残余物中加入50ml水并用乙酸乙酯萃取反应产物。有机相经硫酸钠干燥并减压浓缩,通过制备HPLC纯化残余物,得到0.15g(理论量的6%)N-[3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1-吡唑甲酰]-(N-氰基甲基)-4′-三氟甲氧基-苯胺,LogP(pH 2)=3.68。
(方法c)
在0℃下,向2.7g(10毫摩尔)3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(实施例II-1)、1.5ml三乙胺和50ml二氯甲烷的混合物中加入2.78g(10毫摩尔)N-氰基甲基-N-(4-三氟甲氧基苯基)-氨基甲酰氯(实施例Va-1),在室温下搅拌该混合物18小时并用各30ml水洗涤两次。有机上经硫酸钠干燥并减压蒸发,残余物用乙醇搅拌、抽滤并用乙醇洗涤,得到4.05g(理论量的79%)N-[3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1-吡唑甲酰]-(N-氰基甲基)-4-三氟甲氧基-苯胺,LogP(pH 2)=3.68。
(方法c,一锅法)
在0℃下,向16g(0.054摩尔)三光气(碳酸-二-三氯甲基酯)的100ml二氯甲烷溶液中滴加34.56g(0.16摩尔)N-氰基甲基-(4-三氟甲氧基)苯胺(实施例XII-1)和16.5g(0.163摩尔)三乙胺的75ml二氯甲烷溶液并在室温下搅拌该混合物半小时,向其中滴加43.4g(0.16摩尔)3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑(实施例II-1)和16.5g(0.163摩尔)三乙胺的75ml二氯甲烷溶液。在室温下继续搅拌该混合物18小时,然后各用100ml水洗涤两次。有机相经硫酸钠干燥并减压蒸发,残余物用乙醇搅拌、抽滤并用乙醇洗涤,得到65.3g(理论量的79%)N-[3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1-吡唑甲酰]-(N-氰基甲基)-4-三氟甲氧基-苯胺,LogP(pH 2)=3.68。
类似于实施例1和2和/或按照制备的一般说明得到了下述表1中列出的式(I)化合物:
表1:
实施例编号 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | logP(pH2)/熔点 |
3 | CN | Cl | OCF3 | H | 3.91 |
4 | CN | Cl | CF3 | H | 3.86 |
5 | CN | Cl | SCF3 | H | 4.27 |
6 | CN | Cl | OCF3 | COOCH3 | 3.82 |
7 | CN | Cl | OCF3 | COOC2H5 | 4.06 |
8 | CN | Cl | OCF3 | COOC4H9-t. | 4.84 |
9 | CN | Br | OCF3 | H | 4.00 |
10 | CN | Br | SCF3 | H | 4.35 |
11 | CN | Br | SO2CF3 | H | 3.88 |
12 | CN | Cl | SOCF3 | H | 3.28 |
13 | CN | I | OCF3 | H | 4.12 |
14 | CN | I | SCF3 | H | 4.48 |
15 | CN | SCF3 | OCF3 | H | 4.39 |
16 | CN | SCF3 | SCF3 | H | 4.73 |
17 | COOCH3 | Cl | OCF3 | H | 3.95 |
18 | CN | Cl | SO2CF3 | H | 3.78 |
19 | CON(CH3)2 | Cl | OCF3 | H | 3.27 |
20 | CONHCH3 | Cl | OCF3 | H | 3.07 |
21 | CONHCH3 | Cl | SCF3 | H | 3.39 |
22 | CONHCH3 | Cl | SO2CF3 | H | 3.00 |
23 | CONH2 | Cl | OCF3 | H | 2.94 |
实施例编号 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | logP(pH2)/熔点 |
24 | CONH2 | Cl | SCF3 | H | 3.24 |
25 | CONH2 | Cl | SO2CF3 | H | 2.94 |
26 | CON(CH3)2 | Cl | SCF3 | H | 3.27 |
27 | CON(CH3)2 | Cl | SO2CF3 | H | 3.27 |
28 | CN | Cl | Br | H | 3.73 |
29 | CN | Cl | CN | H | 3.00 |
30 | CN | Cl | I | H | 3.90 |
31 | CN | Cl | Cl | CH2CN | 3.42 |
32 | CN | Cl | SCF3 | CH2CN | 3.90 |
33 | CN | Br | OCF3 | CH2CN | 3.75 |
34 | CN | Br | SCF3 | CH2CN | 3.99 |
35 | CN | Br | CF3 | CH2CN | 3.63 |
36 | CN | Cl | CF3 | CH2CN | 3.56 |
37 | CN | Br | CF3 | H | 3.94 |
38 | CN | F | Cl | H | 熔点230℃ |
39 | CN | F | OCF3 | H | 熔点214℃ |
40 | CN | F | CF3 | H | 熔点234℃ |
41 | COOCH3 | Cl | SCF3 | H | |
42 | COOCH3 | Cl | SO2CF3 | H | |
43 | COOC2H5 | Cl | OCF3 | H | |
44 | COOCH3 | Br | OCF3 | H | |
45 | CSNH2 | Cl | OCF3 | H | |
46 | CN | Br | Br | H | |
47 | CN | Br | I | H |
式(II)原料的制备
实施例(II-1):
在室温下,向5g(0.02摩尔)2-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4′-氯苯乙酮(实施例VI-1)的50ml二氯甲烷溶液中加入2.16g(0.021摩尔)双-二甲基氨基甲烷,并加热该混合物回流18小时。然后减压蒸出溶剂。将残余物溶于50ml乙醇中,加入1.13g(0.0226摩尔)水合肼,在30℃下搅拌该反应混合物3小时,抽滤沉淀出的产物,用较冷的乙醇和水洗涤,得到3.3g(理论量的61%)3-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4,5-二氢-1H-吡唑,logP(pH2)=2.11。
类似于实施例(II-1)和/或按照制备的一般说明得到了下述表2中列出的式(II)化合物:
表2:
实施例编号 | R1 | R2 | logP(pH2) |
II-2 | CN | Br | 2.20 |
II-3 | CN | I | 2.33 |
II-4 | CN | SCF3 | 2.78 |
II-5 | COOCH3 | Cl | 2.13 |
II-6 | CON(CH3)2 | Cl | 1.54 |
II-7 | CONHCH3 | Cl | 1.38 |
II-8 | CONH2 | Cl | 1.28 |
II-9 | COOC2H5 | Cl | |
II-10 | COOCH3 | Br | |
II-11 | CSNH2 | Cl |
式(V)原料的制备
实施例(Va-1)
在0℃下,向10.4g(0.105摩尔)光气的100ml甲苯溶液中滴加20.7g(0.0958摩尔)N-氰基甲基-4-三氟甲氧基苯胺(实施例XII-1)和11.6g(0.115摩尔)三乙胺的150ml甲苯溶液并在室温下搅拌该混合物18小时。然后排出过量的光气,用水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥有机相并减压蒸出溶剂,得到26.3g(理论量的94%)N-氰基甲基-N-(4-三氟甲氧基)苯基氨基甲酰基氯,折光指数为nD 20为1.4816。
类似于实施例(Va-1)和/或按照制备的一般说明得到了下述表4中列出的式(Va)化合物:
表3
实施例编号 | R7 | 折光指数nD 20 |
Va-2 | SCF3 | 1,5166 |
Va-3 | CF3 | 1,4859 |
Va-4 | OCF2CHF2 |
式(VI)前体的制备
实施例(VI-1):
在室温下搅拌9.3g(0.04摩尔)2-溴-4′-氯苯乙酮、3.9g(0.042摩尔)4-氰基吡唑(制备参见JP H59-196868)、6.1g(0.044摩尔)碳酸钾和50ml乙腈的混合物16小时,然后向反应混合物中加入约200ml水,抽滤出沉淀的产物并用水洗涤,得到9.5g(理论量的97%)2-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4′-氯苯乙酮,logP(pH 2)=2.20。
实施例(VI-2):
第一步:
在回流下加热15g(0.061摩尔)2-(4-氰基吡唑-1-基)-4′-氯苯乙酮、50ml浓盐酸和50ml乙酸的混合物5小时,然后用水稀释该反应混合物,抽滤出沉淀的产物并用水洗涤,得到14.4g(理论量的89%)1-(4-氯苯甲酰甲基)-吡唑-4-甲酸,logP(pH2)=1.67。
第二步:
向7.9g(0.03摩尔)1-(4-氯苯甲酰甲基)-吡唑-4-甲酸的50ml二氯甲烷溶液中加入2至3滴二甲基甲酰胺,然后加入6g(0.05摩尔)氯化亚砜。加热回流该混合物3小时,然后减压浓缩。将残余物溶于30ml四氢呋喃中并将该溶液滴加到30ml二甲胺溶液(40%的水溶液)中。在室温下搅拌2小时,然后减压蒸发溶剂,残余物用100ml水处理并用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物。有机相经硫酸钠干燥并减压蒸发,得到2.8g(理论量的32%)1-(4-氯苯甲酰甲基)-吡唑-4-甲酸二甲基酰胺,logP(pH 2)=1.62。
类似于实施例(VI-1)和(VI-2)和/或按照制备的一般说明得到了列于下表3中的式(VI)化合物:
表4:
实施例编号 | R1 | R2 | logP(pH2) |
VI-3 | CN | Br | 2,31 |
VI-4 | CN | I | 2,47 |
VI-5 | CN | SCF3 | 2.91 |
VI-6 | COOCH3 | Cl | 2,20 |
VI-7 | CONHCH3 | Cl | 1,44 |
VI-8 | CONH2 | Cl | 1.33 |
VI-9 | COOC2H5 | Cl | |
VI-10 | COOCH3 | Br | |
VI-11 | CSNH2 | Cl |
式(XII)的前体的制备
实施例(XII-1)
在15℃下,向44g(0.25摩尔)4-三氟甲氧基苯胺的200ml乙酸溶液中加入7.9g(0.26摩尔)多聚甲醛并在15-20℃下滴加20.6g(0.318摩尔)氰化钾的50ml水溶液。在30℃下搅拌该混合物18小时,然后减压蒸出溶剂,向残余物中加入约200ml水,抽滤出沉淀的产物并用水充分洗涤,得到52.4g(理论量的97%)N-氰基甲基-4-三氟甲氧基苯胺,为无色晶体,logP(pH 2)=2.49。
类似于实施例(XII-1)和/或按照制备的一般说明得到了列于下表5中的式(XII)化合物:
表5:
实施例编号 | R7 | logP(pH2) |
XII-2 | SCF3 | 2,82 |
XII-3 | CF3 | 2,36 |
XII-4 | OCF2CHF2 |
在上述表格和制备实施例中给出的LogP-值的测定是按照EEC-Directive 79/831附件V.A8通过HPLC(高效液相色谱)在反相柱(C 18)上测得的,温度:43℃。
所述测定在pH 2.3的酸性范围进行,用0.1%的磷酸水溶液和乙腈流动相;线性梯度从10%乙腈→90%乙腈。
用已知logP-值(根据保留时间通过两个连续的链烷酮的线性外推测定logP-值)的未支化的链烷-2-酮(具有3-16个碳原子)进行校正。
应用实施例:
实施例A:
Diabrotica-试验(土壤中的幼虫)
溶剂:7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
用活性化合物制剂浇灌装有土的盆,然后立即每盆放入5颗玉米粒,3天后将黄瓜条叶甲(Diabrotica balteata)-幼虫放到处理过的土上。所给出的浓度为每单位体积土壤活性化合物的量(mg/l)。
在希望的时间后计数露出土表的玉米苗并计算效率。对此,100%表示所有玉米植物都发芽;0%表示没有玉米植物发芽。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表A
损害植物的昆虫
Diabrotica-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 10天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
实施例B
烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)试验
溶剂:30重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将大豆嫩枝(Glycine max)通过浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理,当叶子仍潮湿时放上烟芽夜蛾的毛虫。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。对此,100%表示所有毛虫都被杀死;0%表示没有毛虫被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表B
损害植物的昆虫
烟芽夜蛾-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
500 100
500 100
表B
损害植物的昆虫
烟芽夜蛾-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
实施例C
Phaedon-幼虫-试验
溶剂:7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含有乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
通过将甘蓝叶子(Brassica oleracea)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在叶子仍然潮湿时放上辣根叶甲虫(Phaedoncochleariae)的幼虫。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。其中100%表示所述甲虫幼虫都被杀死;0%表示没有甲虫幼虫被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表C
损害植物的昆虫
Phaedon幼虫-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
表C
损害植物的昆虫
Phaedon幼虫-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
500 100
表C
损害植物的昆虫
Phaedon幼虫-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
实施例D
Plutella-试验
溶剂:30重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
通过将甘蓝叶子(Brassica oleracea)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在叶子仍然潮湿时放上覃蝇(Plutella xylostella)的毛虫。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。其中100%表示所述毛虫都被杀死;0%表示没有毛虫被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表D
损害植物的昆虫
Plutella-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
500 100
500 100
表D
损害植物的昆虫
Plutella-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
实施例E
Spodoptera exigua-试验
溶剂:30重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
通过将甘蓝叶子(Brassica oleracea)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在叶子仍然潮湿时放上覃蝇(Spodoptera exigua)的毛虫。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。其中100%表示所述毛虫幼虫都被杀死;0%表示没有毛虫幼虫被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表E
损害植物的昆虫
Spodoptera exigua-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
实施例F
草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)-试验
溶剂: 30重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含有乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
通过将甘蓝叶子(Brassica oleracea)浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理并在叶子仍然潮湿时放上草地贪夜蛾的毛虫。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。其中100%表示所述毛虫都被杀死;0%表示没有毛虫被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表F
损害植物的昆虫
草地贪夜蛾-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
500 100
表F
损害植物的昆虫
草地贪夜蛾-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
表F
损害植物的昆虫
草地贪夜蛾-试验
活性化合物 活性化合物 7天后的
浓度,ppm 杀死率,%
500 100
500 100
实施例G
作用时间试验:烟芽夜蛾
溶剂:4重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
用所述浓度的活性化合物制剂喷洒棉花植物(Gossypiumhirsutum),在给定的天数后于接种室中,将烟芽夜蛾-幼虫放在处理过叶片上。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。其中100%表示所述毛虫都被杀死;0%表示没有毛虫被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表G
损害植物的昆虫
作用时间试验:烟芽夜蛾
活性化合物 活性化合物 感染后7天
浓度,ppm 的杀死率,%
实施例H
作用时间试验:草地贪夜蛾
溶剂:4重量份丙酮
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用含乳化剂的水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷洒棉花植物(Gossypiumhirsutum),在给定的天数后于接种室中,将覃蝇(草地贪夜蛾)幼虫放在处理过叶片上。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。其中100%表示所述毛虫都被杀死;0%表示没有毛虫被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表H
损害植物的昆虫
作用时间试验:草地贪夜蛾活性化合物 活性化合物 感染后7天
浓度,ppm 的杀死率,%
实施例I
黄瓜条叶甲-试验(土壤中的幼虫)
临界浓度试验/土壤昆虫-转基因植物的处理
溶剂:7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂混合,加入上述量的乳化剂,并用水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将所述活性化合物制剂浇到土壤上。对此该制剂中活性化合物的浓度实际不起作用,起决定作用的只是每单位体积的土壤中活性化合物的重量,用ppm(mg/l)表示。将所述土壤装到0.25l的盆中并在20℃保存。
然后立即向各盆中放入5粒预发芽的YIELD GUARD(MonsantoComp.,USA的商标)种的玉米粒。两天后向处理过的土壤中放入相应的测试昆虫。再过7天后通过计数露出土表的玉米苗确定活性化合物的效率(1棵植物=20%活性)。
实施例J
烟芽夜蛾-试验(处理转基因植物)
溶剂:7重量份二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:1重量份烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份活性化合物与上述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并用水稀释浓缩物至所需浓度。
将各种Rundup Ready(Monsanto Comp.,USA的商标)的大豆嫩枝(Glycine max)通过浸入所需浓度的活性化合物制剂中进行处理,并在大豆页仍然潮湿时放上烟夜蛾(Tabakknospenraupe)烟芽夜蛾。
在规定时间后测定用%表示的杀死率。对此,100%表示所有毛虫都被杀死;0%表示没有毛虫被杀死。
实施例K
丽蝇(Blowfly)-幼虫-试验/抑制发育作用
测试动物:Lucilia cuprina幼虫
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶于1ml二甲亚砜中,用蒸馏水稀释制备较小的浓度。
将约20只Lucilia cuprina幼虫放入含有约1cm3马肉和0.5ml待测活性化合物制剂的试管中。24和48小时后确定活性化合物制剂的活性。将试管转移至用砂子覆盖底部的烧杯中,再过2天后除去试管并计数蛹的数量。
根据在未处理的对照发育期1.5倍后孵出的蝇的数量评价活性化合物制剂的活性。对此,100%表示没有蝇孵出,0%表示所有的蝇正常孵出。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表K-1
丽蝇-幼虫-试验/抑制发育作用
活性化合物 浓度,ppm 活性/48小时后
的杀死率,%
100/20 100/100
100/20 100/100
表K-1
丽蝇-幼虫-试验/抑制发育作用
活性化合物 浓度,ppm 活性/48小时后
的杀死率,%
表K-2
丽蝇-幼虫-试验/抑制发育作用
活性化合物 浓度,ppm 活性/14天后
的杀死率,%
100/20 100/100
100/20 100/100
表K-2
丽蝇-幼虫-试验/抑制发育作用
活性化合物 浓度,ppm 活性/14天后
的杀死率,%
实施例L
用微小牛蜱(Boophilus microplus)抗性/SP-抗性Parkhurst品种进行试验
试验动物:成年吮吸的母畜
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶于1ml二甲亚砜中,用相同的溶剂稀释制备较小的浓度。
该试验测定5次。将1μl所述溶液注射到腹部,将动物转移至盘中并放在空调室中。根据7天后排出的卵检测活性,将从外表不能确定的受胎能力的卵放于培养箱中的玻璃管中,直至幼虫孵出。活性100%表示没有蜱孵出有受胎能力的卵。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表L
用微小牛蜱抗性/SP-抗性Parkhurst品种进行试验
活性化合物 浓度μg 活性/杀死率,%
动物
实施例M
用家蝇(Musca domestica)试验
试验动物:成年家蝇,Reichswald品种(OP,SP,氨基甲酸酯-抗性)
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶于1ml二甲亚砜中,用蒸馏水稀释制备较小的浓度。
将2ml所述活性化合物制剂移液至放在相应大小的佩特里培养皿中的滤纸片(Φ9.5cm)上,在滤纸干燥后,将25只测试动物转移至培养皿中并盖上盖。
1、3、5、24和48小时后(或者在下表中给出的时间之后)确定活性化合物制剂的活性。对此,100%表示所有苍蝇都被杀死,0%表示没有苍蝇被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表M
用家蝇(Musca domestica)试验
活性化合物 浓度,ppm 效果/杀死率,%
100 75
100 60
实施例N
蟑螂试验
试验动物:美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶于1ml二甲亚砜中,用蒸馏水稀释制备较小的浓度。
将4只测试动物浸入待测活性化合物制剂中1分钟。在转移至塑料烧杯中并于空调室中放置7天后,确定杀死率。对此,100%表示所有蟑螂都被杀死,0%表示没有蟑螂被杀死。
活性化合物、活性化合物浓度和试验结果列于下表中。
表N
蟑螂试验
活性化合物 浓度,ppm 效果/杀死率,
%
100 25
100/20 100/25
表N
蟑螂试验
活性化合物 浓度,ppm 效果/杀死率,
%
100 25
Claims (17)
2.按照权利要求1的式(I)的吡唑啉-衍生物,其中
R1表示氰基、C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基、氨基甲酰基、硫代氨基甲酰基、C1-C4-烷基氨基-羰基或二-C1-C4-烷基氨基-羰基,
R2表示氟、氯、溴、碘;C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-烷基硫基、C1-C4-卤代烷基硫基、C1-C4-烷基-磺酰基、C1-C4-卤代烷基磺酰基或者氰基,
R3表示氟、氯、溴、碘;C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷氧基、C1-C4-卤代烷基硫基、C1-C4-卤代烷基亚硫酰基、C1-C4-卤代烷基磺酰基或者氰基,和
R4表示氢、氰基甲基或C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基。
3.按照权利要求1的式(I)的吡唑啉-衍生物,其中
R1表示氰基、C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基、氨基甲酰基、硫代氨基甲酰基、C1-C2-烷基氨基-羰基或二-C1-C2-烷基氨基-羰基,
R2表示氟、氯、溴、碘、氰基;C1-C2-烷基硫基、C1-C2-烷基磺酰基以及表示各具有1至5个相同或不同的选自氟、氯和溴的卤素原子的C1-C2-卤代烷基、C1-C2-卤代烷氧基、C1-C2-卤代烷基硫基或C1-C2-卤代烷基磺酰基,
R3表示氯、溴、碘、氰基;以及表示各具有1至5个相同或不同的选自氟、氯和溴的卤素原子的C1-C2-卤代烷基、C1-C2-卤代烷氧基、C1-C2-卤代烷基硫基、C1-C2-卤代烷基亚硫酰基或者C1-C2-卤代烷基磺酰基,
R4表示氢、氰基甲基或者C1-C4-烷氧基-羰基。
4.按照权利要求1的式(I)的吡唑啉-衍生物,其中
R1表示氰基。
5.制备按照权利要求1的式(I)的吡唑啉-衍生物的方法,其特征在于
a)式(II)的吡唑啉
其中R1和R2具有权利要求1中给出的含义,
与式(III)的异氰酸酯
其中R3具有权利要求1中给出的含义,
任选在稀释剂存在下和任选在催化剂存在下反应;
和
b)任选将如此得到的本发明的式(Ia)的吡唑啉-衍生物
其中
R1、R2和R3具有权利要求1中给出的含义,
与式(IV)的卤化物
Hal1-R4 (IV)
其中
R4具有权利要求1中给出的含义,和
Hal1表示卤素,
任选在稀释剂存在下和任选在碱存在下反应,
或者
c)式(Ib)的吡唑啉-衍生物
其中R1、R2和R3具有权利要求1中给出的含义,
也可通过如下得到:
式(II)的吡唑啉类化合物
其中R1和R2具有权利要求1中给出的含义,
与式(V)氨基甲酰氯
其中
R3具有权利要求1中给出的含义,
在稀释剂存在下和任选在碱存在下反应。
6.杀虫剂组合物,其特征在于除了增量剂和/或表面活性剂外,含有至少一种权利要求1的式(I)化合物。
7.权利要求1的式(I)化合物用于防治害虫的用途。
8.防治害虫的方法,其特征在于将权利要求1的式(I)化合物作用于害虫和/或它们的栖息地。
9.杀虫剂组合物的制备方法,其特征在于将权利要求1的式(I)化合物与增量剂和/或表面活性剂混合。
10.式(II)的吡唑啉类化合物
其中
R1和R2具有权利要求1中给出的含义。
11.制备按照权利要求10的式(II)的吡唑啉的方法,其特征在于d)式(VI)的被取代的苯乙酮类化合物
其中R1和R2具有权利要求1中给出的含义,
在第一步中与式(VII)的双-二烷基氨基甲烷
(Alk)2N-CH2-N(Alk)2 (VII)
其中Alk表示C1-C4-烷基,
在惰性有机溶剂(优选卤代烃)存在下,于0℃-120℃,优选20℃-80℃温度下反应,并且任选分离由此生成的式(VIII)的二烷基氨基烷基酮类化合物
其中R1和R2具有权利要求1中给出的含义,和
Alk具有上述含义,
和在第二步中与肼(水合物)在惰性有机溶剂(优选醇类)存在下,在0℃-80℃,优选20℃-50℃温度下反应。
14.式(VI)的被取代的苯乙酮类化合物
其中
R1和R2具有权利要求1中给出的含义。
17.制备按照权利要求16的式(XII)的被取代的氰基甲基苯胺类化合物的方法,其特征在于
h)式(XIII)的苯胺
其中R7具有权利要求16中给出的含义,
在乙酸存在下与多聚甲醛和碱金属氰化物,在20℃-60℃温度下反应。
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DE10135551A DE10135551A1 (de) | 2001-07-20 | 2001-07-20 | Pyrazolin-Derivate |
DE10135551.3 | 2001-07-20 |
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US (1) | US20090143454A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1412334A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005504748A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20040022453A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1271058C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0211337A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10135551A1 (zh) |
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DE10206791A1 (de) * | 2002-02-19 | 2003-08-28 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Substituierte 4-Pyrazolyl-pyrazoline |
DE10257080A1 (de) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-24 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Substituierte Pyrazolincarboxanilide |
WO2007080430A1 (en) * | 2006-01-16 | 2007-07-19 | Generics [Uk] Limited | Novel process |
US10743535B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2020-08-18 | H&K Solutions Llc | Insecticide for flight-capable pests |
CN113679716B (zh) | 2021-10-13 | 2024-03-26 | 史大永 | 溴酚-吡唑啉化合物在治疗猫冠状病毒疾病中的应用 |
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US3991073A (en) * | 1972-02-09 | 1976-11-09 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Pyrazoline compounds having insecticidal activity |
US3992073A (en) * | 1975-11-24 | 1976-11-16 | Technical Wire Products, Inc. | Multi-conductor probe |
DE4032089A1 (de) * | 1990-01-24 | 1991-07-25 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte pyrazolinderivate |
DE4117076A1 (de) * | 1991-05-25 | 1992-11-26 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte 4-hetaryl-pyrazoline |
DE4141187A1 (de) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-06-17 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von substituierten pyrazolinen |
US5338856A (en) * | 1992-08-17 | 1994-08-16 | Dowelanco | 3,4-N,trisubstituted-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamides and their use as insecticides |
DE4336307A1 (de) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-04-27 | Bayer Ag | Substituiertes Pyrazolinderivat |
DE4416112A1 (de) * | 1994-05-06 | 1995-11-09 | Bayer Ag | Substituierte Tetrahydropyrazole |
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2001
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2002
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- 2002-07-08 EP EP02758322A patent/EP1412334A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-08 BR BR0211337-6A patent/BR0211337A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-07-08 MX MXPA04000537A patent/MXPA04000537A/es unknown
- 2002-07-08 KR KR10-2004-7000612A patent/KR20040022453A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-08 CN CNB028182383A patent/CN1271058C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-08 US US10/483,619 patent/US20090143454A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20090143454A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
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CN1271058C (zh) | 2006-08-23 |
KR20040022453A (ko) | 2004-03-12 |
EP1412334A1 (de) | 2004-04-28 |
WO2003010148A1 (de) | 2003-02-06 |
JP2005504748A (ja) | 2005-02-17 |
DE10135551A1 (de) | 2003-01-30 |
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